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Vemuri V, Kratholm N, Nagarajan D, Cathey D, Abdelbaset-Ismail A, Tan Y, Straughn A, Cai L, Huang J, Kakar SS. Withaferin A as a Potential Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Cachexia. Cells 2024; 13:783. [PMID: 38727319 PMCID: PMC11083229 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, we showed that the generation of ovarian tumors in NSG mice (immune-compromised) resulted in the induction of muscle and cardiac cachexia, and treatment with withaferin A (WFA; a steroidal lactone) attenuated both muscle and cardiac cachexia. However, our studies could not address if these restorations by WFA were mediated by its anti-tumorigenic properties that might, in turn, reduce the tumor burden or WFA's direct, inherent anti-cachectic properties. To address this important issue, in our present study, we used a cachectic model induced by the continuous infusion of Ang II by implanting osmotic pumps in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. The continuous infusion of Ang II resulted in the loss of the normal functions of the left ventricle (LV) (both systolic and diastolic), including a significant reduction in fractional shortening, an increase in heart weight and LV wall thickness, and the development of cardiac hypertrophy. The infusion of Ang II also resulted in the development of cardiac fibrosis, and significant increases in the expression levels of genes (ANP, BNP, and MHCβ) associated with cardiac hypertrophy and the chemical staining of the collagen abundance as an indication of fibrosis. In addition, Ang II caused a significant increase in expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, MIP-2, and IFNγ), NLRP3 inflammasomes, AT1 receptor, and a decrease in AT2 receptor. Treatment with WFA rescued the LV functions and heart hypertrophy and fibrosis. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, that, while WFA has anti-tumorigenic properties, it also ameliorates the cardiac dysfunction induced by Ang II, suggesting that it could be an anticachectic agent that induces direct effects on cardiac muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasa Vemuri
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (V.V.); (N.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Nicholas Kratholm
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (V.V.); (N.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Darini Nagarajan
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (V.V.); (N.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Dakotah Cathey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (D.C.); (Y.T.); (L.C.); (J.H.)
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdelbaset-Ismail
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Yi Tan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (D.C.); (Y.T.); (L.C.); (J.H.)
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Alex Straughn
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (D.C.); (Y.T.); (L.C.); (J.H.)
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Jiapeng Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (D.C.); (Y.T.); (L.C.); (J.H.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Sham S. Kakar
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (V.V.); (N.K.); (D.N.)
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
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Ando Y, Odawara E, Sakai H, Sato F, Kamei J. Placental extract suppresses lipid droplet accumulation by autophagy during the differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells into mature adipocytes. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:338. [PMID: 37974253 PMCID: PMC10655368 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06622-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Placental extract, which contains various bioactive compounds, has been used as traditional medicine. Many studies have demonstrated additional applications of placental extract and provided a scientific basis for the broad spectrum of its effects. We have previously reported that porcine placental extract (PPE) strongly suppresses adipogenesis in a 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell line, inhibiting differentiation. This study aimed to examine the effect of PPE on the accumulation of lipid droplets (LD) in adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASC). RESULTS The study findings revealed that PPE decreased the size of LD during the differentiation of ASC into mature adipocytes. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that PPE increased the gene expression of lysosomal acid lipase A (Lipa), a lipolysis-related gene, in ASC-differentiated adipocytes. However, no differences were noted in the adipocyte differentiation markers (Pparg, Cebpa, and Adipoq), or the adipogenesis-related genes (Dgat1, Dgat2, Fasn, Soat1, and Soat2). In addition, PPE promoted autophagosome formation, which was partially co-localized with the LD, indicating that PPE accelerated the degradation of LD by inducing autophagy (termed lipophagy) during the differentiation of ASC into mature adipocytes. These results suggest that the use of PPE may be a potential novel treatment for regulating adipogenesis for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ando
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Eri Odawara
- Laboratory for Bioanalysis and Onco-Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Sato
- Laboratory for Bioanalysis and Onco-Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Junzo Kamei
- Juntendo Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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Farhadi M, Gorji A, Mirsalehi M, Müller M, Poletaev AB, Mahboudi F, Asadpour A, Ebrahimi M, Beiranvand M, Khaftari MD, Akbarnejad Z, Mahmoudian S. The human neuroprotective placental protein composition suppressing tinnitus and restoring auditory brainstem response in a rodent model of sodium salicylate-induced ototoxicity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19052. [PMID: 37636471 PMCID: PMC10457515 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of neuroprotective placental protein composition (NPPC) on the suppression of tinnitus and the restoration of the auditory brainstem response (ABR) characteristics was explored in tinnitus-induced rats. The animals were placed into two groups: (1) the study group, rats received sodium salicylate (SS) at the dose of 200 mg/kg twice a day for two weeks, and then 0.4 mg of the NPPC per day, between the 14th and 28th days, (2) the placebo group, rats received saline for two weeks, and then the NPPC alone between the 14th and 28th days. The gap pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS), the pre-pulse inhibition (PPI), and the ABR assessments were performed on animals in both groups three times (baseline, day 14, and 28). The GPIAS value declined after 14 consecutive days of the SS injection, while NPPC treatment augmented the GPIAS score in the study group on the 28th day. The PPI outcomes revealed no significant changes, indicating hearing preservation after the SS and NPPC administrations. Moreover, some changes in ABR characteristics were observed following SS injection, including (1) higher ABR thresholds, (2) lowered waves I and II amplitudes at the frequencies of 6, 12, and 24 kHz and wave III at the 12 kHz, (3) elevated amplitude ratios, and (4) prolongation in brainstem transmission time (BTT). All the mentioned variables returned to their normal values after applying the NPPC. The NPPC use could exert positive therapeutic effects on the tinnitus-induced rats and improve their ABR parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery Westfälische Wilhelms-Universitat Münster, Münster, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mirsalehi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marcus Müller
- Translational Hearing Research, Tübingen Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Borisovich Poletaev
- Clinical and Research Center of Children Psycho-Neurology, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Medical Research Centre “Immunculus”, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Abdoreza Asadpour
- Intelligent Systems Research Center, Ulster University, Magee Campus, Derry∼Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mohammad Ebrahimi
- The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Sciences Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Beiranvand
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Dehghani Khaftari
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Akbarnejad
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Mahmoudian
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gromova OA, Torshin IY, Chuchalin AG, Maximov VА. Human placenta hydrolysates: from V.P. Filatov to the present day: Review. TERAPEVT ARKH 2022; 94:434-441. [DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.03.201408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Works of V.P. Filatov and his school laid the foundation for the study and clinical use of human placenta hydrolysates (HPH). To date, the PubMed database contains more than 5,000 publications on basic and clinical research on HPH. Studies of the peptide composition of HPH, carried out using the methods of modern proteomics, have made it possible to propose a complex of molecular mechanisms of the action of HPH in various pathologies. The article discusses the effects of HPH on the treatment of liver diseases, atopic dermatitis, viral infections (herpes, COVID-19, viral hepatitis), iron overload and chronic fatigue syndrome. Stimulation of HPH regenerative capabilities of the body is important for accelerating and improving the quality of wound healing, treatment of diseases of the joints and the reproductive system.
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Igarashi K, Sugimoto K, Hirano E. Placental extract suppresses the formation of fibrotic deposits by tumor necrosis factor alpha and transforming growth factor beta-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ARPE-19 cells. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:407. [PMID: 34727968 PMCID: PMC8561846 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05824-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and subsequent fibrosis. Previously, we demonstrated that placental extract ameliorates fibrosis in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In this study, we evaluated whether placental extract influences EMT and fibrosis through cytokine-induced EMT in the retinal pigment epithelial cells, in vitro. Results Placental extract did not inhibit EMT, but it suppressed excessive mesenchymal reactions and the subsequent fibrosis. These results suggest that placental extract effectively ameliorates EMT-associated fibrosis in PVR. This beneficial effect could be partially attributed to the suppression of excessive mesenchymal reactions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05824-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Igarashi
- Research Institute, Japan Bio Products Co., Ltd., 1-1 Kurume Research Center bldg. 2F, Hyakunenkoen, Kurume, 839-0864, Japan
| | - Koji Sugimoto
- Research Institute, Japan Bio Products Co., Ltd., 1-1 Kurume Research Center bldg. 2F, Hyakunenkoen, Kurume, 839-0864, Japan
| | - Eiichi Hirano
- Research Institute, Japan Bio Products Co., Ltd., 1-1 Kurume Research Center bldg. 2F, Hyakunenkoen, Kurume, 839-0864, Japan.
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