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Farooq S, Xu L, Ullah S, Li J, Nie J, Ping J, Ying Y. Advancements and greenification potential of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for chromatographic analysis of veterinary drug residues in milk. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13399. [PMID: 39072953 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Milk, as a widely consumed nutrient-rich food, is crucial for bone health, growth, and overall nutrition. The persistent application of veterinary drugs for controlling diseases and heightening milk yield has imparted substantial repercussions on human health and environmental ecosystems. Due to the high demand, fresh consumption, complex composition of milk, and the potential adverse impacts of drug residues, advanced greener analytical methods are necessitated. Among them, functional materials-based analytical methods attract wide concerns. The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs), as a kind of typical functional material, possess excellent greenification characteristics and potencies, and they are easily integrated into various detection technologies, which have offered green approaches toward analytes such as veterinary drugs in milk. Despite their increasing applications and great potential, MMIPs' use in dairy matrices remains underexplored, especially regarding ecological sustainability. This work reviews recent advances in MMIPs' synthesis and application as efficient sorbents for veterinary drug extraction in milk followed by chromatographic analysis. The uniqueness and effectiveness of MMIPs in real milk samples are evaluated, current limitations are addressed, and greenification opportunities are proposed. MMIPs show promise in revolutionizing green analytical procedures for veterinary drug detection, aligning with the environmental goals of modern food production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Farooq
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Platform of Micro/Nano Technology for Biosensing, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhou Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Platform of Micro/Nano Technology for Biosensing, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Safat Ullah
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Jinhua Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Jiyun Nie
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agriculture University/Qingdao Key Lab of Modern Agriculture Quality and Safety Engineering, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianfeng Ping
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Platform of Micro/Nano Technology for Biosensing, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibin Ying
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Platform of Micro/Nano Technology for Biosensing, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Determination of veterinary drug residues, mycotoxins, and pesticide residues in bovine milk by liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation –tandem mass spectrometry. J Vet Res 2022; 66:215-224. [PMID: 35892099 PMCID: PMC9281516 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Multi-class and multi-residue analyses are very complex procedures because of the physico-chemical properties of veterinary drug residues and other contaminants. The purpose of the study was to develop an analytical method for the sensitive determination of 69 analytes in bovine milk by liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation–tandem mass spectrometry.
Material and Methods
Antimicrobial, anabolic hormone, lactone, β-agonist, mycotoxin and pesticide residues were analysed in 120 raw milk samples from different dairy farms in North Macedonia. Stable isotopically labelled internal standards were used to facilitate effective quantification of the analytes.
Results
The linear regression coefficients were higher than 0.99, the limits of detection ranged from 0.0036 to 47.94 μg/L, and the limits of quantification ranged from 0.053 to 59.43 μg/L. The decision limit values ranged from 0.062 to 211.32 μg/L and the detection capability from 0.080 to 233.71 μg/L. Average recoveries of the analytes spiked in raw milk were in the range of 70.83% to 109%, intra-day coefficient of variation (CV) values from 2.41% to 22.29%, and inter-day CV values from 3.48% to 23.91%. The method was successfully applied in the testing of bovine milk samples. In five samples residues were detected. They were sulfadimethoxine (in two samples), enrofloxacin, tetracycline and oxytetracycline and were at concentrations below the EU maximum residue limit.
Conclusion
The method is useful for routine testing for this group of chemical hazards in bovine milk.
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Oyedeji AO, Msagati TA, Williams AB, Benson NU. Detection and quantification of multiclass antibiotic residues in poultry products using solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08469. [PMID: 34917790 PMCID: PMC8646174 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This article describes the initial study on the simultaneous determination of multiclass antibiotic residues in imported and local frozen poultry specimens, including turkey gizzard and muscle tissues, and chicken muscle tissues, commonly consumed in Ogun State, Nigeria. Minced tissues were treated with phosphate buffer adjusted to pH 7 that was cleaned using C18 SPE-column (Supelclean™) cartridge. For the determination of six antibiotic residues including fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, and macrolides, a solid-phase extraction method was used, followed by extract analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The coefficient of determination (R2) for the external standards for all the analytes ranged between 0.963 and 0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) ranged between 5.37 - 55.4 μg/kg, and 17.9-185 μg/kg, respectively. Enrofloxacin, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamerazine, and tylosin showed high concentration levels in the frozen poultry beyond acceptable maximum residue limits (MRLs). The six drugs considered in this study were present at higher concentrations in domestic chicken tissues than the permissible level. This suggests that farmers do not observe the cessation period before poultry birds previously treated with antibiotics are sold to consumers thus exposing them to potentially hazardous antibiotic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrasaq O. Oyedeji
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Nigeria
| | - Titus A.M. Msagati
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, South Africa
| | - Akan B. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Nsikak U. Benson
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
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Fedorenko D, Bartkevics V. Recent Applications of Nano-Liquid Chromatography in Food Safety and Environmental Monitoring: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:98-122. [PMID: 34392753 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1938968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a trend toward instrument miniaturization has led to the development of new and sophisticated analytical systems, such as nano-liquid chromatography (nano-LC), which has enabled improvements of sensitivity, as well as chromatographic resolution. The growing interest in nano-LC methodology has resulted in a variety of innovative and promising applications. In this article, we review the applications of nano-LC separation methods coupled with mass spectrometry in the analysis of food and environmental samples. An assessment of sample preparation methods and analytical performance are provided, along with comparison to other, more established analytical techniques. Three main groups of compounds that are crucial for food safety assessment are considered in this review: pharmaceuticals (including antibiotics), pesticides, and mycotoxins. Recent practical applications of the nano-LC method in the determination of these compounds are discussed. Furthermore, we also focus on methods for the determination of various environmental contaminants using nano-LC methods. Future perspectives for the development of nano-LC methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniss Fedorenko
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Riga, Latvia.,University of Latvia, Faculty of Chemistry, Riga, Latvia
| | - Vadims Bartkevics
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Riga, Latvia.,University of Latvia, Faculty of Chemistry, Riga, Latvia
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Determination of veterinary antibiotics in cow milk using rotating-disk sorptive extraction and liquid chromatography. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents: Application for tetracyclines monitoring in milk. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Alija G, Hajrulai-Musliu Z, Uzunov R. Development and validation of confirmatory LC–MS/MS method for multi-residue analysis of antibiotic drugs in bovine milk. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03361-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Chiesa LM, DeCastelli L, Nobile M, Martucci F, Mosconi G, Fontana M, Castrica M, Arioli F, Panseri S. Analysis of antibiotic residues in raw bovine milk and their impact toward food safety and on milk starter cultures in cheese-making process. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yang S, Ma S, Zhu K, Wang M, Li J, Arabi M, Liu H, Li Y, Chen L. Simultaneous enrichment/determination of six sulfonamides in animal husbandry products and environmental waters by pressure-assisted electrokinetic injection coupled with capillary zone electrophoresis. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Chen J, Ying GG, Deng WJ. Antibiotic Residues in Food: Extraction, Analysis, and Human Health Concerns. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7569-7586. [PMID: 31198037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The abundant use of antibiotics leads to antibiotic residues in frequently consumed foods. Residual antibiotics in food may have adverse effects on humans by directly causing disease via low-dose exposure and indirect harm via antibiotic resistance. However, the current methods for antibiotic extraction and analysis in food have not yet formed a uniform standard, and only a few data exist regarding the residual antibiotic condition in various types of foods. Hence, we review the literature since 2008 to summarize analytical methods and residue status of antibiotics in food. Then, we discuss the causes of antibiotic residues in food and the possible hazards to human health. We hope that the joint efforts of the scientific community and political circles will lead to the formation of a unified standard for the extraction and analysis of antibiotics in food, to allow for comprehensive monitoring of residual antibiotics and ensure human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies , The Education University of Hong Kong , Tai Po , New Territories , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- The Environmental Research Institute, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry , South China Normal University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- The Environmental Research Institute, Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry , South China Normal University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Deng
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies , The Education University of Hong Kong , Tai Po , New Territories , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
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Chen X, Hong F, Cao Y, Hu F, Wu Y, Wu D, Li T, Lin J, Gan N. A microchip electrophoresis-based assay for ratiometric detection of kanamycin by R-shape probe and exonuclease-assisted signal amplification. Talanta 2018; 189:494-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Helmschrodt C, Schmidt K, Bertulat S, Klein L, Finnah A, Heuwieser W, Richter A. Quantitative analysis of cefquinome considering different matrix compositions of bovine colostrum and raw milk. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:7465-7475. [PMID: 30218123 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A robust liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and comprehensively validated for the quantification of cefquinome considering the changing matrix composition from bovine colostrum to raw milk. Sample preparation consisted of addition of isotopically labeled cefquinome internal standard prior to protein precipitation of 2 g colostrum or milk followed by solid-phase extraction. A wide concentration range from 1 to 5000 ng cefquinome per gram of colostrum or milk was quantified using a 3200 QTRAP tandem mass spectrometer in positive ionization mode with electrospray ionization. Validation was performed according to the European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC guidelines. Matrix-comprehensive in-house validation included analytical limits CCα and CCβ, recovery, precision and calibration curves with prediction intervals, storage conditions, and evaluation of robustness based on factorial effect analysis. The detection limit was 0.2 ng cefquinome per gram of colostrum or milk. Recovery was between 98.4 and 99.4% for cefquinome concentrations from 4 to 240 ng/g. None of the investigated validation factors (matrix, storage of extracts, lot of SPE cartridges, and operators) exerted an influence higher than ± 3.2%, indicating that these factors make relatively low contributions to the respective combined measurement uncertainties. The comprehensively validated method enables routine residue control purposes and to monitor the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in bovine colostrum and raw milk. In particular, residue depletion curves of cefquinome from high concentrations in first milking after treatment to concentrations far below the maximum residue limit can be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Helmschrodt
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Schmidt
- Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (BVL), Referat 305 Postfach 110260, 10832, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Bertulat
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 65, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Klein
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anke Finnah
- Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (BVL), Referat 305 Postfach 110260, 10832, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Heuwieser
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 65, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Richter
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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Wang Q, Zhang L. Fabricated ultrathin magnetic nitrogen doped graphene tube as efficient and recyclable adsorbent for highly sensitive simultaneous determination of three tetracyclines residues in milk samples. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1568:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Rapid Screening and Determination of the Residues of Hormones and Sedatives in Milk Powder Using the UHPLC-MS/MS and SPE. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Simultaneous Determination of Nitroimidazoles and Quinolones in Honey by Modified QuEChERS and LC-MS/MS Analysis. Int J Anal Chem 2018; 2018:4271385. [PMID: 29511378 PMCID: PMC5817847 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4271385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports an analytical method for the determination of nitroimidazole and quinolones in honey using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A modified QuEChERS methodology was used to extract the analytes and determine veterinary drugs in honey by LC-MS/MS. The linear regression was excellent at the concentration levels of 1–100 ng/mL in the solution standard curve and the matrix standard curve. The recovery rates of nitroimidazole and quinolones were 4.4% to 59.1% and 9.8% to 46.2% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 5.2% and the recovery rates of nitroimidazole and quinolones by the matrix standard curve ranged from 82.0% to 117.8% and 79% to 115.9% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 6.3% in acacia and jujube honey. The acacia and jujube honeys have stronger matrix inhibition effect to nitroimidazole and quinolones residue; the matrix inhibition effect of jujube honey is stronger than acacia honey. The matrix standard curve can calibrate matrix effect effectively. In this study, the detection method of antibiotics in honey can be applied to the actual sample. The results demonstrated that the modified QuEChERS method combined with LC-MS/MS is a rapid, high, sensitive method for the analysis of nitroimidazoles and quinolones residues in honey.
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Quantification techniques for important environmental contaminants in milk and dairy products. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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LC-MS study of the heat degradation of veterinary antibiotics in raw milk after boiling. Food Chem 2017; 267:178-186. [PMID: 29934154 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to examine the degradation of veterinary antibiotics in milk during boiling. Raw cow milk samples were fortified with the target compounds and boiled for various short time-intervals prevailing in household practice. Antibiotic concentrations were determined by LC-MS/MS measurements. Degradation rate constants, half-lives and degradation percentages were calculated. Cefoperazone and cloxacillin proved to be the less and the most heat-stable substance, with 78.3% and 9.6% degradation in 300 s respectively. Aminoglicosides exhibited intermediate (33.8-43.6%), tetracycline (30.4%) and trimethoprim (22.6%) intermediate to high heat stability. The results demonstrate that antibiotic residues possibly present in raw milk exhibit high heat stability when treated for few seconds at around 100 °C. Keeping the milk at this temperature for at least two minutes would allow varying decrease in the amount of some compounds, but does not totally eliminate the potential risks to the consumer's health.
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Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Multiclass Method for 46 Antibiotics Residues in Milk and Meat: Development and Validation. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen L, Huang X. Sensitive Monitoring of Fluoroquinolones in Milk and Honey Using Multiple Monolithic Fiber Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:8684-8693. [PMID: 27787985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a new multiple monolithic fiber solid-phase microextraction (MMF-SPME) based on poly(apronal-co-divinylbenzene/ethylenedimethacrylate) monolith (APDE) was synthesized. The effect of the preparation parameters of APED on extraction efficiency was studied thoroughly. The combination of APDE/MMF-SPME with high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry detection (HPLC/MS-MS) was developed for sensitive monitoring of ultratrace fluoroquinolones (FQs) in foodstuffs, including milk and honey samples. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the limits of detection (S/N = 3) for the targeted FQs ranged from 0.0019 to 0.018 μg/kg in milk and 0.0010 to 0.0028 μg/kg in honey. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for method reproducibility were less than 9% in all samples. The established method was successfully applied for the monitoring of FQs residues in milk and honey samples with the recoveries between 74.5% and 116% (RSDs were in the range 0.9-9.5%). In comparison to previous methods, the developed APDE/MMF-SPME-HPLC/MS-MS showed some merits, including satisfactory sensitivity, simplicity, high cost-effectiveness, and low consumption of organic solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, China
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Guidi LR, Santos FA, Ribeiro ACSR, Fernandes C, Silva LHM, Gloria MBA. A simple, fast and sensitive screening LC-ESI-MS/MS method for antibiotics in fish. Talanta 2016; 163:85-93. [PMID: 27886775 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a fast, sensitive and simple liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method for the screening of six classes of antibiotics (aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides and tetracyclines) in fish. Samples were extracted with trichloroacetic acid. LC separation was achieved on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 column and gradient elution using 0.1% heptafluorobutyric acid in water and acetonitrile as mobile phase. Analysis was carried out in multiple reaction monitoring mode via electrospray interface operated in the positive ionization mode, with sulfaphenazole as internal standard. The method was suitable for routine screening purposes of 40 antibiotics, according to EC Guidelines for the Validation of Screening Methods for Residues of Veterinary Medicines, taking into consideration threshold value, cut-off factor, detection capability, limit of detection, sensitivity and specificity. Real fish samples (n=193) from aquaculture were analyzed and 15% were positive for enrofloxacin (quinolone), one of them at a higher concentration than the level of interest (50µgkg-1), suggesting possible contamination or illegal use of that antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Rocha Guidi
- LBqA - Laboratório de Bioquímica de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil; LAMEFI - Laboratório de Medidas Físicas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Flávio Alves Santos
- LANAGRO - Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, 33600-000 Pedro Leopoldo, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia S R Ribeiro
- LANAGRO - Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, 33600-000 Pedro Leopoldo, MG, Brazil
| | - Christian Fernandes
- LBqA - Laboratório de Bioquímica de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil; Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade de Produtos Farmacêuticos e Cosméticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luiza H M Silva
- LAMEFI - Laboratório de Medidas Físicas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz A Gloria
- LBqA - Laboratório de Bioquímica de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
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Cao L, Wu J, Li X, Zheng L, Wu M, Liu P, Huang Q. Validated HPAEC-PAD Method for the Determination of Fully Deacetylated Chitooligosaccharides. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101699. [PMID: 27735860 PMCID: PMC5085731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient and sensitive analytical method based on high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) was established for the simultaneous separation and determination of glucosamine (GlcN)₁ and chitooligosaccharides (COS) ranging from (GlcN)₂ to (GlcN)₆ without prior derivatization. Detection limits were 0.003 to 0.016 mg/L (corresponding to 0.4-0.6 pmol), and the linear range was 0.2 to 10 mg/L. The optimized analysis was carried out on a CarboPac-PA100 analytical column (4 × 250 mm) using isocratic elution with 0.2 M aqueous sodium hydroxide-water mixture (10:90, v/v) as the mobile phase at a 0.4 mL/min flow rate. Regression equations revealed a good linear relationship (R² = 0.9979-0.9995, n = 7) within the test ranges. Quality parameters, including precision and accuracy, were fully validated and found to be satisfactory. The fully validated HPAEC-PAD method was readily applied for the quantification of (GlcN)1-6 in a commercial COS technical concentrate. The established method was also used to monitor the acid hydrolysis of a COS technical concentrate to ensure optimization of reaction conditions and minimization of (GlcN)₁ degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Chemistry and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jinlong Wu
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Maizidian Street, Beijing 110000, China.
| | - Xiuhuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Chemistry and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Li Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Chemistry and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Chemistry and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Pingping Liu
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 22 Maizidian Street, Beijing 110000, China.
| | - Qiliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Chemistry and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
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