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Ciongariu AM, Țăpoi DA, Dumitru AV, Bejenariu A, Marin A, Costache M. Pleomorphic Liposarcoma Unraveled: Investigating Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Markers for Tailored Diagnosis and Therapeutic Innovations. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:950. [PMID: 38929567 PMCID: PMC11205576 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Liposarcomas are some of the most challenging soft tissue tumors and are subclassified into multiple subtypes with special histologic and molecular features. The peculiarities of each histopathological subtype influence the clinical behavior, management, and treatment of these neoplasms. For instance, well-differentiated liposarcomas are common soft tissue malignancies and usually display a favorable outcome. On the other hand, pleomorphic liposarcoma is the rarest, yet the most aggressive subtype of liposarcoma. This histopathological diagnosis may be challenging due to the scarce available data and because pleomorphic liposarcomas can mimic other pleomorphic sarcomas or other neoplasms of dissimilar differentiation. Nevertheless, the correct diagnosis of pleomorphic liposarcoma is of utmost importance as such patients are prone to develop local recurrences and metastases. Treatment usually consists of surgical excision along with radiotherapy and follow-up of the patients. Therefore, this review aims to assess the complex clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features of liposarcomas in order to establish how these characteristics influence the management and prognosis of the patients, emphasizing the particularities of pleomorphic liposarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Ciongariu
- Department of Pathology, “Carol Davila’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.C.); (D.-A.Ț.); (M.C.)
- Department of Pathology, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dana-Antonia Țăpoi
- Department of Pathology, “Carol Davila’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.C.); (D.-A.Ț.); (M.C.)
- Department of Pathology, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adrian-Vasile Dumitru
- Department of Pathology, “Carol Davila’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.C.); (D.-A.Ț.); (M.C.)
- Department of Pathology, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adrian Bejenariu
- Department of Pathology, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Andrei Marin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, “Carol Davila’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mariana Costache
- Department of Pathology, “Carol Davila’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.C.); (D.-A.Ț.); (M.C.)
- Department of Pathology, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania;
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Anestiadou E, Tsakona A, Tsagkaropoulos S, Foroulis C, Cheva A. Dedifferentiated Mediastinal Liposarcoma: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e62825. [PMID: 39036280 PMCID: PMC11260355 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Liposarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma type in adults, originating mainly from the retroperitoneum and lower extremities. Mediastinal liposarcomas constitute an extremely rare clinical entity of mesenchymal origin. Among subtypes, dedifferentiated liposarcoma is characterized by poor survival, but little is known about its biological behavior. We present the case of a 78-year-old male patient who presented with vague symptoms, predominantly dyspnea and chest pain. Imaging revealed a large mediastinal mass and surgical resection was performed in a piecemeal manner due to the inability to achieve a microscopically negative surgical margin (R0 resection) for the residual tumor. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, with discharge from the hospital on the 10th postoperative day. However, local recurrence was detected after two months and the patient died four months after the operation. The present case report highlights the importance of radical excision for the prevention of local recurrence and the presentation of histological characteristics of this tumor. Radical surgical resection remains the fundamental treatment, while chemo and radiotherapy may have an adjuvant role. In cases of inability to obtain negative margins, surgical debulking can offer symptomatic relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissavet Anestiadou
- 4th Surgical Department, Papanikolaou General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Anastasia Tsakona
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Sokratis Tsagkaropoulos
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Aristotle University Medical School, American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA) University Hospital, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Christoforos Foroulis
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Aristotle University Medical School, American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA) University Hospital, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
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3
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Seo JW, Yoo HJ, Kim DJ. Ulcer bleeding over a huge gastric submucosal lipoma. Asian J Surg 2024; 47:2466-2468. [PMID: 38302363 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.01.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Seo
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ichikawa J, Tashima T, Kawasaki T. Nature of histopathology in atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma diagnosis. J Dig Dis 2024; 25:328-330. [PMID: 38973134 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Ichikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Tashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomonori Kawasaki
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
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5
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Waters JP, Horenstein S, Egger A, Johnsen P, Kim TW. Parosteal lipoma of the left femur: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e8744. [PMID: 38654936 PMCID: PMC11035377 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Multidisciplinary team collaboration in the diagnosis of rare tumors such as parosteal lipoma is highly important, especially when suspicious of malignancy. The use of radiological and physical examinations is imperative to monitor recurrence and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. Waters
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan UniversityCamdenNew JerseyUSA
| | | | - Austin Egger
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Tae Won Kim
- Cooper University HealthcareCamdenNew JerseyUSA
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6
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Mori T, Iwasaki T, Sonoda H, Kawaguchi K, Tomonaga T, Furukawa H, Sato C, Shiraishi S, Taguchi K, Tamiya S, Yoneda R, Oshiro Y, Matsunobu T, Abe C, Kuboyama Y, Ueki N, Kohashi K, Yamamoto H, Nakashima Y, Oda Y. DDIT3-amplified or low-polysomic pleomorphic sarcomas without MDM2 amplification: Clinicopathological review and immunohistochemical profile of nine cases. Hum Pathol 2024; 145:56-62. [PMID: 38401716 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Several high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma cases that cannot be classified into any existing established categories have been reported. These cases were provisionally classified into undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS). Some dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS) cases may also have been classified into the UPS category due to the absence of MDM2 amplification or an atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma component. We retrieved and reviewed 77 high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma cases, initially diagnosed as UPS in 66 cases and DDLS in 11 cases. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses of DDIT3 and MDM2 were performed for available cases. Of the cases successfully subjected to DDIT3 FISH (n = 56), nine (7 UPS and 2 DDLS) showed DDIT3 amplification but no MDM2 amplification. Two UPS cases showed both telomeric (5') and centromeric (3') amplification of DDIT3 or low polysomy of chromosome 12, whereas 5 UPS and 2 DDLS cases showed 5'-predominant DDIT3 amplification. Histopathologically, all cases showed UPS-like proliferation of atypical pleomorphic tumor cells. Immunohistochemically, only one case showed focal nuclear positivity for DDIT3, supporting the previous finding that DDIT3 expression was not correlated with DDIT3 amplification. All three cases with focal MDM2 expression involved 5'-predominant amplification, two of which showed DDLS-like histological features. The majority of cases (7/9) showed decreased expression in p53 staining, suggesting that DDIT3 amplification regulates the expression of TP53 like MDM2. From a clinicopathological perspective, we hypothesize that DDIT3-amplified sarcoma, especially with 5'-predominant amplification, can be reclassified out of the UPS category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Mori
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasaki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sonoda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kengo Kawaguchi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takumi Tomonaga
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Furukawa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chiaki Sato
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sakura Shiraishi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Taguchi
- Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sadafumi Tamiya
- Department of Pathology, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Reiko Yoneda
- Department of Pathology, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yumi Oshiro
- Department of Pathology, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Tomoya Matsunobu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chie Abe
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fukuokahigashi Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kuboyama
- Department of Pathology, Oita Red Cross Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Nozomi Ueki
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Humanpathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Tang S, Wang Y, Luo R, Fang R, Liu Y, Xiang H, Ran P, Tong Y, Sun M, Tan S, Huang W, Huang J, Lv J, Xu N, Yao Z, Zhang Q, Xu Z, Yue X, Yu Z, Akesu S, Ding Y, Xu C, Lu W, Zhou Y, Hou Y, Ding C. Proteomic characterization identifies clinically relevant subgroups of soft tissue sarcoma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1381. [PMID: 38360860 PMCID: PMC10869728 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcoma is a broad family of mesenchymal malignancies exhibiting remarkable histological diversity. We portray the proteomic landscape of 272 soft tissue sarcomas representing 12 major subtypes. Hierarchical classification finds the similarity of proteomic features between angiosarcoma and epithelial sarcoma, and elevated expression of SHC1 in AS and ES is correlated with poor prognosis. Moreover, proteomic clustering classifies patients of soft tissue sarcoma into 3 proteomic clusters with diverse driven pathways and clinical outcomes. In the proteomic cluster featured with the high cell proliferation rate, APEX1 and NPM1 are found to promote cell proliferation and drive the progression of cancer cells. The classification based on immune signatures defines three immune subtypes with distinctive tumor microenvironments. Further analysis illustrates the potential association between immune evasion markers (PD-L1 and CD80) and tumor metastasis in soft tissue sarcoma. Overall, this analysis uncovers sarcoma-type-specific changes in proteins, providing insights about relationships of soft tissue sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoshuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yunzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Rongkui Luo
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rundong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Peng Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yexin Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Subei Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiacheng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ning Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhenmei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ziyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuetong Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zixiang Yu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujie Akesu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqin Ding
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weiqi Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Sivarajah G, Snow H, Wilkinson MJ, Strauss DC, Smith MJ, Hayes AJ. Low local recurrence rates following marginal surgical resection of non-coelomic Atypical Lipomatous Tumours/Well-differentiated Liposarcomas. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:107301. [PMID: 38041960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.107301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High rates of local recurrence (LR) have been reported following resection of extremity Atypical lipomatous tumours/Well-differentiated liposarcomas (ALTs). This retrospective study of patients who underwent resection of primary deep extremity and trunk ALTs at a specialist sarcoma centre aims to assess morbidity and factors associated with low local recurrence rates (LRR). METHODS To review a homogeneous cohort of patients with low-grade disease, tumours with known high-risk histological features were excluded. Prognostic variables potentially influencing local recurrence (LR) (age, size, site, margin status, and histological findings) were analysed. Endpoints were LR, distant recurrence (DR) and local disease-free survival (LDFS). RESULTS 127 patients were identified, with median follow-up of 54 months (0-235). Median tumour size was 17.5 cm (5-36). 85 % occurred in the lower limb. 93.7 % underwent marginal resection. No patients received radiotherapy. Median hospital stay was 3 days (0-16). 7.9 % returned to theatre for evacuation of haematoma or infected seroma and 18.1 % had outpatient seroma aspiration. Surgical margins were R0/R1 in 93.7 % of patients and R2 in 6.3 % with a LR rate of 8.4 % and 75 % respectively at median time of 54 months. One- and 5-year LDFS was 100 % and 88.4 %, respectively. DR rate was 0.8 % (1/127) this patient had pleomorphic liposarcomatous transformation on recurrence and subsequently developed distant metastases. No patients died of disease. CONCLUSION Function-preserving marginal resection of non-coelomic ALTs has low morbidity, low LR and extremely low rates of distant relapse. Patients with lower limb ALT were found to have significantly lower LR, which may impact follow-up protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gausihi Sivarajah
- Sarcoma and Melanoma Unit, Department of Academic Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Rd, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hayden Snow
- Sarcoma and Melanoma Unit, Department of Academic Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Rd, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle J Wilkinson
- Sarcoma and Melanoma Unit, Department of Academic Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Rd, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Dirk C Strauss
- Sarcoma and Melanoma Unit, Department of Academic Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Rd, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Myles Jf Smith
- Sarcoma and Melanoma Unit, Department of Academic Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Rd, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Hayes
- Sarcoma and Melanoma Unit, Department of Academic Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Rd, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
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Deacu M, Bosoteanu M, Enciu M, Cozaru GC, Cojocaru O, Baltatescu GI, Nicolau AA, Orasanu CI, Caraban BM, Voda RI. The Predictive Role of the Histopathological Scoring System in Adipose Tumors-Lipoma, Atypical Lipomatous Tumor, and Liposarcoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3606. [PMID: 38132190 PMCID: PMC10742782 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13243606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipomatous tumors are the most frequent soft tissue neoplasms. Sometimes their differential diagnosis is difficult to perform only by microscopic analysis. This study aims to create a histopathological scoring system and highlight the impact of intratumoral microvascular density. This study was conducted over 10 years. We analyzed the main pathogenic pathways (MDM2 and CDK4), as well as the tumor microvascularization (CD31 and CD34) by immunohistochemical tests. We also analyzed the status of the MDM2 gene by CISH. These data, together with the clinical and histopathological information, were statistically analyzed by appropriate tests. We identified 112 eligible cases, with most of the patients being in their sixth decade of life, with a slight predominance of the female sex. We found important associations like tumor location linked to nuclear pleomorphism severity and microvascularization density correlated with atypia severity. Also, we observed that a maximum diameter of a tumor of at least 69 mm is associated with the presence of tumor necrosis. The score designed in this study shows an increased sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of lipomas (100%, respectively, 97%), atypical lipomatous tumors (93.8%, respectively, 82.3%), and liposarcomas (100%, respectively, 90.5%). This present study enhances the present data by bringing to attention the histopathological score with a role in differential diagnosis, as well as in the prediction of immunohistochemical and genetic tests. Also, we highlighted the importance of microvascular density, especially in the diagnosis of liposarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Deacu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania; (M.D.); (M.B.); (M.E.); (O.C.); (G.I.B.); (A.A.N.); (R.I.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Madalina Bosoteanu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania; (M.D.); (M.B.); (M.E.); (O.C.); (G.I.B.); (A.A.N.); (R.I.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Manuela Enciu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania; (M.D.); (M.B.); (M.E.); (O.C.); (G.I.B.); (A.A.N.); (R.I.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Georgeta Camelia Cozaru
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania;
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Genetics, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Oana Cojocaru
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania; (M.D.); (M.B.); (M.E.); (O.C.); (G.I.B.); (A.A.N.); (R.I.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Gabriela Izabela Baltatescu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania; (M.D.); (M.B.); (M.E.); (O.C.); (G.I.B.); (A.A.N.); (R.I.V.)
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Anca Antonela Nicolau
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania; (M.D.); (M.B.); (M.E.); (O.C.); (G.I.B.); (A.A.N.); (R.I.V.)
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Cristian Ionut Orasanu
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania; (M.D.); (M.B.); (M.E.); (O.C.); (G.I.B.); (A.A.N.); (R.I.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Marian Caraban
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
- Clinical Department of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery—Reconstructive, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Raluca Ioana Voda
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Department of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania; (M.D.); (M.B.); (M.E.); (O.C.); (G.I.B.); (A.A.N.); (R.I.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania;
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10
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Mindiola Romero AE, Tafe LJ, Green DC, Deharvengt SJ, Winnick KN, Tsongalis GJ, Baker ML, Linos K, Levy JJ, Kerr DA. Utility of Retrospective Molecular Analysis in Diagnostically Challenging Mesenchymal Neoplasms. Int J Surg Pathol 2023; 31:1473-1484. [PMID: 36911994 DOI: 10.1177/10668969231157783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Molecular analysis plays a growing role in the diagnosis of mesenchymal neoplasms. The aim of this study was to retrospectively apply broad, multiplex molecular assays (a solid tumor targeted next-generation sequencing [NGS]) assay and single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] microarray) to selected tumors, exploring the current utility and limitations. Methods: We searched our database (2010-2020) for diagnostically challenging mesenchymal neoplasms. After histologic review of available slides, tissue blocks were selected for NGS, SNP microarray, or both. DNA and RNA were extracted using the AllPrep DNA/RNA FFPE Kit Protocol on the QIAcube instrument. The NGS platform used was the TruSight Tumor 170 (TST-170). For SNP array, copy number variant (CNV) analysis was performed using the OncoScanTM CNV Plus Assay. Results: DNA/RNA was successfully extracted from 50% of tumors (n = 10/20). Specimens not successfully extracted included 6 core biopsies, 3 incisional biopsies, and 1 resection; 4 were decalcified (3 hydrochloric acid, 1 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). Higher tumor proportion and number of tumor cells were parameters positively associated with sufficient DNA/RNA extraction whereas necrosis and decalcification were negatively associated with sufficient extraction. Molecular testing helped reach a definitive diagnosis in 50% of tumors (n = 5/10). Conclusions: Although the overall utility of this approach is limited, these molecular panels can be helpful in detecting a specific "driver" alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres E Mindiola Romero
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Laura J Tafe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Donald C Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Sophie J Deharvengt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Kimberly N Winnick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Gregory J Tsongalis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Michael L Baker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Konstantinos Linos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Joshua J Levy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Darcy A Kerr
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
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11
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Yang JL, Jin YL, Sun YS. Primary dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the pancreas: A case report and literature review. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:791-796. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i18.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a high-grade invasive tumor that more commonly occurs in the retroperitoneum, followed by the thighs and groin. DDLPS in the pancreas is very rare.
CASE SUMMARY A patient underwent CT examination due to hidden pain in the upper abdomen, which revealed a pancreatic space occupying lesion of unknown nature. Based on the patient's preoperative medical history, physical examination, and auxiliary examination, it was considered that there was a huge space occupying lesion in the head and neck of the pancreas, with clear boundaries and surgical indications. The patient underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at our hospital, and the postoperative pathology revealed a DDLPS of the pancreas. Three months after the surgery, tumor recurrence occurred. Dacarbazine combined with epirubicin chemotherapy had a poor effect, and the patient passed away 18 mo later.
CONCLUSION Due to the fact that DDLPS of the pancreas is usually not significantly responsive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the currently most effective treatment method for DDLPS of the pancreas is resection with negative margin under a microscope. However, due to the deep location of liposarcoma in the pancreas and its proximity to many surrounding organs, it is difficult to completely remove the tumor, and many patients may develop regional recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Yang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan-Ling Jin
- Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuan-Shui Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
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12
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Oka N, Hashimoto K, Shinyashiki Y, Nishimura S, Akagi M. Aggressive intraosseous lipoma of the scapula: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:400. [PMID: 37522061 PMCID: PMC10375447 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The details of the pathogenesis of intraosseous lipomas are not fully elucidated, although most cases do not require surgical treatment. The present report describes the case of a 79-year-old female patient diagnosed with intracapsular lipoma who also exhibited an extraosseous extension. Chest computed tomography revealed an abnormal shadow or a mass in the right scapula and destruction of the glenoid bone. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a high-intensity mass on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images in the same area. Marginal resection of the mass was performed. The histopathology confirmed that the mass was a lipoma. No postoperative recurrence was observed. Oncologists must be aware that lipoma arising within the scapula may extend outside the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Oka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kushimoto Municipality Hospital, Kushimoto-Cho, Wakayama 649-3510, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kushimoto Municipality Hospital, Kushimoto-Cho, Wakayama 649-3510, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yu Shinyashiki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kushimoto Municipality Hospital, Kushimoto-Cho, Wakayama 649-3510, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Shunji Nishimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masao Akagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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13
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Ciongariu AM, Dumitru AV, Cîrstoiu C, Crețu B, Sajin M, Țăpoi DA, Ciobănoiu AD, Bejenariu A, Marin A, Costache M. The Conundrum of Dedifferentiation in a Liposarcoma at a Peculiar Location: A Case Report and Literature Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59050967. [PMID: 37241198 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the deep soft tissue of the lower extremities is an infrequent finding. Myxoid liposarcoma is considered the most common soft tissue neoplasia arising in this anatomic region. Divergent differentiation usually occurs within well-differentiated liposarcoma and is exceedingly rare in a myxoid liposarcoma. We report a 32-year-old man who developed a dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the thigh on the background of a pre-existing myxoid liposarcoma. The gross examination of the surgical specimen showed a 11/7/2 cm tumour mass with solid tan-grey areas and focal myxoid degeneration. The microscopic examination revealed a malignant lipogenic proliferation, containing round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and atypical lipoblasts, confined to the basophilic stroma with a myxoid aspect. Abrupt transition towards a hypercellular, non-lipogenic area consisting of highly pleomorphic spindle cells with atypical mitotic figures was also noted. Immunohistochemical staining was performed. Tumour cells in the lipogenic area were intensely positive for S100 and p16, and CD34 staining highlighted an arborizing capillary network. The dedifferentiated tumour areas showed positive MDM2 and CDK4 staining within neoplastic cells, with the Ki 67 proliferation marker expressed in approximately 10% of the cells. Wild-type TP53 protein expression pattern was documented. Thus, the diagnosis of a dedifferentiated liposarcoma was established. This paper aims to provide further knowledge about liposarcomas with divergent differentiation at peculiar locations, emphasizing the importance of histopathologic examination and immunohistochemical analysis for establishing the diagnosis and assessing the therapeutic response and prognosis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Ciongariu
- Pathology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Morphology Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian-Vasile Dumitru
- Pathology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Morphology Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cătălin Cîrstoiu
- Morphology Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Crețu
- Morphology Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Sajin
- Pathology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Morphology Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dana-Antonia Țăpoi
- Pathology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Morphology Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aminia-Diana Ciobănoiu
- Pathology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Morphology Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Bejenariu
- Pathology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Marin
- Pathology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Morphology Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Plastic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Costache
- Pathology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Morphology Department, Faculty of Medicine "Carol Davila", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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14
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Sagar M, Yadav R, Deval P, Kumar M, Maurya MK, Qayoom S. Immunohistochemical Expression of p16 and CDK4 in Soft Tissue Tumors. Cureus 2023; 15:e35713. [PMID: 37016649 PMCID: PMC10066853 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of p16 (p16INK4a) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK4 markers in various lineages of soft tissue tumors and to evaluate their role in differentiating atypical lipomatous tumors/well-differentiated liposarcomas from benign lipomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 70 cases of both excisional and incisional biopsies of soft tissue tumors were included in this study. Histopathological examination was done by using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples. After that, we performed IHC expressions of p16 and CDK4 markers on the unstained slides of these soft tissue tumors. Results: Immunohistochemical study showed that positive expressions of p16, CDK4, and combined (p16+CDK4) markers were 51.4%, 10.0%, and 12.9%, respectively in soft tissue tumors. Positive p16 expression was observed among a higher proportion of malignant cases (66.7%) as compared to benign (20.0%) and intermediate (50.0%) cases. This difference was found to be statistically significant (p=0.009). Negative expression of only CDK4 and combined (p16 and CDK4) were observed among a higher proportion of benign as compared to malignant and intermediate cases (90.0% vs. 78.6% & 75.0%, p=0.393 and 65.0% vs. 26.2% & 37.5%, p=0.028, respectively). This difference was not found to be statistically significant. For adipocytic tumors, the majority of malignant and intermediate tumors had positive p16 (7/7; 100%) and CDK4 (6/7; 85.7%) immunohistochemical expression. These differences were found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSION Immunohistochemical marker p16 can be used to differentiate between malignant and benign soft tissue tumors. Amongst adipocytic tumors, combination of p16 and CDK4 immunohistochemical expression can be used to differentiate liposarcomas from benign ones.
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15
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Gruel N, El Zein S, Tzanis D, Nicolas N, Maraval A, Fieffe C, Bonvalot S, Caly M, Fuhrmann L, Ait Rais K, Jovelin S, Bonnet C, Pierron G, Watson S. MDM4 amplification in atypical lipomatous tumors/well-differentiated liposarcoma: Private event or alternative oncogenic mechanism? Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2023; 62:367-372. [PMID: 36744846 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytic tumors are the most common mesenchymal tumors in soft tissues. Among them, a diagnostic challenge relies in the distinction between lipoma and atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT)/well differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS), as both entities are often undistinguishable not only from a radiological point of view, but also at the microscopic level and particularly when dealing with small tumor specimen. Thus, detection of recurrent MDM2 amplifications may be the only criteria to discriminate malignant tumors from lipomas. In this study, we report the case of a patient diagnosed with a well differentiated, adipocytic tumor located in the inferior limb and lacking MDM2 amplification, whose diagnosis was reclassified for ALT/WDLPS after identification of an alternative MDM4 amplification by comparative genomic hybridization profiling, whole exome sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Screening of a cohort of 37 large, deep-seated, well-differentiated adipocytic tumors previously classified as lipomas using RT-qPCR and FISH failed to detect other cases of MDM4-amplified ALT/WDLPS. This report shows that MDM4 amplification is an exceptional molecular event alternative to MDM2 amplification in ALT/WDLPS. This alteration should be considered and looked for in suspicious adipocytic tumors to optimize their surgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Gruel
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Paris, France.,Department of Translationnal Research, Institut Curie Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Sophie El Zein
- Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medecine, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Dimitri Tzanis
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Nayla Nicolas
- Department of Radiology, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Maraval
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Fieffe
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Bonvalot
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Martial Caly
- Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medecine, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Fuhrmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medecine, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Khadija Ait Rais
- Somatic Genetic Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Jovelin
- Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medecine, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Clément Bonnet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Pierron
- Somatic Genetic Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Watson
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, Paris, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
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16
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Robustness of Radiomic Features: Two-Dimensional versus Three-Dimensional MRI-Based Feature Reproducibility in Lipomatous Soft-Tissue Tumors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020258. [PMID: 36673068 PMCID: PMC9858448 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to compare the intra- and inter-observer manual-segmentation variability in the feature reproducibility between two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomic features. The study included patients with lipomatous soft-tissue tumors that were diagnosed with histopathology and underwent MRI scans. Tumor segmentation based on the 2D and 3D MRI images was performed by two observers to assess the intra- and inter-observer variability. In both the 2D and the 3D segmentations, the radiomic features were extracted from the normalized images. Regarding the stability of the features, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the intra- and inter-observer segmentation variability. Features with ICC > 0.75 were considered reproducible. The degree of feature robustness was classified as low, moderate, or high. Additionally, we compared the efficacy of 2D and 3D contour-focused segmentation in terms of the effects of the stable feature rate, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of machine learning on the reproducible features. In total, 93 and 107 features were extracted from the 2D and 3D images, respectively. Only 35 features from the 2D images and 63 features from the 3D images were reproducible. The stable feature rate for the 3D segmentation was more significant than for the 2D segmentation (58.9% vs. 37.6%, p = 0.002). The majority of the features for the 3D segmentation had moderate-to-high robustness, while 40.9% of the features for the 2D segmentation had low robustness. The diagnostic accuracy of the machine-learning model for the 2D segmentation was close to that for the 3D segmentation (88% vs. 90%). In both the 2D and the 3D segmentation, the specificity values were equal to 100%. However, the sensitivity for the 2D segmentation was lower than for the 3D segmentation (75% vs. 83%). For the 2D + 3D radiomic features, the model achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 87% (sensitivity, 100%, and specificity, 80%). Both 2D and 3D MRI-based radiomic features of lipomatous soft-tissue tumors are reproducible. With a higher stable feature rate, 3D contour-focused segmentation should be selected for the feature-extraction process.
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17
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Gambella A, Bertero L, Rondón-Lagos M, Verdun Di Cantogno L, Rangel N, Pitino C, Ricci AA, Mangherini L, Castellano I, Cassoni P. FISH Diagnostic Assessment of MDM2 Amplification in Liposarcoma: Potential Pitfalls and Troubleshooting Recommendations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021342. [PMID: 36674856 PMCID: PMC9863600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MDM2 amplification represents the leading oncogenic pathway and diagnostic hallmark of liposarcoma, whose assessment is based on Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis. Despite its diagnostic relevance, no univocal interpretation criteria regarding FISH assessments of MDM2 amplification have been established so far, leading to several different approaches and potential diagnostic misinterpretations. This study aims to address the most common issues and proposes troubleshooting guidelines for MDM2 amplification assessments by FISH. We retrospectively retrieved 51 liposarcomas, 25 Lipomas, 5 Spindle Cell Lipoma/Pleomorphic Lipomas, and 2 Atypical Spindle Cell Lipomatous Tumors and the corresponding MDM2 FISH analysis. We observed MDM2 amplification in liposarcomas cases only (43 out of 51 cases) and identified three MDM2-amplified patterns (scattered (50% of cases), clustered (14% of cases), and mixed (36% of cases)) and two nonamplified patterns (low number of signals (82% of cases) and polysomic (18% of cases)). Based on these data and published evidence in the literature, we propose a set of criteria to guide MDM2 amplification analysis in liposarcoma. Kindled by the compelling importance of MDM2 assessments to improve diagnostic and therapeutic liposarcoma management, these suggestions could represent the first step to develop a univocal interpretation model and consensus guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gambella
- Division of Liver and Transplant Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Bertero
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Milena Rondón-Lagos
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia
| | - Ludovica Verdun Di Cantogno
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Nelson Rangel
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Chiara Pitino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Luca Mangherini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Paola Cassoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-633-5588
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18
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Yoshida K, Nakamura T, Nakamura K, Matsuyama Y, Hagi T, Asanuma K, Sudo A. The Characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging and immunohistochemical findings in de-differentiated liposarcoma. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2023; 31:10225536231151519. [PMID: 36728750 DOI: 10.1177/10225536231151519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiological imaging in Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) often shows the coexistence of fatty and non-fatty solid components; however, it has been shown that when fatty components were not identified on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the diagnosis of DDLPS would not have been diagnosed if immunohistochemical (IHC) staining had not been performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of MRI and relationship between MRI and IHC findings in DDLPS. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 25 patients with DDLPS. To identify the MRI spectrum of DDLPS, tumors were classified into the following four categories based on MRI findings: I = a well-defined fatty mass and juxtaposed well-defined non-fatty mass, II = a non-fatty component within a predominantly fatty mass, III = a focal fatty component within a large non-fatty mass, and IV = a non-fatty mass with atypical MRI findings. IHC staining for CDK4, MDM2, and p16 were evaluated. RESULTS Category IV tumor was the most common tumor in this population. Of the 22 patients who underwent IHC staining, MDM2, CDK4, and p16 were positive in 21, 20, and 19 patients, respectively. MDM2 was positive in all 11 patients with category IV tumors; CDK4 and p 16 were positive in 10 and eight patients, respectively. There was no difference of survival between the patients with category I, II and III and category IV. CONCLUSIONS DDLPS without fatty components on MRI scans was mostly found. We recommend IHC staining to screen for DDLPS even if the tumors in STS cases have a non-fatty component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yoshida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Koichi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Tomohito Hagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Asanuma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sudo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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19
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Silva EV, Silveira HA, Panucci BZM, Molena KF, Almeida LY, Bufalino A, León JE. Intraoral lipoma with degenerative changes mimicking atypical lipomatous tumor: an immunohistochemical study. Autops Case Rep 2022; 13:e2021413. [PMID: 36619259 PMCID: PMC9815838 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2021.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipomas are mesenchymal neoplasms relatively uncommon in the oral cavity. Lipomas can exhibit histopathological features mimicking atypical lipomatous tumors (ALT) or dysplastic lipoma (DL) in the presence of degenerative changes. Relevantly, immunohistochemistry assists in the correct diagnosis. Herein, we present the case of a 54-year-old male with a sessile nodule located on the dorsum of the tongue. The histopathological analysis showed a diffuse, non-circumscribed adipocytic proliferation constituted by cells of variable size containing cytoplasmic vacuoles and displaced nuclei, some resembling lipoblasts supported by fibrous connective tissue stroma. By immunohistochemistry, tumor cells were positive for vimentin, S100, FASN, CD10, and p16. Rb expression was intact. Moreover, CD34, p53, MDM2, and CDK4 were negative. After 2-year of follow-up, no alteration or recurrence was observed. In conclusion, MDM2, CDK4, p53, and Rb immunomarkers can be used reliably to differentiate benign lipoma with degenerative changes from ALT and DL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evânio Vilela Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Araraquara Dental School, Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, SP, Brasil,Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto Dental School, Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health, and Forensic Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Heitor Albergoni Silveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Araraquara Dental School, Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, SP, Brasil,Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto Dental School, Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health, and Forensic Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Beatriz Zamboni Martins Panucci
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto Dental School, Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health, and Forensic Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Kelly Fernanda Molena
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto Dental School, Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health, and Forensic Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Luciana Yamamoto Almeida
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Araraquara Dental School, Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Andreia Bufalino
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Araraquara Dental School, Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Jorge Esquiche León
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto Dental School, Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health, and Forensic Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
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20
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Zhao M, Nie P, Guo Y, Chen H. Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma: A rare cause of filling defects in pulmonary arteries. Am J Med Sci 2022; 364:655-660. [PMID: 35588894 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary artery intimal sarcomas are very rare and arise from primitive pluripotent mesenchymal cells. They are often misdiagnosed as pulmonary thromboembolism, leading to futile anticoagulation treatment and delayed diagnosis. We present a case of a patient who showed nonspecific pulmonary symptoms and characteristic imaging manifestation. Progressive symptoms and additional imaging led to the suspicion of a pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma, which was finally confirmed by pathological biopsy. This case serves as a reminder to consider pulmonary artery intimal sarcomas in the differential diagnosis of patients with dyspnea and filling defects on computed tomography pulmonary angiography or contrast-enhanced computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266003
| | - Pei Nie
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266003
| | - Yonghua Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266003
| | - Haisong Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China, 266003.
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21
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Osuna-Soto J, Caro Cuenca T, Sanz-Zorrilla A, Torrecilla-Martínez A, Ortega Salas R, Leiva-Cepas F. Prognosis and survival of patients diagnosed with well-differentiated and dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Cir Esp 2022; 100:622-628. [PMID: 35753575 DOI: 10.1016/j.cireng.2022.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective is to establish the overall survival and disease-free survival profiles regarding the patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma, making a comparison based on the well-differentiated and dedifferentiated histological subtypes. The secondary objectives are to descriptively analyze the clinical characteristics of said patients and to identify and analyze other independent variables that might modify these survival profiles significantly. METHODS An observational and analytical study was performed using a retrospective historical cohort that was followed prospectively. The inclusion criteria consisted of: the procedure of liposarcoma located in the retroperitoneum, the well-differentiated and dedifferentiated histological subtypes, between January of 2002 and May of 2019. As a result, 32 patients took part in this study's sample. Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to summarise the results and log-rank test was used in the comparative analysis. RESULTS The overall survival at 5 years was around 59%. No differences were found between the patients with a well-differentiated subtype compared to the dedifferentiated ones (p = 0.834). The disease-free survival at 2 years was 59% regarding the well-differentiated and 26% regarding the dedifferentiated, with these differences being statistically significant (p = 0.005). None of the other studied variables modified these survival profiles significantly. CONCLUSIONS Dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcomas show less disease-free survival than well-differentiated liposarcomas. However, regarding overall survival no differences can be claimed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Osuna-Soto
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Sociosanitarias, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Teresa Caro Cuenca
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alicia Sanz-Zorrilla
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Torrecilla-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Sociosanitarias, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rosa Ortega Salas
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fernando Leiva-Cepas
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Sociosanitarias, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Regeneración Muscular (REGMUS), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
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22
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Resag A, Toffanin G, Benešová I, Müller L, Potkrajcic V, Ozaniak A, Lischke R, Bartunkova J, Rosato A, Jöhrens K, Eckert F, Strizova Z, Schmitz M. The Immune Contexture of Liposarcoma and Its Clinical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194578. [PMID: 36230502 PMCID: PMC9559230 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposarcomas (LPS) are the most frequent malignancies in the soft tissue sarcoma family and consist of five distinctive histological subtypes, termed well-differentiated LPS, dedifferentiated LPS (DDLPS), myxoid LPS (MLPS), pleomorphic LPS, and myxoid pleomorphic LPS. They display variations in genetic alterations, clinical behavior, and prognostic course. While accumulating evidence implicates a crucial role of the tumor immune contexture in shaping the response to anticancer treatments, the immunological landscape of LPS is highly variable across different subtypes. Thus, DDLPS is characterized by a higher abundance of infiltrating T cells, yet the opposite was reported for MLPS. Interestingly, a recent study indicated that the frequency of pre-existing T cells in soft tissue sarcomas has a predictive value for immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapy. Additionally, B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures were identified as potential biomarkers for the clinical outcome of LPS patients and response to CPI therapy. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that macrophages, predominantly of M2 polarization, are frequently associated with poor prognosis. An improved understanding of the complex LPS immune contexture enables the design and refinement of novel immunotherapeutic approaches. Here, we summarize recent studies focusing on the clinicopathological, genetic, and immunological determinants of LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Resag
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Giulia Toffanin
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Iva Benešová
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luise Müller
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vlatko Potkrajcic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andrej Ozaniak
- Third Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Lischke
- Third Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jirina Bartunkova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Korinna Jöhrens
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Eckert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zuzana Strizova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (Z.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +420-604712471 (Z.S.); +49-351-458-6501 (M.S.)
| | - Marc Schmitz
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (Z.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +420-604712471 (Z.S.); +49-351-458-6501 (M.S.)
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23
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Molecular classification of soft tissue sarcomas for adequate diagnosis: A study on the northeast population of Morocco. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10673. [PMID: 36164527 PMCID: PMC9508571 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of tumors. For adequate therapeutic management, an accurate diagnosis is necessary. In Morocco, the diagnosis is essentially based on the morphological and immunohistochemical study. Compared to other techniques, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is easier to develop and less expensive. This study aims to assess the feasibility and utility of implementing FISH technique to improve diagnostic accuracy and establish a good classification. Material and methods This is a retrospective cohort study. 211 cases of mesenchymal tumors were included. Hematoxylin Eosin Safran (HES) staining was performed in all cases followed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). FISH was performed in all cases with suspected STS. The probes used were EWSR1, MDM2 and SS18. The performance of FISH and histopathological test were evaluated by the ROC curve method (receiver operating characteristic). We evaluated the concordance between FISH and real time PCR by Cohen test. Results The real-time PCR technique showed good agreement with the FISH test by a Kappa coefficient of 60% (p = 0.035). FISH was able to confirm that it is more accurate (Youden's Index = 91%) than histological/immunohistochemical analysis (Youden's Index = 51%), as well as the positive predictive value was higher (100%) with an ROC curve finding a larger area under the curve of 0.953 (95% CI: 0.918-0.988), p = 0.000 which supports that FISH shows high performance to present an accurate final diagnosis. Conclusion This is the first and the largest Moroccan series for the molecular diagnosis of STS by FISH. Our study shows that paraffin FISH is a sensitive and specific ancillary tool in the diagnosis of STS when used in the appropriate clinicopathological context.
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24
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Abstract
➤ Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) in adults comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors of mesenchymal origin that share similar biological patterns of local tumor growth and metastatic dissemination. ➤ The judicious use of imaging studies, biopsy techniques, and pathological evaluations is essential for accurate diagnosis and for planning treatment strategy. ➤ Wide local resection and radiation therapy form the cornerstone of management of high-grade STS. The role of adjuvant radiation therapy is questionable in the management of small (≤5 cm) superficial lesions that can be resected with negative margins. Chemotherapy given to patients who have nonmetastatic, high-grade STS results in varying benefit in terms of local tumor control and overall survival. ➤ Coordinated care by a multidisciplinary team of trained surgeons, medical oncologists, radiologists, radiation oncologists, and pathologists has been documented to improve local tumor control and the overall survival of patients with STS. ➤ Although considerable progress in tumor diagnostics and targeted therapies has been made over the past 2 decades, recommendations and controversies relating to tumor imaging and margins of resection have not changed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Bickels
- Unit of Orthopedic Oncology, Orthopedic Division, Hillel-Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel, affiliated with the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, The Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Martin M Malawer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
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25
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Epigenetics of Cutaneous Sarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010422. [PMID: 35008848 PMCID: PMC8745302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes influence various physiological and pathological conditions in the human body. Recent advances in epigenetic studies of the skin have led to an appreciation of the importance of epigenetic modifications in skin diseases. Cutaneous sarcomas are intractable skin cancers, and there are no curative therapeutic options for the advanced forms of cutaneous sarcomas. In this review, we discuss the detailed molecular effects of epigenetic modifications on skin sarcomas, such as dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, angiosarcoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and liposarcoma. We also discuss the application of epigenetic-targeted therapy for skin sarcomas.
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26
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Tada Y, Yasunaga M, Tomonobe H, Yamada Y, Hori E, Okugawa K, Yahata H, Oda Y, Kato K. A Case of Malignant Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast Metastasizing to the Ovary. Int J Surg Pathol 2021; 30:427-431. [PMID: 34761702 DOI: 10.1177/10668969211056912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phyllodes tumors of the breast are uncommon, and 6.2% of phyllodes tumors behave in a malignant fashion. The metastatic spread of malignant phyllodes tumor is mainly hematogenous to lung and bone, and malignant phyllodes tumor metastasizing to the ovary is rare, with only 2 cases reported. We report the third case of metastatic malignant phyllodes tumor to the ovary with a focus on the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Tada
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, 145181Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yasunaga
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, 145181Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tomonobe
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, 145181Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamada
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 145181Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Emiko Hori
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, 145181Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaoru Okugawa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, 145181Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yahata
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, 145181Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, 145181Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Kato
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, 145181Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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27
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Expression of FRS2 in atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma: an immunohistochemical analysis of 182 cases with genetic data. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:96. [PMID: 34696768 PMCID: PMC8543942 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-021-01161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 (FRS2) gene is located close to MDM2 and CDK4 within the 12q13-15 chromosomal region. FRS2 gene was recently found to be consistently amplified in atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT)/well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDL) and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL), suggesting the detection of FRS2 amplification could be a diagnostic tool for ALT/WDL/DDLs. However, the expression of FRS2 protein and diagnostic value of FRS2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) has not been evaluated in a large cohort of ALT/WDL/DDLs. Methods A SNOMED search of hospital surgical pathology files from January 2007 to July 2020 identified 182 ALT/WDL/DDLs with available materials. FRS2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and IHC were performed on 182 ALT/WDL/DDLs and 64 control samples. The expression of FRS2 was also compared with that of classic immunomarkers (MDM2 and CDK4) of this tumor entity. Results This study included 91 ALT/WDLs and 91 DDLs. The FISH results showed 172 of 182 (94.5%) cases were FRS2-amplified, and 10 cases were FRS2-nonamplified. Immunostaining results showed 171 (94.0%) ALT/WDL/DDLs were positive for FRS2 and 11 cases (6.0%) were FRS2-immunonegative. In 172 FRS2-amplified cases, 166 (96.5%) were FRS2-immunopositive, and 6 (3.5%) were negative. Among 10 FRS2-nonamplified ALT/WDL/DDL cases, 5 cases were FRS2-immunonegative, and 5 tumors displayed 1+ staining for this marker. In 64 control cases, none of them exhibited FRS2 amplification. Forty-seven (73.5%) control cases were negative for FRS2 immunostaining, while 17 cases (26.5%) were FRS2-immunopositive. Fifteen of these false positive samples (15/17, 88.2%) showed 1+ positivity and only 2 cases (2/17, 11.8%) displayed 2+ positivity. In ALT/WDL/DDLs, the sensitivity of FRS2 immunostaining was slightly lower than MDM2 (FRS2 vs. MDM2: 94.0% vs 100.0%) and CDK4 (FRS2 vs. CDK4: 94.0% vs 97.0%). However, the specificity of FRS2 (73.5%) was slightly higher than that of MDM2 (67.8%) and CDK4 (64.4%). Conclusion This study indicated that FRS2 IHC had relatively good consistency with FRS2 FISH, suggesting that FRS2 immunostaining could be utilized as an additional screening tool for the diagnosis of ALT/WDL/DDL. It must be emphasized that MDM2/CDK4/FRS2 especially MDM2 FISH remains the gold standard and the most recommended method to diagnose this entity.
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28
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Sharma SR, Paonessa NE, Casadei L, Costas De Faria F, Pollock RE, Grignol V. Clinical biomarkers in soft tissue sarcoma A comprehensive review of current soft tissue sarcoma biomarkers. J Surg Oncol 2021; 125:239-245. [PMID: 34586640 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of tumors that arise from mesenchymal tissue. Investigation at the molecular level has been challenging due to the rarity of STS and the number of histologic subtypes. However, recent research has provided new insight into potential genomic, proteomic, and immunological biomarkers of STS. The identification of biomarkers can improve diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of recurrence and treatment response. This review provides an understanding of biomarkers, discussing the current status of biomarker research in STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya R Sharma
- James Cancer Hospital Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nadia E Paonessa
- James Cancer Hospital Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lucia Casadei
- James Cancer Hospital Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Raphael E Pollock
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Valerie Grignol
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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29
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Osuna-Soto J, Caro Cuenca T, Sanz-Zorrilla A, Torrecilla-Martínez A, Ortega Salas R, Leiva-Cepas F. Prognosis and survival of patients diagnosed with well-differentiated and dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Cir Esp 2021; 100:S0009-739X(21)00224-4. [PMID: 34366104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective is to establish the overall survival and disease-free survival profiles regarding the patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma, making a comparison based on the well-differentiated and dedifferentiated histological subtypes. The secondary objectives are to descriptively analyze the clinical characteristics of said patients and to identify and analyze other independent variables that might modify these survival profiles significantly. METHODS An observational and analytical study was performed using a retrospective historical cohort that was followed prospectively. The inclusion criteria consisted of: the procedure of liposarcoma located in the retroperitoneum, the well-differentiated and dedifferentiated histological subtypes, between January 2002 and May 2019. As a result, 32 patients took part in this study's sample. Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to summarize the results and log-rank test was used in the comparative analysis. RESULTS The overall survival at 5 years was around 59%. No differences were found between the patients with a well-differentiated subtype compared to the dedifferentiated ones (p=0.834). The disease-free survival at 2 years was 59% regarding the well-differentiated and 26% regarding the dedifferentiated, with these differences being statistically significant (p=0.005). None of the other studied variables modified these survival profiles significantly. CONCLUSIONS Dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcomas show less disease-free survival than well-differentiated liposarcomas. However, regarding overall survival no differences can be claimed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Osuna-Soto
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Sociosanitarias, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, España
| | - Teresa Caro Cuenca
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Córdoba, España
| | - Alicia Sanz-Zorrilla
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Córdoba, España
| | - Antonio Torrecilla-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Sociosanitarias, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, España
| | - Rosa Ortega Salas
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Córdoba, España
| | - Fernando Leiva-Cepas
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Sociosanitarias, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, España; Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, Córdoba, España; Grupo de Investigación en Regeneración Muscular (REGMUS). Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, España.
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30
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Nishio J, Nakayama S, Nabeshima K, Yamamoto T. Biology and Management of Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma: State of the Art and Perspectives. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3230. [PMID: 34362013 PMCID: PMC8348700 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL) is defined as the transition from well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDL)/atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT) to non-lipogenic sarcoma, which arises mostly in the retroperitoneum and deep soft tissue of proximal extremities. It is characterized by a supernumerary ring and giant marker chromosomes, both of which contain amplified sequences of 12q13-15 including murinedouble minute 2 (MDM2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) cell cycle oncogenes. Detection of MDM2 (and/or CDK4) amplification serves to distinguish DDL from other undifferentiated sarcomas. Recently, CTDSP1/2-DNM3OS fusion genes have been identified in a subset of DDL. However, the genetic events associated with dedifferentiation of WDL/ALT remain to be clarified. The standard treatment for localized DDL is surgery, with or without radiotherapy. In advanced disease, the standard first-line therapy is an anthracycline-based regimen, with either single-agent anthracycline or anthracycline in combination with the alkylating agent ifosfamide. Unfortunately, this regimen has not necessarily led to a satisfactory clinical outcome. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of DDL may allow for the development of more-effective innovative therapeutic strategies. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, histopathology and treatment of DDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nishio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.N.); (T.Y.)
| | - Shizuhide Nakayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.N.); (T.Y.)
| | - Kazuki Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan;
| | - Takuaki Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.N.); (T.Y.)
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Tu He Ta Mi Shi ME, Wang N, Yao Q, Dong SS, Feng X, Zhao J, Zou H, Pang LJ, Qi Y. A Case of Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast with Mixed Liposarcoma: Case Report and Literature Review. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3003-3011. [PMID: 33986601 PMCID: PMC8110257 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s298379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phyllodes tumors (PTs) account for less than 1% of breast tumors, and malignant PTs account for even less. Here, we described an unusual case of malignant PT with mixed liposarcoma (myxoid liposarcoma [MLP] and pleomorphic liposarcoma [PLP]). A 52-year-old woman discovered a small lump in her left breast. Twenty years later, the lump suddenly grew within 1 month. Mammography showed space-occupying lesions of the left breast. Histologically, the tumor was characterized by hypercellular stroma covering the epithelium and protrusion of the myoepithelium into the cyst to form a lobulated structure; regions of loose mucus and hypercellular structures alternated. A region of peripheral benign fibroadenoma was also observed, and many stellate and spindle cells or signet ring-like cells were identified in loose areas. Some areas showed a characteristic thin branching vascular pattern. In the cell-rich area, adipocytes and odd megakaryocytes were observed. Atypical mitotic figures were observed in the cell-rich and mucus areas (16 mitoses/10 high-power fields [HPF] and 2 mitoses/10 HPF, respectively). In the immunohistochemical analysis, a small number of tumor cells were positive for AE1/3 and vimentin, whereas all cells were negative for cytokeratin 34βE12, E-cadherin, p63, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and S-100, ruling out the possibility of metaplastic carcinoma. Interestingly, cyclin-dependent kinase 4, mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), and p16 were strongly positive in both loose mucus and cell-rich areas. However, the fluorescence in situ hybridization test results showed that MDM2 was not amplified. Combined with morphological characteristics, these findings supported that the tumor was a mixed malignant PT with MLP and PLP. Our patient did not receive radiation therapy, and after 47 months of follow-up, no recurrence or metastasis occurred. This case report serves to expand the morphologic spectrum of mixed malignant PT with liposarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Er Tu He Ta Mi Shi
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Dong
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zou
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Juan Pang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Qi
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang and Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
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Long V, Pang YH, Law YXT, Low OW, Lee JT, Lee H, Yap YL, Lim J, Lim TC, Nallathamby V. An unusual nasal alar lesion. Australas J Dermatol 2021; 62:e444-e446. [PMID: 33729550 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valencia Long
- Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Huei Pang
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Xi Terence Law
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - O-Wern Low
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Tzer Lee
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hanjing Lee
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Lin Yap
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jane Lim
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiam Chye Lim
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vigneswaran Nallathamby
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Xu L, Xie X, Shi X, Zhang P, Liu A, Wang J, Zhang B. Potential application of genomic profiling for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with sarcoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:353. [PMID: 33747210 PMCID: PMC7967939 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas represent a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal malignancies arising at various locations in the soft tissue and bone. Though a rare disease, sarcoma affects ~200,000 patients worldwide every year. The prognosis of patients with sarcoma is poor, and targeted therapy options are limited; therefore, accurate diagnosis and classification are essential for effective treatment. Sarcoma samples were acquired from 199 patients, in which TP53 (39.70%, 79/199), CDKN2A (19.10%, 38/199), CDKN2B (15.08%, 30/199), KIT (14.07%, 28/199), ATRX (10.05%, 20/199) and RB1 (10.05%, 20/199) were identified as the most commonly mutated genes (>10% incidence). Among 64 soft-tissue sarcomas that were unclassified by immunohistochemistry, 15 (23.44%, 15/64) were subsequently classified using next-generation sequencing (NGS). For the most part, the sarcoma subtypes were evenly distributed between male and female patients, while a significant association with sex was detected in leiomyosarcomas. Statistical analysis showed that osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors and liposarcoma were all significantly associated with the patient age, and that angiosarcoma was significantly associated with high tumor mutational burden. Furthermore, serially mutated genes associated with myxofibrosarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, osteosarcoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma were identified, as well as neurotrophic tropomyosin-related kinase (NTRK) fusions of IRF2BP2-NTRK1, MEF2A-NTRK3 and ITFG1-NTRK3. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that NGS-targeting provides potential new biomarkers for sarcoma diagnosis, and may guide more precise therapeutic strategies for patients with bone and soft-tissue sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Xianbiao Xie
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | | | - Peng Zhang
- OrigiMed Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201114, P.R. China
| | - Angen Liu
- OrigiMed Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201114, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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Lee YJ, Cha WJ, Kim Y, Oh DY. The recurrence of well-differentiated liposarcoma from benign giant intramuscular lipoma: A case (CARE-compliant) report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24711. [PMID: 33578611 PMCID: PMC10545130 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Recurrent liposarcoma, previously confirmed as lipoma, has rarely been reported. However, the risk factors for recurrence and the correlation between benign lipoma and malignant liposarcoma remain unclear. In this case study, we suggest a precise diagnostic strategy to minimize recurrence and malignant transformation. PATIENT CONCERNS A 60-year-old male patient with a history of left chest wall swelling without any symptoms underwent excisional surgery, and the mass was confirmed as a benign lipoma in 2015. In 2019, the patient returned to the hospital with symptoms of a palpable mass on the left chest wall. DIAGNOSIS The mass was considered a recurrent lipomatous tumor with the possibility of malignant transformation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a deep-seated, septate, intramuscular, irregular margin, and large lipomatous tumor invading the ribs, pleura, and adjacent muscle, suggestive of malignancy. The MRI findings were similar to those 4 years ago, except for margin irregularity and invasion to adjacent tissue. INTERVENTIONS Wide en bloc excisions encompassing the 5th to 7th ribs, pleura, and adjacent muscle were followed by reconstruction with a pedicled latissimus dorsi muscle flap. OUTCOMES The recurrent large lipomatous tumor was confirmed as well-differentiated liposarcomas through histological and MDM2-FISH immunohistochemical staining. Postoperatively, follow-up visits continued for 1.5 years without recurrence. LESSONS We suggest that deep-seated, septate, and giant lipomatous tumors should be considered as risk factors for recurrence with the possibility of malignancy and misdiagnosis. It is important to inform patients of all these possibilities and plan close and long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ji Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Vincent hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Won Jin Cha
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Yesol Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deuk Young Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Mashima E, Sawada Y, Nakamura M. Recent Advancement in Atypical Lipomatous Tumor Research. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:994. [PMID: 33498189 PMCID: PMC7863944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22030994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After Evans and colleagues identified the lipomatous tumor with a well-differentiated liposarcoma in a subcutaneous location or within a muscle layer, namely, atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT), this malignancy has been investigated to clarify the characteristics of clinical behavior and genomic changes. As one of the important issues for clinicians, it is a hot topic of how to distinguish ALT from benign lipoma in the clinical aspect. Recent studies revealed novel findings to clarify the risk factor for the diagnosis of ALT and molecular targets for the treatment of ALT. Clinical characteristics of superficial-type ALT well reflect the subcutaneous location of the tumor and are slightly different compared to deep-type ALT, such as tumor size. In addition, there has been a recent discovery of novel findings in ALT-related genes, namely, HMG2A (high mobility group protein 2a), YEATS4 (YEATS domain containing 4), and CPM (Carboxypeptidase M). Recent updates on treatment for advanced ALT are well developed including immunotherapy and conducting clinical trials. Finally, this review introduces one of the hot topics of ALT research focused on epigenetic changes: their attention in recent updates on clinical characteristics and the novel discovery of related genes, treatment, and epigenetic modifications in atypical lipomatous tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Sawada
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (E.M.); (M.N.)
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Boanimbek B, Aznague Y, El Moula A, Abkari I, Benhima MA, Saidi H. Primary liposarcoma of the fibular head: A rare location for a rare tumor: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 78:176-179. [PMID: 33359965 PMCID: PMC7758274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article aims to present a rare tumor due to its nature and location. Which will allow professionals a rapid recognition and adequate management of this type of tumor. It also presents the peculiarities of histological diagnosis. Our work talks about the specificity of the management of fibular head tumors. Finally it deals with the stability of the knee post-surgery.
Introduction Primary bone liposarcoma are extremely rare tumors and their location in the fibular head is exceptional. Case report A 19 year-old patient with a pain on the lateral of the proximal leg. The X-ray found an osteolytic lesion; MRI of the knee revealed a proximal epiphyseal-metaphyseal lesion process of the right fibula contours with cortical lysis and local medullary damage. The pathological study, follow by the immunohistochemical exam and the FISH concluded in an amplification of MDM2 (Murine double minute 2) confirming the presence of a liposarcoma. Discussion The primary bone localization of liposarcomas remains rare. Their localization at the level of the fibular head is exceptional. The proximal fibula is mainly affected by benign tumors, in particular giant cell. Malignant tumors localized to the head of the fibula as well as aggressive benign tumors most often require en bloc resection. Conclusion Although rare, primary liposarcomas can localize to the head of the fibula. It is necessary to establish a clinical, radiological and histological diagnosis for adequate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Boanimbek
- Trauma and Orthopedics Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakesh, Morocco.
| | - Y Aznague
- Trauma and Orthopedics Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - A El Moula
- Trauma and Orthopedics Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - I Abkari
- Trauma and Orthopedics Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - M A Benhima
- Trauma and Orthopedics Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - H Saidi
- Trauma and Orthopedics Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakesh, Morocco
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What Are the Results of Resection of Localized Dedifferentiated Liposarcomas in the Extremities? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2020; 478:2550-2561. [PMID: 33112583 PMCID: PMC7594912 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000001338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a rare malignancy that transitions from an atypical lipomatous tumor to a sarcoma with a variable morphologic appearance. The behavior of this tumor in the retroperitoneum is aggressive, but the behavior of DDLPS in the extremities is less well-defined because it is rare. Few reports have assessed the imaging features and clinical outcomes of primary DDLPS in the extremities. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES In patients with primary DDLPS of the extremity, we asked the following questions: (1) How frequently do additional primary malignancies occur in patients with DDLPS? (2) What is the rate of overall survival, metastases, and local recurrence in DDLPS? (3) What factors are associated with metastasis-free survival and local recurrence in DDLPS? METHODS We defined DDLPS as a biphasic neoplasm that transitions from an atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT) to a sarcoma of variable morphologic appearance and histologic grades. We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of patients with DDLPS of the extremities who underwent surgery in our institution between 2003 and 2017. During that time, 16 patients were treated for this diagnosis; one was excluded from this study because the patient did not have an MRI, leaving 15 patients (nine men, six women; their median [range] age was 67 years [42 to 87]) for evaluation. All had a minimum of 2 years follow-up (median [range] 54 months [25 to 136]); 14 of 15 have been seen in the last 5 years (one patient, who was doing well at the time, was lost after 9 years of follow-up). In 11 patients, MRI demonstrated two components: an ALT component with high intensity on both T1-weighed and T2-weighted sequences and a dedifferentiated component low-to-intermediate intensity on T1-weighed and heterogeneous hyperintensity on T2-weighted sequence. Nine patients were evaluated using 2-deoxy-2-18F-fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) combined with CT (PET/CT). PET/CT showed a biphasic pattern with a close relationship to MRI findings. The dedifferentiated component presented with high FDG uptake (median [range] maximum standardized uptake value 5.1 [1.9 to 22.6]), while the atypical lipomatous tumor component showed almost no FDG uptake. In all patients, immunohistochemical studies of p16 and cyclin-dependent kinase-4 (CDK4) were investigated. Positive staining for both p16 and CDK4 were seen in 13 of 15 patients.We retrospectively evaluated the electronic medical records of all patients in our institution for the presence of additional primary malignancies, local recurrence-free survival, metastasis-free survival, and overall survival. The survival rate was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Wilcoxon exact test was used to determine the prognostic importance of the following survival variables: age, sex, maximum tumor size, radiotherapy, and surgical margin. RESULTS Seven additional primary malignancies developed in five of 15 patients (two lung cancers, two sarcomas, one renal cell cancer, one uterine cancer, and one non-Hodgkin lymphoma). The 3- and 5-year metastasis-free survival rates were 86% (95% CI 0.67 to 1.00) and 75% (95% CI 0.49 to 1.00), respectively. With the numbers available, we found no factors associated with metastasis-free survival. The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 100% (95% CI 1.00 to 1.00) and 88% (95% CI 0.65 to 1.00), respectively. Three of 15 patients had local recurrence. The 3- and 5-year local recurrence-free survival rates were 86% (95% CI 0.67 to 1.00) and 75% (95% CI 0.49 to 1.00), respectively. Large (> 15 cm) tumors were more likely to have a local recurrence (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS In this small series, we found that the extremities are a favorable site for DDLPS compared with the retroperitoneum, although we did not directly compare the two sites. This rare tumor has a relatively high likelihood of being associated with other malignancies. We believe patients should be assessed and monitored carefully for this possibility. In the future, larger studies are needed to better define predictors of local recurrence, although the tumor's size may be associated with a greater propensity for local recurrence. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, prognostic study.
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Furlan K, Miller I, Rohra P, Mir F, Ocampo Gonzalez FA, Gattuso P. Well-differentiated liposarcoma primary from thymic stroma: Case report and literature review. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 116:104517. [PMID: 32791064 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Primary liposarcoma of thymic stroma is an exceptionally rare tumor. Histological findings are often definitive for diagnosis, however due to the variability of nuclear atypia and the overlapping with other adipocytic tumors, ancillary techniques are helpful as confirmatory tools. Currently, Fluorescent in situ hybridization for MDM2 is the gold standard for diagnosis of well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas, however a panel of immunohistochemical stainings, including MDM2, CDK4 and p16 is available as alternative method, helping to distinguish liposarcoma from its benign counterpart lipoma, especially in borderline cases. We describe the case of a young female diagnosed with a well-differentiated lipomatous tumor primary of thymic stroma with near cut-off result for MDM2-FISHand positive immunohistochemical staining for the panel described above. We discuss the challenges in the diagnosis of this rare entity andpresent an updated literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Furlan
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison St, 5th floor, Chicago, IL, Zip code: 60612, United States of America.
| | - Ira Miller
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison St, 5th floor, Chicago, IL, Zip code: 60612, United States of America
| | - Prih Rohra
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison St, 5th floor, Chicago, IL, Zip code: 60612, United States of America
| | - Fatima Mir
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison St, 5th floor, Chicago, IL, Zip code: 60612, United States of America
| | - Fernando A Ocampo Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison St, 5th floor, Chicago, IL, Zip code: 60612, United States of America
| | - Paolo Gattuso
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison St, 5th floor, Chicago, IL, Zip code: 60612, United States of America
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Diagnostic Utility and Limitations of Immunohistochemistry of p16, CDK4, and MDM2 and Automated Dual-color In Situ Hybridization of MDM2 for the Diagnosis of Challenging Cases of Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 27:758-763. [PMID: 31145104 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is challenging when an atypical lipomatous tumor component is absent or obscure. To analyze the utility and limitations of ancillary techniques, we studied 11 cases of DDLPS in challenging conditions and 17 cases of nonlipogenic high-grade sarcomas with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p16, CDK4, and MDM2 and automated dual-color in situ hybridization (DISH) for MDM2 amplification. All DDLPS specimens lacked clear lipogenic components and were immunoreactive for p16, CDK4, and MDM2. DISH analyses also revealed high-level amplification of MDM2 in all DDLPS. In contrast, among nonlipogenic sarcomas, p16, CDK4, and MDM2 were expressed in 8, 9, and 3 cases, respectively. MDM2 amplification was detected in 3 of 8 studied. The MDM2-amplified tumors were the same as the MDM2-immunoreactive tumors. After careful reevaluation of these 3 sarcomas, 2 were reclassified as DDLPS because small areas of lipogenic components were detected in the original specimens. The respective sensitivities and specificities of these markers were as follows: p16 IHC (100% and 60%), CDK4 IHC (100% and 53.3%), MDM2 IHC (100% and 93.3%), and MDM2 DISH (100% and 83.3%). The results of MDM2 IHC completely coincided with those of MDM2 DISH. The present study confirmed the substantial utility of MDM2 IHC and MDM2 DISH in the diagnosis of DDLPS, especially when lipogenic components were indistinct compared with IHC for p16 and CDK4. Furthermore, automated DISH was more practical than fluorescent in situ hybridization.
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Le Loarer F, Renard C, Ranchere D. [Soft tissue tumor with adipocytic differentiation]. Ann Pathol 2020; 40:263-268. [PMID: 32359934 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François Le Loarer
- Département de biopathologie, institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France.
| | - Caroline Renard
- Département de biopathologie, Centre Leon-Bérard, Lyon, France
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Marteau É, Le Nail LR, Rosset P, de Pinieux G, Laulan J, Roulet S, Bacle G. Epidemiological, clinical and histological features of adipose tumors in the hand and wrist: Findings from a continuous series of 37 cases. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2020; 106:329-334. [PMID: 32037290 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipose tumors are the most common soft tissue tumor in adults; however, their epidemiology and histology in the hand and wrist are not well-defined. The aim of this study was to describe the histology and treatment strategy for this type of tumor at a specialized cancer center. HYPOTHESIS The frequency of these tumors is underestimated, and their histology signature varies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The clinical and paraclinical data of adults treated for an adipose tumor lesion in the hand or wrist were analyzed retrospectively: age, clinical history, time elapsed between discovery and treatment, type of treatment. The dimensions, location and histology of the tumor were collected. The patients were contacted to inquire about persistent symptoms and sequelae. RESULTS Thirty-seven tumors (37 patients) were included between January 2003 and December 2018, thus making up 7.5% of all the soft tissue tumors in the hand or wrist. The mean patient age was 59years (28-84years). Except for one fortuitous discovery, the tumors were discovered because the patient had an unusual lump. The lump was associated with distal paresthesia in six cases. The mean time to treatment was 47.5months (1-240months). The lesion was a conventional lipoma (31 cases) or one of its benign variants (6 cases). The mean size was 3.76cm in the long axis (1-11.5cm) and the mean weight was 9.8g (3-60g). The mean follow-up was 73.5months (2-177months). Tumors in the fingers were smaller and lighter than those in the wrist (p=0.004 and p=0.034). DISCUSSION The prevalence of adipose tumors is underestimated within hand and wrist tumors. The most common way these tumors are discovered is due to compressive neuropathy with paresthesia and/or dysesthesia. While these tumors are nearly always benign, this does not justify ignoring the opinion of the multidisciplinary tumor board or underestimating the small possibility of the lesion being a liposarcoma. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, retrospective, single-center study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Marteau
- Unité de chirurgie de la main, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Louis-Romée Le Nail
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique, Réunion de Concertation Pluridisciplinaire d'Oncologie de l'Appareil Locomoteur, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Rosset
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique, Réunion de Concertation Pluridisciplinaire d'Oncologie de l'Appareil Locomoteur, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Gonzague de Pinieux
- Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Réunion de Concertation Pluridisciplinaire d'Oncologie de l'Appareil Locomoteur, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jacky Laulan
- Unité de chirurgie de la main, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Steven Roulet
- Unité de chirurgie de la main, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Guillaume Bacle
- Unité de chirurgie de la main, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France; UMR 1253 Imagerie et Cerveau (iBrain), Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France.
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Atypical Lipomatous Tumors: Does Our Inconsistent Terminology Have Patient Repercussions? Results of a Meta-Analysis. Am J Clin Oncol 2020; 42:487-492. [PMID: 30932920 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Misnaming low-grade lipomatous tumors poses a clinical and medicolegal challenge, potentially subjecting patients to expensive and unnecessary surgeries. The terms atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT) and "well-differentiated" liposarcoma (WDL) have been used interchangeably in pathology reports, scholarly works and consensus recommendations, creating vagaries between low-virulence extremity tumors and retroperitoneal disease with metastatic potential. METHODS A systematic review was performed on all studies that reported on the local recurrence rate and metastasis of ALTs and WDLs in living human subjects. Local recurrence and metastases were compared using Fisher's Exact Test. RESULTS In total, 20 studies evaluated ALTs (n=936), whereas 13 studied WDLs (n=626). Mean follow-up was 6.6±2.0 years (median, 7.0 y). No metastatic disease was observed among ALTs, whereas 15 patients with WDLs (2.7%, P<0.0001) had metastases. The local recurrence rate of ALTs was significantly lower than WDLs after both marginal (15.1%, 141/936 vs. 46.0%, 288/626, P<0.0001) and wide excisions (3.3%, 2/59 in ALT vs. 17.4%, 19/109, P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS ALT should be reserved for extremity lesions meeting appropriate histopathologic criteria that represent nonmetastatic disease, reducing over-diagnosis, over-treatment, and patient risk.
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Karpathiou G, Dumollard JM, Evangelou Z, Batistatou A, Peoc’h M, Papoudou-Bai A. Cytoplasmic p16 Is Expressed in Normal Brown Fat and Hibernomas. Int J Surg Pathol 2020; 28:496-501. [DOI: 10.1177/1066896920904423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
White adipose tissue browning has emerged as a putative therapy of obesity, and studies in mice have shown that Cdkn2a is implicated in white-to-brown transition. However, the role of Cdkn2a product p16 has been never studied in human brown fat tissue. The aim of the study is to investigate the expression of p16 in normal brown fat and in hibernoma, a lipoma containing brown fat-like adipocytes. Ten normal brown fat tissues and 5 hibernomas were immunohistochemically studied for p16 expression. Nearby white adipose tissue was used for comparison. All brown fat and hibernomas specimens express p16 in a cytoplasmic manner. Neighboring white adipose tissue is negative for p16 expression. Thus, cytoplasmic p16 may be associated with fat tissue browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Karpathiou
- University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
- North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, St-Etienne, France
| | | | | | | | - Michel Peoc’h
- North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, St-Etienne, France
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Abstract
RATIONALE Oral liposarcoma is an extremely rare lesion that is often clinically misdiagnosed as a benign lesion because of its asymptomatic and indolent clinical course. we report a case of atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDL) of buccal mucosa, provisionally diagnosed as lipoma. PATIENT CONCERNS A 97-year-old female was referred to dentistry and oral surgery department with an asymptomatic mass on the right buccal mucosa which had been present for an unknown period of time. DIAGNOSIS Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a well-circumscribed lesion at the right buccal mucosa, and a lipoma was suspected. INTERVENTIONS Surgical removal was performed, and a diagnosis of ALT/WDL was made. She and her family refused additional treatment due to her age. OUTCOMES At the 10 months follow-up, the patient remained free of disease. LESSONS The indolent clinical course and small size of oral liposarcoma can lead to provisional clinical diagnosis of benign lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Ohta
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Unit of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences
| | - Hitoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Unit of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences
| | - Shinpei Matsuda
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Unit of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences
| | - Yoshiaki Imamura
- Division of Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sano
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Unit of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences
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45
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MDM2 RNA In Situ Hybridization for the Diagnosis of Atypical Lipomatous Tumor: A Study Evaluating DNA, RNA, and Protein Expression. Am J Surg Pathol 2020; 43:446-454. [PMID: 30520819 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The distinction of atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDL) from its benign counterpart, lipoma, may represent a challenge. MDM2 DNA amplification is used as the gold standard as MDM2 immunohistochemistry lacks specificity and sensitivity. Herein, we investigate the diagnostic utility of MDM2 RNA in situ hybridization (RNA-ISH) and compare the test with MDM2 immunohistochemistry and MDM2 DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in benign and malignant lipomatous neoplasms. We evaluated 109 neoplasms including 27 lipomas, 25 spindle cell lipomas, 32 ALTs/WDLs, and 25 dedifferentiated liposarcomas (DDL). The validation cohort included 14 lipoma-like neoplasms that lacked unequivocal features of ALT/WDL and in which MDM2 immunohistochemistry was either equivocal, negative or falsely positive. Immunohistochemistry, automated RNA-ISH and DNA-FISH for MDM2 were performed. Tumors with diffuse nuclear staining or >50 dots per cell on RNA-ISH were considered positive. All lipomas and lipoma variants were negative for RNA-ISH while all ALTs/WDLs and DDLs were positive. Eighty percent (24/30) and 92% (22/24) of ALTs/WDLs and DDLs were positive for MDM2 immunohistochemistry. Lipomas and its variants were negative for MDM2 amplification; 92% and 100% of ALTs/WDLs and DDLs showed MDM2 DNA amplification. The mean percentage of ALT/WDL tumor cells showing MDM2 RNA-ISH positivity was 73% compared with 24% on MDM2 immunohistochemistry. RNA-ISH correctly classified all 10 ALTs/WDLs and all 4 lipomas in the validation cohort. The performance of MDM2 RNA-ISH and MDM2 DNA-FISH are equivalent. MDM2 RNA-ISH can be of diagnostic value in histologically challenging lipomatous neoplasms. The automated MDM2 RNA-ISH assay should allow for more widespread use of MDM2 testing and for a more sensitive and specific diagnosis of ALT/WDL.
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46
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Yang L, Chen S, Luo P, Yan W, Wang C. Liposarcoma: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Genetics Alterations and Corresponding Clinical Treatment. J Cancer 2020; 11:100-107. [PMID: 31892977 PMCID: PMC6930414 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposarcoma is a malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin with significant tissue diversity. It is composed of adipocytes with different degrees of differentiation and different degrees of heteromorphosis. It is not sensitive to traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy and has a poor prognosis. In recent years, with the rapid development of basic immunology, molecular genetics and tumor molecular biology, the histological classification of liposarcoma has become increasingly clear. More and more new methods and technologies, such as gene expression profile analysis, the whole genome sequencing, miRNA expression profile analysis and RNA sequencing, have been successfully applied to liposarcoma, bringing about a deeper understanding of gene expression changes and molecular pathogenic mechanisms in the occurrence and development of liposarcoma. This study reviews the present research status and progress of cellular and molecular alterations of liposarcoma and corresponding clinical treatment progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingge Yang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangjun Yan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunmeng Wang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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47
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Abstract
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is routinely performed in most laboratories, and other than purchase of commercially available antibodies, requires no additional equipment or reagents. As such, IHC is an accessible and relatively inexpensive test and one that can be performed quite quickly. This is in sharp contrast to genomic or mutational testing methodologies that are routinely "send out" tests as they require specialized equipment and reagents as well as individuals with expertise in the performance of the tests and analysis of the results, resulting in a prolonged turn-round-time and enhanced associated costs. However, many open questions remain in a rapidly changing therapeutic and scientific landscape with most obvious one being what exactly is the utility of "good old fashioned" IHC in the age of targeted therapy? For molecular applications, is a negative immunohistochemical result enough as a stand-alone diagnostic or predictive product? Is a positive immunohistochemical result perhaps more suitable for a role in screening for molecular alterations rather than a definitive testing modality? This review is an attempt to answer those very questions. We elucidate the broad range of entities in which IHC is currently used as a molecular surrogate and underscore pearls and pitfalls associated with each. Special attention is given to entities for which targeted therapies are currently available and to entities in which molecular data is of clinical utility as a prognosticator.
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48
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Cairncross L, Snow HA, Strauss DC, Smith MJF, Sjokvist O, Messiou C, Thway K, Hayes AJ. Diagnostic performance of MRI and histology in assessment of deep lipomatous tumours. Br J Surg 2019; 106:1794-1799. [PMID: 31502664 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep lipomatous tumours can be benign lipomas or intermediate/locally recurring atypical lipomatous tumours (ALTs). Differentiating between these two entities clinically and radiologically is difficult. The aims of this study were to report a series of deep lipomatous tumours, comparing the clinical, radiological and pathological features of ALTs and lipomas; and to predict the likelihood of a lipomatous tumour being ALT based on anatomical site and MRI characteristics. METHODS This was a retrospective review of patients with deep lipomatous tumours presenting over 6 years to a tertiary sarcoma centre, with preoperative MRI, and preoperative or postoperative histology including MDM2 gene analysis. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and accuracy in diagnosing ALT were calculated for MRI and histopathological features. RESULTS Some 248 patients were included; 81 (32·7 per cent) had a final diagnosis of ALT. ALTs were larger than lipomas (median 19 versus 10 cm; P < 0·001); there was no ALT smaller than 5 cm. A tumour presenting in the lower limb was more likely to be an ALT than a lesion at any other site (48·4 versus 13·5 per cent; P < 0·001). In patients with lipomatous tumours at sites other than the lower limbs, MRI had a negative predictive value of 95 per cent for excluding ALT. CONCLUSION Despite concern, most deep lipomatous tumours (nearly 70 per cent) are benign lipomas. Certain features imply that tumours are almost never ALT: smaller than 5 cm or located outside the lower limb with no suspicious characteristics on MRI. Tumours with these features might safely and confidently be managed outside tertiary sarcoma centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cairncross
- Department of Academic Surgery, Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - H A Snow
- Department of Academic Surgery, Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - D C Strauss
- Department of Academic Surgery, Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - M J F Smith
- Department of Academic Surgery, Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - O Sjokvist
- Department of Academic Surgery, Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Messiou
- Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Thway
- Department of Pathology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - A J Hayes
- Department of Academic Surgery, Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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Yoshida K, Yoshida M, Haisa M, Yukawa T, Monobe Y, Naomoto Y, Fukazawa T, Yamatsuji T. A case report of left lower lobe segmentectomy for pulmonary metastasis from retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Int J Surg Case Rep 2019; 61:169-173. [PMID: 31376737 PMCID: PMC6677788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The principle treatment for retroperitoneal liposarcoma is surgical resection, however there are many cases of recurrence. In addition to local recurrence, retroperitoneal liposarcoma, particularly dedifferentiated liposarcoma is known to occasionally cause lung metastases. CASE REPORT A 72-year-old woman with a diagnosis of retroperitoneal liposarcoma and probable right upper lobe early pulmonary adenocarcinoma underwent sequential local tumor resection and right upper lobectomy. Twenty months after liposarcoma resection, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest revealed a nodule located in the left lower lobe. A CT-guided biopsy was performed and she was subsequently diagnosed with pulmonary metastasis from retroperitoneal liposarcoma. The nodule enlarged chronologically, however a left lower lobectomy could not be performed because respiratory function after the right upper lobectomy was not sufficient. Therefore, in order to preserve the left superior segment (S6), the basal segments (S8+S9+S10) were resected. Seven months after the surgery, she is living a self-reliant life without recurrence of liposarcoma. CONCLUSION Here we have reported a case of pulmonary metastasis from retroperitoneal liposarcoma following limited surgery. In cases where respiratory function is limited, lower lobe segmentectomy can be an effective treatment. For the treatment of a single pulmonary metastasis from retroperitoneal liposarcoma, metastasectomy was considered to be effective as long as no local recurrence was seen after initial primary tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yoshida
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yoshida
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Minoru Haisa
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Takuro Yukawa
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Monobe
- Department of Pathology 1, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshio Naomoto
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Takuya Fukazawa
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Yamatsuji
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
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50
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Abaricia S, Van Tine BA. Management of localized extremity and retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma. Curr Probl Cancer 2019; 43:273-282. [PMID: 31221500 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The optimal management of localized soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and retroperitoneum involves a high volume multidisciplinary team with expertise in sarcoma. In this review, we will highlight the importance of the sarcoma pathologist and imaging techniques prior to surgery and radiation. In addition, the data on neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy will be discussed. Finally, consideration is given to the importance of identifying genetic cancer predispositions, multidisciplinary management, long-term survivorship, and the current clinical trials for patients undergoing curative intent management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Abaricia
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Brian Andrew Van Tine
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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