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Annemer S, Ez-Zoubi A, Ez Zoubi Y, Satrani B, Stambouli H, Assouguem A, Ullah R, Bouayoun T, Fettoukh N, Farah A. Optimization and antifungal efficacy against brown rot fungi of combined Salvia rosmarinus and Cedrus atlantica essential oils encapsulated in Gum Arabic. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19548. [PMID: 37945688 PMCID: PMC10636173 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The stability, sensitivity, and volatility of essential oils are some of their most serious limitations, and nanoencapsulation has been considered one of the most effective techniques for solving these problems. This research aimed to investigate the incorporation of Salvia rosmarinus Speen and Cedrus atlantica Manetti (MEO) essential oil mixture in Gum Arabic (GA) and to evaluate nanoencapsulation's ability to promote antifungal activity against two brown rot fungi responsible for wood decay Gloeophyllum trabeum and Poria placenta. The optimization of encapsulation efficiency was performed using response surface methodology (RSM) with two parameters: solid-to-solid (MEO/GA ratio) and solid-to-liquid (MEO/ethanol). The recovered powder characterization was followed by various techniques using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The optimal nanoencapsulating conditions obtained from RSM were ratios of MEO/GA of 1:10 (w/w) and MEO/ethanol of 10% (v/v), which provided the greatest encapsulation efficiency (87%). The results of SEM, XRD, DLS, FTIR, and TGA showed that the encapsulation of MEO using GA modified particle form and molecular structure and increased thermal stability. An antifungal activity assay indicated that an effective concentration of MEO had an inhibitory effect on brown rot fungi. It had 50% of the maximal effect (EC50) value of 5.15 ± 0.88 µg/mL and 12.63 ± 0.65 µg/mL for G. trabeum and P. placenta, respectively. Therefore, this product has a great potential as a natural wood preservative for sustainable construction and green building.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoussan Annemer
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, B P 2202, Fez, Morocco
| | - Amine Ez-Zoubi
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, B P 2202, Fez, Morocco
| | - Yassine Ez Zoubi
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, B P 2202, Fez, Morocco
- Biotechnology, Environmental Technology and Valorization of Bio-Resources Team, Department of Biology. Laboratory of Research and Development in Engineering Sciences Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Al-Hoceima, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Badr Satrani
- Forestry Research Center - Rabat, Avenue Omar Ibn Al Khattab, BP 763, 10050, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hamid Stambouli
- Forensic Sciences Institute of Royal Gendarmerie, Rabat-Institut, BP 6597, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amine Assouguem
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Street, 30000, Fez, Morocco
- Department of Tourism and Culinary Management, Faculty of Economics, University of Food Technologies, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 4545, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taoufik Bouayoun
- Forensic Sciences Institute of Royal Gendarmerie, Rabat-Institut, BP 6597, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nezha Fettoukh
- Forensic Sciences Institute of Royal Gendarmerie, Rabat-Institut, BP 6597, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Farah
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, B P 2202, Fez, Morocco.
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Alnasser SM, Azam F, Alqarni MH, Aodah AH, Hashmi S, Kamal M, Meshal A, Alam A. Development and Evaluation of Novel Encapsulated Isoeugenol-Liposomal Gel Carrier System for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030228. [PMID: 36975677 PMCID: PMC10048158 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria have seriously threatened the health and safety of the world’s population. This challenge demands the development of alternative therapies based on plant origin. This molecular docking study ascertained the orientation and intermolecular interactions of isoeugenol within penicillin-binding protein 2a. In this present work, isoeugenol as an anti-MRSA therapy was selected by encapsulating it into a liposomal carrier system. After encapsulation into the liposomal carrier, it was evaluated for encapsulation efficiency (%), particle size, zeta potential, and morphology. The percentage entrapment efficiency (% EE) was observed to be 57.8 ± 2.89% with a particle size of 143.31 ± 7.165 nm, a zeta potential of (−)25 mV, and morphology was found to be spherical and smooth. After this evaluation, it was incorporated into a 0.5% Carbopol gel for a smooth and uniform distribution on the skin. Notably, the isoeugenol-liposomal gel was smooth on the surface with a pH of 6.4, suitable viscosity, and spreadability. Interestingly, the developed isoeugenol-liposomal gel was safe for human use, with more than 80% cell viability. The in vitro drug release study shows promising results with 75.95 ± 3.79% of drug release after 24 h. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 8.236 µg/mL. Based on this, it can be concluded that encapsulating isoeugenol into the liposomal gel is a potential carrier for MRSA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman Mohammed Alnasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain H. Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Hashmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alotaibi Meshal
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 39911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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Shi Z, Li W, Wang A, Wang Y, Pi H, Liu H, Chen H, Li P, Jiang X. Inclusion Complexes of Photosensitizers with Cyclodextrins for Enhancing the Fabrication of Volume Grating. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:11076-11083. [PMID: 36790868 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A supramolecule photosensitizer (supra-photosensitizer) based on the host-guest complexation of cyclodextrins and a bis-chalcone dye (BDEA) was prepared. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD), with the highest inclusion rate, was confirmed as the best host among the four cyclodextrins. The host-guest properties of Me-β-CD and BDEA were characterized by FTIR, XRD, 1H NMR, PLQY, SEM, Job's plot, Benesi-Hildebrand plot, and others. Compared to the conventional photosensitizers, the supra-photosensitizers showed higher fluorescence emission and longer fluorescence lifetime whether as a powder or distributed in a film. The improvement in fluorescence coincided with improvement in photoinitiation efficiency and was proven to enhance the generation of volume grating. It is expected that the supra-photosensitizer may open a new avenue for the design of high-performance photoinitiation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Azhu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhe Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Huishi Pi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Huicong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Haining Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Li
- Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, High-tech Industrial Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- Department of Information Communication, Army Academy of Armored Forces, Beijing 100072, People's Republic of China
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Hofbauerová M, Rusková M, Puškárová A, Bučková M, Annušová A, Majková E, Šiffalovič P, Granata G, Napoli E, Geraci C, Pangallo D. Protection and Disinfection Activities of Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils Encapsulated in Poly(ε-caprolactone) Nanocapsules. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031018. [PMID: 36770684 PMCID: PMC9919372 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The biocolonization of building materials by microorganisms is one of the main causes of their degradation. Fungi and bacteria products can have an undesirable impact on human health. The protection and disinfection of sandstone and wood materials are of great interest. In this study, we evaluated the protection and disinfection activity of oregano and thyme essential oils encapsulated in poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocapsules (Or-NCs, Th-NCs) against four types of environmental microorganisms: Pleurotus eryngii, Purpureocillium lilacinum (fungal strains), Pseudomonas vancouverensis, and Flavobacterium sp. (bacterial strains). The surfaces of sandstone and whitewood samples were inoculated with these microorganisms before or after applying Or-NCs and Th-NCs. The concentration-dependent effect of Or-NCs and Th-NCs on biofilm viability was determined by the MTT reduction assay. The results showed that Or-NCs and Th-NCs possess effective disinfection and anti-biofilm activity. Diffuse reflectivity measurements revealed no visible color changes of the materials after the application of the nanoencapsulated essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Hofbauerová
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Magdaléna Rusková
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, SK-84551 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Puškárová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, SK-84551 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Bučková
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, SK-84551 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Adriana Annušová
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Majková
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Šiffalovič
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84511 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Giuseppe Granata
- Istituto Chimica Biomolecolare-Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Edoardo Napoli
- Istituto Chimica Biomolecolare-Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Corrada Geraci
- Istituto Chimica Biomolecolare-Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Domenico Pangallo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, SK-84551 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
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Woźniak M. Antifungal Agents in Wood Protection—A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196392. [PMID: 36234929 PMCID: PMC9570806 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The biodegradation of wood and wood products caused by fungi is recognized as one of the most significant problems worldwide. To extend the service life of wood products, wood is treated with preservatives, often with inorganic compounds or synthetic pesticides that have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, the development of new, environmentally friendly wood preservatives is being carried out in research centers around the world. The search for natural, plant, or animal derivatives as well as obtaining synthetic compounds that will be safe for humans and do not pollute the environment, while at the same time present biological activity is crucial in terms of environmental protection. The review paper presents information in the literature on the substances and chemical compounds of natural origin (plant and animal derivatives) and synthetic compounds with a low environmental impact, showing antifungal properties, used in research on the ecological protection of wood. The review includes literature reports on the potential application of various antifungal agents including plant extracts, alkaloids, essential oils and their components, propolis extract, chitosan, ionic liquids, silicon compounds, and nanoparticles as well as their combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Woźniak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60625 Poznań, Poland
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6
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Cai L, Kuo CJ. Epsilon poly-L-lysine as a novel antifungal agent for sustainable wood protection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:908541. [PMID: 36160267 PMCID: PMC9490314 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.908541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a growing interest in seeking natural and biobased preservatives to prevent the wood from deteriorating during its service life, thereby prolonging carbon storage in buildings. This study aims to assess the in vitro and in vivo antifungal properties of epsilon poly-L-lysine (EPL), a secondary metabolite from Actinomyces, against four common wood-inhabiting fungi, including two brown-rot fungi, Gloeophyllum trabeum (GT) and Rhodonia placenta (RP), and two white-rot fungi, Trametes versicolor (TV) and Irpex lacteus (IL), which has rarely been reported. Our results indicate that these fungi responded differently due to EPL treatment. From the in vitro study, the minimal inhibitory concentration of EPL against GT, TV, and IL was determined to be 3 mg/ml, while that of RP was 5 mg/ml. EPL treatment also affects the morphology of fungal hyphae, changing from a smooth surface with a tubular structure to twisted and deformed shapes. Upon EPL treatment with wood samples (in vivo), it was found that EPL could possibly form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxy groups in wood and was uniformly distributed across the transverse section of the wood samples, as indicated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy analyses, respectively. Compared with control wood samples with a mass loss of over 15% across different fungi, wood samples treated with 1% EPL showed negligible or very low (<8%) mass loss. In addition, the thermal stability of EPL-treated wood was also improved by 50%. This study suggests that EPL could be a promising alternative to traditional metallic-based wood preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cai
- Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
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7
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Pickering emulsions stabilized by β-cyclodextrin and cinnamaldehyde essential oil/β-cyclodextrin composite: A comparison study. Food Chem 2022; 377:131995. [PMID: 34990944 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Here, a cinnamaldehyde essential oil (CEO)/β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite with a high embedding rate (91.74 ± 0.82%) was prepared. Its structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Pickering emulsions prepared by β-CD and CEO/β-CD at different concentrations (1-5%) were comparatively investigated. The CEO/β-CD emulsions had better storage stability. Rheological results confirmed the emulsions were all gel-like elastic emulsions and had shear thinning phenomenon. Fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results confirmed that the most of excessive β-CD was adsorbed on the surface of emulsion droplets as crystals, formed thick protective shell in β-CD emulsions, while the most of excessive composites were distributed in the aqueous phase forming a stable network structure in CEO/β-CD emulsions. It caused these two emulsions had different rheological properties, and different changing trends in droplet size.
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8
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Tian B, Liu J, Liu Y, Wan JB. Integrating diverse plant bioactive ingredients with cyclodextrins to fabricate functional films for food application: a critical review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7311-7340. [PMID: 35253547 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The popularity of plant bioactive ingredients has become increasingly apparent in the food industry. However, these plant bioactive ingredients have many deficiencies, including low water solubility, poor stability, and unacceptable odor. Cyclodextrins (CDs), as cyclic molecules, have been extensively studied as superb vehicles of plant bioactive ingredients. These CD inclusion compounds could be added into various film matrices to fabricate bioactive food packaging materials. Therefore, in the present review, we summarized the extraction methods of plant bioactive ingredients, the addition of these CD inclusion compounds into thin-film materials, and their applications in food packaging. Furthermore, the release model and mechanism of active film materials based on various plant bioactive ingredients with CDs were highlighted. Finally, the current challenges and new opportunities based on these film materials have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingren Tian
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiayue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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9
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Chen S, Li Z, Gu Z, Ban X, Hong Y, Cheng L, Li C. Immobilization of β-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase on gelatin enhances β-cyclodextrin production. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Cui H, Wang Y, Li C, Chen X, Lin L. Antibacterial efficacy of Satureja montana L. essential oil encapsulated in methyl-β-cyclodextrin/soy soluble polysaccharide hydrogel and its assessment as meat preservative. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Application of Nano-β-Cyclodextrin to Induce Biosynthesis of Phenylpropanoids and Antioxidant Activity of Basil. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-021-01163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Zhang J, Li N, Zhang D, Dong M, Wang C, Chen Y. Construction of cinnamic acids derived β-cyclodextrins and their emodin-based inclusions with enhanced water solubility, excellent antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Lee JU, Lee SS, Lee S, Oh HB. Noncovalent Complexes of Cyclodextrin with Small Organic Molecules: Applications and Insights into Host-Guest Interactions in the Gas Phase and Condensed Phase. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184048. [PMID: 32899713 PMCID: PMC7571109 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) have drawn a lot of attention from the scientific communities as a model system for host–guest chemistry and also due to its variety of applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, textile, separation science, and essential oil industries. The formation of the inclusion complexes enables these applications in the condensed phases, which have been confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and other methodologies. The advent of soft ionization techniques that can transfer the solution-phase noncovalent complexes to the gas phase has allowed for extensive examination of these complexes and provides valuable insight into the principles governing the formation of gaseous noncovalent complexes. As for the CDs’ host–guest chemistry in the gas phase, there has been a controversial issue as to whether noncovalent complexes are inclusion conformers reflecting the solution-phase structure of the complex or not. In this review, the basic principles governing CD’s host–guest complex formation will be described. Applications and structures of CDs in the condensed phases will also be presented. More importantly, the experimental and theoretical evidence supporting the two opposing views for the CD–guest structures in the gas phase will be intensively reviewed. These include data obtained via mass spectrometry, ion mobility measurements, infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-ung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
| | - Sung-Sik Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi 17104, Korea;
| | - Sungyul Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi 17104, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (H.B.O.); Tel.: +82-31-201-2423 (S.L.); +82-2-705-8444 (H.B.O.)
| | - Han Bin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (H.B.O.); Tel.: +82-31-201-2423 (S.L.); +82-2-705-8444 (H.B.O.)
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Natural Compounds for Wood Protection against Fungi-A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153538. [PMID: 32748877 PMCID: PMC7435604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood is a renewable, versatile material with multiple applications and the largest terrestrial pool of sequestered carbon. However, it is susceptible to degradation, mainly caused by wood-decaying fungi. Since several traditional wood preservatives have been banned owing to their detrimental effects on humans and the environment, extending the lifespan of wood products using new generation natural preservatives is an imperative from the perspectives of human health and environmental protection. Several natural compounds of plant and animal origin have been tested for their fungicidal properties, including essential oils, tannins, wood extractives, alkaloids, propolis or chitosan; and their enormous potential in wood protection has been shown. Although they are not free of limitations, the potential methods to overcome their drawbacks and enhance their bioactivity already exist, such as co-impregnation with different polymers, cross-linkers, metal chelators or antioxidants. The presence of the discrepancies between laboratory tests and the field performance, as well as legislation-related problems resulting from the lack of standards defining the quality and performance of natural protective formulations, however, create an urgent need for further thorough research and arrangements. The collaboration with other industries interested in the utilisation of natural active compounds will reduce the associated costs, thus, will facilitate the successful implementation of alternative antifungal agents.
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15
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Wang Q, Zhang L, Ding W. Eugenol nanocapsules embedded with gelatin-chitosan for chilled pork preservation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:837-844. [PMID: 32348861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chilled pork is widely consumed in China. However, various contaminants during storage directly lead to a decline in the quality of chilled pork products. An extract of natural plant sources, eugenol (Eug) exerts good antibacterial and antioxidant effects. Nanometerization was used in this study to improve the insoluble and volatile characteristics of Eug. Eug nanocapsules embedded with gelatin/chitosan (Eug-Gel-CS NPs) were used to preserve chilled pork. Results indicated that Eug-Gel-CS NPs could effectively inhibit increases in the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) of chilled pork than that of the Eug group (p < 0.05). The L* and a* values of the Eug-Gel-CS NPs group were significantly higher than those of the Eug and gelatin-chitosan (CS-Gel) groups (p < 0.05). The total number of colonies (TBC) showed that the storage period of the Eug-Gel-CS NPs group could be extended to 15 d, which was significantly different from that of the CK group (8 d) (p < 0.05). The Eug-Gel-CS NPs also effectively delayed the decline in the water- holding capacity (WHC), springiness, and cohesiveness of the chilled pork. Therefore, Eug-Gel-CS NPs exert good antiseptic, antibacterial, and antioxidative effects on preserved chilled pork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wu Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Cai L, Lim H, Fitzkee NC, Cosovic B, Jeremic D. Feasibility of Manufacturing Strand-Based Wood Composite Treated with β-Cyclodextrin-Boric Acid for Fungal Decay Resistance. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E274. [PMID: 32013123 PMCID: PMC7077466 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The feasibility of using β-cyclodextrin (βCD) as an eco-friendly carrier of boric acid for the protection of strand-based wood composites against decay fungi was evaluated. The formation of a βCD-boric acid (βCD-B) complex was confirmed by the appearance of the boron-oxygen bond by using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Chemical shifts of around 6.25 and 1.41 ppm were also observed in 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and 11B NMR spectra, respectively. The βCD-B preservatives at two levels (5 and 10 wt.%) were uniformly blended with southern pine strands that were subsequently sprayed with polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI) resin. The blended strands were formed into a loose mat by hand and consolidated into 25 × 254 × 12 mm oriented strand boards (OSB) using a hot-press. The OSB panels were cut to end-matched internal bonding (IB) strength and fungal decay resistance test specimens. The vertical density profiles (VDPs) of the IB specimens were measured using an X-ray based density profiler and the specimens with statistically similar VDPs were selected for the IB and decay tests. The IB strength of the treated specimens was lower than the control specimens but they were above the required IB strength of heavy-duty load-bearing boards for use in humid conditions, specified in the BS EN 300:2006 standard. The reduced IB of preservative-treated OSB boards could be explained by the destabilized resin upon the addition of the βCD-B complex, as indicated by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results. The resistance of the OSB panels against two brown-rot fungi (i.e., G. trabeum or P. placenta) was evaluated before and after accelerated leaching cycles. The treated OSBs exposed to the fungi showed an average mass loss of lower than 3% before leaching, while the untreated OSBs had 49 and 35% mass losses due to decay by G. trabeum or P. placenta, respectively. However, upon the leaching, the treatment provided protection only against G. trabeum to a certain degree (average mass loss of 15%). The experimental results suggest that protection efficacy against decay fungi after leaching, as well as the adhesion of the OSB strands, can be improved by increasing the amount of pMDI resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cai
- Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA;
- Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA;
| | - Hyungsuk Lim
- Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA;
| | - Nicholas C. Fitzkee
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA;
| | - Bojan Cosovic
- Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA;
| | - Dragica Jeremic
- Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA;
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