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Priyadarsani Mandhata C, Ranjan Sahoo C, Nath Padhy R. A comprehensive overview on the role of phytocompounds in human immunodeficiency virus treatment. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023:S2095-4964(23)00040-7. [PMID: 37244763 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a worldwide epidemic caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Newer medicines for eliminating the viral reservoir and eradicating the virus are urgently needed. Attempts to locate relatively safe and non-toxic medications from natural resources are ongoing now. Natural-product-based antiviral candidates have been exploited to a limited extent. However, antiviral research is inadequate to counteract for the resistant patterns. Plant-derived bioactive compounds hold promise as powerful pharmacophore scaffolds, which have shown anti-HIV potential. This review focuses on a consideration of the virus, various possible HIV-controlling methods and the recent progress in alternative natural compounds with anti-HIV activity, with a particular emphasis on recent results from natural sources of anti-HIV agents. Please cite this article as: Mandhata CP, Sahoo CR, Padhy RN. A comprehensive overview on the role of phytocompounds in human immunodeficiency virus treatment. J Integr Med. 2023; Epub ahead of print.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmayee Priyadarsani Mandhata
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India
| | - Chita Ranjan Sahoo
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India
| | - Rabindra Nath Padhy
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India.
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de Sousa ALM, Rizaldo Pinheiro R, Furtado Araujo J, Mesquita Peixoto R, de Azevedo DAA, Cesar Lima AM, Marques Canuto K, Vasconcelos Ribeiro PR, de Queiroz Souza AS, Rocha Souza SC, de Amorim SL, Paula Amaral G, de Souza V, de Morais SM, Andrioli A, da Silva Teixeira MF. In vitro antiviral effect of ethanolic extracts from Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach against goat lentivirus in colostrum and milk. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4677. [PMID: 36949145 PMCID: PMC10031174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31455-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the use of leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica (A. indica) and Melia azedarach (M. azedarach) as antivirals against caprine lentivirus (CLV) in colostrum and milk of goat nannies. These were collected from eight individuals and infected with the standard strain of CLV. Samples were then subdivided into aliquots and treated with 150 µg/mL of crude extract, and with ethyl acetate and methanol fractions for 30, 60, and 90 min. Next, somatic cells from colostrum and milk were co-cultured with cells from the ovine third eyelid. After this step, viral titers of the supernatants collected from treatments with greater efficacy in co-culture were assessed. The organic ethyl acetate fractions of both plants at 90 min possibly inhibited the viral activity of CLV by up to a thousandfold in colostrum. In milk, this inhibition was up to 800 times for the respective Meliaceae. In conclusion, the ethanolic fraction of ethyl acetate from both plants demonstrated efficacy against CLV in samples from colostrum and milk when subjected to treatment, which was more effective in colostrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lidia Madeira de Sousa
- Laboratory of Virology (LABOVIR), State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
- Faculdade Educar da Ibiapaba, Ípu, CE, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Renato Mesquita Peixoto
- Vale do Salgado University Center (UNIVS), Icó, CE, Brazil
- Terra Nordeste College (FATENE), Caucaia, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Milena Cesar Lima
- Scholarship for Regional Scientific Development of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (DCR-CNPq/FUNCAP), Level C, Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Kirley Marques Canuto
- Multiuser Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Sara Lucena de Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rondônia, Rolim de Moura, RO, Brazil
| | | | - Viviane de Souza
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Selene Maia de Morais
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Natural Products (LQPN), Ceará State University, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alice Andrioli
- Laboratory of Virology, Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Sobral, CE, Brazil
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Chaparro-Hernández I, Rodríguez-Ramírez J, Barriada-Bernal LG, Méndez-Lagunas L. Tree ferns (Cyatheaceae) as a source of phenolic compounds – A review. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
Africa is counted amongst the cosmetic market contributors; however, South Africa’s remarkable plant diversity is still largely untapped in terms of its potential for medicinal and cosmetic purposes. Thus, we aim to provide a critical assessment of the advancements made in South African cosmeceuticals with emphasis towards online local companies/brands that are manufactured by small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs). For the current study, we limited our search of herbal cosmeceutical products to SMMEs with online websites, or products traded in other online cosmetic directories such as ‘Faithful to Nature’ and ‘African Botanicals’ using a simple Google search. We recorded more than 50 South African SMME companies/brands involved in the trade of cosmeceuticals. Skin and hair care were the major product categories widely traded in these online platforms. Furthermore, few patents were recorded from South African researchers and institutions thereof, which is quite alarming considering the extensive research that has been undertaken to study these commercially valuable plants. Based on the increasing number of new products and the wide pool of economically important plants coupled to their associated rich indigenous knowledge systems, the cosmeceutical sector can contribute to the economy, job creation, entrepreneurship skills, socio-economic development and intellectual property generation.
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de Jesus MSM, Macabeo APG, Ramos JDA, de Leon VNO, Asamitsu K, Okamoto T. Voacanga globosa Spirobisindole Alkaloids Exert Antiviral Activity in HIV Latently Infected Cell Lines by Targeting the NF-kB Cascade: In Vitro and In Silico Investigations. Molecules 2022; 27:1078. [PMID: 35164343 PMCID: PMC8840767 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the efficiency in the transcription of the HIV genome contributes to the success of viral replication and infectivity, we investigated the downregulating effects of the spirobisindole alkaloids globospiramine (1), deoxyvobtusine (2), and vobtusine lactone (3) from the endemic Philippine medicinal plant, Voacanga globosa, during HIV gene transcription. Alkaloids 1-3 were explored for their inhibitory activity on TNF-α-induced viral replication in two latently HIV-infected cell lines, OM10.1 and J-Lat. The induction of HIV replication from OM10.1 and J-Lat cells elicited by TNF-α was blocked by globospiramine (1) within noncytotoxic concentrations. Furthermore, globospiramine (1) was found to target the NF-ĸB activation cascade in a dose-dependent manner when the transcriptional step at which inhibitory activity is exerted was examined in TNF-α-induced 293 human cells using transient reporter (luciferase) gene expression systems (HIV LTR-luc, ĸB-luc, and mutant ĸB-luc). Interrogation through molecular docking against the NF-ĸB p50/p65 heterodimer and target sites of the subunits comprising the IKK complex revealed high binding affinities of globospiramine (1) against the S281 pocket of the p65 subunit (BE = -9.2 kcal/mol) and the IKKα activation loop (BE = -9.1 kcal/mol). These findings suggest globospiramine (1) as a molecular inspiration to discover new alkaloid-based anti-HIV derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma. Sheila M. de Jesus
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
| | - Allan Patrick G. Macabeo
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
| | - John Donnie A. Ramos
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Laboratory, Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
| | - Von Novi O. de Leon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
| | - Kaori Asamitsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 4678601, Japan; (K.A.); (T.O.)
| | - Takashi Okamoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 4678601, Japan; (K.A.); (T.O.)
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Attah AF, Fagbemi AA, Olubiyi O, Dada-Adegbola H, Oluwadotun A, Elujoba A, Babalola CP. Therapeutic Potentials of Antiviral Plants Used in Traditional African Medicine With COVID-19 in Focus: A Nigerian Perspective. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:596855. [PMID: 33981214 PMCID: PMC8108136 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.596855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by an infectious novel strain of coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was earlier referred to as 2019-nCoV. The respiratory disease is the most consequential global public health crisis of the 21st century whose level of negative impact increasingly experienced globally has not been recorded since World War II. Up till now, there has been no specific globally authorized antiviral drug, vaccines, supplement or herbal remedy available for the treatment of this lethal disease except preventive measures, supportive care and non-specific treatment options adopted in different countries via divergent approaches to halt the pandemic. However, many of these interventions have been documented to show some level of success particularly the Traditional Chinese Medicine while there is paucity of well reported studies on the impact of the widely embraced Traditional African Medicines (TAM) adopted so far for the prevention, management and treatment of COVID-19. We carried out a detailed review of publicly available data, information and claims on the potentials of indigenous plants used in Sub-Saharan Africa as antiviral remedies with potentials for the prevention and management of COVID-19. In this review, we have provided a holistic report on evidence-based antiviral and promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties of African medicinal plants based on in silico evidence, in vitro assays and in vivo experiments alongside the available data on their mechanistic pharmacology. In addition, we have unveiled knowledge gaps, provided an update on the effort of African Scientific community toward demystifying the dreadful SARS-CoV-2 micro-enemy of man and have documented popular anti-COVID-19 herbal claims emanating from the continent for the management of COVID-19 while the risk potentials of herb-drug interaction of antiviral phytomedicines when used in combination with orthodox drugs have also been highlighted. This review exercise may lend enough credence to the potential value of African medicinal plants as possible leads in anti-COVID-19 drug discovery through research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Francis Attah
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Adeshola Adebayo Fagbemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olujide Olubiyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Hannah Dada-Adegbola
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Anthony Elujoba
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Chinedum Peace Babalola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Centre for Drug Discovery, Development and Production, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chrisland University, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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Wound Healing Effects of Aloe muth-muth: In Vitro Investigations Using Immortalized Human Keratinocytes (HaCaT). BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110350. [PMID: 33113882 PMCID: PMC7690640 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The traditional use of Aloe spp. for the purpose of wound healing has a long history and is widespread internationally. Recently, a hybrid aloe plant (Aloe muth-muth) has been cultivated by cross pollination between Aloe vera and Aloe ferox. The Aloe muth-muth plant has not yet been investigated for medicinal properties and provides an opportunity for potential biological activity, including wound healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro wound healing effects of both Aloe muth-muth gel and whole leaf material with the use of the immortalized human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line. Cell viability was conducted using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays. In vitro wound healing was tested on HaCaT cells using an established scratch assay method. The effect of Aloe muth-muth gel material on HaCaT cell migration was also investigated. Aloe muth-muth gel material exhibited statistically significantly (p < 0.05) higher percentage wound closure compared to the control at all three concentrations investigated. These findings confirm that this newly cultivated species, Aloe muth-muth, also possesses wound healing activity corresponding to that reported for the two species it is derived from, namely, Aloe vera and Aloe ferox. Therefore, Aloe muth-muth has the potential to be used in future wound therapeutics.
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Bodede O, Prinsloo G. Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological significance of the genus Bulbine (Asphodelaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:112986. [PMID: 32492493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Bulbine (Asphodelaceae) is spread across Southern Africa and Australia and has been traditionally used for various medicinal applications such as treating skin diseases, burns, diarrhoea, and sexually transmitted diseases. AIM OF THIS REVIEW The aim is to present a critical review of the ethnomedicinally important species of the genus Bulbine with a comprehensive overview of their chemical constituents and biological activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS This paper is an overview of literature published on the genus Bulbine in the last six decades with regards to phytochemical composition and their respective pharmacological potentials with the aid of data obtained from the search engine Google Scholar with string searches performed using keywords to obtain relevant publications from scientific databases including ACS Journals, PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO, Sci Finder, Springer, Tailor & Francis, The Plant List Database, Web of Science and Wiley. RESULTS The literature survey reveals that only 12 species in the genus Bulbine have been reported to be used traditionally with scientific records of ethnomedicinal usage Anthraquinones appeared as the most abundant phytochemicals in the genus. Other isolated/detected metabolites include isofuranonaphthoquinones, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. Promising pharmacological activities have been reported by members of the genus with antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activity, potent wound healing properties as well as improved reproduction. CONCLUSIONS This review showed the traditional uses of this genus and its preventative and curative properties in the management of the listed diseases providing support from bioassays of the tested compounds and extracts. State-of-the-art analytical techniques are required for the characterisation and quantification of the compounds within the genus. The efficacy of the therapeutic potential of the Bulbine species need to be further confirmed with pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusola Bodede
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Florida, 1710, South Africa.
| | - Gerhard Prinsloo
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Florida, 1710, South Africa.
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Kushwaha PP, Vardhan PS, Kapewangolo P, Shuaib M, Prajapati SK, Singh AK, Kumar S. Bulbine frutescens phytochemical inhibits notch signaling pathway and induces apoptosis in triple negative and luminal breast cancer cells. Life Sci 2019; 234:116783. [PMID: 31442552 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is the most commonly diagnosed lethal cancer in women worldwide. Notch signaling pathway is directly linked to BCa recurrence and aggressiveness. Natural remedies are becoming a prime choice to overcome against cancer due to lesser side effect and cost-effectiveness. Bulbine frutescens (Asphodelaceae), a traditional medicinal plant in South Africa possess bioactive flavonoids and terpenoids. Polar (methanol) and non-polar (hexane) B. frutescens plant extracts were prepared. GC-MS analysis revealed the differential presence of secondary metabolites in both methanolic and hexane extracts. We hereby first time evaluated the anticancer potential of B. frutescens methanolic and hexane extract in triple-negative and luminal BCa cells. B. frutescens extracts significantly decreased cell viability (IC50 4.8-28.4 μg/ml) and induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase in MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells as confirmed by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry technique. RT-PCR analysis of cell cycle (cyclin D1, CDK4, and p21) and apoptosis modulating genes (caspase 3, Bcl2 and survivin) revealed upexpression of p21, and caspase 3, and down expression of cyclin D1, CDK4, Bcl2 and survivin genes in extract-treated BCa cells. Fluorescence spectrophotometry and confocal microscopy showed B. frutescens induced nuclear morphology and mitochondrial integrity disruption, and increased reactive oxygen species production in MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells. Flow cytometric apoptosis analysis of B. frutescens extracts treated MDA-MB-231 cells showed ≈13% increase in early apoptotic population in comparison to non-treated cells. Dual-Luciferase Reporter assay confirmed notch promoter inhibitory activity of B. frutescens extracts. Moreover, RTPCR analysis showed down regulation of notch responsive genes (Hes1 and Hey1) at transcription levels in extract-treated BCa cells. Western Blot analysis showed increased procaspase 3 protein expression in extract-treated BCa cells. In all the assays methanolic extract showed better anti-cancer properties. Literature-based identification of methanol soluble phytochemicals in B. frutescens and in silico docking study revealed Bulbineloneside D as a potent ϒ-secretase enzyme inhibitor. In comparison to standard notch inhibitor, lead phytochemical showed two additional hydrophobic interactions with Ala80 and Leu81 amino acids. In conclusion, B. frutescens phytochemicals have cell cycle arrest, ROS production, apoptosis induction, and mitochondria membrane potential disruption efficacy in breast cancer cells. B. frutescens phytochemicals have the ability to downregulate the notch signaling pathway in triple-negative and luminal breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Prakash Kushwaha
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Pothabathula Sheshu Vardhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Petrina Kapewangolo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Namibia, P/Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Mohammad Shuaib
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Sunita Kumari Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India.
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Chinsembu KC. Chemical diversity and activity profiles of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors from plants. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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