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Jiang P, Yue YX, Hong Y, Xie Y, Gao X, Gu CK, Hao HJ, Qin Y, Ding XJ, Song M, Li HF, Zhang X. IL-4Rα Polymorphism Is Associated With Myasthenia Gravis in Chinese Han Population. Front Neurol 2018; 9:529. [PMID: 30042722 PMCID: PMC6048264 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a potent growth and differentiation factor for B cells which play a vital role in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis (MG). IL-4 exerts its function by binding to three types of IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) complexes. IL-4Rα is the key component of the IL-4R complex. We hypothesize that polymorphism of IL-4Rα gene may be associated with the susceptibility and severity of MG. A Chinese cohort of 480 MG patients and 487 healthy controls were recruited. Polymorphisms of IL-4Rα gene were determined with SNPscan™ methods and compared between MG and control groups, as well as among MG subgroups. Rs2107356 and rs1805010 were found to be associated with adult thymoma associated MG, and rs1801275 was found to be associated with adult non-thymoma AChR-Ab positive MG. We did not found association between IL-4Rα polymorphism and the severity of MG. Genetic variations of IL-4Rα were found associated with the susceptibility of MG in Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yao-Xian Yue
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yanchen Xie
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuan-Kai Gu
- ICU, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong-Jun Hao
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Qin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Ding
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Feng Li
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Lee HJ, Kim TH, Kang SW, Kim YH, Kim SK, Chung JH, Kim YG, Moon JY, Lee SH, Ihm CG, Lee TW, Jeong KH. Association Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-4 Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Acute Rejection and Graft Dysfunction After Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:813-9. [PMID: 27234743 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine genotypes have previously been studied in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation; certain polymorphisms have been implicated in the development of acute rejection (AR) and graft dysfunction (GD). Allograft outcomes determined, in part, by alloimmune responses is mainly mediated by T-cell responses, activated and driven by cytokines. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is one such cytokine, which exerts its biological effects through binding to the IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) complex on target cells. In the present study, we investigated whether polymorphisms of the IL-4 and/or IL-4R gene were associated with susceptibility to acute AR and GD after kidney transplantation. METHODS We analyzed 2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of IL-4 (rs2243250 and rs2070874) and 3 SNPs of IL-4R (rs1801275, rs2107356, and rs1805010) in 344 kidney transplant recipients. These patients included 62 of whom had developed AR and 215 of whom had GD in 1 year after kidney transplantation. RESULTS The AR group included 62 patients (45 men and 17 women). There was a statistically significant difference in the male-to-female ratio and the use of tacrolimus in the AR group. The GD group included 215 patients. Patients who developed GD were more likely to be older and have an underlying cause of end-stage renal disease that was unknown compared with patients who did not have GD, the cause of which was typically known. Among the SNPs examined, 1 of the SNPs in the IL-4R gene (ie, rs1801275) showed a statistical association with AR (co-dominant model, P = .061; dominant model, P = .019; and log-addictive model, P = .029). In addition, 1 of the IL-4R SNPs (ie, rs2107356) was statistically associated with GD (dominant model, P = .034). No significant difference in the IL-4 genotype was observed between the AR/GD and non-AR/non-GD subjects. CONCLUSIONS One IL-4R gene polymorphism (rs1801275) was associated with AR. In addition, a separate IL-4R SNP (rs2107356) was statistically associated with GD after kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Seoul Red Cross Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Kang
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Chung
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Moon
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C G Ihm
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T W Lee
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Jeong
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Karaca S, Karaca M, Civelek E, Ozgul RK, Sekerel BE, Polimanti R. Haplotype analysis of non-HLA immunogenetic loci in Turkish and worldwide populations. Gene 2016; 587:132-6. [PMID: 27129937 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunogenes (i.e., genes related to the immune system and its functions) are involved in the predisposition to numerous traits and their variation contributes to the phenotypic variability observed among human groups. Turkish population presents particular genetic features since its genetic pool is an admixture of European, Middle-Eastern, and Central Asian ancestries. Here, we analyzed the haplotype structure of four immunogenetic loci (i.e., ADAM33; IL13-IL4; IL4R; MS4A2) in 482 subjects from five different regions of Turkey. Genotyping was performed using KASP technology. Turkish data were compared with the haplotype information available from the 1000 Genomes Project Phase 3 (26 human populations from 5 ancestry groups). We did not observe significant differences among Turkish groups. Comparing other ancestries, we identified haplotype similarity of Turkish subjects with European populations in IL13-IL4, IL4R, and ADAM33 loci; and with central Asians in MS4A2 region. Considering loci displaying Turkish-European haplotype similarity (i.e., IL13-IL4, IL4R, and ADAM33), we observed differences between Turkish subjects and northern/western Europeans. Conversely, no significant difference was determined in MS4A2 between Turkish and central Asian populations. Finally, we assessed the haplotypes responsible for the differences between Turkish and European samples and the potential functional effects on the immunogenetic loci investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefayet Karaca
- Aksaray University, School of Health Science, Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Karaca
- Aksaray University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Ersoy Civelek
- Ankara Child Health and Diseases Hematology Oncology Research Hospital, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Riza K Ozgul
- Hacettepe University, Institute of Child Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bulent E Sekerel
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, United States
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Genetic basis of myasthenia gravis – A comprehensive review. J Autoimmun 2014; 52:146-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zagoriti Z, Kambouris ME, Patrinos GP, Tzartos SJ, Poulas K. Recent advances in genetic predisposition of myasthenia gravis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:404053. [PMID: 24294607 PMCID: PMC3835684 DOI: 10.1155/2013/404053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease mediated by the presence of autoantibodies that bind to components of the neuromuscular junction, causing the symptoms of muscular weakness and fatigability. Like most autoimmune disorders, MG is a multifactorial, noninherited disease, though with an established genetic constituent. The heterogeneity observed in MG perplexes genetic analysis even more, as it occurs in various levels, including diverse autoantigens, thymus histopathology, and age at onset. In this context of distinct subgroups, a plethora of association studies, discussed in this review, have assessed the involvement of various HLA and non-HLA related loci in MG susceptibility, over the past five years. As expected, certain HLA alleles were strongly associated with MG. Many of the non-HLA genes, such as PTPN22 and CTLA-4, have been previously studied in MG and other autoimmune diseases and their association with MG has been reevaluated in more cohesive groups of patients. Moreover, novel risk or protective loci have been revealed, as in the case of TNIP1 and FOXP3. Although the majority of these results have been derived from candidate gene studies, the focal point of all recent genetic studies is the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted on early-onset MG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Zagoriti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Manousos E. Kambouris
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - George P. Patrinos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Socrates J. Tzartos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
- Department of Biochemistry, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vas. Sofias Avenue, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Poulas
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
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