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Hussein ZA, Abu-Raghif AR, Fawzi HA. The mitigating effect of para-hydroxycinnamic acid in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice through targeting oxidative, inflammatory and fibrotic pathways. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 135:23-42. [PMID: 38745367 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.14018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the therapeutic benefits of para-hydroxycinnamic acid in mice with bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Forty male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to four groups: normal, which received 0.9% normal saline; induced, which received a single dose of bleomycin (5 mg/kg) by oropharyngeal challenge; pirfenidone-treated; and para-hydroxycinnamic acid-treated, which challenged with bleomycin and received a daily oral dose of 300 and 50 mg/kg, respectively, from day 7 to day 21. Tissue pro-fibrotic and inflammatory cytokines, oxidative indicators, pulmonary histopathology, immunohistochemistry of fibrotic proteins and the assessment of gene expression by RT-qPCR were evaluated on day 22 after euthanizing animals. Pirfenidone and para-hydroxycinnamic acid managed to alleviate the fibrotic endpoints by statistically improving the weight index, histopathological score and reduced expression of fibrotic-related proteins in immune-stained lung sections, as well as fibrotic markers measured in serum samples. They also managed to alleviate tissue levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators. para-Hydroxycinnamic acid enhanced the expression of crucial genes associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in vivo. para-Hydroxycinnamic acid has demonstrated similar effectiveness to pirfenidone, suggesting it could be a promising treatment for fibrotic lung conditions by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway or through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeena A Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed R Abu-Raghif
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Hadi N, Drioiche A, Bouchra EM, Baammi S, Abdelaziz Shahat A, Tagnaout I, Radi M, Remok F, Bouzoubaa A, Zair T. Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oils and Seed Extracts of Anethum graveolens from Southern Morocco: In Vitro and In Silico Approach for a Natural Alternative to Synthetic Preservatives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:862. [PMID: 39065713 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Anethum graveolens is an aromatic plant traditionally used as an antispasmodic and carminative. The objective of this study is to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oils and extracts obtained from seeds gathered in Errachidia, southern Morocco. Additionally, the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of these oils and extracts will be evaluated. GC-MS analysis of the EO isolated by hydrodistillation revealed that its main compounds were E-anethole (38.13%), estragole (29.32%), fenchone (17.21%), and α-pinene (7.37%). The phenolic components were extracted using the methods of decoction and Soxhlet. The assay of the phenolic compounds showed that A. graveolens seeds contained considerable amounts of polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins, with variable levels depending on the extract analyzed. HPLC/UV-ESI-MS analyses performed on the decoction revealed a structural diversity of the molecules present in this extract, the most important of which were umbelliferone (12.35%), 3-hydroxyflavone (11.23%), rosmanol (8.95%), biotin (8.36%), emmotin H (4.91%), and coumarin (4.21%). The antioxidant activity, as determined by three techniques (DPPH•, FRAP, and CAT), demonstrated that the essential oils (EOs) and extracts had a potent capacity to counteract detrimental free radicals, control the generation of reactive oxygen species, and mitigate oxidative damages. The antimicrobial activity of the Eos and extracts was carried out in a liquid medium against five strains (E. cloacae, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis) and four candidiasis (C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis) and Aspergillus niger. The results showed the effectiveness of the EOs compared to the aqueous, ethanolic, and decoction extracts against most of the microorganisms tested. In addition, the ethanolic extract showed antifungal activity that was distinguished from that of the other extracts. The antimicrobial efficacy of the essential oils under study can primarily be attributed to the synergistic interactions among its three principal constituents (E-anethole, estragole, and fenchone). Furthermore, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation results reveal significant interactions and stability between the selected bioactive compounds and different target proteins involved in antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Compounds like 3-hydroxyflavone, emmotin H, trans-caftaric acid, methyl rosmarinate, 1-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucose, and kaempferol exhibited better binding energies with the explored proteins, indicating their potential as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. Finally, our findings emphasize the significance of A. graveolens seeds as a promising reservoir of advantageous health compounds that can serve as organic substitutes for the presently employed synthetic preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hadi
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Aziz Drioiche
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - El Moumen Bouchra
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Soukayna Baammi
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, College of Computing, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | | | - Imane Tagnaout
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Radi
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Fidaous Remok
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Amal Bouzoubaa
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Touriya Zair
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco
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Hussein ZA, Abu-Raghif AR, Tahseen NJ, Rashed KA, Shaker NS, Fawzi HA. Vinpocetine alleviated alveolar epithelial cells injury in experimental pulmonary fibrosis by targeting PPAR-γ/NLRP3/NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathways. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11131. [PMID: 38750140 PMCID: PMC11096407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential anti-fibrotic activity of vinpocetine in an experimental model of pulmonary fibrosis by bleomycin and in the MRC-5 cell line. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in BALB/c mice by oropharyngeal aspiration of a single dose of bleomycin (5 mg/kg). The remaining induced animals received a daily dose of pirfenidone (as a standard anti-fibrotic drug) (300 mg/kg/PO) and vinpocetine (20 mg/kg/PO) on day 7 of the induction till the end of the experiment (day 21). The results of the experiment revealed that vinpocetine managed to alleviate the fibrotic endpoints by statistically improving (P ≤ 0.05) the weight index, histopathological score, reduced expression of fibrotic-related proteins in immune-stained lung sections, as well as fibrotic markers measured in serum samples. It also alleviated tissue levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators significantly elevated in bleomycin-only induced animals (P ≤ 0.05). Vinpocetine managed to express a remarkable attenuating effect in pulmonary fibrosis both in vivo and in vitro either directly by interfering with the classical TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway or indirectly by upregulating the expression of Nrf2 enhancing the antioxidant system, activating PPAR-γ and downregulating the NLRP3/NF-κB pathway making it a candidate for further clinical investigation in cases of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeena A Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed R Abu-Raghif
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nibras J Tahseen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Nada S Shaker
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Althobaiti SA, Qahl SH, Toufig H, Almalki DA, Nasir O, Soliman MM. Protective impacts of Artemisia annua against hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad121. [PMID: 38162595 PMCID: PMC10753289 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of Artemisia annua (RA) extract on hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin injection mice. Sixteen mice were divided into four groups; the control group received saline, the second group received 1% A. annua (RA) extract, third group injected 80 mg/kg gentamicin (GEN) intraperitoneally. The protective group treated with a combination of GEN and A. annua. All mice were treated for consecutive 15 days. Results confirmed that hepatic biomarkers (GPT, GCT, GOT, IL-6 and IL-1β), all were altered after gentamycin injection. The histological analysis confirmed that gentamycin injected mice showed portal vein congestion, micro and macro steatosis, and nuclear pyknosis of hepatocytes. The protective group showed intact central vein with less microsteatosis of some hepatocytes. Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that the immunoreactivity of COX-2 gene showed negative impact in examined groups. Unlike, NF-κB gene exhibited diffuse positive expression in the gentamicin group. TGF-β1 immunoreactivity was mild positive in control and highly upregulated in gentamicin treated mice, all were normalized after RA administration. In conclusion, RA showed a beneficial impact against gentamycin induced hepatic toxicity at cellular and biochemical levels by regulating proteins and inflammatory markers associated with liver activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saed A Althobaiti
- Department of Biology, Taif University, Turabah University College, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safa H Qahl
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Toufig
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box-400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daklallah A Almalki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Arts (Qelwah), Al-Baha University, Al-Baha 65528, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omaima Nasir
- Department of Biology, Taif University, Turabah University College, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Taif University, Turabah University College, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia
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Abdalhameid E, Abd El-Haleim EA, Abdelsalam RM, Georgy GS, Fawzy HM, Kenawy SA. Cinnamic acid mitigates methotrexate-induced lung fibrosis in rats: comparative study with pirfenidone. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1071-1079. [PMID: 37581637 PMCID: PMC10791841 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02652-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung fibrosis is a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by excessive accumulation of scarred tissue, leading to lung architecture destruction and restricted ventilation. The current work was conducted to examine the probable shielding influence of cinnamic acid against lung fibrosis induced by methotrexate. METHODS Rats were pre-treated with oral administration of cinnamic acid (50 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, whereas methotrexate (14 mg/kg) was orally given on the 5th and 12th days of the experiment. Pirfenidone (50 mg/kg/day) was used as a standard drug. At the end of the experiment, oxidative parameters (malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, and total glutathione) and inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-8), as well as transforming growth factor-β and collagen content, as fibrosis indicators, were measured in lung tissue. RESULTS Our results revealed that cinnamic acid, as pirfenidone, effectively prevented the methotrexate-induced overt histopathological damage. This was associated with parallel improvements in oxidative, inflammatory, and fibrotic parameters measured. The outcomes of cinnamic acid administration were more or less the same as those of pirfenidone. In conclusion, pre-treatment with cinnamic acid protects against methotrexate-induced fibrosis, making it a promising prophylactic adjuvant therapy to methotrexate and protecting against its possible induction of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Abdalhameid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt.
| | - Enas A Abd El-Haleim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biology, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan S Georgy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hala M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Sanaa A Kenawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Dong W, Xing B, Yu J, Li W, Wang Y, Zhong L, Liu Y, Wang Y, Shu Z, Liu S. A metabolism-based study of the mechanism of action of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. on nephrogenic edema. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5757. [PMID: 37814466 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Nephrogenic edema (NE) is a type of edema with hypoproteinemia and water and sodium retention as a result of renal injury. Traditional Chinese medicine has proved that Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. has an effect on NE, but its mechanism is not clear. In this study, the main components and blood components of S. ningpoensis were identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Pathological section and blood biochemical analysis were used to estimate the therapeutic effect of S. ningpoensis on NE. Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential pathways of S. ningpoensis. The metabolomics method was used to study the changes in small-molecule metabolites in the body. The results showed that S. ningpoensis could relieve NE by regulating relative to renal function and body edema, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of energy metabolism, recovery of renal injury, and reduction in inflammation. The active component harpagoside may be one of the important compounds of S. ningpoensis in the treatment of NE. We confirmed that S. ningpoensis has a therapeutic effect on NE, which provides a solid scientific research basis for the clinical application of S. ningpoensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- WanRu Dong
- Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - BeiYu Xing
- Department of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - JiaMin Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - LuYang Zhong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical College, Hainan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZunPeng Shu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ShuMin Liu
- The Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Aurori M, Andrei S, Dreanca AI, Morohoschi AG, Cotul M, Niculae M, Nan MI, Codea AR, Gal AF. The Nephroprotective Effect of Cornelian Cherry ( Cornus mas L.) and Rowanberry ( Sorbus aucuparia L.) in Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity on Wistar Rats with Emphasis on the Evaluation of Novel Renal Biomarkers and the Antioxidant Capacity in Correlation with Nitro-Oxidative Stress. Nutrients 2023; 15:4392. [PMID: 37892466 PMCID: PMC10609733 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of its well-known nephrotoxicity, gentamicin is nonetheless routinely used in humans and animals. However, no adjuvant treatments have been implemented to mitigate this harmful effect. Given this concern, medicinal plants represent a significant reservoir of natural antioxidants that could potentially reduce the renal oxidative stress induced by gentamicin. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to investigate the nephroprotective properties of Cornus mas and Sorbus aucuparia fruits in an experimental model of nephrotoxicity. The 3-week study was performed on male Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into six experimental groups, being subcutaneously treated with 50 mg/kg gentamicin and orally given Cornus mas and Sorbus aucuparia extracts, in doses of 40 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively. Antioxidant therapy significantly improved the nitro-oxidative stress parameters as well as the specific renal biomarkers KIM-1 and iNAG, demonstrating a considerable renal tubular protective impact. These outcomes were reinforced by biochemical and histopathological enhancements. Nevertheless, neither of the tested extracts succeeded in substantially diminishing BUN levels. Additionally, CysC did not significantly decline following extracts treatment, suggesting that the remedies did not effectively protect renal glomeruli against gentamicin stress. Future studies are required in order to determine the underlying mechanisms of these berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Aurori
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.A.); (A.I.D.); (A.G.M.); (M.C.); (M.I.N.); (A.F.G.)
| | - Sanda Andrei
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.A.); (A.I.D.); (A.G.M.); (M.C.); (M.I.N.); (A.F.G.)
| | - Alexandra Iulia Dreanca
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.A.); (A.I.D.); (A.G.M.); (M.C.); (M.I.N.); (A.F.G.)
| | - Andreea Georgiana Morohoschi
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.A.); (A.I.D.); (A.G.M.); (M.C.); (M.I.N.); (A.F.G.)
| | - Mihaela Cotul
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.A.); (A.I.D.); (A.G.M.); (M.C.); (M.I.N.); (A.F.G.)
| | - Mihaela Niculae
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (A.R.C.)
| | - Monica Irina Nan
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.A.); (A.I.D.); (A.G.M.); (M.C.); (M.I.N.); (A.F.G.)
| | - Andrei Răzvan Codea
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (A.R.C.)
| | - Adrian Florin Gal
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.A.); (A.I.D.); (A.G.M.); (M.C.); (M.I.N.); (A.F.G.)
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Lacorte DH, Valério Filho A, Carvalho MD, Avila LB, Moraes CC, da Rosa GS. Optimization of the Green Extraction of Red Araçá ( Psidium catteyanum Sabine) and Application in Alginate Membranes for Use as Dressings. Molecules 2023; 28:6688. [PMID: 37764464 PMCID: PMC10537386 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research, the aim was to introduce innovation to the pharmaceutical field through the exploration of an underutilized plant matrix, the red araçá, along with the utilization of sodium alginate for the development of membranes designed for active topical dressings. Within this context, optimal extraction conditions were investigated using the central composite rotational statistical design (CCRD) to obtain a red araçá epicarp extract (RAEE) rich in bioactive compounds utilizing the maceration technique. The extract acquired under the optimized conditions (temperature of 66 °C and a hydroalcoholic solvent concentration of 32%) was incorporated into a sodium alginate matrix for the production of active membranes using a casting method. Characterization of the membranes revealed that the addition of the extract did not significantly alter its morphology. Furthermore, satisfactory results were observed regarding mechanical and barrier properties, as well as the controlled release of phenolic compounds in an environment simulating wound exudate. Based on these findings, the material produced from renewable matrices demonstrates the promising potential for application as a topical dressing within the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Hardt Lacorte
- Graduate Program in Science and Engineering of Materials, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé 96413-172, Brazil; (D.H.L.); (C.C.M.)
| | - Alaor Valério Filho
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Brazil;
| | | | - Luisa Bataglin Avila
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil;
| | - Caroline Costa Moraes
- Graduate Program in Science and Engineering of Materials, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé 96413-172, Brazil; (D.H.L.); (C.C.M.)
| | - Gabriela Silveira da Rosa
- Graduate Program in Science and Engineering of Materials, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé 96413-172, Brazil; (D.H.L.); (C.C.M.)
- Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé 96413-172, Brazil;
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Zhu Z, Wang J, Tang L, Tang J, Liu D, Geng F. Quantitative metabolomic analysis reveals the fractionation of active compounds during lemon fruit juicing. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112829. [PMID: 37254405 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, metabolomic analysis was employed to investigate the separation (fractionation) of active compounds into lemon juice (LJ) and lemon pomace (LP) during lemon juicing. A total of 968 metabolites were identified, and 438 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) were screened out between LJ and LP, suggesting significant metabolite fractionation during juicing. The "flavonoids", "phenolic acids", and "saccharides and alcohols" were mainly retained in the LP, while the fractionation of major "organic acids" was differentiated. Seven of the 12 potential bitter metabolites were more abundant in the LP and two were more abundant in the LJ, suggesting that LP would be more bitter. L-Ascorbic acid, thiamine, and acitretin were significantly lost during juicing, while riboflavin was newly dissolved during juicing. The antioxidant capacity of LP was significantly higher than that of LJ, which was closely related to the higher abundance of phenolic acid metabolites in LP. These findings suggtested that promoting the release of flavonoids and phenolic acids from LP is a potential strategy to improve the quality of LJ. Results also provides important information and reference for developing high-value products by using LP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jinqiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Linyi Tang
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Jiang Tang
- Lemon Industry Development Center of Anyue County, Ziyang 642350, China
| | - Dayu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
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Zhou J, Wang M, Bäuerl C, Cortés-Macías E, Calvo-Lerma J, Carmen Collado M, Barba FJ. The impact of liquid-pressurized extracts of Spirulina, Chlorella and Phaedactylum tricornutum on in vitro antioxidant, antiinflammatory and bacterial growth effects and gut microbiota modulation. Food Chem 2023; 401:134083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Gouda SAA, Aboulhoda BE, Abdelwahed OM, Abdallah H, Rashed L, Hussein RE, Sharawy N. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) switched macrophage into M2 phenotype and mitigated necroptosis and increased HSP 70 in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Life Sci 2023; 314:121338. [PMID: 36592788 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Many attempts to control acute kidney injury (AKI) have failed due to a lack of understanding of its pathophysiological key components. Macrophages are a crucial determinant of AKI, which can be categorized functionally as M1 pro-inflammatory and M2 anti-inflammatory macrophages. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is currently being investigated as an immune modulator. The present study aimed to explore the potential effects of LIPUS on the polarization of renal macrophages, as well as the possible interplay between macrophage polarization and necroptosis in gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury. METHOD All rats were randomly allocated into one of four groups: control, LIPUS-treated control, gentamicin acute kidney (GM-AKI), and LIPUS-treated GM-AKI. Renal functions, macrophage polarization, necroptosis, and heat shock protein-70 (HSP70) were analyzed using real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rT-PCR), Western Blot, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as well as immunohistological analysis. RESULTS we found that LIPUS markedly inhibited the expressions of M1 macrophage-related genes and promoted significantly the expression of M2 macrophages related genes. This was accompanied by an inhibition of necroptosis and a marked reduction of HSP-70, resulting in a reversal of gentamicin-induced renal alteration. CONCLUSION Functional switching of macrophage responses from M1 into M2 seems to be a potential approach to ameliorate necroptosis as well as HSP-70 by low pulsed ultrasound waves in GM-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hend Abdallah
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nivin Sharawy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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12
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Castañeda R, Cáceres A, Cruz SM, Aceituno JA, Marroquín ES, Barrios Sosa AC, Strangman WK, Williamson RT. Nephroprotective plant species used in traditional Mayan Medicine for renal-associated diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115755. [PMID: 36181985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The prevalence of kidney disease has increased rapidly in recent years and has emerged as one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Natural products have been suggested as valuable nephroprotective agents due to their multi-target and synergistic effects on modulating important proteins involved in kidney injury. There is a large number of plant species that have been used traditionally for kidney-related conditions in Mesoamerican medicine by different cultural groups that could provide a valuable source of nephroprotective therapeutic candidates and could lead to potential drug discovery. AIM OF REVIEW This review aims to provide an overview of the currently known efficacy of plant species used traditionally in Mesoamerica by Mayan groups to treat kidney-related conditions and to analyze the phytochemical, pharmacological, molecular, toxicological, and clinical evidence to contribute to public health efforts and for directing future research. METHODS Primary sources of plant use reports for traditional kidney-related disorders in Mesoamerica were searched systematically from library catalogs, theses, and scientific databases (PubMed, Google Scholar; and Science Direct), and were filtered according to usage frequency in Mayan groups and plant endemism. The database of traditional plants was further analyzed based on associations with published reports of the phytochemical, pharmacological, molecular, toxicological, and clinical evidence. RESULTS The most reported kidney-related conditions used traditionally in Mayan medicine involve reducing renal damage (a cultural interpretation that considers an inflammatory or infectious condition), cleaning or purifying the blood and kidney, reducing kidney pain, and eliminating kidney stones. A total of 208 plants used for kidney-related problems by 10 Mayan groups were found, representing 143 native species, where only 42 have reported pharmacological activity against kidney damage, mainly approached by in vitro and in vivo models of chemical- or drug-induced nephrotoxicity, diabetes nephropathy, and renal injury produced by hypertension. Nephroprotective effects are mainly mediated by reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory response, fibrosis mechanisms, and apoptosis in the kidney. The most common nephroprotective compounds associated with traditional Mayan medicine were flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic acids. The most widely studied traditional plants in terms of pharmacological evidence, bioactive compounds, and mechanisms of action, are Annona muricata L., Carica papaya L., Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., Lantana camara L., Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw., Tagetes erecta L., and Zea mays L. Most of the plant species with reported pharmacological activity against kidney damage were considered safe in toxicological studies. CONCLUSION Available pharmacological reports suggest that several herbs used in traditional Mayan medicine for renal-associated diseases may have nephroprotective effects and consistent pharmacological evidence, nephroprotective compounds, and mechanisms of action in different models of kidney injury. However, more research is required to fully understand the potential of traditional Mayan medicine in drug discovery given the limited ethnobotanical studies and data available for most species with regards to identification on bioactive components, pharmacological mechanisms, and the scarce number of clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Castañeda
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of San Carlos, Guatemala.
| | | | - Sully M Cruz
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of San Carlos, Guatemala.
| | - J Agustín Aceituno
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of San Carlos, Guatemala.
| | - E Sebastián Marroquín
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of San Carlos, Guatemala.
| | - Ana C Barrios Sosa
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, USA.
| | - Wendy K Strangman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, USA.
| | - R Thomas Williamson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, USA.
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13
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Lu X, Li J, Ma Y, Khan I, Yang Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Liu G, Zhang Z, Yang P, Zhang C. Fermented Angelica sinensis activates Nrf2 signaling and modulates the gut microbiota composition and metabolism to attenuate D-gal induced liver aging. Food Funct 2023; 14:215-230. [PMID: 36477974 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01637k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable physiological process associated with an imbalance in the oxidative defense system. Angelica sinensis, a kind of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has anti-oxidant effects and has been considered as a potential supplement in anti-aging treatment. Nevertheless, it has the disadvantages of slow efficacy and long duration of treatment. Fermentation, as an efficient biotechnological approach, is beneficial for improving the nutritional capacity of the material. Fermented TCMs are considered to be more effective. In this study, fermented Angelica sinensis (FAS) and non-fermented Angelica sinensis (NFAS) were used to investigate changes in the chemical constituents. Furthermore, the improvement effect of FAS on D-galactose-induced aging in mice and the potential mechanisms were explored. The results revealed that FAS and NFAS had different constituents under the influence of fermentation, such as 3-phenyllactic acid, L-5-hydroxytryptophan, taxifolin and methyl gallate. These elevated constituents of FAS might help increase the ability of FAS to improve aging. The aging model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose (2.5 g kg-1 day-1) for 44 days, and FAS (3 g kg-1 day-1) was administered daily by oral gavage after 2 weeks of induction with D-galactose. FAS was observed to significantly ameliorate changes associated with liver aging, such as reduction of MDA, AGEs and 8-OHdG. The contents of pro-inflammatory cytokines containing TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly suppressed in the FAS group. In addition, FAS activated Nrf2 signaling better than NFAS, improved the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, GCLC, GCLM and GSS, and further increased the activities of SOD, CAT and other antioxidant enzymes in the liver. Simultaneously, it had a certain repair effect on the liver tissues of mice. The intestinal microbiota analysis showed that FAS could regulate the microbiota imbalance caused by aging, increase the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes by 95% and improve the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria related to Nrf2 signaling, such as Lactobacillus. Besides, fecal metabolite analysis identified uric acid as an evidential metabolite, suggesting that FAS participates in purine metabolism to improve aging. Therefore, the regulation of intestinal microbiota and metabolism may be one of the important mechanisms of FAS in alleviating hepatic oxidative stress via the gut-liver axis. The results of this study could provide information for the future development of postbiotic products that may have beneficial effects on the prevention or treatment of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerui Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Junxiang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Yingchun Ma
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Israr Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yun Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Yuxi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - YaFei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - GuanLan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Pingrong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China. .,Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Chunjiang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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14
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Yu W, Liang Z, Li Q, Liu Y, Liu X, Jiang L, Liu C, Zhang Y, Kang C, Yan J. The pharmacological validation of the Xiao-Jian-Zhong formula against ulcerative colitis by network pharmacology integrated with metabolomics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115647. [PMID: 35987415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is pathologically characterized by an immune response accommodative insufficiency and dysbiosis accompanied by persistent epithelial barrier dysfunction, and is divided into ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Its progression increases the susceptibility to colitis-associated cancer (CAC), as well as other complications. The Xiao-Jian-Zhong (XJZ) formula has a historical application in the clinic to combat gastrointestinal disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY The investigation aimed to explore the molecular and cellular mechanisms of XJZ. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was diluted in drinking water and given to mice for a week to establish murine models of experimental colitis, and the XJZ solution was administered for two weeks. Network pharmacology analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were utilized to predict the therapeutic role of XJZ against UC and CAC. 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were conducted utilizing murine feces to examine the changes in the microbiome profile. Biochemical experiments were conducted to confirm the predicted functions. RESULTS XJZ treatment markedly attenuated DSS-induced experimental colitis progression, and the targets were enriched in inflammation, infection, and tumorigenesis, predicted by network pharmacology analysis. Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the XJZ-targets were related to the survival probability in patients with colorectal cancer, underlying a potential therapeutic value in cancer intervention. Moreover, the XJZ therapy successfully rescued the decreased richness and diversity of microbiota, suppressed the potentially pathogenic phenotype of the gut microorganisms, and reversed the declined linoleic acid metabolism and increased cytochrome P450 activity in murine colitis models. Our in-vitro experiments confirmed that the XJZ treatment suppressed Caspase1-dependent pyroptosis and increased peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ) expression in the colon, facilitated the alternative activation of macrophages (Mφs), inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in intestinal organoids (IOs), thereby favoring the mucosal healing. CONCLUSION The XJZ formula is efficacious for colitis by a prompt resolution of inflammation and dysbiosis, and by re-establishing a microbiome profile that favors re-epithelization, and prevents carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
| | - Zhenghao Liang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
| | - Xincheng Liu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
| | - Yijia Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
| | - Cai Kang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong province, China.
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15
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Dose-dependent ameliorating effect of lipoxin A4 on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: The role of TNFα, TGF-β, ICAM-1, and JNK signaling. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 366:110139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Chemical Composition and Valorization of Broccoli Leaf By-Products (Brassica oleracea L. Variety: Italica) to Ameliorate Reno-Hepatic Toxicity Induced by Gentamicin in Rats. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12146903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) is reported to possess antioxidant activity that could potentially prevent oxidative damage to tissues caused by many diseases. In the present study, we investigated the preventive effect of broccoli leaf by-product extract (BL) on gentamicin-induced renal and hepatic injury by measuring tissue antioxidant activities and morphological apoptotic changes. Broccoli leaf was thoroughly extracted with 70% methanol to yield the total methanol extract (TME). The total phenolic content (TPC) was determined. Thirty male rats were divided into five groups (six animals/group). Group I received phosphate-buffered saline orally, while group II was treated with gentamicin (100 mg/kg i.p. intraperitoneal) for ten days. Group III and group IV animals were given BL (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively) plus gentamicin treatment. Group V received L-cysteine (1 mmole/kg) plus gentamicin. Antioxidant and biochemical parameters, such as transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine, and urea, and mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) were determined in various groups, along with the quantification of inflammatory and apoptotic cells in hepatic and renal tissues. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were determined in liver and renal samples. Histopathological studies of the liver and kidneys were also carried out. The TME was subjected to various and repeated techniques of chromatography to yield caffeic acid, gallic acid, and methyl gallate. The TPC was 6.47 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent/g of dry extract. Gentamicin increased the levels of serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, and urea. The MDA and GSH contents and theactivity levels of the antioxidant enzyme SOD decreased in liver and kidney samples with gentamicin administration. BL administration dose-dependently prevented the alteration in biochemical parameters and was supported by low levels of tubular and glomerular injuries induced by gentamicin. This study valorizes the potential of BL as a preventive candidate in cases of gentamicin-induced liver and kidney toxicity and recommends further clinical studies using BL to validate its utilization for human consumption and as a source of phenolics for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purposes.
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17
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Xu B, Zheng J, Tian X, Yuan F, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Yang Z, Ding X. Protective mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine guizhi fuling pills against carbon tetrachloride-induced kidney damage is through inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and regulating the intestinal flora. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 101:154129. [PMID: 35490491 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemical or drug-induced kidney damage has been recognized as a critical cause of kidney failure. The oxidative stress, inflammation, and imbalance of intestinal flora caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) play a fundamental role in chronic kidney damage. Guizhi Fuling pills (GZFL) is a traditional formula consisting of five traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, which can promote blood circulation and improve kidney function. The underlying mechanisms of GZFL improving kidney damage are not fully understood yet. AIM The current study aimed to explore the effects of GZFL on CCl4-induced kidney damage and intestinal microbiota in mice. METHODS Male ICR mice were intraperitoneally administered with 20% CCl4 (mixed in a ratio of 1:4 in soybean oil) twice a week, for 4 weeks to induce kidney damage. Creatinine (CRE), urea nitrogen, antioxidant enzymes, and inflammatory cytokines were measured and the histology of the kidney, jejunum, and colon examination to assess kidney and intestinal damage. The expressions of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) family members, nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in kidney tissues, and the tight junction proteins in colonic tissues were detected by Western blot. The gut microbiota was analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS GZFL treatment decreased the serum CRE and urea nitrogen levels. Moreover, GZFL reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased antioxidant enzyme activities in kidney and colonic tissues. GZFL improved the kidney, jejunum, and colon histology. Furthermore, GZFL inhibited the expressions of NLRP3, ASC, and cleaved-Caspase-1, while Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, GCLM, and tight junction proteins were increased. The dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota improved after GZFL treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that GZFL could improve kidney damage, which might be mainly via the integrated regulations of the Nrf2 pathway, NLRP3 inflammasome, and composition of intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baogui Xu
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Jiawen Zheng
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tian
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Falei Yuan
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Zhongliang Liu
- Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Yafeng Zhou
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Zuisu Yang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Xianjun Ding
- Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhoushan 316000, China.
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18
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Luan F, Rao Z, Peng L, Lei Z, Zeng J, Peng X, Yang R, Liu R, Zeng N. Cinnamic acid preserves against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppression of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154047. [PMID: 35320770 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinnamic acid (CA) is an active organic acid compound extracted from Cinnamomi ramulus that has various biological activities. There is growing studies have shown that the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome significantly contributes to sterile inflammatory response and pyroptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). However, whether CA has any influence on NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis during MI/RI are not fully elucidated. PURPOSE In the present study, we investigated whether NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis were involved in the cardioprotective effect of CA against MI/RI. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intragastrically administered either with CA (75 and 150 mg/kg, daily) or vehicle for 7 successive days prior to ligation of coronary artery, and then rats were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min to evoke MI/RI. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that CA could significantly improve cardiac diastolic function, decrease cardiac infarct size and myocardial injury enzymes, inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis, attenuate cardiac structure abnormality, and mitigate oxidative stress and inflammatory response. We also found that MI/RI activate NLRP3 inflammasome as evidenced by the upregulation levels of NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1, and ASC proteins and mRNA. More importantly, MI/RI trigger pyroptosis as indicated by increased DNA fragmentation, membrane pore formation, and mitochondrial swelling as well as increased levels of pyroptosis-related proteins and mRNA, including GSDMD, N-GSDMD, IL-18, and IL-1β. As expected, all these deleterious alterations were prominently reversed by CA pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that CA effectively protected cardiomyocytes against MI/RI by inhibiting NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway, and it is worthy of more investigations for its therapeutic potential for extenuating ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Zhili Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Lixia Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Ziqin Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Jiuseng Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Xi Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Ruocong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
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Gad El-Hak HN, Mahmoud HS, Ahmed EA, Elnegris HM, Aldayel TS, Abdelrazek HMA, Soliman MTA, El-Menyawy MAI. Methanolic Phoenix dactylifera L. Extract Ameliorates Cisplatin-Induced Hepatic Injury in Male Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051025. [PMID: 35268000 PMCID: PMC8912432 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the ameliorative potential of methanolic date flesh extract (MDFE) against cisplatin-induced hepatic injury. Twenty male rats (weighing 180-200 g) were allocated into four groups: control; date flesh (DF) group (oral 600 mg/kg MDFE for 21 days); Cis group (7.5 mg/kg i.p. at day 16); and date flesh/cisplatin (DF/Cis) group (oral 600 mg/kg MDFE for 21 days and 7.5 mg/kg i.p. at day 16). Hepatic biochemical parameters in sera, and inflammatory and oxidant/antioxidant hepatic biomarkers were estimated. Hepatic histological changes and the immunohistochemistry of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were assessed. Pretreatment with MDFE decreased Cis-triggered liver biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers, and histological damage. Moreover, MDFE treatment reduced Cis-induced hepatic NF-κB, COX-2, and α-SMA protein expression. MDFE exerted a hepatoprotective effect when used concomitantly with Cis. Its effect was mediated via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Nageh Gad El-Hak
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Hany Salah Mahmoud
- Center of Scientific Foundation for Experimental Studies and Research, Ismailia 41511, Egypt;
| | - Eman A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Heba M. Elnegris
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Tahany Saleh Aldayel
- Department of Physical Sport Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Heba M. A. Abdelrazek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed T. A. Soliman
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 67614, Saudi Arabia;
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Bulboacă AE, Porfire AS, Rus V, Nicula CA, Bulboacă CA, Bolboacă SD. Protective Effect of Liposomal Epigallocatechin-Gallate in Experimental Gentamicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:412. [PMID: 35204293 PMCID: PMC8869534 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020412&set/a 900137139+983262882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to assess the effect of liposomal epigallocatechin-gallate (LEGCG) compared with epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) solution on hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin (G) administration in rats. Five groups were evaluated, a control group (no G administration) and four groups that received G (1 mL, i.p, 80 mg/kg b.w. (body weight/day), for 7 days) to which we associated daily administration 30 min before G of EGCG (G-EGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.), LEGCG (G-LEGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.) or silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w./day). The nitro-oxidative stress (NOx), catalase (CAT), TNF-α, transaminases, creatinine, urea, metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9, and liver histopathological changes were evaluated. LEGCG exhibited better efficacy than EGCG, improving the oxidant/antioxidant balance (p = 0.0125 for NOx and 0.0032 for CAT), TNF-α (p < 0.0001), MMP-2 (p < 0.0001), aminotransferases (p = 0.0001 for AST and 0.0136 for ALT), creatinine (p < 0.0001), urea (p = 0.0006) and histopathologic liver changes induced by gentamicin. Our study demonstrated the beneficial effect of EGCG with superior results of the liposomal formulation for hepatoprotection in experimental hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Elena Bulboacă
- Department of Pathophysiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alina Silvia Porfire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Vasile Rus
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400375 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cristina Ariadna Nicula
- Department of Ophthalmology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Corneliu Angelo Bulboacă
- Department of Neurology and Pediatric Neurology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Sorana D. Bolboacă
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
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Protective Effect of Liposomal Epigallocatechin-Gallate in Experimental Gentamicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020412. [PMID: 35204293 PMCID: PMC8869534 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to assess the effect of liposomal epigallocatechin-gallate (LEGCG) compared with epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) solution on hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin (G) administration in rats. Five groups were evaluated, a control group (no G administration) and four groups that received G (1 mL, i.p, 80 mg/kg b.w. (body weight/day), for 7 days) to which we associated daily administration 30 min before G of EGCG (G-EGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.), LEGCG (G-LEGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.) or silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w./day). The nitro-oxidative stress (NOx), catalase (CAT), TNF-α, transaminases, creatinine, urea, metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9, and liver histopathological changes were evaluated. LEGCG exhibited better efficacy than EGCG, improving the oxidant/antioxidant balance (p = 0.0125 for NOx and 0.0032 for CAT), TNF-α (p < 0.0001), MMP-2 (p < 0.0001), aminotransferases (p = 0.0001 for AST and 0.0136 for ALT), creatinine (p < 0.0001), urea (p = 0.0006) and histopathologic liver changes induced by gentamicin. Our study demonstrated the beneficial effect of EGCG with superior results of the liposomal formulation for hepatoprotection in experimental hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin.
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Protective Effect of Liposomal Epigallocatechin-Gallate in Experimental Gentamicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020412
expr 847787495 + 893919512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to assess the effect of liposomal epigallocatechin-gallate (LEGCG) compared with epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) solution on hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin (G) administration in rats. Five groups were evaluated, a control group (no G administration) and four groups that received G (1 mL, i.p, 80 mg/kg b.w. (body weight/day), for 7 days) to which we associated daily administration 30 min before G of EGCG (G-EGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.), LEGCG (G-LEGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.) or silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w./day). The nitro-oxidative stress (NOx), catalase (CAT), TNF-α, transaminases, creatinine, urea, metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9, and liver histopathological changes were evaluated. LEGCG exhibited better efficacy than EGCG, improving the oxidant/antioxidant balance (p = 0.0125 for NOx and 0.0032 for CAT), TNF-α (p < 0.0001), MMP-2 (p < 0.0001), aminotransferases (p = 0.0001 for AST and 0.0136 for ALT), creatinine (p < 0.0001), urea (p = 0.0006) and histopathologic liver changes induced by gentamicin. Our study demonstrated the beneficial effect of EGCG with superior results of the liposomal formulation for hepatoprotection in experimental hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin.
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El-Sayed K, Ali DA, Maher SA, Ghareeb D, Selim S, Albogami S, Fayad E, Kolieb E. Prophylactic and Ameliorative Effects of PPAR-γ Agonist Pioglitazone in Improving Oxidative Stress, Germ Cell Apoptosis and Inflammation in Gentamycin-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Albino Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020191. [PMID: 35204074 PMCID: PMC8868260 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) is ubiquitously expressed in testicular tissue and plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes. Pioglitazone (PIO) is one of the PPAR-γ agonists, having anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Patients on gentamycin treatment may undergo serious side effects such as testicular damage. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study to investigate the possible protective anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of PIO on gentamycin-induced testicular damage. Fifty adult male Wistar albino rats included in the study as the control group (CTL) received normal saline; a gentamycin-induced testicular damage group (GM) received gentamycin (100 mg/kg); PIO5, PIO10, PIO20 groups received PIO at a dose of 5, 10, and 20 mg/ kg, respectively, for 21 days, and gentamycin was started at day 15 of the experiment for 6 days. The parameters of spermatozoa and histopathological alterations in the testes were significantly improved in the PIO20 group. Moreover, MDA levels, inflammatory mediators, and apoptotic Bax expression were decreased. The activity of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity, and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 genes expression were increased. It was concluded that PIO20 could protect against gentamycin-induced testicular damage in Wistar rats through its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima El-Sayed
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Dina A. Ali
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Shymaa Ahmed Maher
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Dalia Ghareeb
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez 41522, Egypt;
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (E.F.)
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (E.F.)
| | - Eman Kolieb
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1006738513
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