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Zhong Z, Li Q, Zou X, Ouyang Q, Zhang L, Liu X, Luo Y, Yao D. Effects of the low Fowler's sleep position and methazolamide treatment on sleep bruxism: A randomized controlled trial. J Sleep Res 2024:e14250. [PMID: 38803083 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Intracranial pressure is one of the determinants of sympathetic activities, and sleep bruxism is associated with increased sympathetic activities. This study aimed to investigate effects of the low Fowler's sleep position and methazolamide treatment on the occurrence of rhythmic masticatory muscle activities/sleep bruxism episodes in patients with sleep bruxism in a randomized controlled trial. Polysomnographic recordings were performed on the patients with sleep bruxism sleeping in the low Fowler's (15°-30°) or supine position (n = 11), and with methazolamide or placebo treatment (100 mg, 3-4 hr before bedtime, P.O., n = 9), and changes in sleep variables and heart rate variance during sleep in the low Fowler's position or with methazolamide treatment were determined. Sleep bruxism index, number of masseter muscle electromyographic bursts per hour of sleep, ratio of rhythmic masticatory muscle activities/sleep bruxism duration to the total sleep duration, index of total limb movements, index of limb movements with rhythmic masticatory muscle activities, and number of sleep bruxism clusters per hour of sleep in the low Fowler's position and after methazolamide intake were significantly smaller (p < 0.05-0.001) than those in the supine position and after placebo intake, respectively. The low-frequency heart rate variance powers during non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 2 (N2) in the low Fowler's position and with methazolamide treatment were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those during sleep in the supine position and with placebo treatment, respectively. In conclusion, sleep in the low Fowler's position and methazolamide treatment were associated with significant decreases in the occurrence of rhythmic masticatory muscle activities/sleep bruxism episodes, which might be due to a reduction in intracranial pressure and sympathetic activities mainly during non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zhong
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at Jiangxi, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at Jiangxi, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Zou
- Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ouyang
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at Jiangxi, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at Jiangxi, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinting Liu
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at Jiangxi, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxing Luo
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at Jiangxi, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyuan Yao
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at Jiangxi, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Wang N, Wang C, Chen X, Chen S, Jiang W. Causal effects of dietary habits on COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalisation and severity: a comprehensive Mendelian randomisation study. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1007-1014. [PMID: 37926898 PMCID: PMC10876455 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the causal effect of dietary habits on COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalisation and severity. We used data from a large-scale diet dataset and the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative to estimate causal relationships using Mendelian randomisation. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis. For COVID-19 susceptibility, IVW estimates indicated that milk (OR: 0·82; 95 % CI (0·68, 0·98); P = 0·032), unsalted peanut (OR: 0·53; 95 % CI (0·35, 0·82); P = 0·004), beef (OR: 0·59; 95 % CI (0·41, 0·84); P = 0·004), pork (OR: 0·63; 95 % CI (0·42, 0·93); P = 0·022) and processed meat (OR: 0·76; 95 % CI (0·63, 0·92); P = 0·005) were causally associated with reduced COVID-19 susceptibility, while coffee (OR: 1·23; 95 % CI (1·04, 1·45); P = 0·017) and tea (OR: 1·17; 95 % CI (1·05, 1·31); P = 0·006) were causally associated with increased risk. For COVID-19 hospitalisation, beef (OR: 0·51; 95 % CI (0·26, 0·98); P = 0·042) showed negative correlations, while tea (OR: 1·54; 95 % CI (1·16, 2·04); P = 0·003), dried fruit (OR: 2·08; 95 % CI (1·37, 3·15); P = 0·001) and red wine (OR: 2·35; 95 % CI (1·29, 4·27); P = 0·005) showed positive correlations. For COVID-19 severity, coffee (OR: 2·16; 95 % CI (1·25, 3·76); P = 0·006), dried fruit (OR: 1·98; 95 % CI (1·16, 3·37); P = 0·012) and red wine (OR: 2·84; 95 % CI (1·21, 6·68); P = 0·017) showed an increased risk. These findings were confirmed to be robust through sensitivity analyses. Our findings established a causal relationship between dietary habits and COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalisation and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Congjie Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sai Chen
- Department of General Practice, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong264000, People's Republic of China
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Fulek M, Wieckiewicz M, Szymanska-Chabowska A, Gac P, Poreba R, Markiewicz-Gorka I, Wojakowska A, Mazur G, Martynowicz H. Inflammatory Markers and Sleep Architecture in Sleep Bruxism-A Case-Control Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:687. [PMID: 38337381 PMCID: PMC10856576 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep bruxism (SB) is a common sleep-related movement behavior with a multifaceted etiology and a deficiently understood pathophysiology. A recent hypothesis suggests a link between SB and systemic inflammation. The scope of the study was to determine whether bruxers have altered sleep structure and different levels of inflammatory parameters compared to nonbruxers. Methods: A total of 83 adults underwent full-night polysomnography. The polysomnograms were evaluated using the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) guidelines. Then, the blood samples were obtained from the participants by venipuncture and the analyses were performed. The study group was divided based on bruxism episode index (BEI) into two groups: BEI ≤ 4 and BEI > 4. Results: In comparison with nonbruxers, the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was significantly higher in severe bruxers (7.5 ± 11.08 vs. 3.33 ± 5.75, p < 0.005), as well as the arousal parameters (7.77 ± 4.68 vs. 4.03 ± 2.97, p < 0.001), and the mean oxygen desaturation (3.49 ± 0.69 vs. 3.01 ± 0.67, p < 0.05). Moreover, the differences in sleep architecture and deprivation of the deep sleep phase were observed, the non-REM sleep stage 3 was significantly shorter in severe bruxers (p < 0.03). Differences were also noted in non-REM sleep stage 1 and REM sleep phase. In the investigated group, there were no statistical differences in inflammatory cytokines levels between bruxers and nonbruxers. Conclusions: Sleep bruxism is associated with sleep structure alterations and may be associated with deep sleep phase deprivation. The inflammatory markers are not linearly correlated with the severity of sleep bruxism expressed as BEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Fulek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska St., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.-C.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Mieszko Wieckiewicz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 26 Krakowska St., 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Szymanska-Chabowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska St., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.-C.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Pawel Gac
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (P.G.); (I.M.-G.)
| | - Rafal Poreba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska St., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.-C.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Iwona Markiewicz-Gorka
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (P.G.); (I.M.-G.)
| | - Anna Wojakowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska St., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.-C.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska St., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.-C.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Helena Martynowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska St., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.-C.); (R.P.); (A.W.); (G.M.); (H.M.)
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Gizler M, Pietrzak N, Saczuk K, Lukomska-Szymanska M, Lapinska B. Students' awareness of the bruxism causes, effects and therapies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23708. [PMID: 38205295 PMCID: PMC10776920 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Bruxism is a repetitive activity of the masticatory muscles characterized by clenching or grinding teeth and/or mandibular stiffening. Bruxism manifests itself in two forms: during sleeping and waking. The etiology of bruxism is multifactorial. The treatment of bruxism is mainly based on making the patient aware of the presence of the condition. The aim of the study was to assess knowledge on the causes and the effects of bruxism among Polish students as well as the possible management. Materials and methods The anonymous online survey was conducted among students (aged between 18 and 25 years old) of universities across Poland, using the Google Forms platform. The survey contained questions concerning bruxism causes, effects and therapies. All variants of answers in these questions contained true information about bruxism. Results The study found significant differences in awareness of bruxism among genders in favor of females. The awareness of bruxism among population residing in cities and in villages was comparable (p > 0.05). However, the results should be taken with care due to limited number of students that participated in the study and uneven gender distribution among urban and village residents. Conclusions Within the limitations of the study it can be concluded that the knowledge of bruxism among Polish students is higher in comparison with the findings from the literature, as well as the superiority of women's awareness of bruxism over men. Future studies should be conducted on greater student population, with even distribution of participants among country areas and variety of universities. Significance The findings may indicate the need for further education of male young adults, on bruxism causes, possible effects and therapies to increase their awareness of bruxism and encourage early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gizler
- Faculty of Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Natalia Pietrzak
- Faculty of Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Klara Saczuk
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
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