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Vičić M, Hlača N, Kaštelan M, Brajac I, Sotošek V, Prpić Massari L. Comprehensive Insight into Lichen Planus Immunopathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033038. [PMID: 36769361 PMCID: PMC9918135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichen planus is a chronic disease affecting the skin, appendages, and mucous membranes. A cutaneous lichen planus is a rare disease occurring in less than 1% of the general population, while oral illness is up to five times more prevalent; still, both forms equally impair the patient's quality of life. The etiology of lichen planus is not entirely understood. Yet, immune-mediated mechanisms have been recognized since environmental factors such as hepatitis virus infection, mechanical trauma, psychological stress, or microbiome changes can trigger the disease in genetically susceptible individuals. According to current understanding, lichen planus immunopathogenesis is caused by cell-mediated cytotoxicity, particularly cytotoxic T lymphocytes, whose activity is further influenced by Th1 and IL-23/Th-17 axis. However, other immunocytes and inflammatory pathways complement these mechanisms. This paper presents a comprehensive insight into the actual knowledge about lichen planus, with the causal genetic and environmental factors being discussed, the immunopathogenesis described, and the principal effectors of its inflammatory circuits identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Vičić
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nika Hlača
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marija Kaštelan
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ines Brajac
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Sotošek
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Tome Strižića 3, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Larisa Prpić Massari
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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Liu Y, Qv W, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Ding C, Chu M, Chen F. The interplay between oral microbes and immune responses. Front Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1009018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral microbes play a critical role in maintaining oral homeostasis. Microbial dysbiosis promotes disease pathogenesis through several mechanisms. Recent studies have revealed that microbial imbalance and sustained inflammation are involved in disease progression. The adverse interaction triggered by a host immune response to microorganisms can lead to oral and systemic diseases. Here, we reviewed how oral microbes communicate with hosts during the development of local and distant inflammation. Elucidation of these processes may reveal future directions in this field and the potential targets of novel biological therapies for oral and systemic diseases.
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Meng Z, Yang T, Liu D. Type-2 epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral mucosal nonneoplastic diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1020768. [PMID: 36389753 PMCID: PMC9659919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral mucosa is a membranous structure comprising epithelial and connective tissue that covers the oral cavity. The oral mucosa is the first immune barrier to protect the body against pathogens for systemic protection. It is frequently exposed to mechanical abrasion, chemical erosion, and pathogenic invasion, resulting in oral mucosal lesions, particularly inflammatory diseases. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial biological process in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal disorders, which are classified into three types (types 1, 2, and 3) based on their physiological consequences. Among these, type-2 EMT is crucial in wound repair, organ fibrosis, and tissue regeneration. It causes infectious and dis-infectious immunological diseases, such as oral lichen planus (OLP), oral leukoplakia, oral submucosal fibrosis, and other precancerous lesions. However, the mechanism and cognition between type-2 EMT and oral mucosal inflammatory disorders remain unknown. This review first provides a comprehensive evaluation of type-2 EMT in chronically inflammatory oral mucosal disorders. The aim is to lay a foundation for future research and suggest potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaosong Meng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianle Yang
- School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dayong Liu
- Department of Endodontics & Laboratory for Dental Stem Cells and Endocrine Immunology, Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Dayong Liu,
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Zeng L, Yang T, Yang K, Yu G, Li J, Xiang W, Chen H. Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the Treatment of 10 Types of Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 31 Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Immunol 2022; 13:896476. [PMID: 35979355 PMCID: PMC9376628 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.896476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Methods Databases such as Embase, Web of Science, PubMed and The Cochrane Library were searched from the database establishment to February 2022 to collect RCTs of Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Then the literature was screened and the data were extracted. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 34 records were included, involving 31 RCTs and 10 types of autoimmune disease. Among them, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) involves one RCT, Behcet ‘s disease (BD) involves one RCT, Crohn ‘s disease involves two RCTs, multiple sclerosis (MS) involves two RCTs, oral lichen planus involves six RCTs, psoriasis involves two RCTs, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves five RCTs, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involves two RCTs, arteritis involves one RCT, ulcerative colitis (UC) involves nine RCTs. Among them, most of the RCTs of ulcerative colitis (UC), oral lichen planus, RA showed that curcumin and curcumin extracts improved clinical or laboratory results. Crohn ‘ s disease, MS, SLE, psoriasis included two RCTs; they all showed improvements (at least one RCT reported improvements in clinical outcomes). AS, BD and arteritis included only one RCT, and the clinical results showed improvement. However, due to the small number of RCTs and the small number of patients involved in each disease, there is still a need for more high-quality RCTs. Conclusion Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract had good clinical efficacy in the treatment of Psoriasis, UC and RA, so Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract could be used in the treatment of the above diseases in the future. The results of Meta-analysis showed that Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract did not show efficacy in the treatment of oral lichen planus, while Takayasu arteritis, SLE, MS, AS, BD and CD did not report sufficient clinical data for meta-analysis. Therefore, large-sample, multi-center clinical trials are still needed for revision or validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Chen, ; Liuting Zeng, ; Tiejun Yang, ; Kailin Yang,
| | - Tiejun Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Chen, ; Liuting Zeng, ; Tiejun Yang, ; Kailin Yang,
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Chen, ; Liuting Zeng, ; Tiejun Yang, ; Kailin Yang,
| | - Ganpeng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, Hunan, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First people’s Hospital Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Chen, ; Liuting Zeng, ; Tiejun Yang, ; Kailin Yang,
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Crosstalk between the oral microbiota, mucosal immunity, and the epithelial barrier regulates oral mucosal disease pathogenesis. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:1247-1258. [PMID: 34040155 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral mucosal disease (OMD), which is also called soft tissue oral disease, is described as a series of disorders or conditions affecting the mucosa and soft tissue in the oral cavity. Its etiology is unclear, but emerging evidence has implicated the influence of the composition of the oral mucosa and saliva-resident microbiota. In turn, this dysbiosis effects the immune response balance and epithelial barrier function, followed by the occurrence and progression of OMD. In addition, oral microbial dysbiosis is diverse in different types of diseases and different disease progressions, suggesting that key causal pathogens may exist in various oral pathologies. This narrative literature review primarily discusses the most recent findings focusing on how microbial dysbiosis communicates with mucosal adaptive immune cells and the epithelial barrier in the context of five representative OMDs, including oral candidiasis (OC), oral lichen planus (OLP), recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU), oral leukoplakia (OLK), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), to provide new insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms of OMDs.
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Wang F, Zhang J, Zhou G. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose impedes T cell-induced apoptosis of keratinocytes in oral lichen planus. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10257-10267. [PMID: 34672419 PMCID: PMC8572795 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell–mediated immunoinflammatory disease. Glycolysis plays an essential role in T‐cell immune responses. Blocking glycolytic pathway in activated T cells represents a therapeutic strategy for restraint of immunologic process in autoimmune disorders. 2‐Deoxy‐D‐glucose (2‐DG) has been widely used to probe into glycolysis in immune cells. This study was aimed to explore the role of glycolysis inhibition by 2‐DG on regulating immune responses of OLP‐derived T cells. We observed that lactic dehydrogenase A (LDHA) expression was elevated in OLP lesions and local T cells. 2‐DG inhibited the expression of LDHA, p‐mTOR, Hif1α and PLD2 in T cells; meanwhile, it decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of T cells. T cells treated by 2‐DG showed lower LDHA expression and elevated apoptosis, resulting in a reduced apoptotic population of keratinocytes that were co‐cultured with them, which was related to the decreased levels of IFN‐γ in co‐culture system. Rapamycin enhanced the effects of 2‐DG on immune responses between T cells and keratinocytes. Thus, these findings indicated that OLP‐derived T cells might be highly dependent upon high glycolysis for proliferation, and 2‐DG treatment combined with rapamycin might be an option to alleviate T‐cell responses, contributing to reducing apoptosis of keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (HubeiMOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (HubeiMOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (HubeiMOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Vičić M, Sotošek V, Brajac I, Kaštelan M, Prpić-Massari L. The possible involvement of granulysin mediated cytotoxicity in keratinocytes disruption in lichen planus. Med Hypotheses 2021; 149:110546. [PMID: 33647607 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lichen planus is a chronic mucocutanous disorder histopathologically characterized with a keratinocytes apoptosis, subsequent basal cell layer liquefaction and accumulation of the inflammatory infiltrate in papillary dermis. A formation of apoptotic bodies in basal cell layer is due to a cytotoxic lymphocyte attack to the basal keratinocytes. It has been demonstrated that the cytotoxic molecules included in this attack are perforin and granzyme B. Both molecules are found upregulated in CD8+ lymphocytes that are in close contact to keratinocytes. However, their amount is lower in lichen planus than in other skin disease characterized by liquefaction and vacuolar degeneration of the basal epidermal layer. This could speculate about other cytotoxic molecule such as granulysin that could mediate keratinocyte apoptosis. Therefore, in this article we hypothesize about the crucial role of granulysin molecule in keratinocytes killing that could contribute to a lichen planus pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Vičić
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Sotošek
- Department of Anesthesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Medical Faculty University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Tome Strižića 3, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ines Brajac
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marija Kaštelan
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Larisa Prpić-Massari
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
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Yoshida H, Imamura Y, Yoshimura H, Kobayashi M. Induction of High Endothelial Venule-like Vessels in Oral and Cutaneous Lichen Planus: A Comparative Study. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:343-350. [PMID: 32391737 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420923272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease involving the oral mucosa and skin. Both oral LP (OLP) and cutaneous LP (CLP) are histopathologically characterized by dense subepithelial lymphocyte infiltrates; however, the mechanisms underlying lymphocyte recruitment to sites of LP lesions are not fully understood. Here, we assessed the induction of peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd)-expressing high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels in 19 OLP and 17 CLP cases. To do so, we performed immunohistochemical staining for PNAd and CD34, followed by quantitative analysis. We also conducted triple immunohistochemistry for PNAd and either CD3 and CD20 or CD4 and CD8 to identify the lymphocyte subset preferentially recruited via HEV-like vessels. PNAd-expressing HEV-like vessels were induced in and around lymphocyte aggregates in all cases of OLP and in 10 of 17 CLP cases, and these vessels were more frequently observed in OLP relative to CLP. Although the number of T-cells attached per HEV-like vessel exceeded the number of B-cells in both OLP and CLP, the number of CD4+ T-cells attached was greater than the number of CD8+ T-cells only in OLP. These findings combined suggest that PNAd-expressing HEV-like vessels play a more important role in the pathogenesis of OLP compared with CLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Yoshida
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui
| | - Yoshiaki Imamura
- Division of Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui
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Yang JY, Zhang J, Lu R, Tan YQ, Du GF, Zhou G. T cell-derived exosomes induced macrophage inflammatory protein-1α/β drive the trafficking of CD8 + T cells in oral lichen planus. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:14086-14098. [PMID: 33107682 PMCID: PMC7754044 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell–mediated chronic inflammatory disease with uncertain aetiology. Exosomes are nanosized particles with biological capacities. Here, we aimed to study the effects of T cell–derived exosomes (T‐exos) on the pathogenesis of OLP and its mechanism. T‐exos were incubated with Jurkat cells for 48 hours, and 26 cytokines in the supernatant were measured by luminex assay. The expression of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1α/β was detected using immunohistochemistry and ELISA; that of CCR1/3/5 on peripheral T cells was determined by flow cytometry. Transwell assay was performed to investigate the chemotactic effect of MIP‐1α/β, and cells in the lower chambers were examinated by flow cytometry. As a result, OLP T‐exos elevated the production of MIP‐1α/β, which were highly expressed in OLP tissues and plasma. CCR1/5 were markedly expressed on OLP peripheral T cells, and the majority of CCR1/5+ T cells were CD8+ T cells. Besides, MIP‐1α/β promoted the migration of OLP mononuclear cells, while inhibiting CCR1/5 significantly decreased the trafficking of mononuclear cells, especially that of CD8+ T cells. Conclusively, OLP T‐exos‐induced MIP‐1α/β may drive the trafficking of CD8+ T cells after binding with CCR1/5 in OLP, contributing to the development of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ya Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Lu
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Qin Tan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge-Fei Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Immunoexpression of Apoptosis and Cell-cycle Arrest Markers in Oral Lichen Planus. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 29:374-381. [PMID: 33044228 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The expression pattern of a panel of 5 molecular markers (p53, cyclin D1, Ki-67, BCL-2, and BAX) was studied in samples from patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and normal oral mucosa (NOM) of healthy controls to investigate the implications of cell cycle and apoptosis in OLP. The 59 OLP and 16 NOM biopsies were stained by an inmunoperoxidase technique for p53, cyclin D1, Ki-67, BCL-2, and BAX and assessed microscopically for semiquantitative analysis. Positivity for BCL-2 and Ki-67 was significantly more frequent in NOM than in OLP (P<0.05). p53 levels were upregulated in atrophic/erosive clinical presentations when compared with reticular presentations and in cases with discontinued inflammatory infiltrate. Multivariate analysis through logistic regression showed that BCL-2 in OLP versus NOM was the only significantly altered marker in the present cohort (adjusted odds ratio=12.42; 95% confidence interval: 2.5-61.65; P=0.002). The cell patterns in OLP and NOM are distinct according to the present molecular markers panel. The presence of BCL-2 altered expression may be related to various molecular pathways that connect/link this condition to other autoimmune disorders and also may be involved in complex roles that evoke malignant transformation of OLP.
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Lv KJ, Chen TC, Wang GH, Yao YN, Yao H. Clinical safety and efficacy of curcumin use for oral lichen planus: a systematic review. J DERMATOL TREAT 2018; 30:605-611. [PMID: 30388912 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2018.1543849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common immunological mucocutaneous disease that causes pain and poor quality of life. Curcumin has been reported to be a safe and effective treatment for OLP. The objective of this review is to evaluate the existing evidence for the safety of curcumin in treating OLP as well as its efficacy compared with that of corticosteroids. Methods: We reviewed the published literature by searching PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library, and then retrieved and analyzed several variables from patient records. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, including six randomized, double-blind clinical trials; two pilot clinical trials; and one case report. A total of 259 OLP patients were included in the systematic review. Seven studies showed statistically significant differences in pain severity and clinical appearance of oral lesions after treatment with curcumin for a period of time, compared to baseline (p < .05). Three controlled clinical trials compared the efficacy of curcumin to that of corticosteroids; all of these trials showed no statistically significant differences in pain severity and clinical appearance of oral lesions. Conclusions: Curcumin is a safe treatment and can be used as an adjunct in combination with corticosteroids to reduce pain, burning sensations, and the clinical appearance of oral lesions in OLP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jia Lv
- a Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Tian-Chi Chen
- b Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Guo-Hua Wang
- a Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Ya-Nan Yao
- a Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Hua Yao
- a Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
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Reduced CD8 + T cells infiltration can be associated to a malignant transformation in potentially malignant oral epithelial lesions. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1913-1919. [PMID: 30229300 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2622-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expressions of PD1, CD4+, and CD8+ in premalignant lesions (OPML) that were transformed into oral squamous cell carcinoma OSCC (OPML-OSCC), in OSCC and also in premalignant lesions that were not transformed into OSCC (OPML-NOSSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective analyses were performed in order to verify the demographic characteristics of the patients. CD4, CD8, and PD1 IMH studies were carried out on OPML and OSCC samples from 11 patients with OPML-OSCC and OPML, together with samples from 14 patients with OPML-NOSCC. The differences between OPML-OSCC and OPML-NOSCC were analyzed. RESULTS Non-homogenous leukoplakia, together with the related oral subsite, and the lack of an exposure to tobacco, were all associated with malignant transformations. There were no statistical differences in the PD1 expression and the CD4+ cells in OPML-OSCC and OPML-NOSCC. A significant increment in the CD8+ cells was noted in the OPML that evolved into carcinomas when compared with OPML-NOSCC (p = 0.05), whereas there were higher CD8+ cells levels in the carcinomas when compared with the OPML that evolved into carcinomas (p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS CD8+ cells infiltrate more in OPML-NOSCC than in OPML-OSCC. Carcinoma is more infiltrated by CD8+ cells than its associated OPML. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Understanding immunological factors associated with malignant transformation of oral premalignant lesions can open a new way to treat this disease.
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