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Sun W, Zhu C, Li Y, Wu X, Shi X, Liu W. B cell activation and autoantibody production in autoimmune diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2024; 38:101936. [PMID: 38326197 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2024.101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
B cells are central players in the immune system, responsible for producing antibodies and modulating immune responses. This review explores the intricate relationship between aberrant B cell activation and the development of autoimmune diseases, emphasizing the essential role of B cells in these conditions. We also summarize B cell receptor signaling and Toll-like receptor signaling in B cell activation, as well as their association with autoimmune diseases, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms behind these associations. Additionally, we explore the clinical observations involving B cell activation and their significance in autoimmune disease management. Various clinical studies related to B cell-targeted therapies are also discussed, offering insights into potential avenues for improving treatment strategies. Overall, this review serves as a resource for researchers and clinicians in the field of immunology and autoimmune diseases, providing a general view of B cell signaling and its role in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, No. 1, Qinghua Yuan, New Biology Bldg, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Institute of Clinical Immunology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Can Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, No. 1, Qinghua Yuan, New Biology Bldg, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yuxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, No. 1, Qinghua Yuan, New Biology Bldg, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xinfeng Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 636, Guanlin Road, 471000, Luoyang, China.
| | - Xiaofei Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 636, Guanlin Road, 471000, Luoyang, China.
| | - Wanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, No. 1, Qinghua Yuan, New Biology Bldg, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Institute of Clinical Immunology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Lindblom J, Beretta L, Borghi MO, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, Parodis I. Serum profiling identifies CCL8, CXCL13, and IL-1RA as markers of active disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1257085. [PMID: 38098483 PMCID: PMC10720584 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1257085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous disease that presents a challenge for clinicians. To identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis and disease activity in SLE, we investigated a selected yet broad panel of cytokines and autoantibodies in patients with SLE, healthy controls (HC), and patients with other autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Methods Serum samples from 422 SLE patients, 546 HC, and 1223 other AIDs were analysed within the frame of the European PRECISESADS project (NTC02890121). Cytokine levels were determined using Luminex panels, and autoantibodies using different immunoassays. Results Of the 83 cytokines analysed, 29 differed significantly between patients with SLE and HC. Specifically, CCL8, CXCL13, and IL-1RA levels were elevated in patients with active, but not inactive, SLE versus HC, as well as in patients with SLE versus other AIDs. The levels of these cytokines also correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) scores, among five other cytokines. Overall, the occurrence of autoantibodies was similar across SLEDAI-2K organ domains, and the correlations between autoantibodies and activity in different organ domains were weak. Discussion Our findings suggest that, upon validation, CCL8, CXCL13, and IL-1RA could serve as promising serum biomarkers of activity in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Lindblom
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Beretta
- Referral Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Orietta Borghi
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Immunorheumatology Research Laboratory, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta E. Alarcón-Riquelme
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Medical Genomics, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ioannis Parodis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Strategy to Explore Potential Targets and Mechanisms Underlying the Effect of Curcumin on Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5538643. [PMID: 34557547 PMCID: PMC8455200 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5538643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a refractory immune disease, which is often complicated with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Curcumin, the most active ingredient of Curcuma longa with a variety of biological activities, has wide effects on the body system. The study is aimed at exploring the potential therapeutic targets underlying the effect of curcumin on SLE-ONFH by utilizing a network pharmacology approach and molecular docking strategy. Methods Curcumin and its drug targets were identified using network analysis. First, the Swiss target prediction, GeneCards, and OMIM databases were mined for information relevant to the prediction of curcumin targets and SLE-ONFH-related targets. Second, the curcumin target gene, SLE-ONFH shared gene, and curcumin-SLE-ONFH target gene networks were created in Cytoscape software followed by collecting the candidate targets of each component by R software. Third, the targets and enriched pathways were examined by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Eventually, a gene-pathway network was constructed and visualized by Cytoscape software; key potential central targets were verified and checked by molecular docking and literature review. Results 201 potential targets of curcumin and 170 related targets involved in SLE-ONFH were subjected to network analysis, and the 36 intersection targets indicated the potential targets of curcumin for the treatment of SLE-ONFH. Additionally, for getting more comprehensive and accurate candidate genes, the 36 potential targets were determined to be analyzed by network topology and 285 candidate genes were obtained finally. The top 20 biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions were identified, when corrected by a P value ≤ 0.05. 20 related signaling pathways were identified by KEGG analysis, when corrected according to a Bonferroni P value ≤ 0.05. Molecular docking showed that the top three genes (TP53, IL6, VEGFA) have good binding force with curcumin; combined with literature review, some other genes such as TNF, CCND1, CASP3, and MMP9 were also identified. Conclusion The present study explored the potential targets and signaling pathways of curcumin against SLE-ONFH, which could provide a better understanding of its effects in terms of regulating cell cycle, angiogenesis, immunosuppression, inflammation, and bone destruction.
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Wang H, Wang Y. Association between interleukin-1 alpha rs1800587 polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis: A meta-analysis. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211013647. [PMID: 33950757 PMCID: PMC10455026 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211013647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
No consistent results have been reached on the relationship of interleukin-1 (IL-1) rs1800587 polymorphism with the susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) so far. Therefore, the current meta-analysis was designed to thoroughly review relevant studies, in order to examine the relationship of IL-1A rs1800587 polymorphism with RA risk. Electronic databases were retrieved for literature regarding the relationship between IL-1A rs1800587 polymorphism and RA vulnerability according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata 12.0 software was adopted to examine the enrolled literature. Meanwhile, odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to evaluate the association. A total of seven case-control researches (3267 patients and 2960 healthy controls) were eventually enrolled into the current meta-analysis. Our data indicated no correlation of IL-1A rs1800587 polymorphism with RA risk (TT vs CC: OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.73-1.11; TC vs CC: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.78-1.34; Dominant model: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.80-1.35; Recessive model: OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 0.74-1.12). Similarly, no association was found in subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity. Our findings indicated no relationship between IL-1A rs1800587 polymorphism and RA vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaguo Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ruian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ruian, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Wenzhou, China
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Behiry EG, Kamal HM, Rahman AA, Eissa HA, Hassan WA, Hassan ZG, Shafeek MM, El-Fallah AA. Association of genetic variants of interleukin-1β gene -511T/C (rs16944) and +3954C/T (rs1143634) and serum levels of pentaxin (PTX3) and interleukin -1β (IL-1β) with disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Migliorini P, Italiani P, Pratesi F, Puxeddu I, Boraschi D. The IL-1 family cytokines and receptors in autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2020; 19:102617. [PMID: 32663626 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of the cytokines and receptors of the IL-1 family in inflammation is well known. Several cytokines of the family have a powerful inflammatory activity, with IL-1β being the best-characterized factor. The inflammatory activity of IL-1 cytokines is regulated by other factors of the family, including receptor antagonists, soluble receptors and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The causative role of IL-1β is well-established in autoinflammatory diseases, mainly due to gain-of-function mutations in genes encoding the IL-1β-maturing inflammasome. Exaggerated production of IL-1β and IL-18 correlates with disease and disease severity also in several autoimmune and chronic inflammatory and degenerative pathologies, although it is not clear whether they have a causative role or are only involved in the downstream disease symptoms. A better understanding of the pathological role of IL-1 family cytokines in autoimmunity involves a deeper evaluation, in the pathological situations, of the possible anomalies in the feed-back anti-inflammatory mechanisms that in physiological reactions control and dump IL-1-mediated inflammation. Thus, we expect that IL-1 cytokines may be pathogenic only when, in addition to enhanced production, there is a concomitant failure of their control mechanisms. In this review we will examine the current knowledge on the role of IL-1 family cytokines in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases, with a particular focus on their endogenous control mechanisms, mainly based on soluble receptors/inhibitors and receptor antagonists. This will allow us to formulate a knowledge-based hypothesis on the involvement of IL-1 cytokines in the pathogenesis vs. the clinical features of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Migliorini
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Paola Italiani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Federico Pratesi
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Puxeddu
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Diana Boraschi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Tilstra JS, John S, Gordon RA, Leibler C, Kashgarian M, Bastacky S, Nickerson KM, Shlomchik MJ. B cell-intrinsic TLR9 expression is protective in murine lupus. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:3172-3187. [PMID: 32191633 PMCID: PMC7260024 DOI: 10.1172/jci132328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is a regulator of disease pathogenesis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Why TLR9 represses disease while TLR7 and MyD88 have the opposite effect remains undefined. To begin to address this question, we created 2 alleles to manipulate TLR9 expression, allowing for either selective deletion or overexpression. We used these to test cell type-specific effects of Tlr9 expression on the regulation of SLE pathogenesis. Notably, Tlr9 deficiency in B cells was sufficient to exacerbate nephritis while extinguishing anti-nucleosome antibodies, whereas Tlr9 deficiency in dendritic cells (DCs), plasmacytoid DCs, and neutrophils had no discernable effect on disease. Thus, B cell-specific Tlr9 deficiency unlinked disease from autoantibody production. Critically, B cell-specific Tlr9 overexpression resulted in ameliorated nephritis, opposite of the effect of deleting Tlr9. Our findings highlight the nonredundant role of B cell-expressed TLR9 in regulating lupus and suggest therapeutic potential in modulating and perhaps even enhancing TLR9 signals in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy S. Tilstra
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shinu John
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rachael A. Gordon
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Claire Leibler
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Kashgarian
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sheldon Bastacky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kevin M. Nickerson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark J. Shlomchik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Interleukin-1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus among Iraqi patients. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2019.100640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Dein E, Ingolia A, Connolly C, Manno R, Timlin H. Anakinra for Recurrent Fevers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Cureus 2018; 10:e3782. [PMID: 30854270 PMCID: PMC6395019 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fever is a common manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and may be associated with disease activity, but should be closely evaluated for infection, drug reaction, thromboembolism, malignancy, or other etiology. We present the case of a 44-year-old Peruvian female with SLE with periodic high fevers and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, treated with anakinra, an interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibitor. Following the birth of her first child, she developed frequent episodic fevers followed by multiple hospitalizations, approximately two to three times per year. She was started on anakinra in September 2016 and had improvement of fevers and joint symptoms. On 26-month follow-up, she had one episode of fever with bandemia requiring hospitalization but otherwise remained afebrile with a significant drop in CRP. Anakinra is well-tolerable and safe due to a short half-life. We report that the inhibition of IL-1 may be a safe and effective treatment for recurrent fevers in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Dein
- Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ashley Ingolia
- Internal Medicine, North Oaks Health System, Hammond, USA
| | - Caoilfhionn Connolly
- Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Rebecca Manno
- Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Homa Timlin
- Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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Su H, Rei N, Zhang L, Cheng J. Meta-analyses of IL1A polymorphisms and the risk of several autoimmune diseases published in databases. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198693. [PMID: 29879187 PMCID: PMC5991676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Based on published data, we aimed to quantitatively elucidate the possible genetic influence of rs17561 G/T and rs1800587 C/T polymorphisms of the IL1A (interleukin 1 alpha) gene in the susceptibility to several autoimmune diseases. Methods A series of meta-analyses were carried out. After database searching, we utilized our inclusion/exclusion criteria to screen and include the eligible studies. Passociation (P value of association test), Bonferroni-corrected Passociation value; false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected Passociation, ORs (odd ratios), and 95% CI (confidence interval) were generated to assess the magnitudes of genetic relationships. Results A total of 35 eligible articles were included. Pooled analysis data of both rs17561 G/T and rs1800587 C/T in the overall population indicated a negative association between cases of autoimmune diseases and negative controls (all Passociation>0.05, Bonferroni-corrected Passociation>0.05, FDR-corrected Passociation>0.05). Similar results were found in most subgroup analyses (all Passociation>0.05, Bonferroni-corrected Passociation>0.05, FDR-corrected Passociation>0.05), apart from the rs1800587 in the Graves’ disease subgroup, which showed an increased risk in some cases, compared with controls, under the models of allele T vs. C, carrier T vs. C, CT+TT vs. CC, and CT vs. CC (all Passociation<0.05, Bonferroni-corrected Passociation<0.05, FDR-corrected Passociation>0.05, OR>1). Conclusion Based on the available data, C/T genotype of the rs1800587 polymorphism within IL1A gene may be associated with an increased Graves’ disease risk. We did not see evidence regarding a positive role for rs1800587 or rs17561 in the risk of other autoimmune diseases, such as systemic sclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis. These conclusions still merit further data support and molecular exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Na Rei
- The First Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxiang Cheng
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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Umare V, Pradhan V, Rajadhyaksha A, Ghosh K, Nadkarni A. Predisposition of IL-1β (-511 C/T) polymorphism to renal and hematologic disorders in Indian SLE patients. Gene 2018; 641:41-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Slight-Webb S, Lu R, Ritterhouse LL, Munroe ME, Maecker HT, Fathman CG, Utz PJ, Merrill JT, Guthridge JM, James JA. Autoantibody-Positive Healthy Individuals Display Unique Immune Profiles That May Regulate Autoimmunity. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 68:2492-502. [PMID: 27059145 PMCID: PMC5042816 DOI: 10.1002/art.39706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are detected in ∼18% of females, yet autoimmune disease develops in only 5–8%. Immunologic differences between ANA‐positive healthy individuals and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may elucidate the regulatory mechanisms by which ANA‐positive individuals avoid transition to clinical autoimmune disease. Methods Healthy individuals (n = 790) were screened for autoantibodies specific for 11 antigens associated with lupus, systemic sclerosis, and Sjögren's syndrome. From this screening, 31 European American ANA‐positive healthy individuals were selected and demographically matched to ANA‐negative controls and SLE patients. Serum cytokine profiles, leukocyte subset frequency, and reactivity were analyzed by multiplex assays, immunophenotyping, and phosphospecific flow cytometry. Results Of 790 individuals screened, 57 (7%) were ANA‐positive. The majority of proinflammatory cytokines, including interferon‐γ (IFNγ), tumor necrosis factor, interleukin‐17 (IL‐17), and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor, exhibited a stepwise increase in serum levels from ANA‐negative controls to ANA‐positive healthy individuals to SLE patients (P < 0.0001). IFNα, IFNβ, IL‐12p40, and stem cell factor/c‐Kit ligand were increased in SLE patients only (P < 0.05). B lymphocyte stimulator (BlyS) was elevated in SLE patients but decreased in ANA‐positive individuals (P < 0.001). Further, IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra) was down‐regulated in SLE patients only (P < 0.0001). ANA‐positive individuals had increased frequencies of monocytes, memory B cells, and plasmablasts and increased levels of pSTAT‐1 and pSTAT‐3 following IFNα stimulation compared with ANA‐negative controls (P < 0.05). Conclusion ANA‐positive healthy individuals exhibit dysregulation in multiple immune pathways yet differ from SLE patients by the absence of elevated IFNs, BLyS, IL‐12p40, and stem cell factor/c‐Kit ligand. Further, severely decreased levels of IL‐1Ra in SLE patients compared with ANA‐positive individuals may contribute to disease development. These results highlight the importance of IFN‐related pathways and regulatory elements in SLE pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rufei Lu
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Lauren L Ritterhouse
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | | | | | | | - Paul J Utz
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Joel M Guthridge
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Judith A James
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
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Mohammadoo-Khorasani M, Salimi S, Tabatabai E, Sandoughi M, Zakeri Z, Farajian-Mashhadi F. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) & IL-4 gene polymorphisms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) & their association with susceptibility to SLE. Indian J Med Res 2017; 143:591-6. [PMID: 27488002 PMCID: PMC4989832 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.187107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines that plays a main role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. Interleukin 4 (IL-4) as an anti-inflammatory cytokine regulates balance between Th1 and Th2 immune responses. This study was undertaken to investigate the IL-1β and IL-4 genes polymorphisms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and also association between the polymorphisms and susceptibility to SLE. Methods: One hundred and sixty three SLE patients and 180 healthy controls were genotyped for the IL-4 VNTR (variable number tandem repeat), IL-1β C-511T and IL-1β T-31C polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) method. Results: The frequencies of CC genotype and C allele of the IL-1β T-31C polymorphism were significantly (P<0.01) lower in SLE patients than controls. Moreover, the frequencies of RP1/RP2 genotype and RP2 allele of IL-4 VNTR polymorphism were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the SLE patients. No association was observed between IL-1β C-511T polymorphism and increased risk of SLE. We observed increased frequency of CT and TT genotypes of IL-1β C-511T polymorphism in SLE patients with malar rash compared to SLE patients without this manifestation. Interpretation & conclusions: The present findings suggest that IL-1β T-31C and IL-4 VNTR polymorphisms but not IL-1β C-511T polymorphism may contribute in SLE pathogenesis. In addition, CT and TT genotypes of IL-1β C-511T polymorphism were associated with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Mohammadoo-Khorasani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Salimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Tabatabai
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Sandoughi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Zahra Zakeri
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Farajian-Mashhadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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The innate immune system in human systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:625-634. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20160415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Although the role of adaptive immune mechanisms, e.g. autoantibody formation and abnormal T-cell activation, has been long noted in the pathogenesis of human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the role of innate immunity has been less well characterized. An intricate interplay between both innate and adaptive immune elements exists in protective anti-infective immunity as well as in detrimental autoimmunity. More recently, it has become clear that the innate immune system in this regard not only starts inflammation cascades in SLE leading to disease flares, but also continues to fuel adaptive immune responses throughout the course of the disease. This is why targeting the innate immune system offers an additional means of treating SLE. First trials assessing the efficacy of anti-type I interferon (IFN) therapy or modulators of pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signalling have been attempted. In this review, we summarize the available evidence on the role of several distinct innate immune elements, especially neutrophils and dendritic cells as well as the IFN system, as well as specific innate PRRs along with their signalling pathways. Finally, we highlight recent clinical trials in SLE addressing one or more of the aforementioned components of the innate immune system.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Blockade of interleukin (IL)-1 signaling is one of the oldest biologic therapies, yet the use of these agents is on the rise as the role of IL-1 activation is being recognized in a wide spectrum of inflammatory disorders. This review will cover established and emerging uses of IL-1 antagonism in rheumatic diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Expanding off-label indications for IL-1 blockade include neutrophil-dominant skin diseases, including pyoderma gangrenosum, hidradenitis supperativa, and pustular psoriasis. There is also increasing evidence for the use of IL-1 blockade in heart failure associated with rheumatic diseases. Somatic mosaicism in NLRP3 may explain the onset of later-in-life presentations of periodic fevers which are responsive to IL-1 blockade. Of importance, clinical response to anti-IL-1 therapy does not always denote protection from autoinflammatory disease complications such as macrophage activation syndrome or amyloidosis. SUMMARY Indications for IL-1 blocking therapies will likely continue to broaden, but given the rarity of many rheumatic diseases which respond to such treatment, rigorous, large clinical trials for each indication are unlikely to occur. Thus, recommended use of these medications will often fall to the discretion of the astute physician. However, medication cost and hurdles of insurance approval, rather than drug efficacy, may be the primary limitation for more widespread use.
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Lu S, Zeumer L, Sorensen H, Yang H, Ng Y, Yu F, Riva A, Croker B, Wallet S, Morel L. The murine Pbx1-d lupus susceptibility allele accelerates mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and impairs their immunosuppressive function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 194:43-55. [PMID: 25416808 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pre–B cell leukemia homeobox 1 (Pbx1)-d is a dominant-negative splice isoform of the gene Pbx1 that corresponds to the NZM2410 lupus susceptibility locus Sle1a1. Pbx1 is required to maintain stem cell self-renewal, including that of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs have immunosuppressive functions that require stem cell maintenance. We tested the hypothesis that the expression of Pbx1-d favors MSC differentiation and impairs their immunosuppressive functions. We demonstrate that Sle1a1 MSCs express high levels of Pbx1-d as compared with congenic C57BL/6J (B6) MSCs. Sle1a1 MSCs grew faster and differentiated significantly more rapidly into osteoblasts than did B6 MSCs. This corresponded to a significant decrease in the expression of genes associated with stemness and an increase in the expression of genes associated with differentiation. Additionally, Sle1a1 MSCs express a gene expression profile associated with an enhanced innate immunity and inflammation. Suppression of Ig production from TLR-activated B6 B cells and IL-2 secretion from activated B6 CD4+ T cells was significantly impaired in Sle1a1 MSCs as compared with B6 MSCs. B6.Sle1a1 MSCs showed intermediate activity in suppressing lupus immunophenotypes in three different mouse models. Taken together, these data suggest that the expression of the lupus susceptibility allele Pbx1-d isoform impairs MSC functions, which may contribute to lupus pathogenesis both through a defective immunosuppression and the promotion of a proinflammatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Lu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Leilani Zeumer
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Heather Sorensen
- Department of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Yunfai Ng
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Fahong Yu
- Bioinformatic Core, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Alberto Riva
- Bioinformatic Core, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Byron Croker
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Shannon Wallet
- Department of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
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Ho RC, Ong H, Thiaghu C, Lu Y, Ho CS, Zhang MW. Genetic Variants That Are Associated with Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Rheumatol 2016; 43:541-51. [PMID: 26773105 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.150884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While genetic risks have been implicated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the involvement of various genotypes in neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) remains uncertain. The present metaanalysis aimed to combine data from different studies and evaluate the association between each genotype and the risk of developing NPSLE. METHODS Studies were searched and retrieved from online databases (PubMed, EMBASE, BIOSIS, and ScienceDirect). Case-control studies were chosen if they reported genotype frequencies of the γ Fc region (FCγR) receptors II-A, III-A, and III-B; tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); mannan-binding lectin (MBL); integrin alpha M (ITGAM); interleukin (IL) 1, IL-1β, and IL-6; IL-10 promoter; and vitamin D genes. The OR were used to assess the strength of this association between patients with NPSLE and SLE. RESULTS A total of 33 studies were considered in this metaanalysis. The results suggest that these genotypes demonstrated a significant association with NPSLE: the homozygous FCγR IIIa 158 FF genotype (OR 1.89, p = 0.03 for FF vs VV + FV), heterozygous FCγR IIIb NA1/2 genotype (OR 2.14, p = 0.03 for NA1/2 vs NA1/1; OR 1.81, p = 0.04 for NA1/2 vs NA1/1 + NA2/2), and homozygous ITGAM rs1143679 HH genotype (OR 3.39, p = 0.04 for HH vs RH; OR 3.11, p = 0.048 for HH vs RR + RH). Polymorphisms of the TNF-α, MBL2, IL-1, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 promoter, and vitamin D receptor genes did not show a statistically significant association with the risk of developing NPSLE (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION This metaanalysis indicates that polymorphisms in the pathways of immune complex clearance, such as the FcγRIIIa, FcγRIIIb, and ITGAM genotypes, are potential susceptibility genes for NPSLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger C Ho
- From the Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.R.C. Ho, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; H. Ong, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; C. Thiaghu, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Y. Lu, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine; C.S. Ho, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; M.W. Zhang, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Institute of Mental Health
| | - Huiyi Ong
- From the Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.R.C. Ho, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; H. Ong, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; C. Thiaghu, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Y. Lu, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine; C.S. Ho, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; M.W. Zhang, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Institute of Mental Health
| | - Chandra Thiaghu
- From the Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.R.C. Ho, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; H. Ong, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; C. Thiaghu, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Y. Lu, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine; C.S. Ho, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; M.W. Zhang, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Institute of Mental Health
| | - Yanxia Lu
- From the Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.R.C. Ho, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; H. Ong, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; C. Thiaghu, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Y. Lu, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine; C.S. Ho, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; M.W. Zhang, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Institute of Mental Health.
| | - Cyrus S Ho
- From the Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.R.C. Ho, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; H. Ong, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; C. Thiaghu, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Y. Lu, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine; C.S. Ho, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; M.W. Zhang, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Institute of Mental Health
| | - Melvyn W Zhang
- From the Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.R.C. Ho, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; H. Ong, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; C. Thiaghu, MBBS, Medical Officer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Y. Lu, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine; C.S. Ho, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; M.W. Zhang, MRCPsych, Specialist Registrar, Institute of Mental Health
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Associations between interleukin-1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to vasculitis: a meta-analysis. Z Rheumatol 2015; 75:406-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00393-014-1540-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Yan MS, Liang GY, Xia BR, Liu DY, Kong D, Jin XM. Association of insulin gene variable number of tandem repeats regulatory polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:1047-52. [PMID: 25220536 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between insulin gene variable number of tandem repeats (INS VNTR) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Systematic searches of electronic databases, reference lists of included articles, and the abstracts presented at related scientific societies meetings were performed. Statistical analyses were conducted using software Stata 11.0. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were applied. Publication bias was tested by Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression test. A total of 9 studies including 1075 PCOS patients and 2878 controls were included in the meta-analysis. There were evidence of statistical significant association between INS VNTR and PCOS in allelic model (OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.08-1.43, P=0.002) and dominant model (OR=1.34, 95% CI=1.11-1.63, P=0.003) but not in additive model (OR=1.38, 95% CI=0.93-2.04, P=0.11) and recessive model (OR=1.26, 95% CI=0.96-1.65, P=0.09). No significant publication bias was shown by funnel plots and Egger's regression tests. In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggests that the III allele of INS VNTR is associated with increased risk of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Si Yan
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan-Ying Liang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Rong Xia
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, The Tumor Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Duan-Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Kong
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, The Tumor Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Jin
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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Kamenarska Z, Dzhebir G, Hristova M, Savov A, Vinkov A, Kaneva R, Mitev V, Dourmishev L. IL-1RN VNTR Polymorphism in Adult Dermatomyositis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Dermatol Res Pract 2014; 2014:953597. [PMID: 25328514 PMCID: PMC4156996 DOI: 10.1155/2014/953597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the cytokine genes and their natural antagonists are thought to influence the predisposition to dermatomyositis (DM) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism of 86 bp in intron 2 of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) gene leads to the existence of five different alleles which cause differences in the production of both IL-1RA (interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) and IL-1β. The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the association between the IL-1RN VNTR polymorphism and the susceptibility to DM and SLE in Bulgarian patients. Altogether 91 patients, 55 with SLE and 36 with DM, as well as 112 unrelated healthy controls, were included in this study. Only three alleles were identified in both patients and controls ((1) four repeats, (2) two repeats, and (3) five repeats). The IL-1RN*2 allele (P = 0.02, OR 2.5, and 95% CI 1.2-5.4) and the 1/2+2/2 genotypes were found prevalent among the SLE patients (P = 0.05, OR 2.6, and 95% CI 1-6.3). No association was found between this polymorphism and the ACR criteria for SLE as well as with the susceptibility to DM. Our results indicate that the IL-1RN VNTR polymorphism might play a role in the susceptibility of SLE but not DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zornitsa Kamenarska
- Molecular Medicine Center and Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University-Sofia, 2 Zdrave Street, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gyulnas Dzhebir
- Molecular Medicine Center and Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University-Sofia, 2 Zdrave Street, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Hristova
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Clinical Immunology and Department of Nephrology, Medical University-Sofia, 1 Georgi Sofijski Street, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexey Savov
- National Genetic Laboratory, Maichin Dom Hospital, 2 Zdrave Street, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Vinkov
- 28 Diagnostic and Consultative Center-Sofia, 1 Iliya Beshkov Street, 1592 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center and Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University-Sofia, 2 Zdrave Street, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vanio Mitev
- Molecular Medicine Center and Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University-Sofia, 2 Zdrave Street, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyubomir Dourmishev
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University-Sofia, 1 Georgi Sofijski Street, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
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