1
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Weng N, Miller M, Pham AK, Komor AC, Broide DH. Single-base editing of rs12603332 on chromosome 17q21 with a cytosine base editor regulates ORMDL3 and ATF6α expression. Allergy 2022; 77:1139-1149. [PMID: 34525218 DOI: 10.1111/all.15092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic association studies have demonstrated that the SNP rs12603332 located on chromosome 17q21 is highly associated with the risk of the development of asthma. METHODS To determine whether SNP rs1260332 is functional in regulating levels of ORMDL3 expression, we used a Cytosine Base Editor (CBE) plasmid DNA or a CBE mRNA to edit the rs12603332 C risk allele to the T non-risk allele in a human lymphocyte cell line (i.e., Jurkat cells) and in primary human CD4 T cells that carry the C risk alleles. RESULTS Jurkat cells with the rs12603332 C risk allele expressed significantly higher levels of ORMDL3 mRNA, as well as the ORMDL3 regulated gene ATF6α as assessed by qPCR compared to Jurkat clones with the T non-risk allele. In primary human CD4 T cells, we edited 90 ± 3% of the rs12603332-C risk allele to the T non-risk allele and observed a reduction in ORMDL3 and ATF6α expression. Bioinformatic analysis predicted that the non-risk allele rs12603332-T could be the central element of the E-box binding motif (CANNTG) recognized by the E47 transcription factor. An EMSA assay confirmed the bioinformatics prediction demonstrating that a rs12603332-T containing probe bound to the transcription factor E47 in vitro. CONCLUSIONS SNP rs12603332 is functional in regulating the expression of ORMDL3 as well as ORMDL3 regulated gene ATF6α expression. In addition, we demonstrate the use of CBE technology in functionally interrogating asthma-associated SNPs using studies of primary human CD4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Weng
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Marina Miller
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Alexa K. Pham
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Alexis C. Komor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - David H. Broide
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
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2
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Ziani M, Henry AP, Hall IP. Association study between asthma and single nucleotide polymorphisms of ORMDL3, GSDMB, and IL1RL1 genes in an Algerian population. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Genetic variation has a key role in the development of asthma, but genetic influences may vary between different populations. In this study, we looked for evidence of association of key asthma SNPs, namely, rs1420101 and rs10192157 within the IL1RL1 gene, rs2305480 in GSDMB gene, and the rs3744246 polymorphism in the ORMDL3 gene, in the Algerian population. We included 266 unrelated subjects of an Algerian population in a case-control study, with 125 adult asthmatic and 141 healthy controls. DNA was extracted and genotypes determined by the Taqman PCR technique for characterization of the different genetic variants.
Results
The results show that there were no significant differences in allele frequencies for 3 of the chosen SNPs in the ORMDL3, GSDMB, and IL1RL1 genes between the asthmatic and control groups with respective P values of 0.922, 0.331, and 0.937. However the T allele of rs10192157 of the IL1RL1gene was associated with protection from asthma (P value=0.010).
Conclusion
These results indicate that there is no marked effect of rs3744246, rs2305480, and rs1420101 polymorphisms of the ORMDL3, GSDMB, and IL1RL1 genes on asthma risk in the Algerian population. However, a protective effect of the rs10192157 polymorphism of the IL1RL1 gene was found.
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3
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Langwinski W, Sobkowiak P, Narozna B, Wojsyk-Banaszak I, Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Stachowiak Z, Nowakowska J, Bręborowicz A, Szczepankiewicz A. Association of circadian clock TIMELESS variants and expression with asthma risk in children. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2020; 14:1191-1200. [PMID: 32790948 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation, allergen-induced hypersensitivity and dyspnea. Most asthmatic patients demonstrate oscillations of disease symptoms within 24 hours regulated by circadian clock genes. We hypothesized that these genes may be regulators of childhood asthma risk. OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the circadian clock genes are associated with childhood asthma risk. We also aimed to analyze the mRNA level of clock genes in the blood of asthmatic children and NHBE cells stimulated with IL-13. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood was collected from 165 asthmatic and 138 healthy Polish children. NHBE cells were culture at the air-liquid interface (ALI) with IL-13 as an in vitro model of allergic inflammation. Using TaqMan probes, we genotyped 32 SNPs in: CLOCK, BMAL1, PER3 and TIMELESS. Expression analysis for TIMELESS was performed using real-time PCR with SYBR Green. For haplotype and genotype statistical analysis we used Haploview 4.2 and STATISTICA version 12, respectively. Gene expression analysis was performed in DataAssist v3.01. RESULTS We found that three polymorphisms in TIMELESS (rs2291739, rs10876890, rs11171856) and two haplotypes (TTTT and CTAC) were associated with asthma risk. We also found significantly decreased expression of TIMELESS in the blood of asthmatic children as compared to the healthy children (P = 0.0289) and in NHBE cells stimulated with IL-13 (P = 0.0302). CONCLUSIONS In our study, we showed for the first time that TIMELESS variants and expression may be associated with childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Langwinski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Sobkowiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Narozna
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Irena Wojsyk-Banaszak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Zuzanna Stachowiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Nowakowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Bręborowicz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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4
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Kanagaratham C, Chiwara V, Ho B, Moussette S, Youssef M, Venuto D, Jeannotte L, Bourque G, de Sanctis JB, Radzioch D, Naumova AK. Loss of the zona pellucida-binding protein 2 (Zpbp2) gene in mice impacts airway hypersensitivity and lung lipid metabolism in a sex-dependent fashion. Mamm Genome 2018. [PMID: 29536159 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The human chromosomal region 17q12-q21 is one of the best replicated genome-wide association study loci for childhood asthma. The associated SNPs span a large genomic interval that includes several protein-coding genes. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the zona pellucida-binding protein 2 (ZPBP2) gene residing in this region contributes to asthma pathogenesis using a mouse model. We tested the lung phenotypes of knock-out (KO) mice that carry a deletion of the Zpbp2 gene. The deletion attenuated airway hypersensitivity (AHR) in female, but not male, mice in the absence of allergic sensitization. Analysis of the lipid profiles of their lungs showed that female, but not male, KO mice had significantly lower levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), very long-chain ceramides (VLCCs), and higher levels of long-chain ceramides compared to wild-type controls. Furthermore, in females, lung resistance following methacholine challenge correlated with lung S1P levels (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.57) suggesting a link between reduced AHR in KO females, Zpbp2 deletion, and S1P level regulation. In livers, spleens and blood plasma, however, VLCC, S1P, and sphingosine levels were reduced in both KO females and males. We also find that the Zpbp2 deletion was associated with gain of methylation in the adjacent DNA regions. Thus, we demonstrate that the mouse ortholog of ZPBP2 has a role in controlling AHR in female mice. Our data also suggest that Zpbp2 may act through regulation of ceramide metabolism. These findings highlight the importance of phospholipid metabolism for sexual dimorphism in AHR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Chiwara
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bianca Ho
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sanny Moussette
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mina Youssef
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Venuto
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lucie Jeannotte
- Département de Biologie moléculaire, Biochimie medicale & Pathologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, CRCHU de Québec-Université Laval, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Juan Bautista de Sanctis
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Sabana Grande, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Danuta Radzioch
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program (IDIGH), The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anna K Naumova
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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5
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Sabar MF, Shahid M, Bano I, Ghani MU, Akram M, Iqbal F, Kousar S, Iqbal Z, Altaf S, Husnain T. rs12603332 is associated with male asthma patients specifically in urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan. J Asthma 2017; 54:887-892. [PMID: 28055272 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2016.1277539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE rs12603332, an important regulatory site variant, is known to alter the regulatory motif E2A that is involved in the maturation of B-lymphocytes. The study was designed to check whether different environmental exposures alter its risk allele association with asthma or not. METHODS 200 Physician-diagnosed asthma patients and 108 healthy individuals were enrolled from hospitals of Lahore. After quantitation of DNA extracted from peripheral blood, amplification of genomic region with rs12603332, followed by single base extension (SBE), was performed. Allele and genotype frequencies were calculated by SHEsis and Haploview software packages. Statistical analyses on PLINK were also performed, taking different factors as covariates. HaploReg analysis was done to predict the effect of risk allele on different regulatory motifs. RESULTS Risk allele for rs12603332 i.e., "C" allele was found to be significantly associated with male patients residing in urban localities. CONCLUSION The finding suggests that on exposure with urban environment, risk allele carriers tend to develop asthma symptoms via epigenetic regulation of motif associated with maturation of B-lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq Sabar
- b Centre for Applied Molecular Biology , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Mariam Shahid
- a Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
- b Centre for Applied Molecular Biology , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Bano
- c The Children's Hospital and The institute of Child Health , Pediatric Pulmonology , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghani
- b Centre for Applied Molecular Biology , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- b Centre for Applied Molecular Biology , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Farheena Iqbal
- b Centre for Applied Molecular Biology , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Samra Kousar
- a Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- d College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Saba Altaf
- a Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- a Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan
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6
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Sabar MF, Shahid M, Bano I, Ghani MU, Akram M, Iqbal F, Kousar S, Iqbal Z, Altaf S, Husnain T. rs12603332 is associated with male asthma patients specifically in urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan. J Asthma 2017. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2016.1277539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariam Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Bano
- The Children's Hospital and The institute of Child Health, Pediatric Pulmonology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghani
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farheena Iqbal
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samra Kousar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saba Altaf
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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7
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Yu F, Sun Y, Yu J, Ding Z, Wang J, Zhang L, Zhang T, Bai Y, Wang Y. ORMDL3 is associated with airway remodeling in asthma via the ERK/MMP-9 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2969-2976. [PMID: 28358425 PMCID: PMC5428751 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3 (ORMDL3) has been previously implicated in asthma pathogenesis, its effect on airway remodeling remains to be elucidated. The present study examined the expression levels of ORMDL3 in a mouse model of asthma. Mice were divided into three groups: Asthmatic model (n=10), budesonide‑treated (n=10) and a control group (n=8). Asthma was induced by sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide on day 1, 7 and 14. Subsequently mice were exposed to OVA three times per week from day 28. In order to investigate the mechanism of airway remodeling 100 µg/kg aerosol budesonide was administered to 6 animals prior to exposure to OVA. The condition of lung tissues was assessed through histology, and the expression levels of ORMDL3, phosphorylated‑extracellular‑signal regulated kinase (p‑ERK) and matrix metallopeptidase‑9 (MMP‑9) were quantified using immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. A severe inflammatory response and airway remodeling were pretreatment with budesonide. Expression levels of ORMDL3, phosphorylated (p)‑ERK and MMP‑9 were significantly greater in the asthma‑model group; however, in the group pretreated with budesonide their expression was reduced. Expression levels of ORMDL3, p‑ERK and MMP‑9 were significantly positively correlated with bronchial wall thickness. ORMDL3 expression was significantly positively correlated with p‑ERK and MMP‑9. Therefore, increased ORMDL3 expression may induce the p‑ERK/MMP‑9 pathway to promote pathological airway remodeling in patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jiachen Yu
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Traditional Chinese Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Lanyun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Traditional Chinese Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
| | - Tiejing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Traditional Chinese Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
| | - Yun Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Jilin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 132000, P.R. China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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8
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Sabar MF, Shahid M, Bano I, Ghani MU, Akram M, Iqbal F, Kousar S, Iqbal Z, Altaf S, Husnain T. rs12603332 is associated with male asthma patients specifically in urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan. J Asthma 2017. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2016.1277539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariam Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Bano
- The Children's Hospital and The institute of Child Health, Pediatric Pulmonology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghani
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farheena Iqbal
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samra Kousar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saba Altaf
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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9
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Zhakupova A, Debeuf N, Krols M, Toussaint W, Vanhoutte L, Alecu I, Kutalik Z, Vollenweider P, Ernst D, von Eckardstein A, Lambrecht BN, Janssens S, Hornemann T. ORMDL3 expression levels have no influence on the activity of serine palmitoyltransferase. FASEB J 2016; 30:4289-4300. [PMID: 27645259 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600639r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
ORMDL proteins are believed to be negative regulators of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), which catalyzes the first and rate limiting step in sphingolipid (SL) de novo synthesis. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are close to the ORMDL3 locus have been reported to increase ORMDL3 expression and to be associated with an elevated risk for early childhood asthma; however, the direct effect of ORMDL3 expression on SPT activity and its link to asthma remains elusive. In this study, we investigated whether ORMDL3 expression is associated with changes in SPT activity and total SL levels. Ormdl3-knockout (Ormdl3-/-) and transgenic (Ormdl3Tg/wt) mice were generated to study the effect of ORMDL3 on total SL levels in plasma and tissues. Cellular SPT activity was measured in mouse embryonic fibroblasts from Ormdl3-/- mice, as well as in HEK293 cells in which ORMDL3 was overexpressed and silenced. Furthermore, we analyzed the association of the reported ORMDL3 asthma SNPs with plasma sphingoid bases in a population-based cohort of 971 individuals. Total C18-long chain bases were not significantly altered in the plasma and tissues of Ormdl3-/- mice, whereas C18-sphinganine showed a small and significant increase in plasma, lung, and liver tissues. Mouse embryonic fibroblast cells from Ormdl3-/- mice did not show an altered SPT activity compared with Ormdl3+/- and Ormdl3+/+ mice. Overexpression or knockdown of ORMDL3 in HEK293 cells did not alter SPT activity; however, parallel knockdown of all 3 ORMDL isoforms increased enzyme activity significantly. A significant association of the annotated ORMDL3 asthma SNPs with plasma long-chain sphingoid base levels could not be confirmed. ORMDL3 expression levels seem not to be directly associated with changes in SPT activity. ORMDL3 might influence de novo sphingolipid metabolism downstream of SPT.-Zhakupova, A., Debeuf, N., Krols, M., Toussaint, W., Vanhoutte, L., Alecu, I., Kutalik, Z., Vollenweider, P., Ernst, D., von Eckardstein, A., Lambrecht, B. N., Janssens, S., Hornemann, T. ORMDL3 expression levels have no influence on the activity of serine palmitoyltransferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assem Zhakupova
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nincy Debeuf
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michiel Krols
- Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wendy Toussaint
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leen Vanhoutte
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Irina Alecu
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland; and
| | - Daniela Ernst
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arnold von Eckardstein
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Janssens
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;
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10
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Al Tuwaijri A, Gagné-Ouellet V, Madore AM, Laprise C, Naumova AK. Local genotype influences DNA methylation at two asthma-associated regions, 5q31 and 17q21, in a founder effect population. J Med Genet 2015; 53:232-41. [PMID: 26671913 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two asthma-associated regions 17q12-q21 and 5q31.1 harbour genes that show strong effect of genotype on expression levels. DNA methylation has an important role in gene regulation; therefore, we examined DNA methylation at promoters of 12 genes from 5q31 and 17q12-q21 regions. Our goal was to determine whether DNA methylation was associated with predisposition to asthma and whether such a relationship was independent from genetic association. METHODS Using sodium bisulfite sequencing and pyrosequencing methylation assays, we examined the effect of genotype on DNA methylation in peripheral blood cells from individuals from the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean asthma familial collection and lymphoblastoid cell lines. RESULTS The local genotype influenced methylation levels of solute carrier family 22 (organic 3 cation/carnitine transporter) member 5 (SLC22A5), zona pellucida binding protein 2 (ZPBP2) and gasdermin A (GSDMA) promoter regions. The genotype had a dominant effect on ZPBP2 and GSDMA methylation with lower methylation levels in individuals that carry the asthma-predisposing alleles. Males also had lower methylation at the ZPBP2 promoter than females. We did not observe an effect of asthma status that would be independent of the genotype and the sex effects in the GSDMA, ZPBP2 and SLC22A5 regions; however, GSDMA and ZPBP2 data were suggestive of interaction between asthma and methylation levels in females and SLC22A5 in males. CONCLUSIONS The local genotype influences methylation levels at SLC22A5 and ZPBP2 promoters independently of the asthma status. Further studies are necessary to confirm the relationship between GSDMA-ZPBP2 and SLC22A5 methylation and asthma in females and males separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al Tuwaijri
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Gagné-Ouellet
- Département des sciences fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Madore
- Département des sciences fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Laprise
- Département des sciences fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna K Naumova
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Kreiner-Møller E, Strachan DP, Linneberg A, Husemoen LLN, Bisgaard H, Bønnelykke K. 17q21 gene variation is not associated with asthma in adulthood. Allergy 2015; 70:107-14. [PMID: 25331618 DOI: 10.1111/all.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 17q21 gene variants are the strongest known genetic determinants for childhood asthma and have been reported to interact with environmental tobacco smoke exposure in childhood. It remains unclear whether individuals with 17q21 risk variants have increased risk of asthma or reduced lung function in adulthood. The aim was to examine the association between the 17q21 region and current adult asthma and lung function, and interaction with active smoking. METHODS We investigated the single nucleotide polymorphism rs7216389 at the 17q21 locus in 3471 adults from the Health2006 cross-sectional study and in 7008 adults from The British 1958 Birth Cohort and examined the association with current asthma, spirometry measures, and related atopic traits. Analyses were performed for interaction with active smoking. RESULTS We found no association between rs7216389[T] and asthma when meta-analyzed (OR = 1.02 [0.92-1.13], P = 0.81). The risk variant was associated with reduced FEV1 as compared to normal FEV1 (OR = 1.10 [1.01-1.12], P = 0.033) and with allergic sensitization (OR = 1.10 [1.03-1.17], P = 0.003). Individuals with rs7216389 risk variants smoked as frequently as individuals without risk variants, and there was no evidence that smoking modified the association between rs7216389 and asthma. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the 17q21 rs7216389 locus variant does not substantially influence asthma risk in adulthood or susceptibility to detrimental effects of active smoking. This contrasts the findings in children and suggests that this locus is associated with a childhood-specific asthma endotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Kreiner-Møller
- COPSAC; The Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- The Danish Pediatric Asthma Center; Copenhagen University Hospital; Gentofte Denmark
| | - D. P. Strachan
- Division of Population Health Sciences and Education; St George's University of London; London UK
| | - A. Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; Glostrup University Hospital; Glostrup Denmark
| | - L. L. N. Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; Glostrup University Hospital; Glostrup Denmark
| | - H. Bisgaard
- COPSAC; The Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- The Danish Pediatric Asthma Center; Copenhagen University Hospital; Gentofte Denmark
| | - K. Bønnelykke
- COPSAC; The Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- The Danish Pediatric Asthma Center; Copenhagen University Hospital; Gentofte Denmark
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12
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Zhao CN, Fan Y, Huang JJ, Zhang HX, Gao T, Wang C, Wang T, Hou LF. The Association of GSDMB and ORMDL3 Gene Polymorphisms With Asthma: A Meta-Analysis. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 7:175-85. [PMID: 25729625 PMCID: PMC4341339 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2015.7.2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose ORM1-like 3 (ORMDL3) belongs to a highly conserved protein family which is anchored as transmembrane protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. Gasdermin B (GSDMB) is adjacent to ORMDL3 on chromosome 17q21.2 and belongs to the gasdermin-domain containing the protein family (GSDM family). Recent reports suggest that GSDMB and ORMDL3 are associated with asthma in several populations. However, genetic association studies that examined the association of GSDMB and ORMDL3 gene variants with asthma showed conflicting results. To assess whether combined evidence shows the association between GSDMB/ORMDL3 polymorphism and asthma. Methods A bibliographic search from MEDLINE identified 13 original articles using the search keywords 'GSDMB', 'ORMDL3', and 'asthma'. An updated literature-based meta-analysis involving 6,691 subjects with asthma, 9,281 control individuals, and 1,360 families were conducted. Meta-odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) based on the fixed effects model or the random effects model depended on Cochran's Q-statistic and I2 values. Data from case-control and TDT studies were analyzed in an allelic model using the Catmap software. Results We selected and identified 3 SNPs of ORMDL3 associated with asthma (rs8076131: OR=1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.20; P=0.012. rs12603332: OR=1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.25; P=0.002. rs3744246: OR=1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.17; P=0.008) and 1 SNP of GSDMB associated with asthma (rs7216389: OR=1.37; 95% CI, 1.27-1.47; P<0.01). Publication bias was estimated using modified Egger's linear regression test proposed by Harbordetal and revealed no evidence of biases. Furthermore, cumulative meta-analysis in chronological order showed the inclination toward significant association for rs7216389 and rs12603332 with continually adding studies, and the inclination toward null-significant association for rs3744246 and rs8076131. Conclusions Moderate evidence exists for associations of the ORMDL3 rs8076131, rs12603332, and rs3744246 and GSDMB rs7216389 variants with asthma. Large sample size and representative population-based studies and TDT studies with homogeneous asthmatic patients and well-matched controls are warranted to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ni Zhao
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Ye Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Jian-Jun Huang
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Datong Coal Mining Group, China
| | - Hai-Xia Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Tao Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Li-Fang Hou
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China. ; Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. ; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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13
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Perin P, Potočnik U. Polymorphisms in recent GWA identified asthma genes CA10, SGK493, and CTNNA3 are associated with disease severity and treatment response in childhood asthma. Immunogenetics 2014; 66:143-51. [PMID: 24407380 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-013-0755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAs) have identified several new genetic risk factors for asthma; however, their influence on disease behavior and treatment response is still unclear. The aim of our study was the association analysis of the most significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) recently reported by GWAs in different phenotypes of childhood asthma and analysis of correlation between these SNPs and clinical parameters. We have genotyped 288 children with asthma and 276 healthy controls. We provided here first replication of bivariate associations between CA10 (p = 0.001) and SGK493 (p = 0.011) with asthma. In addition, we have identified new correlation between SNPs in CA10, SGK493, and CTNNA3 with asthma behavior and glucocorticoid treatment response. Asthma patients who carried G allele in SNP rs967676 in gene CA10 were associated with more pronounced airway obstruction, higher bronchial hyper-reactivity, and increased inflammation. Higher bronchial hyper-reactivity was also associated with C allele in SNP rs1440095 in gene SGK493 but only in nonatopic asthmatics. In addition, we found that patients who carried at least one T allele in SNP rs1786929 in CTNNA3 (p = 0.022) and atopic patients who carried at least one G allele in SNP rs967676 in gene CA10 (p = 0.034) had higher increase in pulmonary function after glucocorticoid therapy. Our results suggest genetic heterogeneity between atopic and nonatopic asthma. We provided further evidence that treatment response in childhood asthma is genetically predisposed, and we report here two novel SNPs in genes CA10 and CTNNA3 as potential pharmacogenetic biomarkers that could be used in personalized treatment in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Perin
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, University of Maribor, Slomškov trg 15, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
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14
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Sex- and age-dependent DNA methylation at the 17q12-q21 locus associated with childhood asthma. Hum Genet 2013; 132:811-22. [PMID: 23546690 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-013-1298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal region 17q12-q21 is one of the best-replicated genome-wide association study (GWAS) hits and associated with childhood-onset asthma. However, the mechanism by which the genetic association is restricted to childhood-onset disease is unclear. During childhood, more boys than girls develop asthma. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the 17q12-q21 genetic association was sex-specific. Indeed, a TDT test showed that in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean familial collection, the 17q12-q21 association was significant among male, but not among female asthmatic subjects. We next hypothesized that the bias in the genetic association resulted from sex-specific and/or age-dependent DNA methylation at regulatory regions and determined the methylation profiles of five 17q12-q21 gene promoters using the bisulfite sequencing methylation assay. We identified a single regulatory region within the zona pellucida binding protein 2 (ZPBP2) gene, which showed statistically significant differences between males and females with respect to DNA methylation. DNA methylation also varied with age and was higher in adult males compared to boys. We have recently identified two functionally important polymorphisms, both within the ZPBP2 gene that influence expression levels of neighboring genes. Combined with the results of the present work, these data converge pointing to the same 5 kb region within the ZPBP2 gene as a critical region for both gene expression regulation and predisposition to asthma. Our data show that sex- and age-dependent DNA methylation may act as a modifier of genetic effects and influence the results of genetic association studies.
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15
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Qiu R, Yang Y, Zhao H, Li J, Xin Q, Shan S, Liu Y, Dang J, Yu X, Gong Y, Liu Q. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 directly regulates human ORMDL3 expression. FEBS J 2013; 280:2014-26. [PMID: 23461825 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Orosomucoid-like 3 (ORMDL3) has been associated with asthma and a series of autoimmune disorders, and is involved in endoplasmic reticulum-mediated inflammatory responses. However, its clinical significance and the molecular mechanism underlying its expression are still largely unclear. To elucidate the mechanisms of human ORMDL3 transcriptional regulation, we cloned a 1.5 kb genomic DNA fragment containing the putative promoter region and evaluated its transcriptional activity in a luciferase reporter system by deletion analysis. We identified a 68 bp region that functions as a minimal promoter. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the -64 to -56 bp region contained a signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) binding site. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that STAT6 bound to its binding site within the ORMDL3 promoter. STAT6 over-expression or knockdown trans-activated or trans-inhibited, respectively, the ORMDL3 promoter containing the STAT6-binding motif. Treatment with interleukins 4 or 13 increased ORMDL3 promoter activity as well as endogenous ORMDL3 expression. Immunoprecipitation and ChIP/Re-ChIP assays revealed that STAT6 and p300 exist in the same protein complex that binds to the ORMDL3 promoter. Our study confirmed that STAT6 plays important roles in regulating the expression of human ORMDL3 by directly binding to the promoter region, which may shed light on a possible role in various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfang Qiu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
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16
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Ha SG, Ge XN, Bahaie NS, Kang BN, Rao A, Rao SP, Sriramarao P. ORMDL3 promotes eosinophil trafficking and activation via regulation of integrins and CD48. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2479. [PMID: 24056518 PMCID: PMC3940275 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
ORM (yeast)-like protein isoform 3 (ORMDL3) has recently been identified as a candidate gene for susceptibility to asthma; however, the mechanisms by which it contributes to asthma pathogenesis are not well understood. Here we demonstrate a functional role for ORMDL3 in eosinophils in the context of allergic inflammation. Eosinophils recruited to the airways of allergen-challenged mice express ORMDL3. ORMDL3 expression in bone marrow eosinophils is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and is induced by interleukin-3 and eotaxin-1. Overexpression of ORMDL3 in eosinophils causes increased rolling, distinct cytoskeletal rearrangement, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (1/2) phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B. Knockdown of ORMDL3 significantly inhibits activation-induced cell shape changes, adhesion and recruitment to sites of inflammation in vivo, combined with reduced expression of CD49d and CD18. In addition, ORMDL3 regulates interleukin-3-induced expression of CD48 and CD48-mediated eosinophil degranulation. These studies show that ORMDL3 regulates eosinophil trafficking, recruitment and degranulation, further elucidating a role for this molecule in allergic asthma and potentially other eosinophilic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Gil Ha
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases and Inflammation, Departments of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Xiao Na Ge
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases and Inflammation, Departments of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Nooshin S. Bahaie
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases and Inflammation, Departments of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Bit Na Kang
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases and Inflammation, Departments of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Amrita Rao
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases and Inflammation, Departments of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Savita P. Rao
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases and Inflammation, Departments of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - P. Sriramarao
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases and Inflammation, Departments of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
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17
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Kang MJ, Yu HS, Seo JH, Kim HY, Jung YH, Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Lee SY, Hong SJ. GSDMB/ORMDL3 variants contribute to asthma susceptibility and eosinophil-mediated bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Hum Immunol 2012; 73:954-9. [PMID: 22732088 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In 2007, a genome-wide association study identified associations between variants involved in the regulation of ORMDL3 expression and asthma. These observations were subsequently replicated in case-control studies in several ethnic groups. We investigated the possible contribution of GSDMB/ORMDL3 variants to asthma susceptibility and intermediate asthma phenotypes in Korean children. The polymorphisms rs7216389, rs4794820, rs4065275, and rs11650680 were genotyped using the TaqMan assay in 931 asthmatics and 480 normal controls in a case-control study, and in 1907 elementary school children in a general population study. Each subject also underwent peripheral blood analysis of immunoglobulin E levels, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels, and eosinophil percentage. Pulmonary function testing (FEV(1) and MMEF) and a methacholine provocation test (PC(20)) were also performed. The case-control study revealed a significant association between a linkage disequilibrium block, including rs7216389, rs4794820, and rs4065275, and susceptibility to asthma and atopic asthma. The CT and TT genotypes of rs11650680 were associated with lower logECP levels than the CC genotype in asthmatics, while the GA and AA genotypes of rs4794820 were associated with higher logPC(20) values than the GG genotype in atopic asthmatics. The haplotype (CAA) of rs7216389, rs4794820 and rs4065275 was associated with a lower risk of asthma susceptibility and a higher logPC(20). In the general population study, rs11650680 was significantly associated with a diagnosis of asthma. Moreover, the GA and AA genotypes of rs4794820 were associated with higher logPC(20) values and lower eosinophil percentages than the GG genotype in subjects who had been diagnosed with asthma, or showed bronchial hyperresponsiveness (PC(20)≤16). The GSDMB/ORMDL3 gene block, which includes rs7216389, rs4065275, rs4794820, and rs11650680, may be associated with asthma susceptibility in Korean children because it promotes eosinophilic inflammation, which induces bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jin Kang
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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