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Kim K, Gao H, Li C, Li B. The glutathione biosynthesis is involved in metamorphosis, antioxidant function, and insecticide resistance in Tribolium castaneum. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2698-2709. [PMID: 38308415 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced glutathione (GSH) synthesis is vital for redox homeostasis, cell-cycle regulation and apoptosis, and immune function. The glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in GSH synthesis, suggesting the potential use of Gclc as a pesticide target. However, the functional characterization of Gclc, especially its contribution in metamorphosis, antioxidant status and insecticide resistance, is unclear in Tribolium castaneum. RESULTS In this study, we identified and cloned Gclc from T. castaneum (TcGclc) and found that its expression began to increase significantly from the late larvae (LL) stage (3.491 ± 0.490-fold). Furthermore, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of TcGclc resulted in three types of aberration (100% total aberration rate) caused by the downregulation of genes related to the 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) pathway. This deficiency was partially rescued by exogenous 20E treatment (53.1% ± 3.2%), but not by antioxidant. Moreover, in the TcGclc knockdown group, GSH content was decreased to 62.3%, and total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase activities were reduced by 14.6%, 83.6%, and 82.3%, respectively. In addition, treatment with different insecticides upregulated expression of TcGclc significantly compared with a control group during the late larval stage (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that TcGclc has an extensive role in metamorphosis, antioxidant function and insecticide resistance in T. castaneum, thereby expanding our understanding of GSH functions and providing a scientific basis for pest control. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- KumChol Kim
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Life-Science, University of Science, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Ahmad MF, Ahmad FA, Alsayegh AA, Zeyaullah M, AlShahrani AM, Muzammil K, Saati AA, Wahab S, Elbendary EY, Kambal N, Abdelrahman MH, Hussain S. Pesticides impacts on human health and the environment with their mechanisms of action and possible countermeasures. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29128. [PMID: 38623208 PMCID: PMC11016626 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are chemical constituents used to prevent or control pests, including insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, and other unwanted organisms. Despite their advantages in crop production and disease management, the use of pesticides poses significant hazards to the environment and public health. Pesticide elements have now perpetually entered our atmosphere and subsequently contaminated water, food, and soil, leading to health threats ranging from acute to chronic toxicities. Pesticides can cause acute toxicity if a high dose is inhaled, ingested, or comes into contact with the skin or eyes, while prolonged or recurrent exposure to pesticides leads to chronic toxicity. Pesticides produce different types of toxicity, for instance, neurotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and endocrine disruption. The toxicity of a pesticide formulation may depend on the specific active ingredient and the presence of synergistic or inert compounds that can enhance or modify its toxicity. Safety concerns are the need of the hour to control contemporary pesticide-induced health hazards. The effectiveness and implementation of the current legislature in providing ample protection for human health and the environment are key concerns. This review explored a comprehensive summary of pesticides regarding their updated impacts on human health and advanced safety concerns with legislation. Implementing regulations, proper training, and education can help mitigate the negative impacts of pesticide use and promote safer and more sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Faruque Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad
- Department of Basic and Applied Science, School of Engineering and Science, G.D Goenka University, Gururgram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Zeyaullah
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. AlShahrani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Ali Saati
- Department of Community Medicine & Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Y. Elbendary
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla Kambal
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H. Abdelrahman
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sohail Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Cirilo MAS, Santos VBS, Lima NKS, Muzi-Filho H, Paixão ADO, Vieyra A, Vieira LD. Reactive oxygen species impair Na+ transport and renal components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system after paraquat poisoning. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20230971. [PMID: 38597493 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridyl dichloride) is an herbicide widely used worldwide and officially banned in Brazil in 2020. Kidney lesions frequently occur, leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) due to exacerbated reactive O2 species (ROS) production. However, the consequences of ROS exposure on ionic transport and the regulator local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) still need to be elucidated at a molecular level. This study evaluated how ROS acutely influences Na+-transporting ATPases and the renal RAAS. Adult male Wistar rats received paraquat (20 mg/kg; ip). After 24 h, we observed body weight loss and elevation of urinary flow and serum creatinine. In the renal cortex, paraquat increased ROS levels, NADPH oxidase and (Na++K+)ATPase activities, angiotensin II-type 1 receptors, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6. In the medulla, paraquat increased ROS levels and NADPH oxidase activity but inhibited (Na++K+)ATPase. Paraquat induced opposite effects on the ouabain-resistant Na+-ATPase in the cortex (decrease) and medulla (increase). These alterations, except for increased serum creatinine and renal levels of TNF-α and interleukin-6, were prevented by 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (tempol; 1 mmol/L in drinking water), a stable antioxidant. In summary, after paraquat poisoning, ROS production culminated with impaired medullary function, urinary fluid loss, and disruption of Na+-transporting ATPases and angiotensin II signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marry A S Cirilo
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Professor Moraes Rego Ave., University City, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Valéria B S Santos
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Professor Moraes Rego Ave., University City, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Natália K S Lima
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Professor Moraes Rego Ave., University City, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Humberto Muzi-Filho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Center for Research in Precision Medicine, First Floor, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Carlos Chagas Filho Ave., University City, 21941-904 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Ave., University City, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Ave., University City, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana D O Paixão
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Professor Moraes Rego Ave., University City, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Center for Research in Precision Medicine, First Floor, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Carlos Chagas Filho Ave., University City, 21941-904 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Ave., University City, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Ave., University City, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Grande Rio University, 1160 Professor José de Souza Herdy Street, Building C, Second Floor, 25071-202 Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leucio D Vieira
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Professor Moraes Rego Ave., University City, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Ave., University City, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Yuan S, Zhang H, Wang S, Jiang X, Ma M, Xu Y, Han Y, Wang Z. Do the same chlorinated organophosphorus flame retardants that cause cytotoxicity and DNA damage share the same pathway? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116158. [PMID: 38417316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been frequently detected with relatively high concentrations in various environmental media and are considered emerging environmental pollutants. However, their biological effect and underlying mechanism is still unclear, and whether chlorinated OPFRs (Cl-OPFRs) cause adverse outcomes with the same molecular initial events or share the same key events (KEs) remains unknown. In this study, in vitro bioassays were conducted to analyze the cytotoxicity, mitochondrial impairment, DNA damage and molecular mechanisms of two Cl-OPFRs. The results showed that these two Cl-OPFRs, which have similar structures, induced severe cellular and molecular damages via different underlying mechanisms. Both tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) (TCPP) induced oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial impairment and DNA damage, as shown by the overproduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide. Furthermore, the DNA damage caused by TCPP resulted in p53/p21-mediated cell cycle arrest, as evidenced by flow cytometry and real-time PCR. At the cellular and molecular levels, TCPP increased the sub-G1 apoptotic peak and upregulated the p53/Bax apoptosis pathway, possibly resulted in apoptosis associated with its stronger cytotoxicity. Although structurally similar to TCPP, TCEP did not induce mitochondrial impairment and DNA damage by the same KEs. These results provide insight into the toxicity of Cl-OPFRs with similar structures but different mechanisms, which is of great significance for constructing adverse outcome pathways or determining intermediate KEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shuhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Xia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Mei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yiping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yingnan Han
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Kamalesh R, Karishma S, Saravanan A. Progress in environmental monitoring and mitigation strategies for herbicides and insecticides: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141421. [PMID: 38360415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Herbicides and insecticides are pervasively applied in agricultural sector to increase the yield by controlling or eliminating bug vermin and weeds. Although, resistance development occurs, direct and indirect impact on human health and ecosystem is clearly visible. Normally, herbicides and pesticides are water soluble in nature; accordingly, it is hard to decrease their deadliness and to dis-appear them from the environment. They are profoundly specific, and considered as poisonous to various peoples in agricultural and industrial work places. In order to substantially reduce the harmful impacts, it is crucial to thoroughly examine the detection and mitigation measures for these compounds. The primary objective of this paper is to provide an overview of various herbicide and pesticide detection techniques and associated remedial techniques. A short summary on occurrence and harmful effects of herbicides/insecticides on ecosystem has been included to the study. The conventional and advanced, rapid techniques for the detection of insecticides and herbicides were described in detail. A detailed overview on several mitigation strategies including advanced oxidation, adsorption, electrochemical process, and bioremediation as well as the mechanism behind the strategic approaches to reduce the effects of growing pesticide pollution has been emphasized. Regardless of the detection techniques and mitigation strategies, the recent advances employed, obstacles, and perspectives have been discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kamalesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - S Karishma
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - A Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India.
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6
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Lee KI, Fang KM, Kuo CY, Huang CF, Liu SH, Liu JM, Lai WC, Chang KC, Su CC, Chen YW. Roles of oxidative stress/JNK/ERK signals in paraquat-triggered hepatic apoptosis. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 6:100155. [PMID: 38379848 PMCID: PMC10877118 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ), a toxic and nonselective bipyridyl herbicide, is one of the most extensively used pesticides in agricultural countries. In addition to pneumotoxicity, the liver is an important target organ for PQ poisoning in humans. However, the mechanism of PQ in hepatotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, we found that exposure of rat hepatic H4IIE cells to PQ (0.1-2 mM) induced significant cytotoxicity and apoptosis, which was accompanied by mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signals, including loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytosolic cytochrome c release, and changes in the Bcl-2/Bax mRNA ratio. Moreover, PQ (0.5 mM) exposure markedly induced JNK and ERK1/2 activation, but not p38-MAPK. Blockade of JNK and ERK1/2 signaling by pretreatment with the specific pharmacological inhibitors SP600125 and PD98059, respectively, effectively prevented PQ-induced cytotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptotic events. Additionally, PQ exposure stimulated significant oxidative stress-related signals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and intracellular glutathione (GSH) depletion, which could be reversed by the antioxidant N-Acetylcysteine (NAC). Buffering the oxidative stress response with NAC also effectively abrogated PQ-induced hepatotoxicity, MMP loss, apoptosis, and phosphorylation of JNK and ERK1/2 protein, however, the JNK or ERK inhibitors did not suppress ROS generation in PQ-treated cells. Collectively, these results demonstrate that PQ exposure induces hepatic cell toxicity and death via an oxidative stress-dependent JNK/ERK activation-mediated downstream mitochondria-regulated apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-I Lee
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Min Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ying Kuo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua County 500, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Fa Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Lai
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua County 500, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Kumar J, Delgado SA, Sarma H, Narayan M. Caffeic acid recarbonization: A green chemistry, sustainable carbon nano material platform to intervene in neurodegeneration induced by emerging contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:116932. [PMID: 37598847 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Environmental agents such as pesticides, weedicides and herbicides (collectively referred to as pesticides) are associated with the onset and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's (AD) diseases. The development of blood-brain barrier (BBB)-penetrating therapeutic candidates to both prevent and treat the aforementioned xenotoxicant-induced neurodegenerative disorders remains an unmet need. Here, we examine whether caffeic-acid based Carbon Quantum Dots (CACQDs) can intervene in pesticide-associated onset and progress of the PD phenotype. Pulse-chase fluorescence analyses revealed that CACQDs intervene in the soluble-to-toxic transformation of the amyloid-forming protein model Hen Egg White Lysozyme (HEWL). The sp2-rich CACQDs also scavenged free radicals, a milestone along the PD trajectory. In-vitro, CACQDs introduced into a human neuroblastoma-derived cell line (SH-SY5Y) demonstrated negligible cytotoxicity up to 5 mg/mL and protected the cell line against oxidative stress-induced neuronal injury induced by the pesticide and potent neurotoxin, paraquat. Our findings suggest that the potentially BBB-penetrating CACQDs derived from caffeic acid hold promise for mitigating neurodegenerative disorders associated with environmental pesticides and xenobiotic neurotoxicants. Importantly, CACQDs sourced from coffee, coupled with their facile synthesis, represent a sustainable, green chemistry platform for generating interventional candidates in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, TX, 79968, United States
| | - Sofia A Delgado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, TX, 79968, United States
| | - Hemen Sarma
- Department of Botany, Bodoland University, Rangalikhata, Deborgaon, Kokrajhar (BTR), Assam, 783370, India.
| | - Mahesh Narayan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, TX, 79968, United States.
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Yang X, Xiao P, Shi X. Molecular mechanism of paraquat-induced ferroptosis leading to pulmonary fibrosis mediated by Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9249-9261. [PMID: 37812357 PMCID: PMC10635988 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a widely used and highly toxic pesticide that is often actively ingested and causes pulmonary fibrosis in patients. Ferroptosis is a regulated form of non-apoptotic cell death associated with iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Previous studies have shown that ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of acute lung injury (ALI). In this study, a model rat with inflammatory response, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and pulmonary fibrosis was successfully established by PQ administration. The occurrence of ferroptosis in PQ model rats was confirmed by TUNEL staining, iron ion detection, and Ferroptosis related biomarkers detection. Western blotting (WB) and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) showed that the expression of Keap1 was significantly up-regulated and the expression of Nrf2 was significantly down-regulated in the lung tissue of PQ rats. Further transcriptomics and proteomics confirmed: (1) Enrichment of molecular processes related to iron ion binding; (2) Keap1 may promote Nrf2 ubiquitination and lead to Nrf2 degradation; (3) There is functional enrichment in ferroptosis related pathways. Our results suggest that PQ can regulate Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, leading to increased lipid peroxidation and abnormal iron uptake, thereby inducing iron death and exacerbating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Our study provides new insights into PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Department of Emergency, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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Khademi N, Rajabi S, Fararouei M, Rafiee A, Azhdarpoor A, Hoseini M. Environmental exposure to organophosphate pesticides and effects on cognitive functions in elementary school children in a Middle Eastern area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:111076-111091. [PMID: 37798522 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the fundamental reasons for cognitive function disorders have been well documented, little is known about the impact of environmental exposures, such as pesticides, on children's cognitive function development. This study investigated the effect of exposure to organophosphate pesticides on children's cognitive function. In order to determine various factors of exposure, hair samples were collected from 114 elementary school children who lived in Boyer-Ahmad County in the province of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Iran. A detailed questionnaire was utilized to gather demographic information and exposure profile. Pesticides were detected in hair samples using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS); also, cognitive function was assessed using the trail-making test (TMT), which was divided into two parts: TMT-part A and TMT-part B. Participants in the study were 10.12 ± 1.440 years old on average. Children in rural areas had higher mean total pesticide concentrations (13.612 ± 22.01 ng/g) than those who lived in the urban areas (1.801 ± 1.32). The results revealed that boys (46.44 s and 92.37 s) completed the TMT-part A and part B tests in less time than girls (54.95 s and 109.82 s), respectively, and showed better performance (2.14) on the cognitive function exam than girls (2.07). Diazinon and TMT-part B were positively correlated (p < 0.05). With the increase in pesticides, there was no discernible difference in cognitive function. Pesticide use throughout a child's development may affect certain cognitive function indicators. In order to assess causal relationships, group studies and case studies are required because the current research was cross-sectional in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Khademi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Rajabi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Fararouei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ata Rafiee
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hoseini
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Hsieh TC, Chiang HC. IMD signaling in the gut and the brain modulates Amyloid-beta-induced deficits in Drosophila. Life Sci 2023; 332:122118. [PMID: 37741318 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Evidence indicates accumulating Aβ peptides in brain activates immune responses in neuronal and peripheral system, which may collaboratively influence pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aim to investigate whether regulating intestinal innate immune signaling ameliorates Aβ-induced impairments in Drosophila melanogaster. MAIN METHODS Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to observe expression changes of innate immune responses related genes in brain and in gut under the circumstance of Aβ overexpressing in nerve system. Aversive olfactory conditioning and survival assay were used to investigate effects of modulating Attacin-A (AttA) and Dpitercin-A (DptA). Fluorometric assays of respiratory burst activity was introduced to explore whether reducing oxidative stress enables overexpressing intestinal AttA and DptA to reverse Aβ-induced deficits. KEY FINDINGS In vivo genetic analysis revealed that accumulating Aβ42 in neurons modulates innate immune signaling of the IMD pathway both in the brain and in the gut. Increased expression levels of the intestinal AttA and DptA improved learning performance and extended the lifespan of Aβ42 flies. The administration of apramycin led to alleviations of Aβ-induced behavioral changes, indicating that gram-negative bacteria are associated with the development of Aβ-induced pathologies. Further analysis showed that the neural expression of Aβ42 increased oxidative stress in the gut, which disrupted intestinal integrity and decreased learning performance. In addition, increased levels of AMPs targeting gram-negative bacteria and antioxidants reduced oxidative stress in the gut and reversed Aβ-induced behavioral damage. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that innate immune responses in the gut play a pivotal role in modulating Aβ-induced pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Chi Hsieh
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Cheng Chiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Wang J, Weng Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Tang J, Lin X, Guo Z, Zheng F, Yu G, Shao W, Hu H, Cai P, Wu S, Li H. The interplay between lncRNA NR_030777 and SF3B3 in neuronal damage caused by paraquat. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114804. [PMID: 36948007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) has been widely acknowledged as an environmental risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the interaction between splicing factor and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in the process of PQ-induced PD has rarely been studied. Based on previous research, this study focused on splicing factor 3 subunit 3 (SF3B3) and lncRNA NR_030777. After changing the target gene expression level by lentiviral transfection technology, the related gene expression was detected by western blot and qRT-PCR. The expression of SF3B3 protein was reduced in Neuro-2a cells after PQ exposure, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetylcysteine prevented this decline. Knockdown of SF3B3 reduced the PQ-triggered NR_030777 expression increase, and overexpression of NR_030777 reduced the transcriptional and translational level of Sf3b3. Then, knockdown of SF3B3 exacerbated the PQ-induced decrease in cell viability and aggravated the reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein expression. Overexpressing SF3B3 reversed the reduction of TH expression caused by PQ. Moreover, after intervention with the autophagy inhibitor Bafilomycin A1, LC3B-II protein expression was further increased in Neuro-2a cells with the knockdown of SF3B3, indicating that autophagy was enhanced. In conclusion, PQ modulated the interplay between NR_030777 and SF3B3 through ROS production, thereby impairing autophagic flux and causing neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiang Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yali Weng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yinhan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jinfu Zhou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jianping Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xinpei Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Zhenkun Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Guangxia Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Wenya Shao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ping Cai
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Siying Wu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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