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Damigou E, Chrysohoou C, Vafia C, Barkas F, Kravvariti E, Vlachopoulou E, Kyrili K, Tsioufis C, Pitsavos C, Liberopoulos E, Sfikakis PP, Panagiotakos D. Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Disease: The Moderating Role of Adequate Sleep-Results from the ATTICA Cohort Study (2002-2022). Nutrients 2023; 16:12. [PMID: 38201842 PMCID: PMC10780793 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between diet, sleep duration and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been well understood. The aim of the present study was to test the potential modifying role of sleep duration in the association between adherence to the Mediterranean-type diet (MD) and CVD risk. The study consisted of n = 313 initially free-of-CVD adults, from the ATTICA cohort study (2002-2022), with available information on sleep habits. Sleep habits were categorized as inadequate and adequate sleep duration (< or ≥7 h/day, respectively). In multi-adjusted analysis, MD adherence was inversely associated with CVD risk [Hazard Ratio-HR per 1/55 in MedDietScore: 0.80, 95% Confidence Interval-CI: 0.65, 0.98]. A significant interaction between sleep duration and MedDietScore was observed (p < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, the protective association between MD adherence and CVD risk was found only in participants who slept adequately, i.e., >7 h/day [HR:0.80, 95%CI: 0.65, 0.98]. Those who had a high adherence to the MD along with adequate sleep habits, had a 70% reduced 20-year CVD risk [HR:0.30, 95%CI: 0.11, 0.80], compared to those who had a low MD adherence and inadequate sleep habits. Sleep duration should be a part of an individual's lifestyle, together with dietary and other habits, to effectively evaluate CVD risk for future events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Damigou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.D.)
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Vafia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.D.)
| | - Fotios Barkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evrydiki Kravvariti
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Elpiniki Vlachopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.D.)
| | - Konstantina Kyrili
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Liberopoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros P. Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.D.)
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Scorza FA, Fiorini AC, Lima CCD, Camilo N, Magro EP, Guimarães L, Pavanelli C, Finsterer J, Almeida ACGD, Fonseca MCM, Fujita RR, de Barros TL, Scorza MMC, Moret MA, Teixeira-Machado L, Arida RM. Medical research: Are e-Sports really sports? Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2023; 78:100190. [PMID: 37011457 PMCID: PMC10757292 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio A Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana C Fiorini
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduado em Fonoaudiologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila C de Lima
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduado em Fonoaudiologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nilton Camilo
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliana P Magro
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Liliane Guimarães
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Antônio-Carlos G de Almeida
- Laboratório de Neurociência Experimental e Computacional, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C M Fonseca
- Departamento de Ginecologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Reginado R Fujita
- Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Turibio L de Barros
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil; Physio Science, USA
| | - Miguel M C Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Moret
- SENAI-Cimatec, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra (DCET), Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo M Arida
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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The eSports Medicine: Pre-Participation Screening and Injuries Management-An Update. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:sports11020034. [PMID: 36828319 PMCID: PMC9966106 DOI: 10.3390/sports11020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, electronic sports (eSports) became one of the growing forms of new media due to the wide diffusion of games and online technologies. Even if there is still a debate about the definition and characterization of eSports, eAthletes train heavily, compete in tournaments, must abide by competition, association, and governing body rules, just like all other athletes. Furthermore, as in any other competitive discipline, there can be injuries. Aberrant sitting posture, repetitive movements, screen vision, prolonged playing hours, and a sedentary lifestyle can lead to several medical hazards in musculoskeletal, ophthalmology, neurological, and metabolic systems. Moreover, several cardiovascular changes occur in eAthletes. This paper aims to explore the different injuries that can occur in a professional eAthlete, suggesting how every high-level gamer could benefit from a pre-participation evaluation and a correct injury prevention strategy.
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Shen Y, Cicchella A. Health Consequences of Intensive E-Gaming: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1968. [PMID: 36767334 PMCID: PMC9915906 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to examine the links among the different factors that determine harmful or even deadly events in professional and semiprofessional intensive Esports players. Cases of serious injuries or even death in young (<35 years old) male professional Esports players are reported every year. Fatalities and injuries in professional Esports players (PEGS) have only affected male players, and these events have mostly been concentrated in Asia. Studies in the literature have reported several causes and mechanisms of injuries. Links between injuries and previous comorbidities have emerged from the extant literature; obesity and/or metabolic disorders, seizures (associated with overstimulation of the eyes), heart malfunctions, high basal and abrupt increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP), prolonged stress, and poor posture have been associated with injuries. Several clinical signs have been identified and the question emerges whether or not self-regulation by Esports associations or public health authorities is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhao Shen
- International College of Football, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Antonio Cicchella
- International College of Football, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Department for Quality-of-Life Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
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Kulecka M, Fraczek B, Balabas A, Czarnowski P, Zeber-Lubecka N, Zapala B, Baginska K, Glowienka M, Szot M, Skorko M, Kluska A, Piatkowska M, Mikula M, Ostrowski J. Characteristics of the gut microbiome in esports players compared with those in physical education students and professional athletes. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1092846. [PMID: 36726816 PMCID: PMC9884692 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1092846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Esports is a category of competitive video games that, in many aspects, may be similar to traditional sports; however, the gut microbiota composition of players has not been yet studied. Materials and methods Here, we investigated the composition and function of the gut microbiota, as well as short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and amino acids, in a group of 109 well-characterized Polish male esports players. The results were compared with two reference groups: 25 endurance athletes and 36 healthy students of physical education. DNA and metabolites isolated from fecal samples were analyzed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and mass spectrometry, respectively. Physical activity and nutritional measures were evaluated by questionnaire. Results Although anthropometric, physical activity and nutritional measures differentiated esports players from students, there were no differences in bacterial diversity, the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, the composition of enterotype clusters, metagenome functional content, or SCFA concentrations. However, there were significant differences between esports players and students with respect to nine bacterial species and nine amino acids. By contrast, all of the above-mentioned measures differentiated professional athletes from esports players and students, with 45 bacteria differentiating professional athletes from the former and 31 from the latter. The only species differentiating all three experimental groups was Parabacteroides distasonis, showing the lowest and highest abundance in esports players and athletes, respectively. Conclusion Our study confirms the marked impact of intense exercise training on gut microbial structure and function. Differences in lifestyle and dietary habits between esports players and physical education students appear to not have a major effect on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kulecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Fraczek
- Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Balabas
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Czarnowski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Zeber-Lubecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Zapala
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Baginska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Glowienka
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Szot
- Department of Sports Dietetics, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciek Skorko
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kluska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Piatkowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Mikula
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland,*Correspondence: Jerzy Ostrowski ✉
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