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Yang Y, Guo T, Huang F, Zheng H, Li W, Yuan H, Xie Q, Hussain N, Wang W, Jian Y. α-Glucosidase inhibitory flavonol glycosides from Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja and their kinetics characteristics. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 225:114195. [PMID: 38925355 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Seven previously undescribed flavonol glycosides including four rare flavonol glycoside cyclodimers, dicyclopaliosides A-C (1-3) with truxinate type and dicyclopalioside D (4) with truxillate type, as well as three kaempferol glycoside derivatives cyclopaliosides A-C (5-7), were obtained from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and chemical analyses. All compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory α-glucosidase activities. Among them, compounds 1-4 display strong inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 82.76 ± 1.41, 62.70 ± 4.00, 443.35 ± 16.48, and 6.31 ± 0.88 nM, respectively, while compounds 5-7 showed moderate activities with IC50 values of 4.91 ± 0.75, 3.64 ± 0.68, and 5.32 ± 0.53 μΜ, respectively. The structure-activity relationship analysis assumed that the cyclobutane cores likely contribute to the enhancement of α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of dimers. Also, the interaction mechanism between flavonol glycoside dimers and α-glucosidase were explored by the enzyme kinetic assay, indicating that compounds 1-3 exhibited mixed-type inhibition, while 4 showed uncompetitive inhibition. Additionally, the active compounds have also undergone molecular docking evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingsi Guo
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Feibing Huang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zheng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchu Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanwen Yuan
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingling Xie
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Nusrat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Baltistan Skardu, Skardu, 16100, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqing Jian
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Chen N, Jiang T, Xu J, Xi W, Shang E, Xiao P, Duan JA. The relationship between polysaccharide structure and its antioxidant activity needs to be systematically elucidated. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132391. [PMID: 38761914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides have a wide range of applications due to their excellent antioxidant activity. However, the low purity and unclear structure of polysaccharides have led some researchers to be skeptical about the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides. The current reports on the structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides are sporadic, so there is an urgent need to systematically summarize the antioxidant effects of polysaccharides with clear structures and the relationships between the structures to provide a scientific basis for the development and application of polysaccharides. This paper will systematically elucidate the structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides, including the molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage, degree of branching, advanced conformation and chemical modification. For the first time, the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides is related to their chemical structure through histogram and radar map, and further studies using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. We critically discussed how the source, chemical structure and chemically modified groups of polysaccharides significantly contribute to their antioxidant activity and summarized the current research status and shortcomings of the structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides. This review provides a theoretical basis and new perspective for further research on the structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides and the development of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tingyue Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianxin Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjie Xi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Erxin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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3
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Zhang Y, Yang B, Sun W, Sun X, Zhao J, Li Q. Structural characterization of squash polysaccharide and its effect on STZ-induced diabetes mellitus model in MIN6 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132226. [PMID: 38729469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
A novel natural water-soluble acidic polysaccharide (PWESP-3) was isolated from squash with a molecular mass of 140.519 kDa, which was composed of arabinose (Ara, 35.30 mol%), galactose (Gal, 61.20 mol%), glucose (Glc, 1.80 mol%), and Mannuronic acid (ManA, 1.70 mol%) and contained Araf-(1→, →3)-Araf-(1→, →5)-Araf-(1→, Glcp-(1→, Galp-(1→, →3,5)-Araf-(1→, →2)-Glcp-(1→, →2)-Manp-(1→, →3)-Glcp-(1→, →4)-Galp-(1→, →3)-Galp-(1→, →6)-Galp-(1→, →3,4)-Galp-(1→, →4,6)-Galp-(1→ residues in the backbone. Moreover, the structure of PWESP-3 was identified by NMR spectra. The branch chain was connected to the main chain by the O-3 and O-4 atom of Gal. In addition, the effect of PWESP-3 on STZ-induced type I diabetes mellitus model in MIN6 cells was investigated. The results showed that PWESP-3 can increase the viability and insulin secretion of MIN6 cells and reduce the oxidative stress caused by ROS and NO. Meanwhile, PWESP-3 can also reduce the content of ATP, Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential and Caspase-3 activity in MIN6 cells. Furthermore, treatment with PWESP-3 can prevent single or double stranded DNA breaking to form DNA fragments and improve DNA damage in MIN6 cells, thereby avoiding apoptosis. Therefore, the above data highlight that PWESP-3 can improve the function of insulin secretion in STZ-induced MIN6 cells in vitro and can be used as an alternative food supplement to diabetes drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bingjie Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Huage Wugu Holding Co., Ltd., Hebei 061600, China
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China.
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4
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Li P, Jing Y, Qiu X, Xiao H, Zheng Y, Wu L. Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide from Dioscotea opposita. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130734. [PMID: 38462105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The purified polysaccharides fraction, DOP-2, was prepared from Dioscorea opposita Thunb (D. opposita). This study combined in vitro and in vivo experiments to comprehensively investigate the index changes in RAW264.7 cells and immunocompromised mice under DOP-2 intervention, aiming to elucidate the potential mechanisms of immunomodulatory effects of DOP-2. DOP-2 (10 ∼ 500 μg/mL) significantly elevated the levels of NO, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) factors secreted by RAW264.7 cells, and restored the body weight of immunosuppressed mice and improve the degree of injury to the immune organ index, resulting in significant immunomodulatory effects. Notably, DOP-2 promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in immunosuppressed mice and modulated the composition of their gut microflora. These findings highlight the potential benefits of DOP-2 therapy in improving immune function and gut health, and will provide a theoretical basis for the application of D. opposita polysaccharides as an immunomodulatory adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyue Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yongshuai Jing
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xiaoyue Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Huina Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yuguang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China.
| | - Lanfang Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, China.
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5
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Wei L, Huang L, Du L, Sun Q, Chen C, Tang J, Teng J, Wei B. Structural Characterization and In Vitro Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic and Hypolipemic Activities of a Natural Polysaccharide from Liupao Tea. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112226. [PMID: 37297468 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study extracted and purified a natural polysaccharide (TPS-5) that has a molecular weight of 48.289 kDa from Liupao tea, a typical dark tea with many benefits to human health. TPS-5 was characterized as a pectin-type acidic polysaccharide. It has a backbone composed of → 2,4)- α- L-Rhap-(1) → 4)- α- D-GalAp-(1) →, with a branch composed of → 5)- α- L-Ara-(1 → 5,3)- α- L-Ara-(1 → 3)- β- D-Gal-(1 → 3,6)- β- D-Galp-(1) →. The in vitro biological activity evaluation illustrated that TPS-5 has free radical scavenging, ferric-ion-reducing, digestive enzyme inhibitory, and bile-salt-binding abilities. These results suggest that TPS-5 from Liupao tea has potential applications in functional foods or medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wei
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Institute of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Lijuan Du
- Institute of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Qinju Sun
- Institute of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Can Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jie Tang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jianwen Teng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Baoyao Wei
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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6
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Wang Z, Ma X, Shi S, He S, Li J, Wilson G, Cai W, Liu L. Structural Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Novel Polysaccharide from Duhaldea nervosa. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092081. [PMID: 37177224 PMCID: PMC10180711 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a novel water-soluble polysaccharide (DNP-1) was isolated and purified from the root of Duhaldea nervosa via column chromatography. Structural analyses indicated that DNP-1 had a linear backbone consisting of (2→1)-linked β-D- fructofuranosyl residues, ending with a (2→1) bonded α-D-glucopyranose. DNP-1 was a homogeneous polysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3.7 kDa. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of DNP-1 was investigated in vitro. The concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including NO, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-2, and IL-6, in the DNP-1 treatment group was suppressed in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. DNP-1 was able to improve inflammatory injury by inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These investigations into this polysaccharide from the root of Duhaldea nervosa provide a scientific basis for the further development of this plant. The results indicate that this Duhaldea nervosa polysaccharide could be used as a potential natural source for the treatment of inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Xueqin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Silin Shi
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Shuo He
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Jian Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Gidion Wilson
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wei Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Lianghong Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
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7
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Shen Y, Peng Y, Zhu X, Li H, Zhang L, Kong F, Wang J, Yu D. The phytochemicals and health benefits of Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1158158. [PMID: 37090775 PMCID: PMC10115952 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1158158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus (C. paliurus), a nutritional and nutraceutical resource for human and animal diets, has been constantly explored. The available biological components of C. paliurus were triterpenoids, polysaccharides, and flavonoids. Recent studies in phytochemical-phytochemistry; pharmacological-pharmacology has shown that C. paliurus performed medicinal value, such as antihypertensive, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and immunological activities. Furthermore, C. paliurus and its extracts added to drinks would help to prevent and mitigate chronic diseases. This review provides an overview of the nutritional composition and functional applications of C. paliurus, summarizing the research progress on the extraction methods, structural characteristics, and biological activities. Therefore, it may be a promising candidate for developing functional ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. However, a more profound understanding of its active compounds and active mechanisms through which they perform biological activities is required. As a result, the plant needs further investigation in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xucheng Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haimei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fanlei Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Wang,
| | - Di Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Di Yu,
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Bacalzo N, Couture G, Chen Y, Castillo JJ, Phillips KM, Fukagawa NK, Lebrilla CB. Quantitative Bottom-Up Glycomic Analysis of Polysaccharides in Food Matrices Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1008-1015. [PMID: 36542787 PMCID: PMC9850401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are the most abundant biomolecules in nature, and specifically, polysaccharides are present in almost all plants and fungi. Due to their compositional diversity, polysaccharide analysis remains challenging. Compared to other biomolecules, high-throughput analysis for carbohydrates has yet to be developed. To address this gap in analytical science, we have developed a multiplexed, high-throughput, and quantitative approach for polysaccharide analysis in foods. Specifically, polysaccharides were depolymerized using a nonenzymatic chemical digestion process followed by oligosaccharide fingerprinting using high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). Both label-free relative quantitation and absolute quantitation were done based on the abundances of oligosaccharides produced. Method validation included evaluating recovery for a range of polysaccharide standards and a breakfast cereal standard reference material. Nine polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, β-glucan, mannan, galactan, arabinan, xylan, xyloglucan, chitin) were successfully quantitated with sufficient accuracy (5-25% bias) and high reproducibility (2-15% CV). Additionally, the method was used to identify and quantitate polysaccharides from a diverse sample set of food samples. Absolute concentrations of nine polysaccharides from apples and onions were obtained using an external calibration curve, where varietal differences were observed in some of the samples. The methodology developed in this study will provide complementary polysaccharide-level information to deepen our understanding of the interactions of dietary polysaccharides, gut microbial community, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita
P. Bacalzo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Garret Couture
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ye Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Juan J. Castillo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | | | - Naomi K. Fukagawa
- Beltsville
Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA Agricultural
Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Carlito B. Lebrilla
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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9
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Xiaoyan X, Hongxia S, Jiamin G, Huicheng C, Ye L, Qiang X. Antimicrobial peptide HI-3 from Hermetia illucens alleviates inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells via suppression of the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway. Microbiol Immunol 2023; 67:32-43. [PMID: 36226622 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hermetia illucens-3 (HI-3), an active insect antimicrobial peptide extracted from H. illucens larvae, exerts antibacterial and anticancer activity. However, the inflammatory effects and their relative molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To explore the inflammatory effects of HI-3, an inflammatory model was induced using 1 ng/mL LPS in RAW264.7 cells. The cell viability and phagocytosis of LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were then detected after HI-3 treatment. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and the expression levels of both p65 and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκB) were measured. Results showed that HI-3 could inhibit the differentiation, proliferation, phagocytosis, and antioxidant ability, as well as the secretion and messenger RNA expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β of LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. At the same time, the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased after HI-3 treatment. Western blotting results showed that HI-3 suppressed LPS-induced p65 and IκB activation in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, HI-3 exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and the activation of p65 and IκB, which indicated that HI-3 could be a promising therapeutic medicine for inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xiaoyan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Sun Hongxia
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Gao Jiamin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Cui Huicheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Liao Ye
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xia Qiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
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10
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Leng X, Miao W, Li J, Liu Y, Zhao W, Mu Q, Li Q. Physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of grape polysaccharides collected from different cultivars. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112161. [PMID: 36596110 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, four wine grape polysaccharides were extracted and optimized by using an efficient ultrasound-assisted extraction. A three-level, three-factor Box Behnken Design (BBD) combining with response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the extraction conditions including ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time and liquid-to-solid ratio. Furthermore, their physicochemical structures, antioxidant and liver protective activity were investigated and compared. Results revealed that the functional groups and monosaccharide compositions of these grape polysaccharides collected from different varieties were similar. Nevertheless, their molecular weights, molar ratios of monosaccharide compositions and surface morphological features were different. And the antioxidant activities of these polysaccharides were screened by free radical scavenging test. 'Beichun' (BC) and 'Benni fuji' (BF) polysaccharides possessed better antioxidant function. Further, the in vivo evaluation indicated that the polysaccharides of BC and BF have a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury in mice by inhibiting myocardial necroptosis mediated by mitochondrial ROS generation. Therefore, BC and BF grapes have potential applications in the medical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Leng
- Institute of Grape Science and Engineering, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Qingdao), MARA, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wenjun Miao
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jizhen Li
- Institute of Grape Science and Engineering, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Qingdao), MARA, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yuanxia Liu
- Institute of Grape Science and Engineering, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxiafrr Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Qian Mu
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250110, China
| | - Qiu Li
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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11
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Hu TG, Zhu WL, Yu YS, Zou B, Xu YJ, Xiao GS, Wu JJ. The variation on structure and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide during the longan pulp fermentation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:599-609. [PMID: 36170929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, the effects of fermentation manners on the structure and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide in longan wine or vinegar were investigated. Compared to longan polysaccharide (CP1), polysaccharide in longan wine (CP2) or vinegar (CP3 and CP4) had smaller molecular weights, and was consisted of more mannose, arabinose, rhamnose, galactose and less glucose. After purification, the major fraction (P1-P4) was obtained from CP1-CP4, respectively. The structures and immunoregulatory activities of P1-P4 were characterized. Fermentation and purification were favorable to increase the immunoregulatory activities of P2-P4, which were contributed to their different structural features. The structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that molecular weight, mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose and arabinose were significantly associated with the cytokines secretion. Compared with other polysaccharides, P3 displayed better immunomodulatory activity due to its lower molecular weight, lower contents of rhamnose and glucose, and higher levels of mannose and arabinose by activating MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Gen Hu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China; Huagongliya (Foshan) Technology Industry Co., Ltd, China
| | - Wei-Lin Zhu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China
| | - Yuan-Shan Yu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China; Huagongliya (Foshan) Technology Industry Co., Ltd, China.
| | - Bo Zou
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China; Huagongliya (Foshan) Technology Industry Co., Ltd, China
| | - Yu-Juan Xu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China
| | | | - Ji-Jun Wu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China.
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12
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Chemical Structures and Antioxidant Activities of Polysaccharides from Carthamus tinctorius L. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173510. [PMID: 36080585 PMCID: PMC9460231 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Two polysaccharides from Carthamus tinctorius L. (CTLP-1 and CTLP-2) were purified, and their structures were analyzed by physical and chemical testing. CTLP-1 had a mass of 5900 Da that was composed of arabinose, glucose, and galactose with a mass molar ratio of 6.7:4.2:1. The backbone of CTLP-1 was →1)-α-GalAp-(1→4)-α-Arap-(1→2)-α-Glup-(4→. CTLP-2 had a mass of 8200 Da that was composed of arabinose, glucose, and galactose with a mass molar ratio of 16.76:4.28:1. The backbone of CTLP-2 was →1)-α-Galp-(2,6 →1)-α-Arap-(4,6 →1)-α-Glup-(3→. Both of them exhibited a high reducing power, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity, moderate Fe2+ chelating activity and superoxide anion scavenging activity, implying that they might be potential antioxidants.
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13
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Jiang G, Li R, He J, Yang L, Chen J, Xu Z, Zheng B, Yang Y, Xia Z, Tian Y. Extraction, Structural Analysis, and Biofunctional Properties of Exopolysaccharide from Lactiplantibacillus pentosus B8 Isolated from Sichuan Pickle. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152327. [PMID: 35954093 PMCID: PMC9367902 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Two novel exopolysaccharides, named LPB8-0 and LPB8-1, were isolated and purified from Lactiplantibacillus pentosus B8. Moreover, their structure and bioactivities were evaluated through chemical and spectral means. The study results demonstrated that LPB8-0 was primarily composed of mannose and glucose and had an average molecular weight of 1.12 × 104 Da, while LPB8-1 was composed of mannose, glucose, and galactose and had an average molecular weight of 1.78 × 105 Da. Their carbohydrate contents were 96.2% ± 1.0% and 99.1% ± 0.5%, respectively. The backbone of LPB8-1 was composed of (1→2)-linked α-D-Manp and (1→6)-linked α-D-Manp. LPB8-0 and LPB8-1 had semicrystalline structures with good thermal stability (308.3 and 311.7 °C, respectively). SEM results displayed that both LPB8-0 and LPB8-1 had irregular thin-slice shapes and spherical body structures. Additionally, an emulsifying ability assay confirmed that LPB8-0 and LPB8-1 had good emulsifying activity against several edible oils, and this activity was retained under acidic, neutral, and high temperature conditions. Furthermore, an antioxidant assay confirmed that LPB8-1 had stronger scavenging activity than LPB8-0. Overall, these results provide a theoretical basis for the potential application of these two novel exopolysaccharides as natural antioxidants and emulsifiers in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Jiang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ran Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
| | - Juan He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bijun Zheng
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yichen Yang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhongmei Xia
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nucleic Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yongqiang Tian
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-028-85461102
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14
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Qiu M, Peng J, Deng H, Chang Y, Hu D, Pan W, Wu H, Xiao H. The Leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus: A Functional Tea with Preventive and Therapeutic Potential of Type 2 Diabetes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1447-1473. [PMID: 35770726 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a universal and chronic global public health concern and causes multiple complex complications. In order to meet the rapidly growing demand for T2DM treatment, increased research has been focused on hypoglycemic drugs. Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinsk is the only living species of the genus Cyclocarya Iljinskaja, whose leaves have been extensively used as a functional tea to treat obesity and diabetes in China. An enormous amount of very recent pharmacological research on the leaves of C. paliurus has demonstrated that they carry out numerous biological activities, such as hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and intestinal microbiota regulation. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have also shown that the extracts of C. paliurus leaves are innocuous and safe. This study aims to provide an up-to-date review of the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects against diabetes, toxicology, and clinical studies of C. paliurus leaves, in hopes of promoting a better understanding of their role in the prevention and treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Huan Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Die Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P. R. China
| | - Haiqiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
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15
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Yang M, Tao L, Kang XR, Li LF, Zhao CC, Wang ZL, Sheng J, Tian Y. Recent developments in Moringa oleifera Lam. polysaccharides: A review of the relationship between extraction methods, structural characteristics and functional activities. Food Chem X 2022; 14:100322. [PMID: 35571331 PMCID: PMC9092490 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera Lam) is a perennial tropical deciduous tree that belongs to the Moringaceae family. Polysaccharides are one of the major bioactive compounds in M. oleifera Lam and show immunomodulatory, anticancer, antioxidant, intestinal health protection and antidiabetic activities. At present, the structure and functional activities of M. oleifera Lam polysaccharides (MOPs) have been widespread, but the research data are relatively scattered. Moreover, the relationship between the structure and biological activities of MOPs has not been summarized. In this review, the current research on the extraction, purification, structural characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides from different sources of M. oleifera Lam were summarized, and the structural characteristics of purified polysaccharides were focused on this review. Meanwhile, the biological activities of MOPs were introduced, and some molecular mechanisms were listed. In addition, the relationship between the structure and biological activities of MOPs was discussed. Furthermore, new perspectives and some future research of M. oleifera Lam polysaccharides were proposed in this review.
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Key Words
- ABTS, 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
- AKP, Alkaline phosphatase
- ALT, Alanine aminotransferase
- AST, Asparate aminotransferase
- Ara, Arabinose
- BUN, Blood urea nitrogen
- Bax, Bcl2-associated X protein
- Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma
- Biological activities
- CCl4, Carbon tetrachloride
- COX-2, Cyclooxygenase-2
- Caspase-3, Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3
- Caspase-9, Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 9
- DPPH, 2.2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl radical
- EAE, Enzyme-assisted extraction
- FRAP, Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power
- FTIR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- Future trends
- GC, Gas chromatography
- GC–MS, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- GSH-Px, Glutathione peroxidase
- Gal, Galactose
- Glc, Glucose
- HDL, High-density Lipoprotein
- HPGPC, High-performance gel permeation chromatography
- HPLC, High performance liquid chromatography
- HepG2, Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line
- IL-10, Interleukin-10
- IL-1β, Interleukin 1β
- IL-2, Interleukin-2
- IL-6, Interleukin-6
- LDL, Low-density Lipoprotein
- LPS, Lipopolysaccharide
- M. oleifera Lam, Moringa oleifera Lam.
- MAE, Microwave-assisted extraction
- MDA, Malondialdehyde
- MOPs, Moringa oleifera Lam polysaccharides
- MS, Mass spectrometry
- MTT, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide
- MW, Molecular weight
- Man, Mannose
- Moringa oleifera Lam
- NF-κB, Nuclear factor kappa-B
- NK, Natural killer cell
- NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance
- NO, Nitric oxide
- PLE, Pressurized liquid extraction
- Polysaccharides
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- Rha, Rhamnose
- SCFAs, Short-chain fatty acids
- SOD, Superoxide dismutase
- Structure characteristics
- Structure-biological relationship
- TC, Total Cholesterol
- TG, Triglycerides
- TNF-α, Tumour necrosis factor-α
- TOF, Time of flight
- UAE, Ultrasound-assisted extraction
- V/C, Ileum crypt and villus length
- WAE, Water-assisted extraction
- Xyl, Xylose
- iNOS, Inducible nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xin-Rui Kang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling-Fei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Cun-Chao Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zi-Lin Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yang Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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16
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Ge Z, Chen X, Yang R, Li W, Yin B, Li Z, Dong M. Structure of a unique fucose-containing exopolysaccharide from Sayram ketteki yoghurt and its anti-MRSA biofilm effect. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:643-654. [PMID: 35777514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we reported an in situ exopolysaccharide (in situ-EPS1) containing rare fucose produced by Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1 in Sayram ketteki yoghurt, which made it unique. Its fine structure was characterized by GPC, HPLC, FT-IR, GC-MS,1HNMR and 13CNMR together with two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectra. The results revealed that in situ-EPS1 was a new heteropolysaccharide with molecular weight of 1.06 × 105 Da, and was composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucose, galactose and fucose with the following repeating units. Furthermore, the in situ-EPS1 exhibited significant antibiofilm effect against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Notably, the in situ-EPS1 did not interfere with the planktonic growth of MRSA strain, whereas inhibited its cell metabolic activity and the transcription of genes related to biofilm formation. This unique antibiofilm but non-antibacterial mechanism supposedly prevented the development of bacterial drug resistance, which may open a new door to fight against these drug-resistant microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Ge
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Renqin Yang
- Yangzhou Kangyuan Dairy Co., Ltd., Yangzhou University, No. 88, Dingxing Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Baixing Yin
- Yangzhou Kangyuan Dairy Co., Ltd., Yangzhou University, No. 88, Dingxing Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingsheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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17
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Zheng Q, Chen J, Yuan Y, Zhang X, Li L, Zhai Y, Gong X, Li B. Structural characterization, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of polysaccharides from Plumula Nelumbinis. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:111-122. [PMID: 35594937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A polysaccharide from Plumula Nelumbinis (PNP), was isolated and purified. PNP had a molecular weight of 450 kDa and consisted five monosaccharides, including rhamnose, galacturonic acid, xylose, galactose, and arabinose. The methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis revealed that the main glycosidic linkage types of PNP were →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→, β-D-Xylp-(→1, →3,4)-β-D-Rhap-(1→, →4)-β-D-GalpA-(1→. In the range of 25-1200 μg/mL, PNP had no cytotoxicity to RAW264.7 cells. PNP could protect RAW264.7 cell from oxidative damage by reducing the production of ROS and MDA and the secretion of LDH, enhancing the activity of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, and increasing the content of GSH. Anti-inflammatory activity experiments showed that PNP inhibited the expression of NO, TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6. PNP could inhibit the activation of MAPK/NF-κB cell pathways. PNP could be used as a potential natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substance in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Juncheng Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, College Road 1, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao Gong
- Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
| | - Bing Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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18
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Chen Z, Jian Y, Wu Q, Wu J, Sheng W, Jiang S, Shehla N, Aman S, Wang W. Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja: Botany, Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114912. [PMID: 34906638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja (C. paliurus) also known as Sweet tea tree, Money tree, Money willow, green money plum, mountain willow and shanhua tree, is a native rare monocotyledonous plant in Southern China. It possesses numerous traditional benefits, including clearing heat, detoxification, producing saliva, slake thirst, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, dispelling wind and relieving itching. It is also effective in preventing and treating diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, dizziness and swelling and pain, as well as reducing cholesterol, and modulating the functions of the immune system. The stem, leaves and bark of this plant are all medicinal parts, but the leaves have the highest research value. AIM OF THE STUDY This article summarized the plant's botanical description, distribution, ethnopharmacology, phytochemical profiles and pharmacological for the first time, to provide possible directions for future development and research in brief. MATERIAL AND METHODS The literature for this current manuscript was obtained from reports published from 1992 to May 2021 in diverse databases such as the China Knowledge Resource Integrated databases (CNKI), SciFinder, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Elsevier and Pub-Med. The domestic and foreign references published about C. paliurus over recent years were collected, analyzed and summarized. RESULTS The botanical characteristics of the fruits of C. paliurus are unique in having a central nutlet surrounded by a circular wing to distinguish the living genera of Juglandaceae. In traditional medicine, C. paliurus leaves are used by the local people of Southern China to make tea to prevent diabetes. More than 210 compounds have been isolated from C. paliurus. Among them, the characteristic 3,4-seco-dammaranes accounted for the most. Other compounds include dammarane tetracyclic triterpenoids, various pentacyclic triterpenoids, flavonoids, isosclerones, phenolic derivatives and polysaccharides. The plant extracts and compounds have been reported to exert various pharmacological activities, such as anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-cancer, cytotoxic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anti-microbial activities. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive literature analysis shows that C. paliurus extract and its compounds have a variety of biological activities for the treatment of various diseases. The current modern pharmacology research is mostly related to the records of ethnic pharmacology, mainly in vitro research, relatively few in vivo research. Therefore, future studies should focus on this aspect. In addition, we also would like to recommend further research should concentrate on toxicity studies and quality control of C. paliurus to fill the study gap, as well as to provide theoretical support for the further development of the potential functions and clinical applications of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuliang Chen
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Yuqing Jian
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Qian Wu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Jia Wu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Wenbing Sheng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Sai Jiang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Nuzhat Shehla
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Aman
- Dow College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China.
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19
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Xiang XW, Wang R, Chen H, Chen YF, Shen GX, Liu SL, Sun PL, Chen L. Structural characterization of a novel marine polysaccharide from mussel and its antioxidant activity in RAW264.7 cells induced by H2O2. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Zheng Y, Li S, Li C, Shao Y, Chen A. Polysaccharides from Spores of Cordyceps cicadae Protect against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression and Oxidative Stress in Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11040515. [PMID: 35205991 PMCID: PMC8871426 DOI: 10.3390/foods11040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the purification, preliminary structure and in vivo immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides from the spores of Cordyceps cicadae (CCSP). The crude CCSP was purified by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cellulose and Sephadex G-100 chromatography, affording CCSP-1, CCSP-2 and CCSP-3 with molecular weights of 1.79 × 106, 5.74 × 104 and 7.93 × 103 Da, respectively. CCSP-2 consisted of mannose and glucose, while CCSP-1 and CCSP-3 are composed of three and four monosaccharides with different molar ratios, respectively. CCSP-2 exhibited its ameliorative effects in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice through significantly increasing spleen and thymus indices, enhancing macrophage phagocytic activity, stimulating splenocyte proliferation, improving natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity, improving bone marrow suppression, regulating the secretion of cytokines and immunoglobulins, and modulating antioxidant enzyme system. These results indicate that CCSP-2 might be exploited as a promising natural immunomodulator.
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21
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Mu D, Yang H, Feng Y, Ji R, Wu R, Wu J. Preparation, structural characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharides from mulberry (Mori Fructus). FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Hu D, Su F, Yang G, Wang J, Zhang Y. Purification, Structural Characterization, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Novel Polysaccharide Isolated from Orostachys fimbriata. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237116. [PMID: 34885697 PMCID: PMC8659062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study elucidated the structural characteristics and anti-inflammatory activity of a novel polysaccharide isolated from Orostachys fimbriata, which is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. O. fimbriata polysaccharide (OFP) was extracted and subsequently purified by chromatography using a DEAE cellulose-52 and Sephadex G-75 column. The molecular weight was determined as 6.2 kDa. HPGPC and monosaccharide composition analysis revealed a homogeneous polysaccharide containing only Glc. Chromatography and spectral analysis showed that the possible chemical structure consisted of →4)-α-Glcp-(1→ and a small quantity of →4,6)-β-Glcp-(1→ in the main chain and →6)-β-Glcp-(1→, α-Glcp-(1→, and β-Glcp-(1→ in the side chain. Morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated that OFP had a multi-branched structure, and the sugar chain molecules of polysaccharide appeared aggregated. OFP was found to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the secretion of inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 cells and by decreasing the extent of xylene-induced ear swelling in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datong Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (D.H.); (F.S.); (G.Y.)
| | - Fan Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (D.H.); (F.S.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (D.H.); (F.S.); (G.Y.)
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (D.H.); (F.S.); (G.Y.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yingying Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.Z.)
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23
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Zhang Z, Huang X, Li S, Luo K. Determining the Structure and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Sulfated Polysaccharides from
Cardamine hupingshanensis. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zimu Zhang
- College of Biology and Science Technology Hubei min Zu University Enshi 445000 China
| | - Xiufang Huang
- College of Biology and Science Technology Hubei min Zu University Enshi 445000 China
| | - Shichan Li
- College of Biology and Science Technology Hubei min Zu University Enshi 445000 China
| | - Kai Luo
- College of Biology and Science Technology Hubei min Zu University Enshi 445000 China
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24
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Yang Z, Zhao J, Li J, Wang J, Wang W. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of high-fat emulsion-induced hyperlipidemia mice intervened by a polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal) Iljinskaja. Food Chem Toxicol 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2021.112230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Yang Z, Zhao J, Li J, Wang J, Wang W. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of high-fat emulsion-induced hyperlipidemia mice intervened by a polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal) Iljinskaja. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112230. [PMID: 33878369 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide DNA methylation was used to study the lipid-lowering effect of Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal) Iljinskaja polysaccharide (CPP). The objective of this study was to investigate the hypolipidemic effects and the potential underlying mechanisms of action of CPP-2 in high-fat emulsion (HFE)-induced mice. The results showed that CPP-2 reduced the level of genome-wide DNA methylation in the liver of HFE-induced mice, which had a lipid-lowering effect by regulating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling-, fatty acid metabolism-, fatty acid biosynthesis- and adipocytokine signaling pathways. A series of lipid metabolism genes were screened out by conjoint analysis of the Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Hereafter, fatty acid synthase (FAS) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α (PPARα) as target genes were selected to validate the accuracy of the results. The findings demonstrated that CPP-2 might be effective in lowering the lipid content, thereby protecting against HFE-induced hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Yang
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Guang' an Vocation &Technical College, Guang' an 638000, China
| | - Jing'en Li
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jin Wang
- The State Centre of Quality Supervision and Inspection for Camellia Products (Jiangxi), Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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26
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Structural characterization of Alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus polysaccharide 2 and its activation effects on RAW264.7 macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107708. [PMID: 33915496 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are important components of Alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus that have been shown to exhibit significant immunomodulatory activity in our previous study. However, whether and how A. oxyphyllae fructus polysaccharides (AOFP) affect macrophages has not been determined. To further study the immunomodulatory activity of AOFP, the effect of AOFP on RAW264.7 cell activation was investigated in the present work. The results showed that AOFP2 significantly increased the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 macrophages. AOFP2 promoted the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β, NO and iNOS and enhanced the Th2-type immune response via its activation effect on macrophages. Additionally, the structure of AOFP2 was characterized in the present study, as the structural features of polysaccharides determine their biological activities. AOFP2 was only composed of glucose, exhibiting an average molecular weight of 44.3 kDa. Furthermore, the infrared spectroscopy, methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance results indicated that AOFP2 consisted of → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → and T-α-Glcp.
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27
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Liu Y, Zheng GT, Zhang XX, Zhang XT, Shang XL, Fang SZ, Zhang J, Yin ZQ. Two new triterpenoids from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:3938-3944. [PMID: 33719794 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1900845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Two previously undescribed triterpenoids (1-2), along with thirteen known compounds (3-15) were isolated from a CHCl3-soluble extract of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic approaches. These compounds were assessed for their therapeutic effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN)-evoked fibrosis through High-Glucose and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) challenged HK-2 cells. Among them, compounds 3, 5 and 8 could remarkedly decrease the level of fibronectin to relieve DN with 27.66 ± 2.77%, 6.09 ± 0.57% and 17.74 ± 5.83% inhibition rate at 10 μM, 10 μM and 1 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Tao Zheng
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Xuan Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Tao Zhang
- Nanjing Haijing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Lan Shang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Zuo Fang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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28
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Meng-Zhao, Yi-Han, Li J, Qi-An, Ye X, Xiang-Li, Zhao Z, Yang-Zhang, Jing-He, Qihuan, Deng, Wang W. Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of an acetylated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide (Ac-CPP 0.1). Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:112-122. [PMID: 33418037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the primary structure of an acetylated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide (Ac-CPP0.1) and its protective effect on H2O2-treated dendritic cells. The backbone of Ac-CPP0.1 was →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→, with some branches α-L-Araf-(1→ residues at O-6 and O-5, β-D-Galp-(1→ and 3,5,6)-β-D-Galf-(1 residues at O-4 and acetyl groups were substituted at the O-2 and O-6 positions of 3)-β-D-Galp-(1 residues. The CPP0.1 and Ac-CPP0.1 significantly increased the levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase on H2O2-treated dendritic cells. Meanwhile, both CPP0.1 and Ac-CPP0.1 up-regulated the expression of Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) and down-regulated the Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1), but Ac-CPP0.1 had a better effect on antioxidant capacity. These results indicated that potential application of Ac-CPP0.1 as an antioxidant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Zhao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yi-Han
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jing'en Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Qi-An
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ximei Ye
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiang-Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yang-Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jing-He
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Qihuan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Deng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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29
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Meng-Zhao, Yi-Han, Li J, Qi-An, Ye X, Xiang-Li, Zhao Z, Yang-Zhang, Jing-He, Qihuan, Deng, Wang W. Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of an acetylated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide (Ac-CPP0.1). Int J Biol Macromol 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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30
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Zhu YM, Pan LC, Zhang LJ, Yin Y, Zhu ZY, Sun HQ, Liu CY. Chemical structure and antioxidant activity of a polysaccharide from Siraitia grosvenorii. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1900-1910. [PMID: 33096178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel polysaccharide from Siraitia grosvenorii residues (SGP, molecular weight 1.93 × 103 KDa) was isolated and purified. SGP was composed of α-L-Arabinose, α-D-Mannose, α-d-Glucose, α-D-Galactose, Glucuronic acid, and Galacturonic acid with the ratio of 1: 1.92: 3.98: 7.63: 1.85: 7.34. The backbone of SGP was consist of galactoses and linked by α-(1,4)-glycosidic bond. The branch chains including α-1,6 linked glucose branch, α-1,6 linked mannose branch, α-1,3 linked galactose branch and arabinose branched (α-L-Ara(1→). The results of bioactivity experiments suggested that SGP had antioxidant in vitro, especially on scavenging DPPH radicals. Besides, SGP resulted in the decrease of ROS and the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells in a dose-dependent manner in H2O2 oxide injury PC12 cells. This research could help to develop the potential value and utilization of Siraitia grosvenorii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Li-Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Hui-Qing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Chun-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
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31
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Li F, Feng KL, Yang JC, He YS, Guo H, Wang SP, Gan RY, Wu DT. Polysaccharides from dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum) leaves: Insights into innovative drying techniques on their structural characteristics and biological activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:995-1005. [PMID: 33188812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to well understand the impacts of innovative drying techniques (radio frequency drying and microwave drying) and traditional drying techniques (vacuum drying, freezing drying, and hot air drying) on the structural characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from dandelion leaves (DLPs). Five different DLPs were obtained from dandelion leaves dried by abovementioned drying techniques. Results showed that the structural characteristics and bioactivities of DLPs varied with different drying techniques. The molecular weights, apparent viscosities, molar ratios of constituent monosaccharide, contents of uronic acids, and contents of bonded polyphenolics in DLPs obtained by different drying techniques had noticeable variations, while the types of constituent monosaccharides and the major glycosidic linkages in DLPs were similar. In addition, results showed that DLPs, especially DLP-RF obtained by the radio frequency drying, exhibited remarkable antioxidant activities (ABTS, DPPH, and NO radical scavenging activities), excellent in vitro antiglycation activity, and obvious in vitro inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase. Results from this study suggest that the radio frequency drying can be used as a potential drying technique before extracting DLPs for applications in the functional food and medicine industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Li
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Kang-Lin Feng
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian-Chun Yang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan-Shu He
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China; Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, Sichuan, China
| | - Sheng-Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China.
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32
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The Antioxidant Capacity In Vitro and In Vivo of Polysaccharides From Bergenia emeiensis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207456. [PMID: 33050354 PMCID: PMC7589108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Bergenia emeiensis (PBE) showed a robust antioxidant ability on scavenging free radicals in vitro. However, the further antioxidant potential in cell level and in vivo was still unknown. Therefore, in this present study, the protective effect of PBE on human cervical carcinoma cell (Hela) cells and Caenorhabditis elegans against oxidative stress was evaluated. The results showed PBE could reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in Hela cells and promote the mitochondrial membrane potential. Then, the cell apoptosis was reduced. Moreover, PBE could enhance the survival of C. elegans under thermal stress to 13.44%, and significantly reduce the ROS level, which was connected with the overexpression of sod-3 and the increased nuclear localization of daf-16 transcription factor. Therefore, PBE exhibited a strong antioxidant capacity in the cellular level and for a whole organism. Thus, polysaccharides from B. emeiensis have natural potential to be a safe antioxidant.
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33
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Structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng residue and its immunomodulatory activity on bone marrow dendritic cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:797-809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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34
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Kakar MU, Naveed M, Saeed M, Zhao S, Rasheed M, Firdoos S, Manzoor R, Deng Y, Dai R. A review on structure, extraction, and biological activities of polysaccharides isolated from Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:420-429. [PMID: 32289423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus is essential and only living specie of the genus Cyclocarya Iljinskaja. The leaves of this plant have been extensively used as food in the form of tea and green vegetable. Many compounds have been isolated from this plant, and their useful aspects explored, including the polysaccharides. Studies conducted on leaves show that different methods of extraction have been used, as well as a combination of different techniques that have been applied to isolate polysaccharides from the leaves. Their structure has been elucidated because the activity of polysaccharides mainly depends upon their composition. It has been reported that different activities exhibited by the isolated crude, purified as well as modified polysaccharides include, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-diabetic activities. In some studies, a comparison of crude extract, as well as purified polysaccharide, has been performed. In this review, we have summarized all the available literature available on the methods of extraction, structure, and biological activities of polysaccharides from the leaves of C. paliurus and indicated the potential research areas that should be focused on future studies. We believe that this review will provide an up to date knowledge regarding polysaccharides of C. paliurus for the researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohib Ullah Kakar
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceutical, Beijing Institute of Technology, (BIT), Beijing 100081, PR China; Faculty of Marine Sciences, the Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, (LUAWMS), Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, The Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shicong Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceutical, Beijing Institute of Technology, (BIT), Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Madiha Rasheed
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceutical, Beijing Institute of Technology, (BIT), Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Sundas Firdoos
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceutical, Beijing Institute of Technology, (BIT), Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Robina Manzoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceutical, Beijing Institute of Technology, (BIT), Beijing 100081, PR China; Faculty of Marine Sciences, the Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, (LUAWMS), Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Yulin Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceutical, Beijing Institute of Technology, (BIT), Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Rongji Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceutical, Beijing Institute of Technology, (BIT), Beijing 100081, PR China.
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