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Li W, Zou G, Bao D, Wu Y. Current Advances in the Functional Genes of Edible and Medicinal Fungi: Research Techniques, Functional Analysis, and Prospects. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:311. [PMID: 38786666 PMCID: PMC11121823 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional genes encode various biological functions required for the life activities of organisms. By analyzing the functional genes of edible and medicinal fungi, varieties of edible and medicinal fungi can be improved to enhance their agronomic traits, growth rates, and ability to withstand adversity, thereby increasing yield and quality and promoting industrial development. With the rapid development of functional gene research technology and the publication of many whole-genome sequences of edible and medicinal fungi, genes related to important biological traits have been mined, located, and functionally analyzed. This paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of different functional gene research techniques and application examples for edible and medicinal fungi; systematically reviews the research progress of functional genes of edible and medicinal fungi in biological processes such as mating type, mycelium and fruit growth and development, substrate utilization and nutrient transport, environmental response, and the synthesis and regulation of important active substances; and proposes future research directions for functional gene research for edible and medicinal fungi. The overall aim of this study was to provide a valuable reference for further promoting the molecular breeding of edible and medicinal fungi with high yield and quality and to promote the wide application of edible and medicinal fungi products in food, medicine, and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyun Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (W.L.); (G.Z.)
- College of Food Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Gen Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (W.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Dapeng Bao
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (W.L.); (G.Z.)
- College of Food Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (W.L.); (G.Z.)
- College of Food Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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Liu J, Han L, Hou S, Gui L, Yuan Z, Sun S, Wang Z, Yang B. Integrated metabolome and microbiome analysis reveals the effect of rumen-protected sulfur-containing amino acids on the meat quality of Tibetan sheep meat. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1345388. [PMID: 38389537 PMCID: PMC10883651 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1345388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated the effects of rumen-protected sulfur-containing amino acids (RPSAA) on the rumen and jejunal microbiota as well as on the metabolites and meat quality of the longissimus lumborum (LL) in Tibetan sheep. Methods By combining 16S rDNA sequencing with UHPLC-Q-TOF MS and Pearson correlation analysis, the relationship between gastrointestinal microbiota, muscle metabolites and meat quality was identified. Results The results showed that feeding RPSAA can increase the carcass weight, abdominal fat thickness (AP-2 group), and back fat thickness (AP-2 and AP-3 group) of Tibetan sheep. The water holding capacity (WHC), texture, and shear force (SF) of LL in the two groups also increased although the fatty acids content and brightness (L*) value significantly decreased in the AP-2 group. Metabolomics and correlation analysis further showed that RPSAA could significantly influence the metabolites in purine metabolism, thereby affecting L* and SF. In addition, RPSAA was beneficial for the fermentation of the rumen and jejunum. In both groups, the abundance of Prevotella 1, Lachnospiraceae NK3A20 group, Prevotella UCG-003, Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group in the rumen as well as the abundance of Eubacterium nodatum group and Mogibacterium group in the jejunum increased. In contrast, that of Turicibacter pathogens in the jejunum was reduced. The above microorganisms could regulate meat quality by regulating the metabolites (inosine, hypoxanthine, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, etc.) in purine and fatty acids metabolism. Discussion Overall, reducing the levels of crude proteins in the diet and feeding RPSAA is likely to improve the carcass quality of Tibetan sheep, with the addition of RPMET (AP-2) yielding the best edible quality, possibly due to its ability to influence the gastrointestinal microbiota to subsequently regulate muscle metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiQian Liu
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Lijuan Han
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shengzhen Hou
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Linsheng Gui
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yuan
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhiyou Wang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Baochun Yang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Khlebodarova TM, Bogacheva NV, Zadorozhny AV, Bryanskaya AV, Vasilieva AR, Chesnokov DO, Pavlova EI, Peltek SE. Komagataella phaffii as a Platform for Heterologous Expression of Enzymes Used for Industry. Microorganisms 2024; 12:346. [PMID: 38399750 PMCID: PMC10892927 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the 1980s, Escherichia coli was the preferred host for heterologous protein expression owing to its capacity for rapid growth in complex media; well-studied genetics; rapid and direct transformation with foreign DNA; and easily scalable fermentation. Despite the relative ease of use of E. coli for achieving the high expression of many recombinant proteins, for some proteins, e.g., membrane proteins or proteins of eukaryotic origin, this approach can be rather ineffective. Another microorganism long-used and popular as an expression system is baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In spite of a number of obvious advantages of these yeasts as host cells, there are some limitations on their use as expression systems, for example, inefficient secretion, misfolding, hyperglycosylation, and aberrant proteolytic processing of proteins. Over the past decade, nontraditional yeast species have been adapted to the role of alternative hosts for the production of recombinant proteins, e.g., Komagataella phaffii, Yarrowia lipolytica, and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. These yeast species' several physiological characteristics (that are different from those of S. cerevisiae), such as faster growth on cheap carbon sources and higher secretion capacity, make them practical alternative hosts for biotechnological purposes. Currently, the K. phaffii-based expression system is one of the most popular for the production of heterologous proteins. Along with the low secretion of endogenous proteins, K. phaffii efficiently produces and secretes heterologous proteins in high yields, thereby reducing the cost of purifying the latter. This review will discuss practical approaches and technological solutions for the efficient expression of recombinant proteins in K. phaffii, mainly based on the example of enzymes used for the feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara M. Khlebodarova
- Kurchatov Genomic Center at Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (T.M.K.); (N.V.B.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.B.); (A.R.V.)
- Laboratory Molecular Biotechnologies of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Bogacheva
- Kurchatov Genomic Center at Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (T.M.K.); (N.V.B.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.B.); (A.R.V.)
- Laboratory Molecular Biotechnologies of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Zadorozhny
- Kurchatov Genomic Center at Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (T.M.K.); (N.V.B.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.B.); (A.R.V.)
- Laboratory Molecular Biotechnologies of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alla V. Bryanskaya
- Kurchatov Genomic Center at Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (T.M.K.); (N.V.B.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.B.); (A.R.V.)
- Laboratory Molecular Biotechnologies of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Asya R. Vasilieva
- Kurchatov Genomic Center at Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (T.M.K.); (N.V.B.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.B.); (A.R.V.)
- Laboratory Molecular Biotechnologies of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Danil O. Chesnokov
- Sector of Genetics of Industrial Microorganisms of Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.C.); (E.I.P.)
| | - Elena I. Pavlova
- Sector of Genetics of Industrial Microorganisms of Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.C.); (E.I.P.)
| | - Sergey E. Peltek
- Kurchatov Genomic Center at Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (T.M.K.); (N.V.B.); (A.V.Z.); (A.V.B.); (A.R.V.)
- Laboratory Molecular Biotechnologies of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Zheng F, Chen J, Wang J, Zhuang H. Transformation of corncob into high-value xylooligosaccharides using glycoside hydrolase families 10 and 11 xylanases from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130249. [PMID: 38154735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Effective production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) with lower proportion of xylose entails unique and robust xylanases. In this study, two novel xylanases from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 belonging to glycoside hydrolase families 10 (XynTR10) and 11 (XynTR11) were over-expressed in Komagataella phaffii X-33 and characterized to be robust enzymes with high halotolerance and ethanol tolerant. Both enzymes displayed strict substrate specificity towards beechwood xylan and wheat arabinoxylan. (Glu153/Glu258) and (Glu161/Glu252) were key catalytic sites for XynTR10 and XynTR11. Notably, XynTR11 could rapidly degrade xylan/XOS into xylobiose without xylose via transglycosylation. Direct degradation of corncob using XynTR10 and XynTR111 displayed that while XynTR10 yielded 77% xylobiose and 25% xylose, XynTR11 yielded much less xylose (11%) and comparable amounts of xylobiose (63%). XynTR10 or XynTR111 has great potential as a catalyst for bioconversion of xylan-containing agricultural waste into high-value products (biofuel or XOS), which is of significant benefit for the economy and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Zheng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Huan Zhuang
- Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310051, China
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Zheng F, Basit A, Wang J, Zhuang H, Chen J, Zhang J. Biochemical analyses of a novel acidophilic GH5 β-mannanase from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 and its application in mannooligosaccharides production from galactomannans. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1191553. [PMID: 37362936 PMCID: PMC10288326 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1191553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, an acidophilic GH5 β-mannanase (TaMan5) from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 was efficiently expressed in Pichia pastoris (a 2.0-fold increase, 67.5 ± 1.95 U/mL). TaMan5 displayed the highest specificity toward locust bean gum (Km = 1.34 mg/mL, Vmax = 749.14 μmol/min/mg) at pH 4.0 and 65°C. Furthermore, TaMan5 displayed remarkable tolerance to acidic environments, retaining over 80% of its original activity at pH 3.0-5.0. The activity of TaMan5 was remarkably decreased by Cu2+, Mn2+, and SDS, while Fe2+/Fe3+ improved the enzyme activity. A thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis of the action model showed that TaMan5 could rapidly degrade mannan/MOS into mannobiose without mannose via hydrolysis action as well as transglycosylation. Site-directed mutagenesis results suggested that Glu205, Glu313, and Asp357 of TaMan5 are crucial catalytic residues, with Asp152 playing an auxiliary function. Additionally, TaMan5 and commercial α-galactosidase displayed a remarkable synergistic effect on the degradation of galactomannans. This study provided a novel β-mannanase with ideal characteristics and can be considered a potential candidate for the production of bioactive polysaccharide mannobiose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Zheng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Microbiology, University of Jhang, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhuang
- Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfen Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Kobayashi N, Wada N, Yokoyama H, Tanaka Y, Suzuki T, Habu N, Konno N. Extracellular enzymes secreted in the mycelial block of Lentinula edodes during hyphal growth. AMB Express 2023; 13:36. [PMID: 37185915 PMCID: PMC10130320 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom) is one of the most widely cultivated edible mushrooms and is primarily cultivated using sawdust medium. While there have been improvements in the cultivation technology, the mechanism of mycelial block cultivation, such as mycelial growth and enzymatic sawdust degradation, has not been clarified. In this study, the mycelium was elongated longitudinally in the bottle sawdust culture for 27 days, and the cultivated sawdust medium was divided into three sections (top, middle, and bottom parts). To determine spatial heterogeneity in the enzyme secretion, the enzymatic activities of each part were analyzed. Lignocellulose degradation enzymes, such as endoglucanase, xylanase, and manganese peroxidase were highly secreted in the top part of the medium. On the other hand, amylase, pectinase, fungal cell wall degradation enzyme (β-1,3-glucanase, β-1,6-glucanase, and chitinase), and laccase activities were higher in the bottom part. The results indicate that the principal sawdust degradation occurs after mycelial colonization. Proteins with the laccase activity were purified from the bottom part of the medium, and three laccases, Lcc5, Lcc6 and Lcc13, were identified. In particular, the expression of Lcc13 gene was higher in the bottom part compared with the level in the top part, suggesting Lcc13 is mainly produced from the tip region and have important roles for mycelial spread and nutrient uptake during early stage of cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanae Kobayashi
- School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
- Graduate School of Regional Development and Creativity, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Nagisa Wada
- School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
- Graduate School of Regional Development and Creativity, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Haruna Yokoyama
- School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
- Graduate School of Regional Development and Creativity, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Suzuki
- Graduate School of Regional Development and Creativity, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naoto Habu
- School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
- Graduate School of Regional Development and Creativity, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naotake Konno
- School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan.
- Graduate School of Regional Development and Creativity, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan.
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan.
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Lan Q, Lian Y, Peng P, Yang L, Zhao H, Huang P, Ma H, Wei H, Yin Y, Liu M. Association of gut microbiota and SCFAs with finishing weight of Diannan small ear pigs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1117965. [PMID: 36778880 PMCID: PMC9911695 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1117965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Finishing weight is a key economic trait in the domestic pig industry. Evidence has linked the gut microbiota and SCFAs to health and production performance in pigs. Nevertheless, for Diannan small ear (DSE) pigs, a specific pig breed in China, the potential effect of gut microbiota and SCFAs on their finishing weight remains unclear. Herein, based on the data of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and metagenomic sequencing analysis, we found that 13 OTUs could be potential biomarkers and 19 microbial species were associated with finishing weight. Among these, carbohydrate-decomposing bacteria of the families Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Prevotellaceae were positively related to finishing weight, whereas the microbial taxa associated with intestinal inflammation and damage exhibited opposite effects. In addition, interactions of these microbial species were found to be linked with finishing weight for the first time. Gut microbial functional annotation analysis indicated that CAZymes, such as glucosidase and glucanase could significantly affect finishing weight, given their roles in increasing nutrient absorption efficiency. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Orthologies (KOs) and KEGG pathways analysis indicated that glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, phosphotransferase system (PTS), secondary bile acid biosynthesis, ABC transporters, sulfur metabolism, and one carbon pool by folate could act as key factors in regulating finishing weight. Additionally, SCFA levels, especially acetate and butyrate, had pivotal impacts on finishing weight. Finishing weight-associated species Prevotella sp. RS2, Ruminococcus sp. AF31-14BH and Lactobacillus pontis showed positive associations with butyrate concentration, and Paraprevotella xylaniphila and Bacteroides sp. OF04-15BH were positively related to acetate level. Taken together, our study provides essential knowledge for manipulating gut microbiomes to improve finishing weight. The underlying mechanisms of how gut microbiome and SCFAs modulate pigs' finishing weight required further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuju Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Peiya Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Long Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiming Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongjiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Yulong Yin, ✉
| | - Mei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China,Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan, China,Mei Liu, ✉
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Yang C, Deng X, Lund P, Liu H, Ding X, Fu Z, Zhang N, Li J, Dong L. Rumen microbiota-host transcriptome interaction mediates the protective effects of trans-10, cis-12 CLA on facilitating weaning transition of lambs. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:345-359. [PMID: 36788929 PMCID: PMC9898626 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Developing alternatives to antibiotics for prevention of gastrointestinal dysbiosis in early-weaning farmed animals is urgently needed. This study was to explore the potential effects of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on maintaining ruminal homeostasis of young ruminants during the weaning transition period. Thirty neonatal lambs were selected (6 lambs per group) and euthanized for rumen microbial and epithelial analysis. The lambs were weaned at 28 d and experienced the following 5 treatments: euthanized on d 28 as the pre-weaning control (CON0), fed starter feed for 5 (CON5) or 21 (CON21) d, fed starter feed with 1% of CLA supplemented for 5 (CLA5) or 21 (CLA21) d. Results showed that the average daily weight gain and dry matter intake were significantly higher in CLA5 than CON5 group. As compared with the CON5 and CON21 group, the relative abundances of volatile fatty acid (VFA) producing bacteria including Bacteroides, Treponema, Parabacteroides and Anaerovibrio, as well as the concentrations of acetate, butyrate and total VFA were significantly increased in CLA5 and CLA21 group, respectively. Integrating microbial profiling and epithelial transcriptome results showed that 7 downregulated inflammatory signaling-related host genes IL2RA, CXCL9, CD4, CCR4, LTB, SPP1, and BCL2A1 with CLA supplementation were significantly negatively correlated with both VFA concentration and VFA producing bacteria, while 3 (GPX2, SLC27A2 and ALDH3A1) and 2 (GSTM3 and GSTA1) upregulated metabolism-related genes, significantly positively correlated with either VFA concentration or VFA producing bacteria, respectively. To confirm the effects of CLA on epithelial signal transduction, in vitro experiment was further conducted by treating rumen epithelial cells without or with IL-17A + TNF-α for 12 h after pretreatment of 100 μM CLA or not (6 replicates per treatment). The results demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of CLA via suppressing the protein expression of NF-кB p-p65/p65 with the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). In conclusion, CLA supplementation enhanced the ruminal microbiota-driven transcriptional regulation in healthy rumen epithelial development via rumen VFA production, and CLA may therefore serve as an alternative way to alleviate early-weaning stress and improve physiological and metabolic conditions of young ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xiangfei Deng
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Peter Lund
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, AU Foulum, DK-8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Haixia Liu
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xingwang Ding
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Naifeng Zhang
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sino-US Joint Lab on Nutrition and Metabolism of Ruminant, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinjun Li
- Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China,Corresponding authors.
| | - Lifeng Dong
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sino-US Joint Lab on Nutrition and Metabolism of Ruminant, Beijing, 100081, China,Corresponding authors.
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Liu C, Zhang W, Li Y, Pan K, OuYang K, Song X, Xiong X, Zang Y, Wang L, Qu M, Zhao X. Characterization of yeast cell surface displayed Lentinula edodes xylanase and its effects on the hydrolysis of wheat. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 199:341-347. [PMID: 35026222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The current study displayed a xylanase from Lentinula edodes on the surface of Pichia pastoris (sdLeXyn) and investigated its properties and effects on the wheat hydrolysis. Fluorescence microscope results showed that sdLeXyn was successfully anchored and displayed on the surface of P. pastoris X-33 cells. The highest activity of sdLeXyn was obtained at pH 3.0 and 50 °C. The sdLeXyn exhibited anti-high temperature property and showed broad temperature adaptability (>55% of the highest activity at 20-80 °C). The sdLeXyn was very stable at room temperature and could remain functionally stable at 50 °C for 3 h. The Km value was greater in sdLeXyn than that in free recombinant L. edodes xylanase. The sdLeXyn exhibited well resistance to Mn2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Na+, Cu2+, Mg2+, K+, Ni2+ (1 mM and 5 mM) except Cu2+, which reduced the sdLeXyn activity by 54.5% at 5 mM dosage. The activity of sdLeXyn was increased by 42.6% by 5 mM Mn2+, 5 mM DTT, Trition X-100, and Tween 20 did not affect the activity of sdLeXyn, but SDS and EDTA slightly reduced it by 12.8% and 14.6%, respectively. The sdLeXyn could resist the degradation of pepsin, efficiently hydrolyzed wheat and reduced the viscosity of wheat hydrolysate. Current data indicate that the sdLeXyn has a potential as a feed additive to improve the utilization of wheat in poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Kehui OuYang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xiaozhen Song
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xiaowen Xiong
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Yitian Zang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China.
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10
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Jiang C, Ding L, Dong Q, Wang X, Wei H, Hu C, Ma C, Yan Q, Zhou Y, Degen AA. Effects of root extracts of three traditional Chinese herbs as dietary supplements on dry matter intake, average daily gain, rumen fermentation and ruminal microbiota in early weaned yak calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Gu S, Liu C, Zhang W, Qu M, Li Y, Zang Y, Xiong X, Pan K, Zhao X. Characteristics of a recombinant Fusarium verticillioides cutinase and its effects on enzymatic hydrolysis of rice straw. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:382-388. [PMID: 33434547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The current study heterologously expressed a cutinase from Fusarium verticillioides by Pichia pastoris and investigated its properties and effects on the hydrolysis of rice straw. The optimal pH and temperature for F. verticillioides cutinase were 8.0 and 50 °C, respectively. F. verticillioides cutinase had poor thermal stability and could be inhibited by some metal ions, inhibitors, and detergents (5 mM), including Ni2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, sodium dodecyl sulfate, EDTA, and Tween-20. F. verticillioides cutinase could tolerate 15% methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide but was significantly repressed by 15% ethanol and acetone with 48% and 63% residual activity, respectively. F. verticillioides cutinase could degrade the cuticle of rice straw with palmitic acid and stearic acid as the main products. However, the dissolving sugars released from the rice straw treated with F. verticillioides cutinase were significantly reduced by 29.2 μg/mL compared with the control (107.9 μg/mL). Similarly, the reducing sugars produced from the cellulase hydrolysis of rice straw pretreated with F. verticillioides cutinase were reduced by 63.5 μg/mL relative to the control (253.6 μg/mL). Scanning electron microscopy results showed that numerous tuberculate or warty protrusions were present nearly everywhere on the surface of rice straw treated with F. verticillioides cutinase, and some protrusions even covered and blocked the stomata of the rice straw surface. Current limited data indicate that F. verticillioides cutinase might not be an appropriate choice for improving the utilization of agricultural straws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifeng Gu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Chanjuan Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Yitian Zang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xiaowen Xiong
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China.
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12
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Zafar A, Aftab MN, Asif A, Karadag A, Peng L, Celebioglu HU, Afzal MS, Hamid A, Iqbal I. Efficient biomass saccharification using a novel cellobiohydrolase from Clostridium clariflavum for utilization in biofuel industry. RSC Adv 2021; 11:9246-9261. [PMID: 35423428 PMCID: PMC8695235 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00545f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the cloning of the cellobiohydrolase gene from a thermophilic bacterium Clostridium clariflavum and its expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) utilizing the expression vector pET-21a(+). The optimization of various parameters (pH, temperature, isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration, time of induction) was carried out to obtain the maximum enzyme activity (2.78 ± 0.145 U ml−1) of recombinant enzyme. The maximum expression of recombinant cellobiohydrolase was obtained at pH 6.0 and 70 °C respectively. Enzyme purification was performed by heat treatment and immobilized metal anionic chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 57.4 U mg−1 with 35.17% recovery and 3.90 purification fold. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that the molecular weight of cellobiohydrolase was 78 kDa. Among metal ions, Ca2+ showed a positive impact on the cellobiohydrolase enzyme with increased activity by 115%. Recombinant purified cellobiohydrolase enzyme remained stable and exhibited 77% and 63% residual activity in comparison to control in the presence of n-butanol and after incubation at 80 °C for 1 h, respectively. Our results indicate that our purified recombinant cellobiohydrolase can be used in the biofuel industry. Successful expression of a novel cellobiohydrolase enzyme from Clostridium clariflavum with efficient saccharification potential of plant biomass for the biofuel industry.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Zafar
- Faculty of Life Sciences
- University of Central Punjab
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | | | - Anam Asif
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology
- GC University
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | - Ahmet Karadag
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences
- Yozgat Bozok University
- Yozgat
- Turkey
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Center
- Huazhong Agriculture University
- Wuhan
- China
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail Afzal
- Department of Life Sciences
- School of Science
- University of Management and Technology (UMT)
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | - Attia Hamid
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology
- GC University
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | - Irfana Iqbal
- Department of Zoology
- Lahore College for Women University
- Lahore
- Pakistan
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13
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Characterization of a recombinant zein-degrading protease from Zea mays by Pichia pastoris and its effects on enzymatic hydrolysis of corn starch. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3287-3293. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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14
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Mafa MS, Malgas S, Rashamuse K, Pletschke BI. Delineating functional properties of a cello-oligosaccharide and β-glucan specific cellobiohydrolase (GH5_38): Its synergism with Cel6A and Cel7A for β-(1,3)-(1,4)-glucan degradation. Carbohydr Res 2020; 495:108081. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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15
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Zhang W, Liu C, Qu M, Pan K, OuYang K, Song X, Zhao X. Construction and characterization of a chimeric enzyme of swollenin and xylanase to improve soybean straw hydrolysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:558-564. [PMID: 32311404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A study was carried out to produce a fusion protein (Swo-Xyn) using the Trichoderma reesei swollenin and Lentinula edodes xylanase and to investigate its characteristics and application in degrading soybean straw. In parallel, L. edodes xylanase (Xyn) alone was used as a control protein in application tests. The Swo-Xyn was recombined, expressed and produced by Pichia pastoris and had the maximum activity at 40 °C and pH 3.0 using xylan as substrate. The Swo-Xyn exhibited preferential hydrolysis of Xylan. The Swo-Xyn had slight low Km value (23.90 vs. 25.36 mg/ml) but significantly low Vmax value (162.4 vs. 227.2 μmol/mg·min) and specific activity (18.82 vs. 38.97 U/mg) relative to the Xyn. The Swo-Xyn activity was enhanced by Zn2+ in dose dependent manners with the peak activity at 30 mM of Zn2+. The Swo-Xyn could tolerate 15% of methanol, ethanol, aceton, and DMSO with >60% residual activity. The Swo-Xyn had the greater tolerance to SDS, EDTA, 2-ME than the Xyn and could be activated by DTT, Triton X-100, and Tween 20. Compared with the Xyn, the hydrolysis and sequent cellulose enzymolysis of soybean straw could be better improved by the Swo-Xyn. The Swo-Xyn should be more useful for improving the utilization of soybean straw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Chanjuan Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Kehui OuYang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xiaozhen Song
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China.
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16
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Liu C, Zhang W, Qu M, Pan K, Zhao X. Heterologous Expression of Laccase From Lentinula edodes in Pichia pastoris and Its Application in Degrading Rape Straw. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1086. [PMID: 32528453 PMCID: PMC7264821 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rape straw cannot be efficiently degraded and utilized by ruminants due to its severe lignification and complex cross-linked structure between fiber and lignin. The laccases can catalyze the inter-unit bond cleavage in lignin substrates. Therefore, this study investigated the recombinant laccase from Lentinula edodes (LeLac) and its application in degrading rape straw. The LeLac was expressed using Pichia pastoris. It had the maximum activity at 60°C and pH 3.0 using ABTS as substrate and at 50°C and pH 4.0 using o-tolidine as substrate. The LeLac exhibited preferential oxidation of ABTS and featured resistance to high temperature, but relatively poor thermal stability. The LeLac activity could be strengthened by Cu2+ in dose-dependent manners. The LeLac could tolerate 15% of ethanol and methanol. The optimal pH for the lignin degradation of rape straw acid detergent fiber (ADF) by LeLac was 4.0. The LeLac could improve the cellulose enzymolysis of rape straw ADF by degrading its lignin. Relatively fewer lignin but more soluble phenols from original rape straw were removed by LeLac. The enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis in original rape straw should be a combined result of polyphenols removal and lignin degradation caused by LeLac. This study demonstrated that the LeLac could improve the utilization of rape straw by degrading its lignin, meanwhile it’s worth noting that removing the soluble phenols by LeLac might also play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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17
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Fang S, Chen X, Pan J, Chen Q, Zhou L, Wang C, Xiao T, Gan QF. Dynamic distribution of gut microbiota in meat rabbits at different growth stages and relationship with average daily gain (ADG). BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:116. [PMID: 32410629 PMCID: PMC7227296 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01797-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The mammalian intestinal tract harbors diverse and dynamic microbial communities that play pivotal roles in host health, metabolism, immunity, and development. Average daily gain (ADG) is an important growth trait in meat rabbit industry. The effects of gut microbiota on ADG in meat rabbits are still unknown. Results In this study, we investigated the dynamic distribution of gut microbiota in commercial Ira rabbits from weaning to finishing and uncover the relationship between the microbiota and average daily gain (ADG) via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results indicated that the richness and diversity of gut microbiota significantly increased with age. Gut microbial structure was less variable among finishing rabbits than among weaning rabbits. The relative abundances of the dominant phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia and Cyanobacteria, and the 15 predominant genera significantly varied with age. Metagenomic prediction analysis showed that both KOs and KEGG pathways related to the metabolism of monosaccharides and vitamins were enriched in the weaning rabbits, while those related to the metabolism of amino acids and polysaccharides were more abundant in the finishing rabbits. We identified 34 OTUs, 125 KOs, and 25 KEGG pathways that were significantly associated with ADG. OTUs annotation suggested that butyrate producing bacteria belong to the family Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroidales_S24-7_group were positively associated with ADG. Conversely, Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, and opportunistic pathogens were negatively associated with ADG. Both KOs and KEGG pathways correlated with the metabolism of vitamins, basic amino acids, and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) showed positive correlations with ADG, while those correlated with aromatic amino acids metabolism and immune response exhibited negative correlations with ADG. In addition, our results suggested that 10.42% of the variation in weaning weight could be explained by the gut microbiome. Conclusions Our findings give a glimpse into the dynamic shifts in gut microbiota of meat rabbits and provide a theoretical basis for gut microbiota modulation to improve ADG in the meat rabbit industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoming Fang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiahua Pan
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qiaohui Chen
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liwen Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chongchong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Tianfang Xiao
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Qian Fu Gan
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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18
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Li L, Liu C, Qu M, Zhang W, Pan K, OuYang K, Song X, Zhao X. Characteristics of a recombinant Lentinula edodes endoglucanase and its potential for application in silage of rape straw. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:49-56. [PMID: 31374269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the characteristics of recombinant endoglucanase and its effects on rape straw silage. The endoglucanase from Lentinula edodes (LeCel12A) was produced in Pichia pastoris and shown maximum activity at 40 °C and pH 3.0. The LeCel12A exhibited preferential hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose. The activity of LeCel12A could be enhanced by MnCl2 in dose-dependent manners. Trp22 was a key amino acid affecting LeCel12A activity. The LeCel12A enhanced the hydrolysis of rape straw, rice straw, wheat straw, and corn straw. Supplemental LeCel12A increased lactic acid concentration and reduced lignocellulosic content of the rape straw silage. Though an increase in the saccharification efficiency of LeCel12A-treated rape straw silage was observed when the fibrolytic enzyme loading of hydrolysis system was enough, supplemental LeCel12A did not dramatically enhance the saccharification of rape straw silage in the current study. This study demonstrates that LeCel12A may be useful for improving the utilization of rape straw silage as an additive, but its supplemental dose, cost benefit, and consequent application possibility in biofuel production require careful consideration and further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China; College of Life science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, China
| | - Chanjuan Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Kehui OuYang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xiaozhen Song
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China.
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