1
|
Jha A, Mishra S. Exploring the potential of waste biomass-derived pectin and its functionalized derivatives for water treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133613. [PMID: 38960223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution remains a constant challenge due to the indiscriminate use of fossil fuels, mining activities, chemicals, drugs, aromatic compounds, pesticides, etc. Many emerging pollutants with no fixed standards for monitoring and control are being reported. These have adverse impacts on human life and the environment around us. This alarms the wastewater management towards developing materials that can be used for bulk water treatment and are easily available, low cost, non-toxic and biodegradable. Waste biomass like pectin is extracted from fruit peels which are a discarded material. It is used in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications but its application as a material for water treatment is very limited in literature. The scientific gap in literature review reports are evident with discussion only on pectin based hydrogels or specific pectin derivatives for some applications. This review focuses on the chemistry, extraction, functionalization and production of pectin derivatives and their applications in water treatment processes. Pectin functionalized derivatives can be used as a flocculant, adsorbent, nano biopolymer, biochar, hybrid material, metal-organic frameworks, and scaffold for the removal of heavy metals, ions, toxic dyes, and other contaminants. The huge quantum of pectin biomass may be explored further to strengthen environmental sustainability and circular economy practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adya Jha
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Sumit Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maiti S, Maji B, Yadav H. Progress on green crosslinking of polysaccharide hydrogels for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 326:121584. [PMID: 38142088 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are being studied for their biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and low cost in the fabrication of various hydrogel devices. However, due to their insufficient physicochemical and mechanical qualities, polysaccharide hydrogels alone are not acceptable for biological applications. Various synthetic crosslinkers have been tested to overcome the drawbacks of standalone polysaccharide hydrogels; however, the presence of toxic residual crosslinkers, the generation of toxic by-products following biodegradation, and the requirement of toxic organic solvents for processing pose challenges in achieving the desired non-toxic biomaterials. Natural crosslinkers such as citric acid, tannic acid, vanillin, gallic acid, ferulic acid, proanthocyanidins, phytic acid, squaric acid, and epigallocatechin have been used to generate polysaccharide-based hydrogels in recent years. Various polysaccharides, including cellulose, alginate, pectin, hyaluronic acid, and chitosan, have been hydrogelized and investigated for their potential in drug delivery and tissue engineering applications using natural crosslinkers. We attempted to provide an overview of the synthesis of polysaccharide-based hydrogel systems (films, complex nanoparticles, microspheres, and porous scaffolds) based on green crosslinkers, as well as a description of the mechanism of crosslinking and properties with a special emphasis on drug delivery, and tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Maiti
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh-484887, India.
| | - Biswajit Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh 484887, India
| | - Harsh Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh-484887, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hoveidaei AH, Sadat-Shojai M, Mosalamiaghili S, Salarikia SR, Roghani-Shahraki H, Ghaderpanah R, Ersi MH, Conway JD. Nano-hydroxyapatite structures for bone regenerative medicine: Cell-material interaction. Bone 2024; 179:116956. [PMID: 37951520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering holds great promise for the regeneration of damaged or severe bone defects. However, several challenges hinder its translation into clinical practice. To address these challenges, interdisciplinary efforts and advances in biomaterials, cell biology, and bioengineering are required. In recent years, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)-based scaffolds have emerged as a promising approach for the development of bone regenerative agents. The unique similarity of nHA with minerals found in natural bones promotes remineralization and stimulates bone growth, which are crucial factors for efficient bone regeneration. Moreover, nHA exhibits desirable properties, such as strong chemical interactions with bone and facilitation of tissue growth, without inducing inflammation or toxicity. It also promotes osteoblast survival, adhesion, and proliferation, as well as increasing alkaline phosphatase activity, osteogenic differentiation, and bone-specific gene expression. However, it is important to note that the effect of nHA on osteoblast behavior is dose-dependent, with cytotoxic effects observed at higher doses. Additionally, the particle size of nHA plays a crucial role, with smaller particles having a more significant impact. Therefore, in this review, we highlighted the potential of nHA for improving bone regeneration processes and summarized the available data on bone cell response to nHA-based scaffolds. In addition, an attempt is made to portray the current status of bone tissue engineering using nHA/polymer hybrids and some recent scientific research in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Human Hoveidaei
- International Center for Limb Lengthening, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mehdi Sadat-Shojai
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyedarad Mosalamiaghili
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Rezvan Ghaderpanah
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hamed Ersi
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran; Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Janet D Conway
- International Center for Limb Lengthening, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Koshy J, Sangeetha D. Recent progress and treatment strategy of pectin polysaccharide based tissue engineering scaffolds in cancer therapy, wound healing and cartilage regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128594. [PMID: 38056744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural polymers and its mixtures in the form of films, sponges and hydrogels are playing a major role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels have been extensively investigated as standalone materials for drug delivery purposes as they enable effective encapsulation and sustained release of drugs. Biopolymers are widely utilised in the fabrication of hydrogels due to their safety, biocompatibility, low toxicity, and regulated breakdown by human enzymes. Among all the biopolymers, polysaccharide-based polymer is well suited to overcome the limitations of traditional wound dressing materials. Pectin is a polysaccharide which can be extracted from different plant sources and is used in various pharmaceutical and biomedical applications including cartilage regeneration. Pectin itself cannot be employed as scaffolds for tissue engineering since it decomposes quickly. This article discusses recent research and developments on pectin polysaccharide, including its types, origins, applications, and potential demands for use in AI-mediated scaffolds. It also covers the materials-design process, strategy for implementation to material selection and fabrication methods for evaluation. Finally, we discuss unmet requirements and current obstacles in the development of optimal materials for wound healing and bone-tissue regeneration, as well as emerging strategies in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jijo Koshy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Sangeetha
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alsharbaty MHM, Naji GA, Ali SS. Exploring the potential of a newly developed pectin-chitosan polyelectrolyte composite on the surface of commercially pure titanium for dental implants. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22203. [PMID: 38097618 PMCID: PMC10721624 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectin and chitosan are natural polysaccharides obtained from fruit peels and exoskeletons of crustaceans and insects. They are safe for usage in food products and are renewable and biocompatible. They have further applications as wound dressings, body fat reduction, tissue engineering, and auxiliary agents in drug delivery systems. The healing process is usually long and painful. Adding a new material such as a pectin-chitosan composite to the implant surface or body would create unique biological responses to accelerate healing and delivery of target-specific medication at the implant site. The present study utilized the electrospraying process to create pectin-chitosan polyelectrolyte composite (PCPC) coatings with various ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 3:1 on commercially pure titanium substrates. By means of FESEM, AFM, wettability, cross-cut adhesion, and microhardness were assessed the PCPC coatings' physical and mechanical properties. Subsequently, the antibacterial properties of the coating composite were assessed. AFM analysis revealed higher surface roughness for group 5 and homogenous coating for group 1. Group 3 showed the lowest water contact angle of 66.7° and all PCPC coatings had significantly higher Vickers hardness values compared to the control uncoated CpTi samples. Groups 3 and 4 showed the best adhesion of the PCPC to the titanium substrates. Groups 3, 4, and 5 showed antibacterial properties with a high zone of inhibitions compared to the control. The PCPC coating's characteristics can be significantly impacted by using certain pectin-chitosan ratios. Groups 3 (1:2) and 4 (1:3) showed remarkable morphological and mechanical properties with better surface roughness, greater surface strength, improved hydrophilicity, improved adhesion to the substrate surface, and additionally demonstrated significant antibacterial properties. According to the accomplished in vitro study outcomes, these particular PCPC ratios can be considered as an efficient coating for titanium dental implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Husssein M Alsharbaty
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
- Branch of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
| | - Ghassan A Naji
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
- College of Dentistry, The Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sameh S Ali
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sultana N. Biological Properties and Biomedical Applications of Pectin and Pectin-Based Composites: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:7974. [PMID: 38138464 PMCID: PMC10745545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28247974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectin has recently drawn much attention in biomedical applications due to its distinctive chemical and biological properties. Polymers like pectin with cell-instructive properties are attractive natural biomaterials for tissue repair and regeneration. In addition, bioactive pectin and pectin-based composites exhibit improved characteristics to deliver active molecules. Pectin and pectin-based composites serve as interactive matrices or scaffolds by stimulating cell adhesion and cell proliferation and enhancing tissue remodeling by forming an extracellular matrix in vivo. Several bioactive properties, such as immunoregulatory, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antioxidant activities, contribute to the pectin's and pectin-based composite's enhanced applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery systems. Tissue engineering scaffolds containing pectin and pectin-based conjugates or composites demonstrate essential features such as nontoxicity, tunable mechanical properties, biodegradability, and suitable surface properties. The design and fabrication of pectic composites are versatile for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. This article reviews the promising characteristics of pectin or pectic polysaccharides and pectin-based composites and highlights their potential biomedical applications, focusing on drug delivery and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naznin Sultana
- Texas Undergraduate Medical Academy, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bento CSA, Carrelo H, Alarico S, Empadinhas N, de Sousa HC, Teresa Cidade M, Braga MEM. Effect of ScCO 2 on the decontamination of PECs-based cryogels: A comparison with H 2O steam and H 2O 2 nebulization methods. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123451. [PMID: 37774759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers present ideal properties to be used in wound dressing solutions. By mixing two oppositely charged macromolecules it is possible to form polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based cryogels using lyophilization. Their application in the biomedical field is limited due to their sterilization requirements, as conventional methods compromise their physicochemical properties. ScCO2 appears as an alternative method for decontamination. This work assessed several cryogel PEC formulations, chitosan-pectin, gelatine-xanthan gum and alginate-gelatine. PEC formation was confirmed by FTIR and rheological analysis. While steam sterilization compromised cryogels' chemical and morphological properties, decontamination with scCO2 proved to be a promising method for decontamination of PEC-cryogels, because, similarly to what is observed with hydrogen peroxide, it does not compromise their physicochemical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana S A Bento
- Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Carrelo
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Susana Alarico
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC) and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine, Polo I, 1st floor, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão - Pólo II, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Empadinhas
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC) and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine, Polo I, 1st floor, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão - Pólo II, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hermínio C de Sousa
- Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cidade
- i3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mara E M Braga
- Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Acharya R, Dutta SD, Patil TV, Ganguly K, Randhawa A, Lim KT. A Review on Electroactive Polymer-Metal Composites: Development and Applications for Tissue Regeneration. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:523. [PMID: 37888188 PMCID: PMC10607043 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroactive polymer-metal composites (EAPMCs) have gained significant attention in tissue engineering owing to their exceptional mechanical and electrical properties. EAPMCs develop by combining an electroactive polymer matrix and a conductive metal. The design considerations include choosing an appropriate metal that provides mechanical strength and electrical conductivity and selecting an electroactive polymer that displays biocompatibility and electrical responsiveness. Interface engineering and surface modification techniques are also crucial for enhancing the adhesion and biocompatibility of composites. The potential of EAPMC-based tissue engineering revolves around its ability to promote cellular responses, such as cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, through electrical stimulation. The electrical properties of these composites can be used to mimic natural electrical signals within tissues and organs, thereby aiding tissue regeneration. Furthermore, the mechanical characteristics of the metallic components provide structural reinforcement and can be modified to align with the distinct demands of various tissues. EAPMCs have extraordinary potential as regenerative biomaterials owing to their ability to promote beneficial effects in numerous electrically responsive cells. This study emphasizes the characteristics and applications of EAPMCs in tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rumi Acharya
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tejal V. Patil
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Aayushi Randhawa
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Joy S, Thomas NG. Gymnemic acid-conjugated gelatin scaffold for enhanced bone regeneration: A novel insight to tissue engineering. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:1652-1662. [PMID: 36942931 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering deals with the design of bone scaffolds. The selection of porous scaffold for osteoblast attachment and suppression of microbial infections are the major challenges that were addressed by designing gelatin scaffolds conjugated with gymnemic acid. Gelatin scaffold was prepared by loading gymnemic acid and morphological characterization, porosity, water absorption behavior, and biocompatibility of the scaffold were studied. The scaffold was introduced to the rat calvarial bone defect (BD) and analyzed the serum C reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase activity, and histology for 1 month to study the reconstruction. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used as sham operated control, animal with BD, and animal with BD which was implanted with scaffold (BDMB). The scanning electron micrograph revealed porous nature of scaffold. There was no significant difference in water absorption ability of scaffold. The C reactive protein was not observed in the serum collected on the 5th day postsurgery, supported the biocompatibility. The alkaline phosphatase activity in BDMB was increased when compared with BD on 15th and 20th day and then decreased. New bone tissue formation was detected with hematoxylin-eosin staining. The scaffold is effective in enhancing bone regeneration, which will have therapeutic significance in orthopedics and dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Joy
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nebu George Thomas
- Department of Periodontics, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Tiruvalla, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dai Y, Qiao K, Li D, Isingizwe P, Liu H, Liu Y, Lim K, Woodfield T, Liu G, Hu J, Yuan J, Tang J, Cui X. Plant-Derived Biomaterials and Their Potential in Cardiac Tissue Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202827. [PMID: 36977522 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The inability of cardiac tissue to regenerate after an infarction results in scar tissue formation, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, cardiac repair has always been a popular research topic. Recent advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine offer promising solutions combining stem cells and biomaterials to construct tissue substitutes that could have functions similar to healthy cardiac tissue. Among these biomaterials, plant-derived biomaterials show great promise in supporting cell growth due to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical stability. More importantly, plant-derived materials have reduced immunogenic properties compared to popular animal-derived materials (e.g., collagen and gelatin). In addition, they also offer improved wettability compared to synthetic materials. To date, limited literature is available to systemically summarize the progression of plant-derived biomaterials in cardiac tissue repair. Herein, this paper highlights the most common plant-derived biomaterials from both land and marine plants. The beneficial properties of these materials for tissue repair are further discussed. More importantly, the applications of plant-derived biomaterials in cardiac tissue engineering, including tissue-engineered scaffolds, bioink in 3D biofabrication, delivery vehicles, and bioactive molecules, are also summarized using the latest preclinical and clinical examples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Dai
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Kai Qiao
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Demin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Phocas Isingizwe
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Haohao Liu
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Khoon Lim
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tim Woodfield
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Jinming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230052, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518001, China
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Raghav N, Vashisth C, Mor N, Arya P, Sharma MR, Kaur R, Bhatti SP, Kennedy JF. Recent advances in cellulose, pectin, carrageenan and alginate-based oral drug delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125357. [PMID: 37327920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polymers-based drug delivery systems constitute one of the highly explored thrust areas in the field of the medicinal and pharmaceutical industries. In the past years, the properties of polymers have been modified in context to their solubility, release kinetics, targeted action site, absorption, and therapeutic efficacy. Despite the availability of diverse synthetic polymers for the bioavailability enhancement of drugs, the use of natural polymers is still highly recommended due to their easy availability, accessibility, and non-toxicity. The aim of the review is to provide the available literature of the last five years on oral drug delivery systems based on four natural polymers i.e., cellulose, pectin, carrageenan, and alginate in a concise and tabulated manner. In this review, most of the information is in tabulated form to provide easy accessibility to the reader. The data related to active pharmaceutical ingredients and supported components in different formulations of the mentioned polymers have been made available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neera Raghav
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
| | - Chanchal Vashisth
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Nitika Mor
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Priyanka Arya
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Manishita R Sharma
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Ravinder Kaur
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | | | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech laboratories Ltd, Tenbury Wells, WR15 8FF, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
da Paz Leôncio Alves S, Jacob ITT, Arruda MDM, da Silva AR, de Sousa GF, de Souza GA, de Lima MDCA, de Souza IA, de Melo CML, da Cruz Filho IJ, do Nascimento Santos DKD. Pectin-like polysaccharide extracted from leaves Crataeva tapia promotes antioxidant, immunomodulatory and emulsifiers applied in therapeutic formulations. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:114. [PMID: 36909979 PMCID: PMC9998804 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to isolate a polysaccharide similar to pectin from Crataeva tapia leaves, not yet reported in the literature, and to evaluate its antioxidant, cytotoxic and immunomodulatory profile. Pectin was extracted from the leaves in three stages, organic solvent followed by acidified water and ethanol precipitation. With the pectin obtained, the physicochemical characterization of the molecule was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (13C and 1H) and different thermal and elemental analysis. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities were evaluated in vitro, and using human peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture, cytotoxicity and immunostimulatory actions were investigated. Physical and chemical analyses showed characteristic signs of pectin. Antioxidant activity tests showed that pectin had moderate to low antioxidant activity. Furthermore, pectin did not affect the viability of erythrocytes and PBMC and induced an immunostimulatory state when it promoted the production of cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α and increased the activation of CD8 + T lymphocytes. This study showed that pectin from Crataeva tapia is not cytotoxic and promoted a pro-inflammatory profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cell with application as an immunostimulating and emulsifying compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone da Paz Leôncio Alves
- Department of Antibiotics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50.670-420 Brazil
| | - Iris Trindade Tenório Jacob
- Department of Antibiotics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50.670-420 Brazil
| | | | - Abdênego Rodrigues da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50.670-420 Brazil
| | - Georon Ferreira de Sousa
- Department of Antibiotics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50.670-420 Brazil
| | - Guilherme Antônio de Souza
- Department of Antibiotics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50.670-420 Brazil
| | | | - Ivone Antônia de Souza
- Department of Antibiotics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50.670-420 Brazil
| | | | - Iranildo José da Cruz Filho
- Department of Antibiotics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50.670-420 Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xie C, Huang M, Ying R, Wu X, Hayat K, Shaughnessy LK, Tan C. Olive pectin-chitosan nanocomplexes for improving stability and bioavailability of blueberry anthocyanins. Food Chem 2023; 417:135798. [PMID: 36924718 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Blueberry anthocyanins (ANCs) are natural dietary bioactive colorants, but are unstable and easily degraded. To improve their stability, we constructed the nanocarriers for ANCs through an electrostatic self-assembly method, using chitosan (CS) and olive pectin (PC). Results showed that the CS-ANCs-PC nanocomplexes had nanoscale particle size (81.22 ± 0.44 nm), and an encapsulation efficiency of 91.97 ± 0.33% at pH 3.0, 1:1:5 ratio (m/v) of CS: ANCs: PC. Fourier transform infrared and UV-visible spectra demonstrated that ANCs can be embedded into the CS-PC carrier through electrostatic interaction. CS-ANCs-PC with stacked spherical particle structure had good thermal stability by scanning electron microscope and thermogravimetric analysis. Compared with free anthocyanins, CS-ANCs-PC possessed better DPPH· and ·OH scavenging activities, stronger environmental stability, and better targeted release in vitro digestion. This study may provide an important fundamental basis for improving the stability of anthocyanins in the blueberry industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenjing Xie
- College of Food Sciences and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meigui Huang
- College of Food Sciences and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ruifeng Ying
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Khizar Hayat
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Lily K Shaughnessy
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Chen Tan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu J, Li Y, Yang J, Zhou S, Situ W. Plasma etching effect on the molecular structure of chitosan-based hydrogels and its biological properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123257. [PMID: 36646344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
To reasonably use hydrogels in healthcare field, this study four kinds of chitosan (CTS)-based hydrogels with different molecular structures. With plasma etching, the morphology, chemical groups' proportion, and hydrophilicity of the hydrogel surface were changed. At 40 min of modification, the ratios of CO and NH2 on the CTS40-based hydrogel surface increased and reached their maximum values of 40.31 % and 89.17 %, respectively. Combined with the changes in hydrophilic chemical groups and the hydrogel's network structure, the hydrogel surface's wettability changed after plasma etching. From the results, CTS40-based hydrogel showed the lowest contact angle (77.40 ± 3.89°) with 80 min modification due to its dense network structure of CTS and appropriate ratio of hydrophilic groups on the surface. With these molecular structural changes, the antibacterial properties of CTS-based hydrogels against Staphylococcus aureus were improved. Moreover, the functional components delivery system coating with these CTS-based hydrogels showed colon-site controlled-release property. The hydrogels also facilitated the growth of Caco2 and Hic cells, which had 72.74 %-453.27 % cell viability of Caco2 cells on the surface. Therefore, the antibacterial property and biocompatibility of plasma modified CTS-based hydrogels have been demonstrated. The mechanism between molecular structure changes of CTS with plasma etching and its properties was discussed, which would provide a promising carrier material for utilizing healthcare field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juncong Xu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yaoyuan Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Subin Zhou
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenbei Situ
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Solomevich SO, Aharodnikau UE, Dmitruk EI, Nikishau PA, Bychkovsky PM, Salamevich DA, Jiang G, Pavlov KI, Sun Y, Yurkshtovich TL. Chitosan - dextran phosphate carbamate hydrogels for locally controlled co-delivery of doxorubicin and indomethacin: From computation study to in vivo pharmacokinetics. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 228:273-285. [PMID: 36581023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of synergistic drug combinations is a promising strategy for effective cancer suppression. Here, we report all-polysaccharide biodegradable polyelectrolyte complex hydrogels (DPCS) based on dextran phosphate carbamate (DP) and chitosan (CS) for controlled co-delivery of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (IND). IND can induce more apoptosis in tumor cells by reducing the level of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1. Based on calculations using density functional theory and zeta potential analysis data, carriers with high drug loading were obtained. The release profile of both drugs from the hydrogels was tuned by changing the molecular weight and functional groups content of the polysaccharides. The optimized DPCS showed a steady release of DOX both in vitro and in vivo, and a gradual release of IND, which constantly induced the action of DOX. Considering all of these benefits, DOX- and IND-loaded DPCS offer a promising long-acting polysaccharide-based antitumor platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey O Solomevich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk 220006, Belarus.
| | - Uladzislau E Aharodnikau
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk 220006, Belarus; Educational-Scientific-Production Republican Unitary Enterprise "UNITEHPROM BSU", Minsk 220045, Belarus
| | - Egor I Dmitruk
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk 220006, Belarus; Educational-Scientific-Production Republican Unitary Enterprise "UNITEHPROM BSU", Minsk 220045, Belarus
| | - Pavel A Nikishau
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk 220006, Belarus; Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, Minsk 220006, Belarus
| | - Pavel M Bychkovsky
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk 220006, Belarus; Educational-Scientific-Production Republican Unitary Enterprise "UNITEHPROM BSU", Minsk 220045, Belarus
| | | | - Guohua Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | | | - Yanfang Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Tatiana L Yurkshtovich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk 220006, Belarus
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chitosan and Pectin Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering and In Vitro Modeling. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020132. [PMID: 36826302 PMCID: PMC9957157 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are fascinating biomaterials that can act as a support for cells, i.e., a scaffold, in which they can organize themselves spatially in a similar way to what occurs in vivo. Hydrogel use is therefore essential for the development of 3D systems and allows to recreate the cellular microenvironment in physiological and pathological conditions. This makes them ideal candidates for biological tissue analogues for application in the field of both tissue engineering and 3D in vitro models, as they have the ability to closely mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) of a specific organ or tissue. Polysaccharide-based hydrogels, because of their remarkable biocompatibility related to their polymeric constituents, have the ability to interact beneficially with the cellular components. Although the growing interest in the use of polysaccharide-based hydrogels in the biomedical field is evidenced by a conspicuous number of reviews on the topic, none of them have focused on the combined use of two important polysaccharides, chitosan and pectin. Therefore, the present review will discuss the biomedical applications of polysaccharide-based hydrogels containing the two aforementioned natural polymers, chitosan and pectin, in the fields of tissue engineering and 3D in vitro modeling.
Collapse
|
17
|
Su C, Chen Y, Tian S, Lu C, Lv Q. Natural Materials for 3D Printing and Their Applications. Gels 2022; 8:748. [PMID: 36421570 PMCID: PMC9689506 DOI: 10.3390/gels8110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, 3D printing has gradually become a well-known new topic and a research hotspot. At the same time, the advent of 3D printing is inseparable from the preparation of bio-ink. Natural materials have the advantages of low toxicity or even non-toxicity, there being abundant raw materials, easy processing and modification, excellent mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and high cell activity, making them very suitable for the preparation of bio-ink. With the help of 3D printing technology, the prepared materials and scaffolds can be widely used in tissue engineering and other fields. Firstly, we introduce the natural materials and their properties for 3D printing and summarize the physical and chemical properties of these natural materials and their applications in tissue engineering after modification. Secondly, we discuss the modification methods used for 3D printing materials, including physical, chemical, and protein self-assembly methods. We also discuss the method of 3D printing. Then, we summarize the application of natural materials for 3D printing in tissue engineering, skin tissue, cartilage tissue, bone tissue, and vascular tissue. Finally, we also express some views on the research and application of these natural materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Su
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Shujing Tian
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Chunxiu Lu
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Qizhuang Lv
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yulin 537000, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bostancı NS, Büyüksungur S, Hasirci N, Tezcaner A. Potential of pectin for biomedical applications: a comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1866-1900. [PMID: 35699216 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2088525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pectin is a polysaccharide extracted from various plants, such as apples, oranges, lemons, and it possesses some beneficial effects on human health, including being hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic. Therefore, pectin is used in various pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Meanwhile, its low mechanical strength and fast degradation rate limit its usage as drug delivery devices and tissue engineering scaffolds. To enhance these properties, it can be modified or combined with other organic molecules or polymers and/or inorganic compounds. These materials can be prepared as nano sized drug carriers in the form of spheres, capsules, hydrogels, self assamled micelles, etc., for treatment purposes (mostly cancer). Different composites or blends of pectin can also be produced as membranes, sponges, hydrogels, or 3D printed matrices for tissue regeneration applications. This review is concentrated on the properties of pectin based materials and focus especially on the utilization of these materials as drug carriers and tissue engineering scaffolds, including 3D printed and 3D bioprinted systems covering the studies in the last decade and especially in the last 5 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazlı Seray Bostancı
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Senem Büyüksungur
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, METU BIOMATEN, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Hasirci
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, METU BIOMATEN, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, METU, Ankara, Turkey
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterial Research Center, Near East University, (NEU), Lefkosa, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, METU BIOMATEN, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Engineering Sciences, METU, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Structural, functional and physicochemical properties of pectin from grape pomace as affected by different extraction techniques. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:739-753. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
20
|
Su C, Chen Y, Tian S, Lu C, Lv Q. Research Progress on Emerging Polysaccharide Materials Applied in Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163268. [PMID: 36015525 PMCID: PMC9413976 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and application of polysaccharide materials are popular areas of research. Emerging polysaccharide materials have been widely used in tissue engineering fields such as in skin trauma, bone defects, cartilage repair and arthritis due to their stability, good biocompatibility and reproducibility. This paper reviewed the recent progress of the application of polysaccharide materials in tissue engineering. Firstly, we introduced polysaccharide materials and their derivatives and summarized the physicochemical properties of polysaccharide materials and their application in tissue engineering after modification. Secondly, we introduced the processing methods of polysaccharide materials, including the processing of polysaccharides into amorphous hydrogels, microspheres and membranes. Then, we summarized the application of polysaccharide materials in tissue engineering. Finally, some views on the research and application of polysaccharide materials are presented. The purpose of this review was to summarize the current research progress on polysaccharide materials with special attention paid to the application of polysaccharide materials in tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Su
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Shujing Tian
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Chunxiu Lu
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Qizhuang Lv
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yulin 537000, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Newly crosslinked chitosan- and chitosan-pectin-based hydrogels with high antioxidant and potential anticancer activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 290:119486. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
22
|
Microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from grape pomace. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12722. [PMID: 35882905 PMCID: PMC9325980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of microwave technique for the pectin extraction from grape pomace (Fetească Neagră and Rară Neagră), its influence on yield, galacturonic acid content, degree of esterification and molecular weight of pectin were analyzed. The optimal conditions of the extraction process were microwave power of 560 W, pH of 1.8 for 120 s. The pectin samples extracted by MAE in optimal conditions were analyzed by comparing with commercial apple and citrus pectin based on FT-IR analysis, thermal behavior, rheological characteristics and microstructure. The FT-IR analysis established the presence of different functional groups which are attributed to the finger print region of extracted pectin, while the rheological behavior presented a good viscoelasticity of pectin solutions. The obtained data assumes that grape pomace has a great potential to be a valuable source of pectin which can be extracted by simple and quick techniques, while maintaining analogous quality to conventional sources of pectin.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang J, He W, Tan WS, Cai H. The chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose/montmorillonite scaffolds incorporated with epigallocatechin-3-gallate-loaded chitosan microspheres for promoting osteogenesis of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:36. [PMID: 38647806 PMCID: PMC10991275 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a plant-derived flavonoid compound with the ability to promote the differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts. However, the effect of EGCG on the osteogenic differentiation of the human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) is rarely studied. Therefore, in this study, the osteogenic effects of EGCG are studied in the HUMSCs by detecting cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition and the expression of relevant osteogenic markers. The results showed that EGCG can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of the HUMSCs in vitro at a concentration of 2.5-5.0 μM. Unfortunately, the EGCG is easily metabolized by cells during cell culture, which reduces its bioavailability. Therefore, in this paper, EGCG-loaded microspheres (ECM) were prepared and embedded in chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose/montmorillonite (CS/CMC/MMT) scaffolds to form CS/CMC/MMT-ECM scaffolds for improving the bioavailability of EGCG. The HUMSCs were cultured on CS/CMC/MMT-ECM scaffolds to induce osteogenic differentiation. The results showed that the CS/CMC/MMT-ECM scaffold continuously released EGCG for up to 22 days. In addition, CS/CMC/MMT-ECM scaffolds can promote osteoblast differentiation. Taken together, the present study suggested that entrainment of ECM into CS/CMC/MMT scaffolds was a prospective scheme for promotion osteogenic differentiation of the HUMSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Wubo He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Song Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zia I, Jolly R, Mirza S, Rehman A, Shakir M. Nanocomposite Materials Developed from Nano‐hydroxyapatite Impregnated Chitosan/κ‐Carrageenan for Bone Tissue Engineering. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iram Zia
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Reshma Jolly
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Sumbul Mirza
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Abdur Rehman
- Department of Zoology Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
| | - Mohammad Shakir
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fabrication of an Immobilized Polyelectrolite Complex (PEC) Membrane from Pectin-Chitosan and Chromoionophore ETH 5294 for pH-Based Fish Freshness Monitoring. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Considering the significance of its demand around the world, the accurate determination of fish freshness with a simple and rapid procedure has become an interesting issue for the fishing industry. Hence, we aimed to fabricate a new optical pH sensor based on a polyelectrolyte (PEC) membrane of pectin–chitosan and the active material chromoionophore ETH 5294. A trial-and-error investigation of the polymer compositions revealed that the optimum ratio of pectin to chitosan was 3:7. With an optimum wavelength region (λ) at 610 nm, the constructed sensor was capable of stable responses after 5 min exposure to phosphate-buffered solution. Furthermore, the obtained sensor achieved optimum sensitivity when the PBS concentration was 0.1 M, while the relative standard deviation values ranged from 2.07 to 2.34%, suggesting good reproducibility. Further investigation revealed that the sensor experienced decreased absorbance of 16.67–18.68% after 25 days of storage. Employing the optimum conditions stated previously, the sensor was tested to monitor fish freshness in samples that were stored at 4 °C and ambient temperature. The results suggested that the newly fabricated optical sensor could measure pH changes on fish skin after 25 h storage at room temperature (pH 6.37, 8.91 and 11.02, respectively) and 4 °C (pH 6.8, 7.31 and 7.92, respectively).
Collapse
|
26
|
Kulikouskaya VI, Chyshankou IG. Fabrication of Microstructured Polylactide Films by Templating Techniques. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-021-09699-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
27
|
Soubhagya AS, Balagangadharan K, Selvamurugan N, Sathya Seeli D, Prabaharan M. Preparation and characterization of chitosan/carboxymethyl pullulan/bioglass composite films for wound healing. J Biomater Appl 2021; 36:1151-1163. [PMID: 34689631 DOI: 10.1177/08853282211050161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Wound dressings play a vital role in the wound healing process. Although a variety of wound dressings have been developed so far, most of them still have many drawbacks such as rigidity, non-porosity, low mechanical strength, an affinity to stick onto the injury surface and less antimicrobial activity. To overcome these issues, a novel type of porous three-dimensional (3D) film was fabricated using chitosan/carboxymethyl pullulan polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) loaded with 45S5 bioglass (CCMPBG) by the freeze-drying method for wound healing application. The developed films were analysed by FTIR, XRD, EDS and SEM to confirm their chemical nature, microstructure and surface morphologies. The CCMPBG films exhibited rough surface morphology and well-interconnected micropores with an average size range of 101-74 μm. Compared to the control chitosan/carboxymethyl pullulan (CCMP) film, the CCMPBG films showed an enhanced mechanical strength and controlled rate of swelling and biodegradation behaviours due to the interaction of polymer matrix and 45S5 bioglass (BG). Furthermore, CCMPBG films presented the improved biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity and wound closure ability because of the synergistic effects of chitosan, carboxymethyl pullulan (CMP) and BG. The results demonstrated that CCMPBG films can be an effective dressing material for wound therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Soubhagya
- Department of Chemistry, 154113Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai, India
| | - K Balagangadharan
- Department of Biotechnology, 93104SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, 93104SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, India
| | - D Sathya Seeli
- Department of Chemistry, 154113Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai, India
| | - M Prabaharan
- Department of Chemistry, 154113Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Millan-Linares MC, Montserrat-de la Paz S, Martin ME. Pectins and Olive Pectins: From Biotechnology to Human Health. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090860. [PMID: 34571737 PMCID: PMC8470263 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Pectins comprise complex polysaccharides rich in galacturonic acid, that exert many functions in higher plants as components of the cell walls, together with cellulose or lignin. The food industry has traditionally used pectins as an additive due to their gelling or thickening properties. Pharmaceutical research is also taking advantage of pectin bioactivity, providing evidence of the role of these polysaccharides as health promoters. Fruits and vegetables are natural sources of pectins that can be obtained as by-products during food or beverage production. In line with this, the aim of our study is gathering data on the current methods to extract pectins from fruit or vegetable wastes, optimizing yield and environmentally friendly protocols. Updated information about pectin applications in food or non-food industries are provided. We also point to olives as novel source of pectins that strengthen the evidence that this fruit is as remarkably healthy part of the Mediterranean diet. This work exhibits the need to explore natural bioactive components of our daily intake to improve our health, or prevent or treat chronical diseases present in our society. Abstract Pectins are a component of the complex heteropolysaccharide mixture present in the cell wall of higher plants. Structurally, the pectin backbone includes galacturonic acid to which neutral sugars are attached, resulting in functional regions in which the esterification of residues is crucial. Pectins influence many physiological processes in plants and are used industrially for both food and non-food applications. Pectin-based compounds are also a promising natural source of health-beneficial bioactive molecules. The properties of pectins have generated interest in the extraction of these polysaccharides from natural sources using environmentally friendly protocols that maintain the native pectin structure. Many fruit by-products are sources of pectins; however, owing to the wide range of applications in various fields, novel plants are now being explored as potential sources. Olives, the fruit of the olive tree, are consumed as part of the healthy Mediterranean diet or processed into olive oil. Pectins from olives have recently emerged as promising compounds with health-beneficial effects. This review details the current knowledge on the structure of pectins and describes the conventional and novel techniques of pectin extraction. The versatile properties of pectins, which make them promising bioactive compounds for industry and health promotion, are also considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Millan-Linares
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC. Ctra. de Utrera Km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-955421051
| | - Maria E. Martin
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sivashankari PR, Krishna Kumar K, Devendiran M, Prabaharan M. Graphene oxide-reinforced pectin/chitosan polyelectrolyte complex scaffolds. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:2246-2266. [PMID: 34347566 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1963931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds based on graphene oxide (GO) incorporated pectin/chitosan polyelectrolyte complex (PCGO) were prepared by the freeze-drying technique. The chemical composition and microstructure of the prepared PCGO scaffolds were studied by FTIR and XRD analysis. The presence of GO and its uniform distribution within the polymer matrix was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and confocal Raman mapping analysis, respectively. TGA analysis revealed that the addition of GO improves the thermal stability of the pectin/chitosan complex. SEM analysis confirmed the uniform pore distribution of PCGO scaffolds. Moreover, it showed that the pore size of the scaffolds was decreased with the increase in GO content. Among the developed PCGO scaffolds, the scaffolds with 1 wt.% of GO presented the improved hydrophilicity by exhibiting the water swelling degree of 2004%, water retention capacity of 1101% and water contact angle (WCA) of 21°. In addition, these scaffolds presented better compressive strength (∼283 kPa) and resistance towards lysozyme-mediated degradation. The PCGO scaffolds presented an acceptable level of bio-and hemocompatibility and GO concentration-dependent cell attachment ability. These results demonstrate the suitability of PCGO scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P R Sivashankari
- Department of Chemistry, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, India
| | - K Krishna Kumar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Science, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - M Devendiran
- Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India
| | - M Prabaharan
- Department of Chemistry, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Morello G, Polini A, Scalera F, Rizzo R, Gigli G, Gervaso F. Preparation and Characterization of Salt-Mediated Injectable Thermosensitive Chitosan/Pectin Hydrogels for Cell Embedding and Culturing. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2674. [PMID: 34451215 PMCID: PMC8398595 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, growing attention has been directed to the development of 3D in vitro tissue models for the study of the physiopathological mechanisms behind organ functioning and diseases. Hydrogels, acting as 3D supporting architectures, allow cells to organize spatially more closely to what they physiologically experience in vivo. In this scenario, natural polymer hybrid hydrogels display marked biocompatibility and versatility, representing valid biomaterials for 3D in vitro studies. Here, thermosensitive injectable hydrogels constituted by chitosan and pectin were designed. We exploited the feature of chitosan to thermally undergo sol-gel transition upon the addition of salts, forming a compound that incorporates pectin into a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN). Three salt solutions were tested, namely, beta-glycerophosphate (βGP), phosphate buffer (PB) and sodium hydrogen carbonate (SHC). The hydrogel formulations (i) were injectable at room temperature, (ii) gelled at 37 °C and (iii) presented a physiological pH, suitable for cell encapsulation. Hydrogels were stable in culture conditions, were able to retain a high water amount and displayed an open and highly interconnected porosity and suitable mechanical properties, with Young's modulus values in the range of soft biological tissues. The developed chitosan/pectin system can be successfully used as a 3D in vitro platform for studying tissue physiopathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Morello
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, University of Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (G.M.); (G.G.)
- CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Alessandro Polini
- CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Francesca Scalera
- CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, University of Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (G.M.); (G.G.)
- CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Francesca Gervaso
- CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.S.); (R.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cazorla-Luna R, Martín-Illana A, Notario-Pérez F, Ruiz-Caro R, Veiga MD. Naturally Occurring Polyelectrolytes and Their Use for the Development of Complex-Based Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery Systems: An Overview. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2241. [PMID: 34301004 PMCID: PMC8309414 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers have several advantages for the development of drug delivery systems, since they are biocompatible, biodegradable and easy to obtain from renewable resources. However, their most notable advantage may be their ability to adhere to biological tissues. Many of these biopolymers have ionized forms, known as polyelectrolytes. When combined, polyelectrolytes with opposite charges spontaneously form polyelectrolyte complexes or multilayers, which have great functional versatility. Although only one natural polycation-chitosan has been widely explored until now, it has been combined with many natural polyanions such as pectin, alginate and xanthan gum, among others. These polyelectrolyte complexes have been used to develop multiple mucoadhesive dosage forms such as hydrogels, tablets, microparticles, and films, which have demonstrated extraordinary potential to administer drugs by the ocular, nasal, buccal, oral, and vaginal routes, improving both local and systemic treatments. The advantages observed for these formulations include the increased bioavailability or residence time of the formulation in the administration zone, and the avoidance of invasive administration routes, leading to greater therapeutic compliance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - María-Dolores Veiga
- Departamento de Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-L.); (A.M.-I.); (F.N.-P.); (R.R.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hancerliogullari D, Erdemir A, Kisa U. The effect of different irrigation solutions and activation techniques on the expression of growth factors from dentine of extracted premolar teeth. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1915-1924. [PMID: 34115394 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate in a laboratory study, the effect of different canal irrigant solutions and activation techniques on transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) release levels from the dentine of extracted premolar teeth. METHODOLOGY Seventy premolar teeth with single root and canal were used. The lengths of the root segments were standardized to 12 mm, and the root canals were prepared up to size 100 with hand files. All surfaces of the teeth were covered with nail polish except the inner root canal surface. The root canals were irrigated with 1.5% NaOCl. Ten teeth were allocated to the control group. The remaining sixty teeth were divided into 2 main groups according to the chelating agent used (17% EDTA, 10% Citric acid; CA) and 3 subgroups (n = 10) according to irrigation activation technique (conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and Er:YAG laser activation). After the activation procedure, the root segments were placed into eppendorf tubes containing 1 mL of phosphate-buffered saline solution and kept at 37℃. TGF-β1, IGF-1, BMP-7 and VEGF-A release levels from dentine were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method at 24 h and at day 7. The volume of root canals was calculated using cone-beam computed tomography. The growth factor levels were calculated in ng/mL except VEGF-A (pg/ml). Normality analysis of the data was evaluated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney-U and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS Regardless of the activation type and sampling time, EDTA caused significantly more IGF release than did CA, whereas EDTA and CA were equally effective for the release of the other growth factors. For either EDTA or CA, the lowest and highest growth factor release levels were observed in the CSI and Er:YAG laser groups, respectively (p < .05). All of the growth factors were released significantly more at 24 h than on day 7 (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Irrigation activation techniques with EDTA or CA increased the release levels of all growth factors from the dentine of canal walls in extracted premolar teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Hancerliogullari
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Ali Erdemir
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Ucler Kisa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Le Normand M, Rietzler B, Vilaplana F, Ek M. Macromolecular Model of the Pectic Polysaccharides Isolated from the Bark of Norway Spruce ( Picea abies). Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071106. [PMID: 33807128 PMCID: PMC8038116 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bark of Norway spruce (Picea abies) contains up to 13% pectins that can be extracted by pressurized hot water, which constitute a valuable renewable resource in second-generation lignocellulosic biorefineries. This article proposes, for the first time, structural molecular models for the pectins present in spruce bark. Pectin fractions of tailored molar masses were obtained by fractionation of the pressurized hot water extract of the inner bark using preparative size-exclusion chromatography. The monosaccharide composition, average molar mass distribution, and the glycosidic linkage patterns were analyzed for each fraction. The pectin fraction with high molecular weight (Mw of 59,000 Da) contained a highly branched RG-I domain, which accounted for 80% of the fraction and was mainly substituted with arabinan and arabinogalactan (type I and II) side chains. On the other hand, the fractions with lower molar masses (Mw = 15,000 and 9000 Da) were enriched with linear homogalacturonan domains, and also branched arabinan populations. The integration of the analytical information from the macromolecular size distributions, domain composition, and branch lengths of each pectin fraction, results in a comprehensive understanding of the macromolecular architecture of the pectins extracted from the bark of Norway spruce. This paves the way for the valorization of spruce bark pectic polymers in targeted applications based on their distinct polymeric structures and properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Le Normand
- Division of Wood Chemistry and Pulp Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (M.L.N.); (B.R.); (M.E.)
| | - Barbara Rietzler
- Division of Wood Chemistry and Pulp Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (M.L.N.); (B.R.); (M.E.)
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Monica Ek
- Division of Wood Chemistry and Pulp Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (M.L.N.); (B.R.); (M.E.)
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ni C, Lu W, Zhang J, Peng L, Xie D, Ni J. Blue-light emitting aminated pectin for detecting Cu 2+ ion. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 176:272-281. [PMID: 33592262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This research studied the chemo-sensing of low-cost aminated pectin (PE) obtained by a facile calcination under ammonia gas at temperature no higher than 175 °C without excessive use of alkaline, acid or solvents. The ammonia gas was found to replace the hydroxyl and methoxyl group, enhancing the crystallinity and solubility of the resultant pectin than those calcined in air or in 5% H2. Though the increase of light absorption could be attributed mainly to the dehydration during calcination which caused the formation of CC double bond or aromatic ring, the N incorporation could be important to the photoluminescence (PL) emission. The PL quenching of the blue fluorescent aminated pectin showed a good linearity with the concentration of Cu2+, Fe3+ and the highest sensitivity toward Cu2+ among the investigated metal ions. In order to further increase the PL quenching toward Cu2+ and decrease the interference of Fe3+, a method involving H2O2 and ultraviolet illumination was developed to catalyze the oxidation of fluorophores on the polymer. This work provides new horizon on the modification and application of pectin in chemosensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengsheng Ni
- College of Resources of Environment and Resources, Southwest University, BeiBei, Chongqing 400715, China; National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Wenxuan Lu
- College of Resources of Environment and Resources, Southwest University, BeiBei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Resources of Environment and Resources, Southwest University, BeiBei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Luo Peng
- College of Resources of Environment and Resources, Southwest University, BeiBei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Deti Xie
- College of Resources of Environment and Resources, Southwest University, BeiBei, Chongqing 400715, China; National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jiupai Ni
- College of Resources of Environment and Resources, Southwest University, BeiBei, Chongqing 400715, China; National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing 400716, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sustained release of epigallocatechin-3-gallate from chitosan-based scaffolds to promote osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cell. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 176:96-105. [PMID: 33577812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a kind of flavonoids and has the ability to promote differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts. However, the EGCG is easily metabolized by cells during cell culture, which reduces its bioavailability. Therefore, in this paper, EGCG-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (ECN) were fabricated and entrapped into chitosan/alginate (CS/Alg) scaffolds to form CS/Alg-ECN scaffolds for improving the bioavailability of EGCG. The human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) were cultured on CS/Alg-ECN scaffolds to induce osteogenic differentiation. The results indicated that the CS/Alg-ECN scaffolds continuously released EGCG for up to 16 days. Besides, these results suggested that CS/Alg-ECN scaffolds promoted osteoblast differentiation through activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Collectively, this study demonstrated that the entrapment ECN into CS/Alg scaffolds was a promising strategy for promoting osteogenesis of MSCs.
Collapse
|
36
|
Moslemi M. Reviewing the recent advances in application of pectin for technical and health promotion purposes: From laboratory to market. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 254:117324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
37
|
Relationship of non-linear rheological properties and quantitative network analysis parameters as a function of increasingly large amplitude deformations in non-fat, low-fat and high-fat yogurt products. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
38
|
Michailidou G, Terzopoulou Z, Kehagia A, Michopoulou A, Bikiaris DN. Preliminary Evaluation of 3D Printed Chitosan/Pectin Constructs for Biomedical Applications. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19010036. [PMID: 33467462 PMCID: PMC7829944 DOI: 10.3390/md19010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, chitosan (CS) and pectin (PEC) were utilized for the preparation of 3D printable inks through pneumatic extrusion for biomedical applications. CS is a polysaccharide with beneficial properties; however, its printing behavior is not satisfying, rendering the addition of a thickening agent necessary, i.e., PEC. The influence of PEC in the prepared inks was assessed through rheological measurements, altering the viscosity of the inks to be suitable for 3D printing. 3D printing conditions were optimized and the effect of different drying procedures, along with the presence or absence of a gelating agent on the CS-PEC printed scaffolds were assessed. The mean pore size along with the average filament diameter were measured through SEM micrographs. Interactions among the characteristic groups of the two polymers were evident through FTIR spectra. Swelling and hydrolysis measurements confirmed the influence of gelation and drying procedure on the subsequent behavior of the scaffolds. Ascribed to the beneficial pore size and swelling behavior, fibroblasts were able to survive upon exposure to the ungelated scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Michailidou
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 555 35 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Zoe Terzopoulou
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 555 35 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.M.); (A.K.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Correspondence: (Z.T.); (D.N.B.)
| | - Argyroula Kehagia
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 555 35 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Anna Michopoulou
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, Leoforos Georgikis Scholis 65, 555 35 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 555 35 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.M.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: (Z.T.); (D.N.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Singh RP, Tingirikari JMR. Agro waste derived pectin poly and oligosaccharides: Synthesis and functional characterization. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
40
|
Catori DM, Fragal EH, Messias I, Garcia FP, Nakamura CV, Rubira AF. Development of composite hydrogel based on hydroxyapatite mineralization over pectin reinforced with cellulose nanocrystal. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:726-735. [PMID: 33285200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels based on pectin and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were used in our study to nucleation and growth of hydroxyapatite (HAp) by the biomimetic method. In this study, we evaluated the direct impact of the different percentages of CNC on pectin hydrogel and the influence of HAp obtained through two methods. CNC were obtained from HCl hydrolysis following chemical functionalization through vinyl groups. The percentage of CNC positively induces thermal stability, mechanical properties and HAp mineralization from biomimetic using simulated body fluid (1.5 SBF). Hydrogels with 5% of CNC showed a higher amount of HAp immersed for 14 days, about 28% of HAp. The obtained hydrogels were compared with hydrogels containing 20% of HAp nanoparticles obtained by chemical precipitation. Biocompatibility of the hydrogels was evaluated by cell viability using fibroblasts (L929). In general, the hydrogels obtained through the biomimetic method show slightly larger biocompatibility compared to the hybrid hydrogels obtained from chemical precipitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Catori
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elizângela H Fragal
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Igor Messias
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Francielle P Garcia
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Celso V Nakamura
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adley F Rubira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zia I, Jolly R, Mirza S, Umar MS, Owais M, Shakir M. Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Fortified Xanthan Gum-Chitosan Based Polyelectrolyte Complex Scaffolds for Supporting the Osteo-Friendly Environment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7133-7146. [PMID: 35019373 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-reinforced polymer-based scaffolding matrices as artificial bone-implant materials are potential suitors for bone regenerative medicine as they simulate the native bone. In the present work, a series of bioinspired, osteoconductive tricomposite scaffolds made up of nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA) embedded xanthan gum-chitosan (XAN-CHI) polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) are explored for their bone-regeneration potential. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies confirmed complex formation between XAN and CHI and showed strong interactions between the NHA and PEC matrix. The X-ray diffraction studies indicated regulation of the nanocomposite (NC) scaffold crystallinity by the physical cues of the PEC matrix. Further results exhibited that the XAN-CHI/NHA5 scaffold, with a 50/50 (polymer/NHA) ratio, has optimized porous structure, appropriate compressive properties, and sufficient swelling ability with slower degradation rates, which are far better than those of CHI/NHA and other XAN-CHI/NHA NC scaffolds. The simulated body fluid studies showed XAN-CHI/NHA5 generated apatite-like surface structures of a Ca/P ratio ∼1.66. Also, the in vitro cell-material interaction studies with MG-63 cells revealed that relative to the CHI/NHA NC scaffold, the cellular viability, attachment, and proliferation were better on XAN-CHI/NHA scaffold surfaces, with XAN-CHI/NHA5 specimens exhibiting an effective increment in cell spreading capacity compared to XAN-CHI/NHA4 and XAN-CHI/NHA6 specimens. The presence of an osteo-friendly environment is also indicated by enhanced alkaline phosphatase expression and protein adsorption ability. The higher expression of extracellular matrix proteins, such as osteocalcin and osteopontin, finally validated the induction of differentiation of MG-63 cells by tricomposite scaffolds. In summary, this study demonstrates that the formation of PEC between XAN and CHI and incorporation of NHA in XAN-CHI PEC developed tricomposite scaffolds with robust potential for use in bone regeneration applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iram Zia
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Reshma Jolly
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sumbul Mirza
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohd Saad Umar
- Molecular Immunology Group Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Molecular Immunology Group Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Shakir
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pierce A, Zheng Y, Wagner WL, Scheller HV, Mohnen D, Ackermann M, Mentzer SJ. Visualizing pectin polymer-polymer entanglement produced by interfacial water movement. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116618. [PMID: 32747258 PMCID: PMC7485584 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we investigated the physical conditions for creating pectin polymer-polymer (homopolymer) entanglement. The potential role of water movement in creating pectin entanglement was investigated by placing water droplets-equivalent to the water content of two gel phase films-between two glass phase films and compressing the films at variable probe velocities. Slow probe velocity (0.5 mm/sec) demonstrated no significant debonding. Corresponding videomicroscopy demonstrated an occasional water bridge, but no evidence of stranding or polymer entanglement. In contrast, fast probe velocity (5 mm/sec) resulted in 1) an increase in peak adhesion strength, 2) a progressive debonding curve, and 3) increased work of cohesion (p < .001). Corresponding videomicroscopy demonstrated pectin stranding and delamination between pectin films. Scanning electron microscopy images obtained during pectin debonding provided additional evidence of both stranding and delamination. We conclude that water movement can supply the motive force for the rapid chain entanglement between pectin films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan Pierce
- Laboratory of Adaptive and Regenerative Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yifan Zheng
- Laboratory of Adaptive and Regenerative Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Willi L Wagner
- Laboratory of Adaptive and Regenerative Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Translational Lung Research Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henrik V Scheller
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville CA and the Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Debra Mohnen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Maximilian Ackermann
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Steven J Mentzer
- Laboratory of Adaptive and Regenerative Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ceja I, González-Íñiguez KJ, Carreón-Álvarez A, Landazuri G, Barrera A, Casillas JE, Fernández-Escamilla VVA, Aguilar J. Characterization and Electrical Properties of PVA Films with Self-Assembled Chitosan-AuNPs/SWCNT-COOH Nanostructures. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13184138. [PMID: 32957600 PMCID: PMC7560243 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured films with electrical conductivity in the semiconductor region were prepared in a polymeric matrix of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with nanostructures of chitosan-gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/single-wall carbon nanotubes carboxylic acid functionalized (SWCNT-COOH) (chitosan-AuNPs/SWCNT-COOH) self-assembled. Dispersion light scattering (DLS) was used to determine the average particle sizes of chitosan-AuNPs, z-average particle size (Dz) and number average particle size (Dn), and the formation of crystalline domains of AuNPs was demonstrated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrostatic interaction was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The electrical conductivity of PVA/chitosan-AuNPs/SWCNT-COOH was determined by the four-point technique and photocurrent. The calculated Dn values of the chitosan-AuNPs decreased as the concentration of gold (III) chloride trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) increased: the concentrations of 0.4 and 1.3 mM were 209 and 90 nm, respectively. Average crystal size (L) and number average size (D) of the AuNPs were calculated in the range of 13 to 24 nm. Electrical conductivity of PVA/chitosan-AuNPs/SWCNT-COOH films was 3.7 × 10-5 σ/cm determined by the four-point technique and 6.5 × 10-4 σ/cm by photocurrent for the SWCNT-COOH concentration of 0.5 wt.% and HAuCl4·3H2O concentration of 0.4 mM. In this investigation, the protonation of the amine group of chitosan is fundamental to prepare PVA films with nanostructures of self-assembled chitosan-AuNPs/SWCNT-COOH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israel Ceja
- Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. M. García Barragán # 1421, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Mexico;
| | - Karla Josefina González-Íñiguez
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. M. García Barragán # 1421, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Mexico;
| | - Alejandra Carreón-Álvarez
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara-Ameca Km. 45.5, C.P. 46600 Ameca, Mexico;
| | - Gabriel Landazuri
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. M. García Barragán # 1421, C.P. 44430 Guadalajara, Mexico;
| | - Arturo Barrera
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Avenida Universidad No. 1115, C.P. 47810 Ocotlán, Mexico;
| | - José Eduardo Casillas
- Departamento de Ciencias Tecnológicas, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Avenida Universidad No. 1115, C.P. 47810 Ocotlán, Mexico; (J.E.C.); (V.V.A.F.-E.)
| | - Víctor Vladimir A. Fernández-Escamilla
- Departamento de Ciencias Tecnológicas, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Avenida Universidad No. 1115, C.P. 47810 Ocotlán, Mexico; (J.E.C.); (V.V.A.F.-E.)
| | - Jacobo Aguilar
- Departamento de Ciencias Tecnológicas, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Avenida Universidad No. 1115, C.P. 47810 Ocotlán, Mexico; (J.E.C.); (V.V.A.F.-E.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Muhtadi WK, Novitasari L, Danarti R, Martien R. Development of polymeric nanoparticle gel prepared with the combination of ionic pre-gelation and polyelectrolyte complexation as a novel drug delivery of timolol maleate. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1844-1852. [PMID: 32901561 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1821053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to overcome the undesired systemic absorption of skin topical administration of timolol maleate (TM) by developing the TM nanoparticle gel. METHODS TM-loaded nanoparticle (TMNP) was prepared by ionic pre-gelation of pectin (PCN) and calcium ions (CI) followed with polyelectrolyte complex using chitosan (CHI). TMNP was characterized by measuring the particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (EE), and the interaction between formula constituents. TM-loaded nanoparticle gel (TMNG) was prepared by using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and was characterized by measuring the spreadability, pH, viscosity, and drug content. The drug release kinetics were analyzed using DDSolver add-in program. RESULTS TMNP possessed particle size of 175.2 ± 19.7 nm, polydispersity index of 0.528 ± 0.113, zeta potential of -10.86 ± 0.87 mV, and EE of 27.45 ± 2.34%. The electrostatic interactions between PCN, CI, and CHI that formed the nanoparticles were confirmed by the result of vibrational spectroscopy analysis. TMNG possessed spreadability of 60.80 ± 1.38 cm2, pH of 5.154 ± 0.004, viscosity of 269.07 ± 5.83 cP, and drug content of 107.38 ± 1.77%. TM showed a sustained release manner within 24 h by following Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetical model with non-Fickian release mechanism. CONCLUSION The prepared nanoparticle gel can be an effective controlled release system of TM that administered topically on the skin surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wildan Khairi Muhtadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.,Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi (STIFAR) Riau, JalanKamboja, Tampan, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
| | - Laras Novitasari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Retno Danarti
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Farmako Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ronny Martien
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Novel Antibacterial Food Packaging Based on Chitosan Loaded ZnO Nano Particles Prepared by Green Synthesis from Nettle Leaf Extract. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01621-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
46
|
Cerri BC, Borelli LM, Stelutti IM, Soares MR, da Silva MA. Evaluation of new environmental friendly particulate soil fertilizers based on agroindustry wastes biopolymers and sugarcane vinasse. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 108:144-153. [PMID: 32353779 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the physicochemical and morphological properties of pectin and chitosan particles combined with sugarcane vinasse for soil fertilization applications. Particles were obtained by adding the biopolymeric solutions (pectin or chitosan solution) dropwise into the crosslinking solutions (calcium chloride 1% in ethanolic solution or tripolyphosphate 5% aqueous solution) followed by drying. Vinasse enhanced pectin gel stability improving pectin/vinasse particle properties. Physicochemical characterization indicated that vinasse nutrients were properly incorporated in both pectin and chitosan matrices. Particles showed spherical shape, with an average diameter of 3 and 2 mm for the pectin and chitosan particles with vinasse, respectively. Chitosan particles, compared to pectin, showed lower swelling capacity and solubility and higher mechanical resistance indicating a denser and more compact polymer network. Both particles were able to hinder water evaporation rates from sandy soil under water stress conditions. Biobased particles with vinasse added show potential to be applied as soil fertilizer representing an alternative to use and disposal of this expressive wastewater from sugar and alcohol industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Carreiro Cerri
- Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Anhanguera, km 174, 13600-970 Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Laíze Matos Borelli
- Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Anhanguera, km 174, 13600-970 Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Martins Stelutti
- Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Anhanguera, km 174, 13600-970 Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Roberto Soares
- Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Anhanguera, km 174, 13600-970 Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Altenhofen da Silva
- Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Anhanguera, km 174, 13600-970 Araras, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Water-Dependent Blending of Pectin Films: The Mechanics of Conjoined Biopolymers. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092108. [PMID: 32365966 PMCID: PMC7248993 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable pectin polymers have been recommended for a variety of biomedical applications, ranging from the delivery of oral drugs to the repair of injured visceral organs. A promising approach to regulate pectin biostability is the blending of pectin films. To investigate the development of conjoined films, we examined the physical properties of high-methoxyl pectin polymer-polymer (homopolymer) interactions at the adhesive interface. Pectin polymers were tested in glass phase (10–13% w/w water content) and gel phase (38–41% w/w water content). The tensile strength of polymer-polymer adhesion was measured after variable development time and compressive force. Regardless of pretest parameters, the adhesive strength of two glass phase films was negligible. In contrast, adhesion testing of two gel phase films resulted in significant tensile adhesion strength (p < 0.01). Adhesion was also observed between glass phase and gel phase films—likely reflecting the diffusion of water from the gel phase to the glass phase films. In studies of the interaction between two gel phase films, the polymer-polymer adhesive strength increased linearly with increasing compressive force (range 10–80 N) (R2 = 0.956). In contrast, adhesive strength increased logarithmically with time (range 10–10,000 s) (R2 = 0.913); most of the adhesive strength was observed within minutes of contact. Fracture mechanics demonstrated that the adhesion of two gel phase films resulted in a conjoined film with distinctive physical properties including increased extensibility, decreased stiffness and a 30% increase in the work of cohesion relative to native polymers (p < 0.01). Scanning electron microscopy of the conjoined films demonstrated cross-grain adhesion at the interface between the adhesive homopolymers. These structural and functional data suggest that blended pectin films have emergent physical properties resulting from the cross-grain intermingling of interfacial pectin chains.
Collapse
|
48
|
Extraction of pectin from albedo of lemon peels for preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
49
|
Soubhagya AS, Moorthi A, Prabaharan M. Preparation and characterization of chitosan/pectin/ZnO porous films for wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:135-145. [PMID: 32339591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) porous films based on chitosan/pectin/ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared for wound healing by the freeze-drying method. The chemical nature, composition and morphology of these films were revealed by FTIR, XRD, EDX, SEM and BET analysis. SEM micrographs showed a decrease in the pore size and porosity of chitosan/pectin/ZnO films when increasing the content of ZnO NPs. The developed films presented the swelling degree and water retention ability in the range of 189-465 and 230-390%, respectively. Moreover, they showed an improved compression strength and controlled degradation in the lysozyme-containing medium in comparison with control. MTT assay demonstrated the biocompatibility of chitosan/pectin/ZnO films against the primary human dermal fibroblast cells (HFCs). Among the developed chitosan/pectin/ZnO films, CPZnO-2 films presented the increased rate of cell proliferation and migration. Also, they exhibited antimicrobial activity against the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. These results suggested that chitosan/pectin/ZnO films could be safe, convenient and effective for wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Soubhagya
- Department of Chemistry, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - A Moorthi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - M Prabaharan
- Department of Chemistry, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai 603 103, India.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Safari J, Esteghlal S, Keramat M, Khalesi M. Fabrication of Chitosan/Pectin/PVA Nanofibers Using Electrospinning Technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2210681208666181002124634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Electrospinning is a novel cost effective technique for generating nanofibers from a
broad range of materials likely to be used as a coating film.
Methods:
In this project, pectin and chitosan solutions containing PVA were prepared and electrospun with
separate syringes for the first time. The antimicrobial and physical properties of the novel chitosan/PVApectin/
PVA nanofibrous film were evaluated using some analysis techniques such as disc diffusion assay,
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), viscosity and conductivity
tests, and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
Results:
The results showed that simultaneously electrospinning the dispersion of chitosan/PVA (50:50)
with pectin/PVA (50:50) led to the formation of thin nanofibers with the minimum number of beads. The results
of FTIR analysis proved the dispersion of chitosan and PVA in nanofiber mats and the interaction of
chitosan with pectin as well as PVA with pectin. Disc diffusion assay showed that nano-film could possess
significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus at 37°C but had no effects against E. coli.
Conclusion:
Based on the results of this study, the novel chitosan/PVA-pectin/PVA nanofibrous film can be
considered as a novel coating film for promising application in food packaging industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Safari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shiraz University, Shiraz-71441-65186, Iran
| | - Sara Esteghlal
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shiraz University, Shiraz-71441-65186, Iran
| | - Malihe Keramat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shiraz University, Shiraz-71441-65186, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Khalesi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shiraz University, Shiraz-71441-65186, Iran
| |
Collapse
|