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Wang X, Li W, Yang X, Yang M, Gu Y, Du Z, Yang J, Wen M, Park Y, Huang C, He Y. Insecticidal activities of three recombinant venom proteins of the predatory stink bug, Arma custos. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39166741 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Widespread resistance of insect pests to insecticides and transgenic crops in the field is a significant challenge for sustainable agriculture, and calls for the development of novel alternative strategies to control insect pests. One potential resource for the discovery of novel insecticidal molecules is natural toxins, particularly those derived from the venoms of insect predators. RESULTS In this study, we identified three insecticidal proteinaceous toxins from the venom glands (VGs) of the predatory stink bug, Arma custos (Hemiptera: Asopinae). Transcriptomic analysis of A. custos VGs revealed 151 potentially secreted VG-rich venom proteins. Three VG-rich venom proteins (designated AcVP1 ~ 3) were produced by overexpression in Escherichia coli. Injection of the recombinant proteins into tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura) larvae showed that all of the three recombinant proteins caused paralysis, liquefaction and death. Injection of recombinant proteins into rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) nymphs showed higher insecticidal activities, among which a trypsin (AcVP2) caused 100% mortality postinjection at 1.27 pmol mg-1 body weight. CONCLUSION A natural toolkit for the discovery of insecticidal toxins from predatory insects has been revealed by the present study. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Zunyi Branch, Zunyi, China
| | - Mingwei Yang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yucheng Gu
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Du
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingxia Wen
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Zunyi Branch, Zunyi, China
| | - Yoonseong Park
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Chunyang Huang
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Zunyi Branch, Zunyi, China
| | - Yueping He
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Lei L, Wang S, Zhao Z, Dou S, Zhang S, Wang Y, Gao P, Binchen Wang, Xu X, Dong L. Analysis of volatiles from the thermal decomposition of Amadori rearrangement products in the cysteine-glucose Maillard reaction and density functional theory study. Food Res Int 2024; 188:114454. [PMID: 38823832 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The Amadori rearrangement products are an important flavor precursor in the Maillard reaction. Its thermal decomposition products usually contribute good flavors in foods. Therefore, investigating the thermal breakdown of Amadori products is significant for understanding the flavor forming mechanism in the Maillard reaction. In this study, volatiles from thermal decomposition of Amadori products in cysteine and glucose Maillard reaction was investigated by a thermal desorption cryo-trapping system combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 60 volatiles were detected and identified. Meanwhile, the forming mechanism of 2-methylthiophene, a major decomposition product, was also investigated by using density functional theory. Seventeen reactions, 12 transition states, energy barrier and rate constant of each reaction were finally obtained. Results reveal that it is more likely for Amadori products of cysteine and glucose to undergo decomposition under neutral or weakly alkaline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Lei
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Centre of Seafood, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Shang Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Ziqian Zhao
- Dalian Huamei School, Dalian 116650, Liaoning, China
| | - Shaohua Dou
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
| | - Sufang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Centre of Seafood, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Pengxun Gao
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Centre of Seafood, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Binchen Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Centre of Seafood, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xianbing Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Centre of Seafood, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Liang Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Centre of Seafood, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
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Qu Y, Walker AA, Meng L, Herzig V, Li B. The Predatory Stink Bug Arma custos (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Produces a Complex Proteinaceous Venom to Overcome Caterpillar Prey. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050691. [PMID: 37237505 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Predatory stink bugs capture prey by injecting salivary venom from their venom glands using specialized stylets. Understanding venom function has been impeded by a scarcity of knowledge of their venom composition. We therefore examined the proteinaceous components of the salivary venom of the predatory stink bug Arma custos (Fabricius, 1794) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). We used gland extracts and venoms from fifth-instar nymphs or adult females to perform shotgun proteomics combined with venom gland transcriptomics. We found that the venom of A. custos comprised a complex suite of over a hundred individual proteins, including oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, ligases, protease inhibitors, and recognition, transport and binding proteins. Besides the uncharacterized proteins, hydrolases such as venom serine proteases, cathepsins, phospholipase A2, phosphatases, nucleases, alpha-amylases, and chitinases constitute the most abundant protein families. However, salivary proteins shared by and unique to other predatory heteropterans were not detected in the A. custos venom. Injection of the proteinaceous (>3 kDa) venom fraction of A. custos gland extracts or venom into its prey, the larvae of the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Walker, 1865), revealed insecticidal activity against lepidopterans. Our data expand the knowledge of heteropteran salivary proteins and suggest predatory asopine bugs as a novel source for bioinsecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Qu
- Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
| | - Andrew A Walker
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ling Meng
- Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Volker Herzig
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
| | - Baoping Li
- Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Batista CH, Plata-Rueda A, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE, Martínez LC. Indoxacarb effects on non-target predator, Podisus distinctus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:29967-29975. [PMID: 34997483 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17988-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Forestry pest management includes biological and chemical methods of pest control. Using insecticides and natural enemies can be compatible in forest pest management programs. The compatibility of the predatory stink bug Podisus distinctus with the insecticide indoxacarb, used in forestry, needs to be evaluated in Brazil. This study investigated the mortality, survival, respiration, preference, prey consumption, and locomotor activity of P. distinctus adults exposed to indoxacarb. In concentration-mortality bioassays, the lethality of indoxacarb (LC50 = 2.62 g L-1 and LC90 = 6.11 g L-1) was confirmed in P. distinctus adults. The survival rate was 100% in predator insects not exposed to indoxacarb, declining to 40.7% in predator insects exposed to 2.62 g L-1 and 0.1% in predators treated with 6.11 g L-1. Indoxacarb reduced the respiration of P. distinctus from 18.45 to 14.41 µL CO2 h-1 at 2.62 g L-1 for up to 3 h after insecticide exposure, inhibiting food consumption and displaying hyperexcitation. The harmful effects of indoxacarb to the natural enemy suggest that it should be better assessed for use with P. distinctus for pest management in forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Henrique Batista
- Department of Crop Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
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5
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Non-proteinaceous salivary compounds of a predatory bug cause histopathological and cytotoxic effects in prey. Toxicon 2022; 213:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Serrão JE, Plata-Rueda A, Martínez LC, Zanuncio JC. Side-effects of pesticides on non-target insects in agriculture: a mini-review. Naturwissenschaften 2022; 109:17. [PMID: 35138481 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-022-01788-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Climate change mediated by anthropogenic activity induces significant alterations on pest abundance and behavior and a potential increase in the use of agrochemicals for crop protection. Pesticides have been a tool in the control of pests, diseases, and weeds of agricultural systems. However, little attention has been given to their toxic effects on beneficial insect communities that contribute to the maintenance and sustainability of agroecosystems. In addition to pesticide-induced direct mortality, their sublethal effects on arthropod physiology and behavior must be considered for a complete analysis of their impact. This review describes the sublethal effects of pesticides on agriculturally beneficial insects and provides new information about the impacts on the behavior and physiology of these insects. The different types of sublethal effects of pesticides used in agriculture on pollinators, predators, parasitoids, and coprophagous insects were detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil.
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
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Silva WM, Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC. Exposure to insecticides causes effects on survival, prey consumption, and histological changes in the midgut of the predatory bug, Podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:57449-57458. [PMID: 34091850 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14589-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The control of defoliating caterpillars in forestry includes the use of insecticides and releases of the predatory bug Podisus nigrispinus, but some compounds may affect non-target natural enemies, which need evaluation of risk assessment. This research investigates the survival, preference, and prey consumption of P. nigrispinus adults fed with prey treated with the lethal concentration (LC50) of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), permethrin, tebufenozide, and thiamethoxam. Moreover, midgut histopathology of P. nigrispinus fed with preys treated with LC50 of each insecticide was investigated. The insecticides Bt, permethrin, and thiamethoxam reduce the survival and the prey consumption in P. nigrispinus fed with preys contaminate with these chemicals. However, the four tested insecticides, including tebufenozide, cause histological changes such as irregular epithelial architecture, cytoplasm vacuolization, and release of cell fragments in the midgut lumen of P. nigrispinus. The sublethal effects of Bt, permethrin, tebufenozide, and thiamethoxam to the natural enemy suggest that they should be better evaluated to be used together with P. nigrispinus for integrated pest management in forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiane Meloni Silva
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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8
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Interaction between predatory and phytophagous stink bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) promoted by secretion of scent glands. CHEMOECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-021-00341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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9
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Carvalho PEGR, Martínez LC, Cossolin JFS, Plata-Rueda A, Viteri Jumbo LO, Fiaz M, Carvalho AG, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE. The salivary glands of Brontocoris tabidus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): Morphology and secretory cycle. Tissue Cell 2021; 70:101498. [PMID: 33545532 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brontocoris tabidus (Signoret) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is a zoophytophagous insect used for biological control in agriculture and forest systems because its nymphs and adults feed on insects and plants. The predatory Pentatomidae insert the mouthparts into the prey, releasing saliva to paralysis and kills the insect, as well as digest body parts to be sucked in a preliminary extra-oral digestion. In a short period of time, this insect shows the ability to feed again, suggesting the existence of a constant and abundant secretory cycle in the salivary glands. This study evaluated the morphological, histochemical and ultrastructural changes of the salivary glands of B. tabidus in fed and starved insects. The salivary complex of this predatory bug has a pair of bilobed salivary glands and a pair of tubular accessory salivary glands. The accessory glands have the lumen lined by a thick non-cuticular layer rich in glycoproteins. The secretory cells of the B. tabidus principal salivary glands have constant secretory activity, with each lobe producing different substances. The physiological processes that occur in the salivary gland of B. tabidus indicate that the insect needs to feed constantly, corroborating the potential of this insect to be used in biological control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Muhammad Fiaz
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Acácio Geraldo Carvalho
- Department of Forest Products, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, 23851-970 Seropedica, RJ, Brazil.
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Campos JM, Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Weigand W, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE. Insecticide potential of two saliva components of the predatory bug Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caterpillars. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1868008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Jena, Germany
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Silva WM, Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC. Respiration, predatory behavior and prey consumption by Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) nymphs exposed to some insecticides. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:127720. [PMID: 32721693 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Podisus nigrispinus Dallas (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) preys on insect pests in eucalyptus plantations where it can be exposed to insecticides used in pest control. The effect of insecticides on non-target natural enemies requires further study. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the side-effects of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), permethrin, tebufenozide and thiamethoxam on third instar nymphs of the predator P. nigrispinus in the laboratory. The toxicity of insecticides for this insect was determined by estimating their lethal concentrations. Podisus nigrispinus behavior after exposure to insecticides was analyzed using a video tracking system and the respiratory rate with a respirometer. Prey/nymph consumption was assessed after 24 h of starvation. The preference of P. nigrispinus nymphs, for prey treated or not with the insecticides, was evaluated in free choice tests. The insecticides Bt [LC50 = 1.10(0.83-1.46) mg mL-1], permethrin [LC50 = 0.25(0.17-0.34) mg mL-1], tebufenozide [LC50 = 5.71(4.17-7.57) mg mL-1] and thiamethoxam [LC50 = 0.04(0.02-0.06) mg mL-1] are toxic to P. nigrispinus nymphs. Bt and the insecticides tebufenozide, permethrin and thiamethoxam reduced the respiratory rate of P. nigrispinus. The insecticides permethrin, tebufenozide and thiamethoxam affect the locomotion of this insect's nymphs. Prey treated with Bt, permethrin and thiamethoxam are less preferred by P. nigrispinus. The survival of the nymphs of this predator was 93.3%, 66.7%, 56.6%, 0% and 0% in the control, tebufenozide, Bt, permethrin and thiamethoxam treatments, respectively. In addition, the reduction of prey consumption, treated with neurotoxic insecticides, reduces the predatory potential of this natural enemy. Bt and tefubenozide present low toxicity for P. nigrispinus, but the neurotoxic products have low compatibility with this natural enemy and, therefore, are not recommended, with this predator in the management of forest insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiane Meloni Silva
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Cantón PE, Bonning BC. Extraoral digestion: outsourcing the role of the hemipteran midgut. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 41:86-91. [PMID: 32823203 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Extraoral digestion allows for breakdown of dietary components before they reach the midgut for final enzymatic degradation and absorption. In the Hemiptera, this is achieved by the secretion of enzyme-rich fluids from the salivary gland, with the combination of protein and mRNA from these tissues termed the sialome. Separate channels within the hemipteran stylets allow for secretion of saliva and ingestion of predigested material in a non-reflux mechanism. Both feeding mode and diet type influence the composition of the hemipteran sialome, as illustrated by 1) differences in protease abundance between hematophagous and predatory heteropteran sialomes, 2) diet specific aminopeptidase-N genes among aphid biotypes, and 3) adaptation-induced sialome variation in related cicada populations. Despite challenges associated with incomplete genome annotation, -omics analysis of the sialomes of diverse hemipteran species will enhance understanding of both sialome function and the evolution of extraoral digestion within the order.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryony C Bonning
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
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FORERO DIMITRI, CAMPOS LUIZALEXANDRE, CASTRO-HUERTAS VALENTINA, BIANCHI FILIPEM. Evolutionary mechanisms for camouflage in Cladomorphus phyllinus (Phasmatodea): A reflection on the role of evidence for hypotheses proposition. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20200197. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020200197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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14
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Santos Junior VCD, Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Fernandes FL, Tavares WDS, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE. Histopathological and cytotoxic changes induced by spinosad on midgut cells of the non-target predator Podisus nigrispinus Dallas (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124585. [PMID: 31437628 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Broad-spectrum insecticides used in pest control are a risk for non-target insects. Their compatibility to the insecticide spinosad, used in agriculture and forestry as a biological control tool, needs to be evaluated. Podisus nigrispinus Dallas (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is a predatory bug used in the pest management of agricultural and forest systems where spinosad is also frequently applied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity, histopathology and cytotoxicity in midgut cells of P. nigrispinus exposed to spinosad. The toxicity test was performed to determine the lethal concentrations of spinosad after exposure by ingestion. The histopathology and cytotoxicity caused by spinosad were analyzed in the three midgut regions (anterior, middle and posterior) of P. nigrispinus during different exposure periods. Spinosad, at low concentrations, was toxic to P. nigrispinus [LC50 = 3.15 (3.02-3.26) μg.L-1]. Cell degeneration features such as cytoplasm vacuolization, chromatin condensation and release of cell fragments to the midgut lumen were observed in this organ. Cell death via apoptosis was found in the three midgut regions of this predator after exposure to the insecticide. Spinosad is toxic to P. nigrispinus, and causes histological and cytological damage followed by cell death in the midgut, suggesting a dangerous effect on a beneficial non-target insect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Lemes Fernandes
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Cossolin JFS, Martínez LC, Pereira MJB, Vivan LM, Bozdoğan H, Fiaz M, Serrão JE. Anatomy, Histology, and Ultrastructure of Salivary Glands of the Burrower Bug, Scaptocoris castanea (Hemiptera: Cydnidae). MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2019; 25:1482-1490. [PMID: 31571553 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927619015010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The burrower bug Scaptocoris castanea Perty, 1830 (Hemiptera: Cydnidae) is an agricultural pest feeding on roots of several crops. The histology and ultrastructure of the salivary glands of S. castanea were described. The salivary system has a pair of principal salivary glands and a pair of accessory salivary glands. The principal salivary gland is bilobed with anterior and posterior lobes joined by a hilus where an excretory duct occurs. The accessory salivary gland is tubular with a narrow lumen that opens into the hilus near the excretory duct, suggesting that its secretion is stored in the lumen of the principal gland. The cytoplasm of the secretory cells is rich in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles with different electron densities and mitochondria. At the base of the accessory gland epithelium, there were scattered cells that do not reach the gland lumen, with the cytoplasm rich in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, indicating a role in protein production. Data show that principal and accessory salivary glands of S. castanea produce proteinaceous saliva. This is the first morphological description of the S. castanea salivary system that is similar to other Hemiptera Pentatomomorpha, but with occurrence of basal cells in the accessory salivary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Lucia Madalena Vivan
- Fundação de Apoio a Pesquisa Agropecuária de Mato Grosso, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso 78750-360, Brazil
| | - Hakan Bozdoğan
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, 40100 Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Fiaz
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
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Evidence for a transcellular route for vitellogenin transport in the telotrophic ovary of Podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Sci Rep 2019; 9:16441. [PMID: 31712640 PMCID: PMC6848487 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenin is the main yolk precursor protein in insect oocytes. It is synthesized in the fat body and released into the hemolymph. To reach the oocyte surface, vitellogenin must cross a single layer of follicular epithelium cells. The transport of vitellogenin across the follicular epithelium has been suggested to occur through the enlarged intercellular spaces (patency) by a paracellular route or by endocytosis by follicular cells and release onto oocyte surface in a transcelluar route. In this study, we investigated whether vitellogenin transport in the meroistic telotrophic ovary of Podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera) occurs via a paracellular or transcellular route. Light and transmission electron microscopies showed that short cell–cell contacts with well-developed occluding septate junctions were present in follicular cells with patency. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed the presence of vitellogenin receptors in the plasma membrane and of vitellogenin in the cytoplasm of follicular cells. Data suggest that cell–cell contacts serve as a barrier to large vitellogenin molecules and that this protein is transported via a transcellular route of receptor-mediated endocytosis.
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de Medeiros RS, Vinha GL, Zanuncio JC, Wilcken CF, de Menezes CWG, Soares MA, Carvalho AG. Life Table Parameters of the Zoophytophagous Predator Brontocoris tabidus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Introduced and Native Plants. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:1760-1764. [PMID: 31100119 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brontocoris tabidus Signoret (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is a zoophytophagous predator of lepidopteran defoliators of eucalyptus in Brazil. This predator complements its diet with plants, which is fundamental for its population maintenance. The objective was to evaluate the B. tabidus development, reproduction, and life table parameters in the field on Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell. (T1), Psidium guajava Linn (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) (T2), or without plants (T3). The parameters estimated were: net reproductive rate (Ro); generation duration (DG); time for the population to double in size (TD); intrinsic population growth rate (rm), survival rate (lX), specific fertility (mx), life expectancy (ex), and mortality risk (qx). Ro, DG, TD, and rm were higher in the T1 and T2 than in T3. Plant presence favored the lx, mx, and qx. Ex values were 36.1 and 56.9 in the T3 and T1, respectively. The B. tabidus fertility, longevity, and life table parameters improvement on E. cloeziana and P. guajava plants are due to the water and nutrients obtained from them. B. tabidus can be reared with Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptara: Tenebrionidae) pupae on E. cloeziana or P. guajava plants in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Germano Lopes Vinha
- Departmento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | - Carlos Frederico Wilcken
- Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Brügger BP, Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Castro BMDCE, Soares MA, Wilcken CF, Carvalho AG, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC. Bioactivity of the Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) essential oil and its terpenoid constituents on the predatory bug, Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Sci Rep 2019; 9:8358. [PMID: 31175321 PMCID: PMC6555811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Podisus nigrispinus Dallas (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), released in biological control programs, is a predator of Lepidopteran and Coleopteran species. Lemongrass essential oil and its constituents can be toxic to this natural enemy. The major constituents of lemongrass essential oil are neral (31.5%), citral (26.1%), and geranyl acetate (2.27%). Six concentrations of lemongrass essential oil and of its citral and geranyl acetate constituents were applied to the thorax of P. nigrispinus nymphs and adults. The walking and respiratory behavior of the P. nigrispinus third-instar nymphs, treated with citral and geranyl acetate at the LD50 and LD90 doses, were analyzed with video and respirometer. The lemongrass essential oil toxicity increased from first- to fifth-instar P. nigrispinus nymphs. The P. nigrispinus respiration rates (μL de CO2 h-1/insect) with citral and geranyl acetate in the LD50 and LD90 differed. Nymphs exposed to the lemongrass essential oil and its constituents on treated surfaces presented irritability or were repelled. Podisus nigrispinus adults were tolerant to the lemongrass essential oil and its constituents, geranyl acetate and citral. The altered respiratory activity with geranyl acetate and the fact that they were irritated and repelled by citral suggest caution with regard to the use of the lemongrass essential oil and its constituents in integrated pest management incorporating this predator, in order to avoid diminishing its efficiency against the pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Pandelo Brügger
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), 39100-000, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Frederico Wilcken
- Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18610-034, Campus de Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amélia Guimarães Carvalho
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36.570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Santos-Junior VCD, Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Bozdoğan H, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE. Exposure to spinosad induces histopathological and cytotoxic effects on the salivary complex of the non-target predator Podisus nigrispinus. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:688-695. [PMID: 30903844 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In integrated pest management systems, biological and chemical controls must be compatible. The insecticide spinosad affects some non-target insects and might compromise their fitness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological and cytotoxic effects of spinosad on the salivary complex of the predatory bug Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Spinosad toxicity and insect survival were determined using six concentrations of insecticide. Ultrastructural changes and cell death of salivary glands were analyzed after P. nigrispinus exposure to spinosad LC50 (3.15 μg L-1). The insecticide caused toxicity to P. nigrispinus; survival was 32% after 48 h of exposure to LC50. The main histological changes in the salivary complex were disorganization of the epithelium, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and apocrine secretion into the gland lumen. Cytotoxic effects, such as release of granules and vacuoles into the lumen, presence of autophagosomes, enlargement of basal plasma membrane infoldings, and apoptosis, were observed. Spinosad causes toxicity, decreases survival, and changes the histology and cytology of the P. nigrispinus salivary complex. The results suggest that the cellular stress induced by the insecticide affects extra-oral digestion, compromising the potential of P. nigrispinus as a biological pest control agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Hakan Bozdoğan
- Kırsehir Ahi Evran University, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Department of Plant and Animal Production, 40100, Kırsehir, Turkey.
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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20
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Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Gonçalves WG, Freire AFPA, Zanuncio JC, Bozdoğan H, Serrão JE. Toxicity and cytotoxicity of the insecticide imidacloprid in the midgut of the predatory bug, Podisus nigrispinus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 167:69-75. [PMID: 30296698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The selectivity of insecticides on natural enemies in pest control are an important strategy for Integrated Pest Management. However, insecticides can have side effects on non-target organisms such as natural enemies. This study evaluated the histological and cytological changes mediated by the sublethal concentration of the imidacloprid insecticide on the midgut of non-target predator Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), used in the biological control of pests. Imidacloprid was toxic for P. nigrispinus with LC50 = 3.75 mg L-1 and survival of 51.8%. This sublethal concentration of imidacloprid causes histological alterations in the midgut epithelium and cytotoxic features were irregular border epithelium, cytoplasmic vacuolation, and apocrine secretions in the first 6 h after exposure with the insecticide. Apoptosis in the digestive cells occurs after 12 h of exposure in the midgut. These results suggest that imidacloprid may affect the digestive physiology of P. nigrispinus and compromise the effective predation of this insect a biological control agent. The associated use of this insecticide with the predator in pest control should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000 Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Wagner Gonzaga Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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21
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Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Neves GDS, Gonçalves WG, Zanuncio JC, Bozdoğan H, Serrão JE. Permethrin induces histological and cytological changes in the midgut of the predatory bug, Podisus nigrispinus. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 212:629-637. [PMID: 30173109 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides used in the agriculture and forestry have side effects on non-target organisms used as natural enemies. This study evaluated the histopathology and cytotoxicity of permethrin on the midgut of the non-target predatory bug, Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) used in the biological control of pest insects. The toxicity and survival of this insect were determined using six concentrations of permethrin via ingestion. Histological and ultraestutural changes of the midgut of P. nigrispinus were analyzed after exposure to permethrin. The insecticide caused toxicity in P. nigrispinus with LC50 = 0.46 μg L-1 and survival of 47% after 72 h of exposure. The histological changes in the midgut were irregularly bordered epithelium, cytoplasmic vacuolization and apocrine secretions in the lumen after 6 h following exposure to the insecticide. Cytotoxic effects such as granules and vacuoles secreted into the lumen, presence of autophagosomes, and dilatation of infolds of the basal plasma membrane were observed in the three regions of the midgut. Cells of the midgut in apoptosis occurred after 12 h of exposure. Permethrin causes toxic effects, inhibits survival, and produces changes in the histology and cytology of the midgut in P. nigrispinus, suggesting that the cell stress induced by this insecticide can disrupt physiological processes such as digestion, compromising the potential of the predator as a biological control agent of pests. The low selectivity of permethrin to a non-target organism such as the predatory bug, P. nigrispinus indicates that the associated use of this insecticide in biological control should be better evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme da Silva Neves
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wagner Gonzaga Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Hakan Bozdoğan
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Kirsehir Vocational School of Technicial Sciences, Ahi Evran University, 40100, Kirsehir, Turkey.
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, da Silva Neves G, Cossolin JF, Dos Santos MH, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE. Morphology, ultrastructure, and chemical compounds of the osmeterium of Heraclides thoas (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:1693-1702. [PMID: 29752568 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The osmeterium, found in papilionoid larvae, is an eversible organ with an exocrine gland that produces substances in response to the mechanical disturbances caused by natural enemies. The anatomy, histology and ultrastructure of the osmeterium, and the chemical composition of its secretion in Heraclides thoas (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) were studied. Heraclides thoas larvae have a Y-shaped osmeterium in the thorax. The surface of the osmeterium has a rough cuticle lining cells with papillae and irregular folds, whereas the cells that limited the gland pores are irregular, folded, and devoid of papillae. Two types of cells are found: (i) cuticular epidermal cells on the surface of the tubular arms of the osmeterium and (ii) secretory cells of the ellipsoid gland within the region of the glandular pore. Cuticular epidermal cells show a thick cuticle, with several layers divided into epicuticle and lamellar endocuticle. Secretory cells are polygonal, with extensive folds in the basal plasma membrane that formed extracellular channels. The cytoplasm has mitochondria, ribosomes, and numerous vacuoles, whereas the nucleus is irregular in shape with decondensed chromatin. The chemical composition of the osmeterial secretion comprised (Z)-α-bisabolene (25.4%), α-bisabol (20.6%), β-bisabolene (13.1%), (E)-α-bisabolene 8%), β-pinene (9.91%), longipinene epoxide (8.92%), (Z)-β-farnesene (6.96%), β-caryophyllene (2.05%), farnesol (1.86%), linalyl propionate (1.86%), and 1-octyn-4-ol (1.07%). The morphological features suggest that the cuticular epidermal cells play a major role in the maintenance and protection of the osmeterium, whereas secretory cells are responsible for production of osmeterial secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, Campus Universitário Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil.
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, 38810-000, Brazil
| | - Guilherme da Silva Neves
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, Campus Universitário Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Jamile Fernanda Cossolin
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, Campus Universitário Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | | | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, Campus Universitário Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
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Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Zanuncio JC, Tavares WDS, Serrão JE. Comparative morphology of the odoriferous system in three predatory stink bugs (Heteroptera: Asopinae). PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:1965-1972. [PMID: 28238089 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The metathoracic scent system in Heteroptera produces and releases defensive volatile compounds. The odor produced by predatory stink bugs differs from phytophagous bugs, suggesting a variation between the structure and function of the metathoracic scent system. The anatomy and ultrastructure of the external thoracic efferent system, scent gland, and reservoir in the stink bug predators Brontocoris tabidus, Podisus nigrispinus, and Supputius cincticeps (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) were studied. External thoracic efferent systems of B. tabidus, P. nigrispinus, and S. cincticeps have anatomical differences in ostiole, peritreme, and evaporatorium. Scent glands have a secretory portion and a reservoir. The reservoir has irregular projections, and in B. tabidus, it is enlarged and heart shaped, whereas in P. nigrispinus and S. cincticeps it is flattened and semicircular. The secretory tissue of the scent gland has well-developed globular secretory cells that produce odorous compounds, and the reservoir has a single layer of cubical cells lined by a cuticular intima. Secretory cells are type III with an intracellular end apparatus, well-developed nucleus with decondensed chromatin, and cytoplasm rich in mitochondria, lysosomes, granules, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. These findings suggest that there are differences in physiological function of the odoriferous system and the volatile compounds produced by the secretory cells, which may indicate variation in defensive behavior of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, Campus Universitário Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | | | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, Campus Universitário Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil.
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Zanuncio JC, Mourão SA, Martínez LC, Wilcken CF, Ramalho FS, Plata-Rueda A, Soares MA, Serrão JE. Toxic effects of the neem oil (Azadirachta indica) formulation on the stink bug predator, Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Sci Rep 2016; 6:30261. [PMID: 27596436 PMCID: PMC5011654 DOI: 10.1038/srep30261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This research investigated the effects of neem oil on mortality, survival and malformations of the non-target stink bug predator, Podisus nigrispinus. Neurotoxic and growth inhibitor insecticides were used to compare the lethal and sublethal effects from neem oil on this predator. Six concentrations of neem oil were topically applied onto nymphs and adults of this predator. The mortality rates of third, fourth, and fifth instar nymphs increased with increasing neem oil concentrations, suggesting low toxicity to P. nigrispinus nymphs. Mortality of adults was low, but with sublethal effects of neem products on this predator. The developmental rate of P. nigrispinus decreased with increasing neem oil concentrations. Longevity of fourth instar nymphs varied from 3.74 to 3.05 d, fifth instar from 5.94 to 4.07 d and adult from 16.5 and 15.7 d with 0.5 and 50% neem doses. Podisus nigrispinus presented malformations and increase with neem oil concentrations. The main malformations occur in wings, scutellum and legs of this predator. The neem oil at high and sub lethal doses cause mortality, inhibits growth and survival and results in anomalies on wings and legs of the non-traget predator P. nigrispinus indicating that its use associated with biological control should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Sheila Abreu Mourão
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Luis Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Carlos Frederico Wilcken
- Departamento de Proteção de Plantas, Escola de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 18603-970, Botucatu, Brasil
| | - Francisco S Ramalho
- Unidade de Controle Biológico, Embrapa Algodão, Av. Osvaldo Cruz, 1143, Campina Grande-PB, CEP 58428-095, Brasil
| | - Angelica Plata-Rueda
- Departamento de Entomologia, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 391000-000 Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Walker AA, Weirauch C, Fry BG, King GF. Venoms of Heteropteran Insects: A Treasure Trove of Diverse Pharmacological Toolkits. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:43. [PMID: 26907342 PMCID: PMC4773796 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The piercing-sucking mouthparts of the true bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera) have allowed diversification from a plant-feeding ancestor into a wide range of trophic strategies that include predation and blood-feeding. Crucial to the success of each of these strategies is the injection of venom. Here we review the current state of knowledge with regard to heteropteran venoms. Predaceous species produce venoms that induce rapid paralysis and liquefaction. These venoms are powerfully insecticidal, and may cause paralysis or death when injected into vertebrates. Disulfide-rich peptides, bioactive phospholipids, small molecules such as N,N-dimethylaniline and 1,2,5-trithiepane, and toxic enzymes such as phospholipase A2, have been reported in predatory venoms. However, the detailed composition and molecular targets of predatory venoms are largely unknown. In contrast, recent research into blood-feeding heteropterans has revealed the structure and function of many protein and non-protein components that facilitate acquisition of blood meals. Blood-feeding venoms lack paralytic or liquefying activity but instead are cocktails of pharmacological modulators that disable the host haemostatic systems simultaneously at multiple points. The multiple ways venom is used by heteropterans suggests that further study will reveal heteropteran venom components with a wide range of bioactivities that may be recruited for use as bioinsecticides, human therapeutics, and pharmacological tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Walker
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Christiane Weirauch
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Bryan G Fry
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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