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Barbotin M, Thoreau V, Page G. Brain tumours: Non-invasive techniques to treat invasive pathologies. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2024; 82:229-235. [PMID: 37866636 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Brain and other central nervous system tumours are cancers of poor prognosis, for which current therapeutic possibilities do not match the expectations regarding a curative objective. If the treatment of central nervous system tumours is so difficult, it is partly due to the blood-brain barrier and the blood-tumour barrier, which need to be crossed to access the tumour. Driven by these insufficient results, more and more techniques and technologies are being explored and are evolving: the progress of surgery and radiotherapy, the growing place of immunotherapies, or the apparition of new non-invasive techniques. The latter are those which interest us here, where promising advances are taking the leap to clinical trials. Nose-to-brain delivery, receptor-mediated transcytosis and micro-bubbles-associated focused ultrasounds are three therapeutic propositions with encouraging results regarding the improvement of drug access to the brain. Even though they might have their share of limits and adverse effects, benefit-risk balance looks promising, and they may appear as new options to treat patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Barbotin
- University of Poitiers, Medicine and Pharmacy faculty, Poitiers, France.
| | - Vincent Thoreau
- University of Poitiers, Medicine and Pharmacy faculty, Poitiers, France; University of Poitiers, Neurovascular Unit and Cognitive Disorders (NEUVACOD), Pôle Biologie Santé, Poitiers, France
| | - Guylène Page
- University of Poitiers, Medicine and Pharmacy faculty, Poitiers, France; University of Poitiers, Neurovascular Unit and Cognitive Disorders (NEUVACOD), Pôle Biologie Santé, Poitiers, France
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2
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Afzal O, Altamimi ASA, Nadeem MS, Alzarea SI, Almalki WH, Tariq A, Mubeen B, Murtaza BN, Iftikhar S, Riaz N, Kazmi I. Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery: From History to Therapeutic Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12244494. [PMID: 36558344 PMCID: PMC9781272 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Current research into the role of engineered nanoparticles in drug delivery systems (DDSs) for medical purposes has developed numerous fascinating nanocarriers. This paper reviews the various conventionally used and current used carriage system to deliver drugs. Due to numerous drawbacks of conventional DDSs, nanocarriers have gained immense interest. Nanocarriers like polymeric nanoparticles, mesoporous nanoparticles, nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, liposomes, metallic nanoparticles, nanomedicine, and engineered nanomaterials are used as carriage systems for targeted delivery at specific sites of affected areas in the body. Nanomedicine has rapidly grown to treat certain diseases like brain cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and many others. These nanomedicines can improve drug bioavailability and drug absorption time, reduce release time, eliminate drug aggregation, and enhance drug solubility in the blood. Nanomedicine has introduced a new era for drug carriage by refining the therapeutic directories of the energetic pharmaceutical elements engineered within nanoparticles. In this context, the vital information on engineered nanoparticles was reviewed and conferred towards the role in drug carriage systems to treat many ailments. All these nanocarriers were tested in vitro and in vivo. In the coming years, nanomedicines can improve human health more effectively by adding more advanced techniques into the drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqsa Tariq
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bismillah Mubeen
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bibi Nazia Murtaza
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad 22310, Pakistan
| | - Saima Iftikhar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University, Abbottabad 22020, Pakistan
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Qi Y, Guo L, Jiang Y, Shi Y, Sui H, Zhao L. Brain delivery of quercetin-loaded exosomes improved cognitive function in AD mice by inhibiting phosphorylated tau-mediated neurofibrillary tangles. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:745-755. [PMID: 32397764 PMCID: PMC7269046 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1762262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is reported that quercetin (Que) can prevent tau pathology and induce neuroprotection by improving cognitive and functional symptoms in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its clinical application has been limited due to its poor brain targeting and bioavailability. Exosomes are considered as cargo carriers for intercellular communication and especially serve as a natural and important drug brain delivery platform for achieving better treatment of central neurological diseases. Here, we developed plasma exosomes (Exo) loaded with Que (Exo-Que) to improve the drug bioavailability, enhance the brain targeting of Que and potently ameliorate cognitive dysfunction in okadaic acid (OA)-induced AD mice. Our results showed that Exo-Que improved brain targeting of Que as well as significantly enhanced bioavailability of Que. Furthermore, compared with free Que, Exo-Que better relieved the symptoms of AD by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5)-mediated phosphorylation of Tau and reducing formation of insoluble neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), suggesting its therapeutic potential for better treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, P R China
| | - Lin Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, P R China
| | - Yibing Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, P R China
| | - Yijie Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, P R China
| | - Haijuan Sui
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, P R China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, P R China
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4
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Neuroprotection by curcumin: A review on brain delivery strategies. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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5
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Wang H, Sui H, Zheng Y, Jiang Y, Shi Y, Liang J, Zhao L. Curcumin-primed exosomes potently ameliorate cognitive function in AD mice by inhibiting hyperphosphorylation of the Tau protein through the AKT/GSK-3β pathway. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:7481-7496. [PMID: 30942233 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01255a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the progressive development of fatal neurodegenerative diseases. Owing to the unclearness of the pathogenesis of AD and the failure of the drug to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), there is currently a lack of effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the treatment of AD. The aim of this study was to design exosomes (Exo) as a specifically designed carrier able to carry curcumin (cur) to prevent neuronal death in vitro and in vivo to alleviate the AD symptoms. Our results demonstrated that Exo improved the solubility and bioavailability of cur and increased drug penetration across the BBB by specific active targeting between Exo, inheriting the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) and endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Exosomes derived from curcumin-treated (primed) cells (Exo-cur) can better prevent the death of neurons in vitro and in vivo to relieve the symptoms of AD by inhibiting phosphorylation of the Tau protein through activating the AKT/GSK-3β pathway. Our results suggested that Exo-cur featured highly effective BBB-crossing via receptor-mediated transcytosis to access brain tissues and inhibited Tau phosphorylation, holding great potential in improving targeted drug delivery and the recovery of neuronal function in AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, P R China.
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6
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Khan AR, Yang X, Fu M, Zhai G. Recent progress of drug nanoformulations targeting to brain. J Control Release 2018; 291:37-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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7
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Abstract
Delivery of imaging agents and pharmaceutical payloads to the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for efficient diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases. However, therapeutic delivery is often restricted by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents transport of clinical compounds to their region of interest. This review discusses the methods that have been used to avoid or overcome this barrier, presenting the use of biologically-derived nanomaterial systems as an efficient strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of CNS diseases. Biological nanomaterials have many advantages over synthetic systems, including being biodegradable, biocompatible, easily surface functionalised for conjugation of targeting moieties, and are often able to self-assemble. These abilities are discussed in relation to various systems, including liposomes, dendrimers, and viral nanoparticles.
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Velasco-Aguirre C, Morales-Zavala F, Salas-Huenuleo E, Gallardo-Toledo E, Andonie O, Muñoz L, Rojas X, Acosta G, Sánchez-Navarro M, Giralt E, Araya E, Albericio F, Kogan MJ. Improving gold nanorod delivery to the central nervous system by conjugation to the shuttle Angiopep-2. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:2503-2517. [PMID: 28882086 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To improve the in vivo delivery of gold nanorods (GNRs) to the central nervous system of rats, these gold nanoparticles were conjugated to Angiopep-2, a shuttle peptide that can cross the blood-brain barrier. MATERIALS & METHODS GNRs were synthesized and modified using polyethylene glycol and Angiopep-2 (GNR-PEG-Angiopep-2). The physicochemical properties, in vitro cytotoxicity and ex vivo biodistribution of the conjugate were examined. RESULTS GNR-PEG-Angiopep-2 was stable over the following days, and the different concentrations that were tested did not affect the viability of microvascular endothelial cells. The conjugation of Angiopep-2 to GNRs enhanced the endocytosis of these particles (in vitro) and the accumulation in brains (in vivo), when compared with GNRs modified only with PEG. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that Angiopep-2 improves the delivery of GNRs to the brain parenchyma. This property is highly relevant for future applications of GNRs as platforms for photothermal and theranostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Velasco-Aguirre
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Morales-Zavala
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Edison Salas-Huenuleo
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Gallardo-Toledo
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Andonie
- Sección Metrologia Química, Comisión Chilena de Energía Nuclear, CCHEN, Nueva Bilbao 12501, La Reina, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Muñoz
- Sección Metrologia Química, Comisión Chilena de Energía Nuclear, CCHEN, Nueva Bilbao 12501, La Reina, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Rojas
- Sección Metrologia Química, Comisión Chilena de Energía Nuclear, CCHEN, Nueva Bilbao 12501, La Reina, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerardo Acosta
- Department of Inorganic & Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Macarena Sánchez-Navarro
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona (Spain)
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Department of Inorganic & Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona (Spain)
| | - Eyleen Araya
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Republica 275, 8370146 Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Department of Inorganic & Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Marcelo Javier Kogan
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
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Theodorakis PE, Müller EA, Craster RV, Matar OK. Physical insights into the blood-brain barrier translocation mechanisms. Phys Biol 2017; 14:041001. [PMID: 28586313 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/aa708a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The number of individuals suffering from diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) is growing with an aging population. While candidate drugs for many of these diseases are available, most of these pharmaceutical agents cannot reach the brain rendering most of the drug therapies that target the CNS inefficient. The reason is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a complex and dynamic interface that controls the influx and efflux of substances through a number of different translocation mechanisms. Here, we present these mechanisms providing, also, the necessary background related to the morphology and various characteristics of the BBB. Moreover, we discuss various numerical and simulation approaches used to study the BBB, and possible future directions based on multi-scale methods. We anticipate that this review will motivate multi-disciplinary research on the BBB aiming at the design of effective drug therapies.
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10
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Recent advancements in liposomes targeting strategies to cross blood-brain barrier (BBB) for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Control Release 2017; 260:61-77. [PMID: 28549949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this modern era, with the help of various advanced technologies, medical science has overcome most of the health-related issues successfully. Though, some diseases still remain unresolved due to various physiological barriers. One such condition is Alzheimer; a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory impairment, behavioral abnormalities, mood swing and disturbed routine activities of the person suffering from. It is well known to all that the brain is entirely covered by a protective layer commonly known as blood brain barrier (BBB) which is responsible to maintain the homeostasis of brain by restricting the entry of toxic substances, drug molecules, various proteins and peptides, small hydrophilic molecules, large lipophilic substances and so many other peripheral components to protect the brain from any harmful stimuli. This functionally essential structure creates a major hurdle for delivery of any drug into the brain. Still, there are some provisions on BBB which facilitate the entry of useful substances in the brain via specific mechanisms like passive diffusion, receptor-mediated transcytosis, carrier-mediated transcytosis etc. Another important factor for drug transport is the selection of a suitable drug delivery systems like, liposome, which is a novel drug carrier system offering a potential approach to resolving this problem. Its unique phospholipid bilayer structure (similar to physiological membrane) had made it more compatible with the lipoidal layer of BBB and helps the drug to enter the brain. The present review work focused on various surface modifications with functional ligand (like lactoferrin, transferrin etc.) and carrier molecules (such as glutathione, glucose etc.) on the liposomal structure to enhance its brain targeting ability towards the successful treatment of Alzheimer disease.
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11
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Sintov AC, Velasco-Aguirre C, Gallardo-Toledo E, Araya E, Kogan MJ. Metal Nanoparticles as Targeted Carriers Circumventing the Blood-Brain Barrier. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 130:199-227. [PMID: 27678178 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles have been proposed as a carrier and a therapeutic agent in biomedical field because of their unique physiochemical properties. Due to these physicochemical properties, they can be used in different fields of biomedicine. In relation to this, plasmonic nanoparticles can be used for detection and photothermal destruction of tumor cells or toxic protein aggregates, and magnetic iron nanoparticles can be used for imaging and for hyperthermia of tumor cells. In addition, both therapy and imaging can be combined in one nanoparticle system, in a process called theranostics. Metal nanoparticles can be synthesized to modulate their size and shape, and conjugated with different ligands, which allow their application in drug delivery, diagnostics, and treatment of central nervous system diseases. This review is focused on the potential applications of metal nanoparticles and their capability to circumvent the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Although many articles have demonstrated delivery of metal nanoparticles to the brain by crossing the BBB after systemic administration, the percentage of the injected dose that reaches this organ is low in comparison to others, especially the liver and spleen. In connection with this drawback, we elaborate the architecture of the BBB and review possible mechanisms to cross this barrier by engineered nanoparticles. The potential uses of metal nanoparticles for treatment of disorders as well as related neurotoxicological considerations are also discussed. Finally, we bring up for discussion a direct and relatively simpler solution to the problem. We discuss this in detail after having proposed the use of the intranasal administration route as a way to circumvent the BBB. This route has not been extensively studied yet for metal nanoparticles, although it could be used as a research tool for mechanistic understanding and toxicity as well as an added value for medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Sintov
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
| | - C Velasco-Aguirre
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - E Gallardo-Toledo
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - E Araya
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - M J Kogan
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile.
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12
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De Luca MA, Lai F, Corrias F, Caboni P, Bimpisidis Z, Maccioni E, Fadda AM, Di Chiara G. Lactoferrin- and antitransferrin-modified liposomes for brain targeting of the NK3 receptor agonist senktide: preparation and in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm 2015; 479:129-37. [PMID: 25560308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the capability of lactoferrin- and antitransferrin-modified long circulating liposomes to deliver the hydrophilic peptide senktide, a selective NK3 receptor agonist unable to cross the blood brain barrier, to central nervous system by using an indirect method based on in vivo microdialysis studies to estimate the responsiveness of nucleus accumbens shell dopamine to senktide. To this purpose, senktide was encapsulated in different targeted and not-targeted stealth liposomes prepared using film hydration method. Formulations were characterized in terms of morphology, size distribution, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and antibody presence on the liposome surface. In vivo microdialysis studies were performed injecting intravenously the senktide-loaded liposomes and comparing obtained dopamine levels with those found with the free senktide given intracerebroventricularly. Results showed that all vesicles were spherical, small in size (around 120 nm), homogeneously dispersed, and slightly negatively charged. TEM analysis, using an anti IgG secondary antibody with 10nm gold nanoparticles at its distal end, demonstrated the successful linkage of the antibody on the liposomal surface. Intravenously administered in rats, senktide-loaded targeted stealth liposomes elicited a significant increase of dialysate dopamine in the nucleus accumbens shell, which was comparable to that of the free senktide given intracerebroventricularly when antitransferrin-targeted liposomes were tested. On the contrary, control stealth liposomes did not affect dopamine levels. Senktide brain levels were higher using the antitransferrin-targeted liposomes in comparison with the lactoferrin ones, while the opposite was obtained in the liver tissue where the highest senktide accumulation was always found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonietta De Luca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; INN, National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Lai
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; CNBS, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Corrias
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Zisis Bimpisidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elias Maccioni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Fadda
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; CNBS, University of Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Di Chiara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; INN, National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Italy; Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Cagliari Section, Italy
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13
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Agile delivery of protein therapeutics to CNS. J Control Release 2014; 190:637-63. [PMID: 24956489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A variety of therapeutic proteins have shown potential to treat central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Challenge to deliver these protein molecules to the brain is well known. Proteins administered through parenteral routes are often excluded from the brain because of their poor bioavailability and the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Barriers also exist to proteins administered through non-parenteral routes that bypass the BBB. Several strategies have shown promise in delivering proteins to the brain. This review, first, describes the physiology and pathology of the BBB that underscore the rationale and needs of each strategy to be applied. Second, major classes of protein therapeutics along with some key factors that affect their delivery outcomes are presented. Third, different routes of protein administration (parenteral, central intracerebroventricular and intraparenchymal, intranasal and intrathecal) are discussed along with key barriers to CNS delivery associated with each route. Finally, current delivery strategies involving chemical modification of proteins and use of particle-based carriers are overviewed using examples from literature and our own work. Whereas most of these studies are in the early stage, some provide proof of mechanism of increased protein delivery to the brain in relevant models of CNS diseases, while in few cases proof of concept had been attained in clinical studies. This review will be useful to broad audience of students, academicians and industry professionals who consider critical issues of protein delivery to the brain and aim developing and studying effective brain delivery systems for protein therapeutics.
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14
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Li X, Qu B, Jin X, Hai L, Wu Y. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation for docetaxel-loaded brain targeting liposome with “lock-in” function. J Drug Target 2013; 22:251-261. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2013.865032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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15
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Patel PJ, Acharya NS, Acharya SR. Development and characterization of glutathione-conjugated albumin nanoparticles for improved brain delivery of hydrophilic fluorescent marker. Drug Deliv 2013; 20:143-55. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2013.801050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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16
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Sharma G, Modgil A, Layek B, Arora K, Sun C, Law B, Singh J. Cell penetrating peptide tethered bi-ligand liposomes for delivery to brain in vivo: Biodistribution and transfection. J Control Release 2013; 167:1-10. [PMID: 23352910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Targeted nano-particulate systems hold extraordinary potential for delivery of therapeutics across blood brain barrier (BBB). In this work, we investigated the potential of novel bi-ligand (transferrin-poly-l-arginine) liposomal vector for delivery of desired gene to brain, in vivo. The in vivo evaluation of the delivery vectors is essential for clinical translation. We followed an innovative approach of combining transferrin receptor targeting with enhanced cell penetration to design liposomal vectors for improving the transport of molecules into brain. The biodistribution profile of 1, 1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine iodide(DiR)-labeled liposomes was evaluated in adult rats after single intravenous injection at dose of 15.2μmoles of phospholipids/kg body weight. We demonstrated that bi-ligand liposomes accumulated in rat brain at significantly (p<0.05) higher concentrations as compared to the single-ligand (transferrin) or plain liposomes. In addition, the bi-ligand liposomes resulted in increased expression of β-galactosidase(β-gal) plasmid in rat brain tissue in comparison to the single-ligand liposomes. Histological examination of the transfected tissues did not show any signs of tissue necrosis or inflammation. Hemolysis assay further authenticated the biocompatibility of bi-ligand liposomes in blood up to 600 nmoles of phospholipids/1.4×10(7) erythrocytes. The findings of this study provide important and detailed information regarding the distribution of bi-ligand liposomes in vivo and accentuate their ability to demonstrate improved brain penetration and transfection potential over single-ligand liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nursing, and Allied Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
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Krol S, Macrez R, Docagne F, Defer G, Laurent S, Rahman M, Hajipour MJ, Kehoe PG, Mahmoudi M. Therapeutic Benefits from Nanoparticles: The Potential Significance of Nanoscience in Diseases with Compromise to the Blood Brain Barrier. Chem Rev 2012; 113:1877-903. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200472g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Krol
- Fondazione IRCCS Institute of Neurology “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard Macrez
- Inserm U919, University Caen Basse Normandie, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, GIP CYCERON, F-14074 Caen, France
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- Inserm U919, University Caen Basse Normandie, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, GIP CYCERON, F-14074 Caen, France
| | - Gilles Defer
- Inserm U919, University Caen Basse Normandie, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, GIP CYCERON, F-14074 Caen, France
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Masoud Rahman
- Laboratory of NanoBio Interactions , Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad J. Hajipour
- Laboratory of NanoBio Interactions , Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Patrick G. Kehoe
- Dementia Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bristol, John James Laboratories, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, U.K
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Laboratory of NanoBio Interactions , Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Current address: School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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19
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Chen Y, Liu L. Modern methods for delivery of drugs across the blood-brain barrier. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:640-65. [PMID: 22154620 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 606] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly regulated and efficient barrier that provides a sanctuary to the brain. It is designed to regulate brain homeostasis and to permit selective transport of molecules that are essential for brain function. Unfortunately, drug transport to the brain is hampered by this almost impermeable, highly selective and well coordinated barrier. With progress in molecular biology, the BBB is better understood, particularly under different pathological conditions. This review will discuss the barrier issue from a biological and pathological perspective to provide a better insight to the challenges and opportunities associated with the BBB. Modern methods which can take advantage of these opportunities will be reviewed. Applications of nanotechnology in drug transport, receptor-mediated targeting and transport, and finally cell-mediated drug transport will also be covered in the review. The challenge of delivering an effective therapy to the brain is formidable; solutions will likely involve concerted multidisciplinary approaches that take into account BBB biology as well as the unique features associated with the pathological condition to be treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, CHIRI, WABRI, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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20
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Tabatabaei SN, Duchemin S, Girouard H, Martel S. Towards MR-navigable Nanorobotic Carriers for Drug Delivery into the Brain. IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION : ICRA : [PROCEEDINGS]. IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION 2012:727-732. [PMID: 23518572 DOI: 10.1109/icra.2012.6225041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Navigation (MRN) relies on Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) embedded in microcarriers or microrobots to allow the induction of a directional propelling force by 3-D magnetic gradients. These magnetic gradients are superposed on a sufficiently high homogeneous magnetic field (e.g. the Bo field of a MR scanner) to achieve maximum propelling force through magnetization saturation of the MNPs. As previously demonstrated by our group, such technique was successful at maintaining microcarriers along a planned trajectory in the blood vessels based on tracking information gathered using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) sequences from artifacts caused by the same MNPs. Besides propulsion and tracking, the same MNPs can be synthesized with characteristics that can allow for the diffusion of therapeutic cargo carried by these MR-navigable carriers through the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) using localized hyperthermia without compromising the MRN capabilities. In the present study, localized hyperthermia induced by an alternating magnetic field (AC field) is investigated for the purpose of transient controlled disruption of the BBB and hence local delivery of therapeutic agents into the brain. Here, an external heating apparatus was used to impose a regional heat shock on the skull of a living mouse model. The effect of heat on the permeability of the BBB was assessed using histological observation and tissue staining by Evans blue dye. Results show direct correlation between hyperthermia and BBB leakage as well as its recovery from thermal damage. Therefore, in addition to on-command propulsion and remote tracking, the proposed navigable agents could be suitable for controlled opening of the BBB by hyperthermia and selective brain drug delivery.
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21
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Liposome formulated with TAT-modified cholesterol for improving brain delivery and therapeutic efficacy on brain glioma in animals. Int J Pharm 2011; 420:304-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Yu Y, Pang Z, Lu W, Yin Q, Gao H, Jiang X. Self-Assembled Polymersomes Conjugated with Lactoferrin as Novel Drug Carrier for Brain Delivery. Pharm Res 2011; 29:83-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Qin Y, Chen H, Yuan W, Kuai R, Zhang Q, Xie F, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Liu J, He Q. Liposome formulated with TAT-modified cholesterol for enhancing the brain delivery. Int J Pharm 2011; 419:85-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Novel and emerging strategies in drug delivery for overcoming the blood-brain barrier. Future Med Chem 2011; 1:1623-41. [PMID: 21425983 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.09.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two decades of molecular research have revealed the presence of transporters and receptors expressed in the brain vascular endothelium that provide potential novel targets for the rational design of blood-brain barrier-penetrating drugs. In this review, we briefly introduce the reader to the molecular characteristics of the blood-brain barrier that make this one of the most important obstacles towards the development of efficacious CNS drugs. We highlight recent attempts to rationally target influx and bidirectional transport systems expressed on the brain endothelial cell and avoid the important obstacle presented in the form of efflux transporters. Many of these approaches are highly innovative and show promise for future human application. Some of these approaches, however, have revealed significant limitations and are critiqued in this review. Nonetheless, these combined efforts have left the field of CNS drug delivery better positioned for developing novel approaches towards the rational design of CNS-penetrating drugs.
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Qin Y, Fan W, Chen H, Yao N, Tang W, Tang J, Yuan W, Kuai R, Zhang Z, Wu Y, He Q. In vitro and in vivo investigation of glucose-mediated brain-targeting liposomes. J Drug Target 2010; 18:536-49. [PMID: 20132091 DOI: 10.3109/10611861003587235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
New glycosyl derivative of cholesterol was synthesized as a material for preparing novel liposome to overcome the ineffective delivery of normal drug formulations to brain by targeting the (glucose transporters) GLUTs on the BBB. Coumarin-6 was used as fluorescent probe. The results have shown that the cytotoxicity for the brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) of the glucose-mediated brain targeting liposome containing coumarin-6 was less than that of conventional liposome. The BBB model in vitro was established by coculturing of BCECs and astrocytes (ACs) of rat to test the transendothelial ability crossing the BBB. The transendothelial ability was confirmed strengthen alone with the amount of the new glycosyl derivative of cholesterol used in liposome. After i.v. administration of LIP, control liposome (CLP), and GLP-4, the AUC(0-t) of coumarin-6 for GLP-4 was 2.85 times higher than that of LIP, and 3.33 times higher than that of CLP. The C(max) of CLP-4 was 1.43 times higher than that of LIP, and 3.10 times higher than that of CLP. Both pharmacokinetics and distribution in mice were also investigated to show that this novel brain targeting drug delivery system was promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Wang CX, Huang LS, Hou LB, Jiang L, Yan ZT, Wang YL, Chen ZL. Antitumor effects of polysorbate-80 coated gemcitabine polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles in vitro and its pharmacodynamics in vivo on C6 glioma cells of a brain tumor model. Brain Res 2009; 1261:91-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 01/07/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Chakraborty C, Sarkar B, Hsu CH, Wen ZH, Lin CS, Shieh PC. Future prospects of nanoparticles on brain targeted drug delivery. J Neurooncol 2008; 93:285-6. [PMID: 19048187 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-008-9759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Brain targeting using novel lipid nanovectors. J Control Release 2008; 126:44-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2007] [Revised: 10/29/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB), together with the blood-cerebrospinal-fluid barrier, protects and regulates the homeostasis of the brain. However, these barriers also limit the transport of small-molecule and, particularly, biopharmaceutical drugs such as proteins, genes and interference RNA to the brain, thereby limiting the treatment of many brain diseases. As a result, various drug delivery and targeting strategies are currently being developed to enhance the transport and distribution of drugs into the brain. In this review, we discuss briefly the biology and physiology of the BBB as the most important barrier for drug transport to the brain and, in more detail, the possibilities for delivering large-molecule drugs, particularly genes, by receptor-mediated nonviral drug delivery to the (human) brain. In addition, the systemic and intracellular pharmacokinetics of nonviral gene delivery, together with targeted brain imaging, are reviewed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albertus G de Boer
- Blood-Brain-Barrier Research Group, Division of Pharmacology, Leiden-Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is a sanctuary site and is protected by various barriers. These regulate brain homeostasis and the transport of endogenous and exogenous compounds by controlling their selective and specific uptake, efflux, and metabolism in the brain. Unfortunately, potential drugs for the treatment of most brain diseases are therefore often not able to cross these barriers. As a result, various drug delivery and targeting strategies are currently being developed to enhance the transport and distribution of drugs into the brain. Here we discuss briefly the biology and physiology of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebro-spinal-fluid barrier (BCSFB), and, in more detail, the possibilities for delivering large-molecular-weight drugs by local and global delivery and by viral and receptor-mediated nonviral drug delivery to the (human) brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G de Boer
- Blood-Brain Barrier Research Group, Division of Pharmacology, Leiden-Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, University of Leiden, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Couvreur P, Vauthier C. Nanotechnology: intelligent design to treat complex disease. Pharm Res 2006; 23:1417-50. [PMID: 16779701 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-006-0284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 514] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2005] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this expert review is to discuss the impact of nanotechnology in the treatment of the major health threats including cancer, infections, metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and inflammations. Indeed, during the past 30 years, the explosive growth of nanotechnology has burst into challenging innovations in pharmacology, the main input being the ability to perform temporal and spatial site-specific delivery. This has led to some marketed compounds through the last decade. Although the introduction of nanotechnology obviously permitted to step over numerous milestones toward the development of the "magic bullet" proposed a century ago by the immunologist Paul Ehrlich, there are, however, unresolved delivery problems to be still addressed. These scientific and technological locks are discussed along this review together with an analysis of the current situation concerning the industrial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Couvreur
- Laboratoire de Physico-chimie, Pharmacotechnie et Biopharmacie, UMR CNRS 8612, Université de Paris Sud, 5 Rue J.B. Clément, 92 296, Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France
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