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Connolly C, Yin X, Brennan L. Impact of Lactation Stage on the Metabolite Composition of Bovine Milk. Molecules 2023; 28:6608. [PMID: 37764384 PMCID: PMC10535462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine milk is a nutrient-dense food and a major component of the human diet. Therefore, understanding the factors that impact its composition is of great importance. Applications of metabolomics provide in-depth analysis of the metabolite composition of milk. The objective of this research was to examine the impact of lactation stage on bovine milk metabolite levels. Metabolomic analysis of bovine milk powder samples across lactation (N = 18) was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Forty-one metabolites were identified and quantified in the 1H-NMR spectra. Statistical analysis revealed that 17 metabolites were significantly different across lactation stages (FDR < 0.05), of which the majority had higher levels in early lactation. In total, 491 metabolites were measured using LC-MS/MS, of which 269 had significantly different levels across lactation (FDR < 0.05). Compound classes significantly affected by lactation stage included phosphatidylcholines (59%) and triglycerides (64%), of which 100% of phosphatidylcholines and 61% of triglycerides increased from early lactation onwards. Our study demonstrates significant differences in metabolites across the stages of lactation, with early-lactation milk having a distinct metabolomic profile. More research is warranted to further explore these compositional differences to inform animal feeding practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Connolly
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland (X.Y.)
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland (X.Y.)
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland (X.Y.)
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland
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Laus F, Laghi L, Bazzano M, Cifone MG, Cinque B, Yang Y, Marchegiani A. Donkey Colostrum and Milk: How Dietary Probiotics Can Affect Metabolomic Profile, Alkaline Sphingomyelinase and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050622. [PMID: 37233663 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Positive results on animal health, feed efficiency, and milk's nutritional content have been obtained after oral administration of probiotics. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with high numbers of multispecies probiotic formulations on the milk metabolomic profiles of alkaline sphingomyelinase (alk-SMase) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in donkeys. Twenty animals were randomly allocated to receive either a normal diet (group B) or a supplemented diet (group A). Colostrum and milk samples were obtained within 48 h, at 15 days (supplementation start), and at 45 days after parturition. Different metabolomic profiles were observed between colostrum and milk, as were the concentrations of 12 metabolites that changed following 30 days of probiotic supplementation. Alk-SMase activity was found to be higher in donkey colostrum (vs. milk at 15 days); this enzyme, together with ALP, increased in milk after 30 days of probiotic supplementation. The results of the present study provide new insight into the complex changes in donkey colostrum and milk composition in the first 45 days of lactation and how the milk metabolome can be modulated by probiotic supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Laus
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy
| | - Luca Laghi
- Centre of Foodomics, Department of Agro-Food Science and Technology, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Marilena Bazzano
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cifone
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cinque
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Yaosen Yang
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy
| | - Andrea Marchegiani
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy
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Wang J, Luo W, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Harlina PW, Wang J, Geng F. Quantitative metabolome analysis of boiled chicken egg yolk. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 6:100409. [PMID: 36582447 PMCID: PMC9792406 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Boiling has important effects on the texture of chicken eggs, but its effects on egg nutrients have not been systematically investigated. In this study, changes in the metabolites of egg yolks boiled under different heating intensities were quantified and compared by metabolomic analysis. A total of 797 metabolites were identified, and the abundance of 162 metabolites changed significantly after boiling. The significant reduction of L-lysine and D-fructose suggested that Maillard reactions occurred in over-boiled egg yolks. Egg yolk endogenous enzymes might induce a partial hydrolysis of proteins and phospholipids during the warm-up period of boiling, as the abundance of dipeptides, lysophospholipids, and free fatty acids was significantly increased in boiled egg yolks. Boiling increased the detectable abundance of fat-soluble vitamins, riboflavin, and biotin, possibly by altering the complex structure of protein-lipid-lipophilic compounds or denaturing vitamin-binding proteins. The results of metabolomic analyses provide important information for understanding the nutritional changes of egg yolk boiled under different heating intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Wang
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Qionglian Zhang
- Fengji Food Group Limited Company, No. 1 Leizu Avenue, Yanting, China
| | - Putri Widyanti Harlina
- Department of Food Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Jinqiu Wang
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, China,Corresponding author.
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Vargas-Bello-Pérez E, Khushvakov J, Ye Y, Pedersen NC, Hansen HH, Ahrné L, Khakimov B. Goat Milk Foodomics. Dietary Supplementation of Sunflower Oil and Rapeseed Oil Modify Milk Amino Acid and Organic Acid Profiles in Dairy Goats. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:837229. [PMID: 35400103 PMCID: PMC8987497 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.837229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary supplementation of vegetable oils is known to improve the dietary energy density as well as milk fatty acid profile; however, the impacts on the milk foodome is largely unknown. This study investigated the effect of two different sources of unsaturated fatty acids, rapeseed oil and sunflower oil, as a feeding supplement on the milk foodome from dairy goats. Nine Danish Landrace goats at 42 ± 5 days in milk were allocated to three treatment groups for 42 days with three animals per group. A control group received a basal diet made of forage and concentrate at an 85:15 ratio. On top of the basal diet, the second and third groups received rapeseed oil or sunflower oil supplements at 4% of dry matter, respectively. Goat milk was sampled on days 14, 21, and 42. The milk foodome was measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The milk levels of 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, oxaloacetic acid, and taurine were higher in the milk from goats fed with sunflower oil compared to the control group. More glucose-1-phosphate was found in the milk from goats fed with rapeseed oil compared to the control group. Amino acids, valine and tyrosine, and 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid and oxaloacetic acid were higher in the sunflower group compared to the rapeseed group, while the milk from the rapeseed-fed goats had greater levels of ethanol and 2-oxoglutaric acid compared to the sunflower group. Thus, results show that foodomics is suitable for studying how milk chemistry changes as a function of feeding regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
| | - Jaloliddin Khushvakov
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Yongxin Ye
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Nanna Camilla Pedersen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Hanne Helene Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lilia Ahrné
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Bekzod Khakimov
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Bekzod Khakimov
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Hyuk Suh J. Critical review: metabolomics in dairy science - evaluation of milk and milk product quality. Food Res Int 2022; 154:110984. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.110984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Impact of dietary regimes across lactation on the metabolite composition of cow's buttermilk. Proc Nutr Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665122001847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Use of GC–MS and 1H NMR low-level data fusion as an advanced and comprehensive metabolomic approach to discriminate milk from dairy chains based on different types of forage. Int Dairy J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Jia W, Zhang R, Zhu Z, Shi L. LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS-based proteomics reveals potential nutritional function of goat whey fraction. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Abstract
Mobile apps play an important role in COVID-19 tracing and tracking, with different countries taking different approaches. Our study focuses on 17 government owned COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps (CTAs) and analyze them using a proposed COVIDTAS framework. User satisfaction is not directly related to the COVIDTAS score or the interaction between users and the app developers. To increase adoption of CTAs, government leadership must offer assurance to its citizens that their identify will be concealed and emphasize the benefits of CTAs as it relates to shared public health. While no country has topped the list on all three major factors (COVIDTAS Score, User Reviews, and User Ratings), the CTA from India seems to have above average performance on all three factors.
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