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Ettang E, Yogeswaran P, Adeniyi OV. Assessing nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards promoting female condom use in South African primary healthcare clinics. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:35. [PMID: 38183015 PMCID: PMC10770987 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female condoms protect against unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV; however, their uptake is very low in South Africa. Nurses are frontline healthcare workers and are uniquely positioned to promote their use to their clients. This study assesses nurses' knowledge of, attitudes to, and practices regarding the promotion of female condoms at selected primary healthcare facilities in the King Sabata Dalindyebo sub-district of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2021 at five community health centres in the King Sabata Dalindyebo sub-district, South Africa. A total of 139 nurses completed a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics. RESULTS The majority of the participants (82.7%) were knowledgeable about the female condom. Some participants did not have a good attitude and willingness to promote female condom use to their clients. Junior nurses (enrolled nursing assistants and newly qualified professional nurses) were less knowledgeable about the female condom than more qualified and older nurses. There was no significant association between level of knowledge and attitude or willingness to promote the use of the female condom. CONCLUSION This study found good knowledge of the female condom among the nurses; however, the knowledge did not translate into a willingness to promote the device at their health facilities. Capacity building of the junior nurses will fill the knowledge gaps identified. Studies exploring the sociocultural issues around the female condom are needed in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enwongo Ettang
- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Parimalaranie Yogeswaran
- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Oladele Vincent Adeniyi
- Department of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
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Moeti T, Mokhele T, Weir-Smith G, Dlamini S, Tesfamicheal S. Factors Affecting Access to Public Healthcare Facilities in the City of Tshwane, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3651. [PMID: 36834345 PMCID: PMC9958907 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Access to healthcare services is largely determined by socioeconomic factors, with economically well-off individuals obtaining healthcare services more efficiently than those who are disadvantaged. This paper aims to assess the effects of socioeconomic and other related factors on access to healthcare facilities in the City of Tshwane, South Africa, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were sourced from the Gauteng City-Region Observatory (GCRO) quality of life survey (2020/2021). Multivariate logistic regression was applied. Results showed that 66.3% of the respondents reported that they had access to public healthcare facilities within their area. Furthermore, results showed that those who lived in informal houses were significantly (OR = 0.55, 95% CI [0.37-0.80], p < 0.01) less likely to report that they had access to public healthcare facilities in their area compared to those who lived in formal houses. More efforts need to be undertaken to ensure that all citizens have access to public healthcare facilities, especially among those who are disadvantaged, such as informal dwellers. In addition, future research should encompass locality in relation to the factors that affect access to public healthcare facilities, especially during pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to have geographically targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabiso Moeti
- Geospatial Analytics, eResearch Knowledge Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Tholang Mokhele
- Geospatial Analytics, eResearch Knowledge Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Gina Weir-Smith
- Geospatial Analytics, eResearch Knowledge Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, Wits University, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Simangele Dlamini
- Geospatial Analytics, eResearch Knowledge Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Solomon Tesfamicheal
- Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
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Ellison GT, Mattes RB, Rhoma H, de Wet T. Economic vulnerability and poor service delivery made it more difficult for shack-dwellers to comply with COVID-19 restrictions. S AFR J SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.17159/sajs.2022/13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In South Africa, demand for housing close to viable/sustained sources of employment has far outstripped supply; and the size of the population living in temporary structures/shacks (and in poorly serviced informal settlements) has continued to increase. While such dwellings and settlements pose a number of established risks to the health of their residents, the present study aimed to explore whether they might also undermine the potential impact of regulations intended to safeguard public health, such as the stringent lockdown restrictions imposed to curb the spread of COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021. Using a representative sample of 1381 South African households surveyed in May–June 2021, the present study found that respondents in temporary structures/shacks were more likely to report non-compliance (or difficulty in complying) with lockdown restrictions when compared to those living in traditional/formal houses/ flats/rooms/hostels (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.45). However, this finding was substantially attenuated and lost precision following adjustment for preceding socio-demographic and economic determinants of housing quality (adjusted OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.78, 1.87). Instead, respondents were far more likely to report non-compliance (or difficulty in complying) with COVID-19 lockdown restrictions if their dwellings lacked private/indoor toilet facilities (adjusted OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.22) or if they were ‘Black/ African’, young, poorly educated and under-employed (regardless of their socio-economic position, or whether they resided in temporary structures/shacks, respectively). Restrictions imposed to safeguard public health need to be more sensitively designed to accommodate the critical roles that poverty and inadequate service delivery play in limiting the ability of residents living in temporary structures/shacks and inadequately serviced dwellings/settlements to comply.
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Affiliation(s)
- George T.H. Ellison
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Academic Development and Support, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Robert B. Mattes
- Institute for Democracy, Citizenship and Public Policy in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Government and Public Policy, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hanan Rhoma
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Thea de Wet
- Academic Development and Support, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Park JE, Kibe P, Yeboah G, Oyebode O, Harris B, Ajisola MM, Griffiths F, Aujla N, Gill P, Lilford RJ, Chen YF. Factors associated with accessing and utilisation of healthcare and provision of health services for residents of slums in low and middle-income countries: a scoping review of recent literature. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055415. [PMID: 35613790 PMCID: PMC9125718 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with accessing and utilisation of healthcare and provision of health services in slums. DESIGN A scoping review incorporating a conceptual framework for configuring reported factors. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched from their inception to December 2021 using slum-related terms. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Empirical studies of all designs reporting relevant factors in slums in low and middle-income countries. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Studies were categorised and data were charted according to a preliminary conceptual framework refined by emerging findings. Results were tabulated and narratively summarised. RESULTS Of the 15 469 records retrieved from all years, 4368 records dated between 2016 and 2021 were screened by two independent reviewers and 111 studies were included. The majority (63 studies, 57%) were conducted in Asia, predominantly in India. In total, 104 studies examined healthcare access and utilisation from slum residents' perspective while only 10 studies explored provision of health services from providers/planners' perspective (three studies included both). A multitude of factors are associated with accessing, using and providing healthcare in slums, including recent migration to slums; knowledge, perception and past experience of illness, healthcare needs and health services; financial constraint and competing priorities between health and making a living; lacking social support; unfavourable physical environment and locality; sociocultural expectations and stigma; lack of official recognition; and existing problems in the health system. CONCLUSION The scoping review identified a significant body of recent literature reporting factors associated with accessing, utilisation and provision of healthcare services in slums. We classified the diverse factors under seven broad categories. The findings can inform a holistic approach to improving health services in slums by tackling barriers at different levels, taking into account local context and geospatial features of individual slums. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: https://osf.io/694t2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Park
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter Kibe
- Health and Systems for Health, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Godwin Yeboah
- Information and Digital Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Bronwyn Harris
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Frances Griffiths
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Health Policy, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg-Braamfontein, South Africa
| | - Navneet Aujla
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paramjit Gill
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Richard J Lilford
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yen-Fu Chen
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Habedi D. Healthcare workers' perspectives on availability and accessibility of the prevention of mother-to-child-transmission programme in North West province, South Africa. AJAR-AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AIDS RESEARCH 2020; 19:24-33. [PMID: 32200723 DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2019.1676803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Despite the availability of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) services, many factors and reasons prevent mothers from accessing these services. HIV prevalence is still high among South African women of reproductive age and mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) is a concern. This study ascertained the perspectives of healthcare workers regarding availability and accessibility of the PMTCT programme.Objective: To explore and describe the perspectives of healthcare workers regarding availability and accessibility of the PMTCT programme.Method: Qualitative research with exploratory-descriptive design was utilised. Data were collected from 21 healthcare workers using three focus-group discussions. The participants were selected based on rendering the PMTCT programme services for more than two years. Moreover, the participants had undergone training, formal education and continuous support on the PMTCT programme. Three large clinics were selected as the main clusters of the sub-district. Tesch's method was used to analyse the qualitative data.Results: Healthcare workers indicated ineffective utilisation of the PMTCT programme services by HIV-positive pregnant women. Most women had challenges with child feeding owing to limited knowledge. Another challenge indicated by healthcare workers was lack of resources. It is important that recommendations be implemented to assist with availability and accessibility of the PMTCT programme.Conclusion: Availability and accessibility of PMTCT programme services are still problematic. The study has the potential to inform development of strategies that may facilitate access to care for PMTCT programme clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Habedi
- Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
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Cheema E, Abbas A, Al-Hamid A. Healthcare-related factors affecting the management of HIV infected patients: a systematic review of qualitative evidence. Int J STD AIDS 2019; 30:1350-1361. [PMID: 31739748 DOI: 10.1177/0956462419875357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major health concern that is associated with high mortality and socioeconomic burden on both patients and healthcare authorities. This systematic review aimed to qualitatively explore the healthcare-related factors influencing the management of HIV in adult patients. Seven online databases (PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, CINAHL, PsycInfo, PsycExtra, and International Pharmaceutical Abstract) were searched. Articles published in English language between September 2000 and September 2018 were eligible for inclusion. Quality assessment tool developed by the EPPI-Centre was used to assess the quality of the included studies. A cross-case thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo 10. A total of 30 studies were included in the review. The qualitative analysis identified four major themes influencing the management of HIV: awareness of healthcare professionals (HCPs), attitudes of HCPs, lack of healthcare infrastructure, and stigma associated with HIV. The findings of this review suggest that people living with HIV are at an increased risk of experiencing poor disease management due to various healthcare-related factors. HCPs and policy makers should acknowledge the presence of these factors with the aim of providing quality care to people living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejaz Cheema
- School of Pharmacy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Asraa Abbas
- School of Pharmacy, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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