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Wang W, Zhao B, Zhang Z, Kikuchi T, Li W, Jantrawut P, Feng F, Liu F, Zhang J. Natural polysaccharides and their derivatives targeting the tumor microenvironment: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131789. [PMID: 38677708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides have gained attention as valuable supplements and natural medicinal resources, particularly for their anti-tumor properties. Their low toxicity and potent anti-tumor effects make them promising candidates for cancer prevention and treatment. The tumor microenvironment is crucial in tumor development and offers potential avenues for novel cancer therapies. Research indicates that polysaccharides can positively influence the tumor microenvironment. However, the structural complexity of most anti-tumor polysaccharides, often heteropolysaccharides, poses challenges for structural analysis. To enhance their pharmacological activity, researchers have modified the structure and properties of natural polysaccharides based on structure-activity relationships, and they have discovered that many polysaccharides exhibit significantly enhanced anti-tumor activity after chemical modification. This article reviews recent strategies for targeting the tumor microenvironment with polysaccharides and briefly discusses the structure-activity relationships of anti-tumor polysaccharides. It also summarises the main chemical modification methods of polysaccharides and discusses the impact of chemical modifications on the anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides. The review aims to lay a theoretical foundation for the development of anti-tumor polysaccharides and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Tumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Anti-drug Resistant Drug Research, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Wei Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - FuLei Liu
- Tumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Anti-drug Resistant Drug Research, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Wang X, Huang C, Fu X, Jeon YJ, Mao X, Wang L. Bioactivities of the Popular Edible Brown Seaweed Sargassum fusiforme: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16452-16468. [PMID: 37876153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Sargassum fusiforme has a wide range of active constituents (such as polysaccharides, sterols, polyphenols, terpenes, amino acids, trace elements, etc.) and is an economically important brown algae with a long history. In recent years, S. fusiforme has been intensively studied and has attracted wide attention in the fields of agriculture, environment, medicine, and functional food. In this review, we reviewed the current research status of S. fusiforme at home and abroad over the past decade by searching Web of science, Google Scholar, and other databases, and structurally analyzed the active components of S. fusiforme, and on this basis, we focused on summarizing the cutting-edge research and scientific issues on the role of various active substances in S. fusiforme in exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, antiviral antibacterial, and anticoagulant effects. The mechanisms by which different substances exert active effects were further summarized by exploring different experimental models and are shown visually. It provides a reference to promote further development and comprehensive utilization of S. fusiforme resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoting Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju City, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63243, Republic of Korea
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju City, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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Tang MT, Jiang H, Wan C, Wang XL, Zhou S, Zhou T. Hypolipidemic Activity and Mechanism of Action of Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharides. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300264. [PMID: 37370194 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide (SFP) is a kind of biologically active macromolecule with biological functions. In this study, oxidative stress and high-fat HepG2 cell models were established to investigate its lipid-lowering activity and mechanism of action. It was found that SFP and its two isolated fractions had antioxidant effects on the cells. It was also found the polysaccharides decreased the content of total cholesterol and total triglyceride in the high-fat cells. RT-qPCR assays revealed that the three polysaccharides down-regulated the mRNA expression level of ACC, PPARγ, and SREBP-2. It could be concluded that the hypolipidemic effect of SFPs is achieved via multiple pathways, including the regulation on the expression level of lipid metabolism-related key enzymes and factors, and binding with bile acids. The hypolipidemic effect of SFPs could be partially due to their antioxidant activity. SFPs developed in the present work have potential as ingredients of functional foods with hypolipidemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Tang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wan
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wang
- Faculty of Food Science, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, 888 East of Yinxian Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, P.R. China
| | - Shaobo Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Xiasha, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
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Du H, Jin X, Jin S, Zhang D, Chen Q, Jin X, Wang C, Qian G, Ding H. Anti-Leukemia Activity of Polysaccharide from Sargassum fusiforme via the PI3K/AKT/BAD Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:289. [PMID: 37233483 PMCID: PMC10221275 DOI: 10.3390/md21050289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that Sargassum fusiforme and its extracts are effective herbal treatments for leukemia. We previously found that a polysaccharide from Sargassum fusiforme, SFP 2205, stimulated apoptosis in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells. However, the structural characterization and antitumoral mechanisms of SFP 2205 remain uncertain. Here, we studied the structural characteristics and anticancer mechanisms of SFP 2205 in HEL cells and a xenograft mouse model. The results demonstrated that SFP 2205, with a molecular weight of 41.85 kDa, consists of mannose, rhamnose, galactose, xylose, glucose, and fucose with monosaccharides composition of 14.2%, 9.4%, 11.8%, 13.7%, 11.0%, and 38.3%, respectively. On animal assays, SFP 2205 significantly inhibited growth of HEL tumor xenografts with no discernible toxicity to normal tissues. Western blotting showed that SFP 2205 therapy improved Bad, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3 protein expression, and ultimately induced HEL tumor apoptosis, indicating mitochondrial pathway involvement. Furthermore, SFP 2205 blocked the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and 740 Y-P, an activator of the PI3K/AKT pathway, rescued the effects of SFP 2205 on HEL cell proliferation and apoptosis. Overall, SFP 2205 may be a potential functional food additive or adjuvant for preventing or treating leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guoying Qian
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (H.D.); (X.J.); (S.J.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (X.J.); (C.W.)
| | - Haomiao Ding
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; (H.D.); (X.J.); (S.J.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (X.J.); (C.W.)
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Luna-Pérez Y, Ríos-López LG, Otero-Tejada EL, Mejía-Giraldo JC, Puertas-Mejía MÁ. Sargassum filipendula, a Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant and Matrix Metalloproteinases Inhibition Activities In Vitro with Potential Dermocosmetic Application. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040876. [PMID: 37107251 PMCID: PMC10135785 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and the potential inhibitory capacity of matrix metalloproteinases of the phlorotannin-type polyphenolic and fucoidan-type polysaccharides extracts obtained from the macroalga S. filipendula were evaluated. Through chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, the corresponding chemical structure of compounds present in the extracts was determined. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the methyl linoleate model for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and the free radical scavenging capacity was assessed using DPPH, ABTS, •OH, O2•− methods. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibition potential was measured by collagenase and elastase inhibition tests, using epigallocatechin gallate as a positive control. The extracts exhibited a high scavenging capacity of radical species evaluated and inhibition of diene conjugate formation and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. The results showed that the crude extracts presented dose-dependent collagenase and elastase inhibition, with IC50 values between 0.04 and 1.61 mg/mL. The structure of the residues of the polysaccharide was identified mainly as (1→3)-sulfated (1→3) α-l-fucopyranose at carbon 4 and residues of β-d-glucopyranose, α-d-Mannopyranose, and β-d-Galactopyranose, while in the polyphenol extract the presence of phloroglucinol was identified and the presence of eckol, bifuhalol, and trifuhalol was suggested. Our results allow us to infer that S. filipendula is a potential source of bioactive ingredients with antioxidant and anti-aging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonadys Luna-Pérez
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Funcionales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia
- Grupo de Estabilidad de Medicamentos, Cosméticos y Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Lady Giselle Ríos-López
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Funcionales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Elver Luis Otero-Tejada
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Funcionales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Juan Camilo Mejía-Giraldo
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Funcionales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia
- Grupo de Estabilidad de Medicamentos, Cosméticos y Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Miguel Ángel Puertas-Mejía
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Funcionales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia
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Carvajal-Barriga EJ, Fields RD. Sulfated polysaccharides as multi target molecules to fight COVID 19 and comorbidities. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13797. [PMID: 36811015 PMCID: PMC9936785 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of research to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection exploits the adaptive immune system, but innate immunity, the first line of defense against pathogenic microbes, is equally important in understanding and controlling infectious diseases. Various cellular mechanisms provide physiochemical barriers to microbe infection in mucosal membranes and epithelia, with extracellular polysaccharides, particularly sulfated polysaccharides, being among the most widespread and potent extracellular and secreted molecules blocking and deactivating bacteria, fungi, and viruses. New research reveals that a range of polysaccharides effectively inhibits COV-2 infection of mammalian cells in culture. This review provides an overview of sulfated polysaccharides nomenclature, its significance as immunomodulators, antioxidants, antitumors, anticoagulants, antibacterial, and as potent antivirals. It summarizes current research on various interactions of sulfated polysaccharide with a range of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, and their application for potential treatments for COVID-19. These molecules interact with biochemical signaling in immune cell responses, by actions in oxidative reactions, cytokine signaling, receptor binding, and through antiviral and antibacterial toxicity. These properties provide the potential for the development of novel therapeutic treatments for SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious diseases from modified polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Javier Carvajal-Barriga
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Del Ecuador, Neotropical Center for the Biomass Research, Quito, Ecuador.,The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Children and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Douglas Fields
- The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Children and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Ju H, Yu C, Liu W, Li HH, Fu Z, Wu YC, Gong PX, Li HJ. Polysaccharides from marine resources exhibit great potential in the treatment of tumor: A review. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2023.100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
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Zhang W, Jin W, Pomin VH, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. Interactions of marine sulfated glycans with antithrombin and platelet factor 4. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:954752. [PMID: 36200072 PMCID: PMC9527323 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.954752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular interactions of sulfated glycans, such as heparin, with antithrombin (AT) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) are essential for certain biological events such as anticoagulation and heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). In this study, a library including 84 sulfated glycans (polymers and oligomers) extracted from marine algae along with several animal-originated polysaccharides were subjected to a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study regarding their specific molecular interactions with AT and PF4 using surface plasmon resonance. In this SAR study, multiple characteristics were considered including different algal species, different methods of extraction, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, sulfate content and pattern and branching vs. linear chains. These factors were found to influence the binding affinity of the studied glycans with AT. Many polysaccharides showed stronger binding than the low molecular weight heparin (e.g., enoxaparin). Fourteen polysaccharides with strong AT-binding affinities were selected to further investigate their binding affinity with PF4. Eleven of these polysaccharides showed strong binding to PF4. It was observed that the types of monosaccharides, molecular weight and branching are not very essential particularly when these polysaccharides are oversulfated. The sulfation levels and sulfation patterns are, on the other hand, the primary contribution to strong AT and PF4 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Jin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States,College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weihua Jin, ; Fuming Zhang, ; Robert J. Linhardt,
| | - Vitor H. Pomin
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Weihua Jin, ; Fuming Zhang, ; Robert J. Linhardt,
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States,Departments of Biological Science, Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Weihua Jin, ; Fuming Zhang, ; Robert J. Linhardt,
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Ahirwar A, Kesharwani K, Deka R, Muthukumar S, Khan MJ, Rai A, Vinayak V, Varjani S, Joshi KB, Morjaria S. Microalgal drugs: A promising therapeutic reserve for the future. J Biotechnol 2022; 349:32-46. [PMID: 35339574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the decades, a variety of chemically synthesized drugs are being used to cure existing diseases but often these drugs could not be effectively employed for the treatment of serious and newly emerging diseases. Fortunately, in nature there occurs immense treasure of plants and microorganisms which are living jewels with respect to their richness of medically important metabolites of high value. Hence, amongst the existing microorganism(s), the marine world offers a plethora of biological entities that can contribute to alleviate numerous human ailments. Algae are one such photosynthetic microorganism found in both marine as well as fresh water which are rich source of metabolites known for their nutrient content and health benefits. Various algal species like Haematococcus, Diatoms, Griffithsia, Chlorella, Spirulina, Ulva, etc. have been identified and isolated to produce biologically active and pharmaceutically important high value compounds like astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, sulphur polysaccharides mainly galactose, rhamnose, xylose, fucose etc., which show antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-cancer, and antiviral activities. However, the production of either of these bio compounds is favored under conditions of stress. This review gives detailed information on various nutraceutical metabolites extracted from algae. Additionally focus has been made on the role of these bio compounds extracted from algae especially sulphur polysaccharides to treat several diseases with prospective treatment for SARS-CoV-2. Lastly it covers the knowledge gaps and future perspectives in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankesh Ahirwar
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar (MP) 470003, India
| | - Khushboo Kesharwani
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar (MP) 470003, India
| | - Rahul Deka
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar (MP) 470003, India
| | - Shreya Muthukumar
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar (MP) 470003, India
| | - Mohd Jahir Khan
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar (MP) 470003, India
| | - Anshuman Rai
- MMU, Deemed University, School of Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Ambala, Haryana, 133203, India
| | - Vandana Vinayak
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar (MP) 470003, India.
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382 010, India.
| | - Khashti Ballabh Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar (MP) 470003, India
| | - Shruti Morjaria
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar (MP) 470003, India
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Ma WP, Li HH, Liu M, Liu HB. Effects of simulated digestion in vitro on the structure and macrophages activation of fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118484. [PMID: 34420743 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular size and spatial structure affect the bioactivities of polysaccharides. SFF is a fucoidan extracted from Sargassum fusiforme. The possible changes of SFF affected by gastrointestinal tract and subsequently changes of its physicochemical property or its bioactivity have yet to be systematically investigated. Our results showed that DSFF, the gastrointestinal digestion product of SFF, has increased reducing sugar content, increased proportion of low molecular weight components, and a more clustered island-like morphology. Both SFF and DSFF activate RAW 264.7 macrophages evidenced by the increasing level of NO, intracellular ROS, and macrophages cytokines. Further investigation showed that DSFF induced M1 phenotype polarization in RAW 264.7 cells. DSFF also showed stronger macrophage activation and phenotype polarization than SFF. Our present work showed that SFF could be digested by simulated gastrointestinal environment in vitro and the digested product DSFF showed higher efficiency in macrophages activation and phenotype polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hai-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Zhang W, Wu W, Bao Y, Yan X, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ, Jin W, Mao G. Comparative study on the mechanisms of anti-lung cancer activities of three sulfated galactofucans. Food Funct 2021; 12:10644-10657. [PMID: 34590105 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02062e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated galactofucans, as the active compositions of fucoidan, were reported to exhibit antitumor activity. In the current study, a sulfated galactofucan (SGF) from Sargassum thunbergii and its three derivatives (SGF-H, SGF-L, and SGF-S) were prepared for structural analysis. Structural analysis showed that SGF-H was a high molecular weight sulfated galactofucan (51.5/17.8 kDa) with a high molar ratio of galactose (Gal) to fucose (Fuc) (0.66 : 1), SGF-L was a low molecular weight sulfated galactofucan (17.7 kDa) with a low molar ratio of Gal to Fuc (0.20 : 1), and SGF-S was a mixture (1.7 kDa) of sulfated galacto-fuco-oligomers or fuco-oligomers. It was noteworthy that the linkage of Gal residues in SGF-H was a β-linkage while SGF-L was an α-linkage. A comparative study on the anti-lung cancer activity in vitro and in vivo, antimetastatic effects, the metastasis-associated protein expression, and binding abilities to fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) of SGF, SGF-H, and SGF-L was performed to understand the structure-activity relationship. To some extent, SGF-L showed the strongest activity in the inhibition of human lung cancer cells A549 cell proliferation, while SGF-H exhibited the strongest activity in the inhibition of human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B cell proliferation. SGF-L showed the strongest antimetastatic activity, followed by SGF-H and SGF. The expression of metastasis-associated proteins showed only a small difference. The in vivo tumor inhibition of SGF, SGF-H, and SGF-L was 45%, 41%, and 31%, respectively. SPR analysis showed SGF-H binds preferentially to FGF1 and FGF2, while SGF-L preferentially binds to FGF7 and FGF10, suggesting that the anti-lung cancer activity from sulfated galactofucan could involve the FGF-FAK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Wanli Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yizhong Bao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Biological Science, Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China.
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12
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Jin W, Zhang W, Mitra D, McCandless MG, Sharma P, Tandon R, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. The structure-activity relationship of the interactions of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins with glucuronomannan and sulfated galactofucan from Saccharina japonica. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1649-1658. [PMID: 32979436 PMCID: PMC7513770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins (SGPs) and human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) are the two key targets for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Host cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) is believed to interact with SARS-CoV-2 SGPs to facilitate host cell entry. In the current study, a series of polysaccharides from Saccharina japonica were prepared to investigate the structure-activity relationship on the binding abilities of polysaccharides (oligosaccharides) to pseudotype particles, including SARS-CoV-2 SGPs, and ACE2 using surface plasmon resonance. Sulfated galactofucan (SJ-D-S-H) and glucuronomannan (Gn) displayed strongly inhibited interaction between SARS-CoV-2 SGPs and heparin while showing negligible inhibition of the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 SGPs and ACE2. The IC50 values of SJ-D-S-H and Gn in blocking heparin SGP binding were 27 and 231 nM, respectively. NMR analysis showed that the structure of SJ-D-S-H featured with a backbone of 1, 3-linked α-L-Fucp residues sulfated at C4 and C2/C4 and 1, 3-linked α-L-Fucp residues sulfated at C4 and branched with 1, 6-linked β-D-galacto-biose; Gn had a backbone of alternating 1, 4-linked β-D-GlcAp residues and 1, 2-linked α-D-Manp residues. The sulfated galactofucan and glucuronomannan showed strong binding ability to SARS-CoV-2 SGPs, suggesting that these polysaccharides might be good candidates for preventing and/or treating SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Dipanwita Mitra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Martin G McCandless
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Ritesh Tandon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Departments of Biological Science, Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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13
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Jin W, Jiang D, Zhang W, Wang C, Xia K, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. Interactions of fibroblast growth factors with sulfated galactofucan from Saccharina japonica. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:26-34. [PMID: 32464202 PMCID: PMC10466213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A total 68 types of marine algae oligosaccharides and polysaccharides were prepared and used to study the structure-activity relationship of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides in their interactions with fibroblast growth factors (FGF) 1 and 2. Factors considered include different types of algae, extraction methods, molecular weight, sulfate content and fractions. In the case of low molecular weight polysaccharide (SJ-D) from Saccharina japonica and its fractions eluting from anion exchange column, both 1.0 M NaCl fraction (SJ-D-I) and 2.0 M NaCl fraction (SJ-D-S) had stronger binding affinity than the parent SJ-D, suggesting that sulfated galactofucans represented the major tight binding component. Nuclear magnetic resonance showed that SJ-D-I was a typical sulfated galactofucan, composed of four units: 1, 3-linked 4-sulfated α-L-fucose (Fuc); 1, 3-linked 2, 4-disulfated α-L-Fuc; 1, 6-linked 4-sulfated β-D-Gal and/or 1, 6-linked 3, 4-sulfated β-D-Gal. Modification by autohydrolysis to oligosaccharides and desulfation decreased the FGF binding affinity while oversulfation increased the affinity. The solution-based affinities of SJ-D-I to FGF1 and FGF2 were 69 nM and 3.9 nM, suggesting that SJ-D-I showed better preferentially binding to FGF1 than a natural ligand, heparin, suggesting that sulfated galactofucan might represent a good regulator of FGF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Di Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA; Department of Biological Science, Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Ke Xia
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA; Department of Biological Science, Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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14
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Jin W, Fang Q, Jiang D, Li T, Wei B, Sun J, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ, Wang H, Zhong W. Structural characteristics and anti-complement activities of polysaccharides from Sargassum hemiphyllum. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:553-563. [PMID: 32617856 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09928-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Three polysaccharides (SH-1, SH-2 and SH-3) were purified from a brown macroalgea, Sargassum hemiphyllum. The autohydrolysis products from each polysaccharide were separated to three fractions (S fractions as oligomers, L fractions as low molecular weight polysaccharides and H fractions as high molecular weight polysaccharides). Mass spectroscopy of S fractions (SH-1-S, SH-2-S and SH-3-S) showed that these three polymers all contained short stretches of sulfated fucose. The structures of L fractions (SH-1-L, SH-2-L and SH-3-L) were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). SH-1-L was composed of two units, unit A (sulfated galactofucan) and unit B (sulfated xylo-glucuronomannan). Unit A contained a backbone of (1, 6-linked β-D-Gal) n1, (1, 3-linked 4-sulfated α-L-Fuc) n2, (1, 3-linked 2, 4-di-sulfated α-L-Fuc) n3, (1, 4-linked α-L-Fuc) n4 and (1, 3-linked β-D-Gal) n5, accompanied by some branches, such as sulfated fuco-oligomers, sulfated galacto-oligomers or sulfated galacto-fuco-oligomers. And unit B consisted of alternating 1, 4-linked β-D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and 1, 2-linked α-D-mannose (Man) with the Man residues randomly sulfated at C6 or branched with xylose (Xyl) at C3. Both SH-2-L and SH-3-L were composed of unit A and their difference was attributed to the ratio of n1: n2: n3: n4: n5. Based on monosaccharide analysis, we hypothesize that both SH-1-H and SH-2-H contained unit A and unit B while SH-3-H had a structure similar to SH-3-L. An assessment of anti-complement activities showed that the sulfated galactofucan had higher activities than sulfated galacto-fuco-xylo-glucuronomannan. These results suggest that the sulfated galactofucans might be a good candidate for anti-complement drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Qiufu Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiadong Sun
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 02881, Kingston, RI, USA
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, 20878, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongshan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou University, 313000, Huzhou, China
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Biological Science, Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Weihong Zhong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Wang L, Oh JY, Kim YS, Lee HG, Lee JS, Jeon YJ. Anti-Photoaging and Anti-Melanogenesis Effects of Fucoidan Isolated from Hizikia fusiforme and Its Underlying Mechanisms. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18080427. [PMID: 32824148 PMCID: PMC7460018 DOI: 10.3390/md18080427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that fucoidan with a molecular weight of 102.67 kDa, isolated from Hizikia fusiforme, possesses strong antioxidant activity. To explore the cosmeceutical potential of fucoidan, its anti-photoaging and anti-melanogenesis effects were evaluated in the present study. The anti-photoaging effect was investigated in ultraviolet (UV) B-irradiated human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), where fucoidan effectively reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species level and improved the viability of the UVB-irradiated cells without any cytotoxic effects. Moreover, fucoidan significantly decreased UVB-induced apoptosis in HaCaT cells by regulating the protein expression of Bax, Bcl-xL, PARP, and Caspase-3 in HaCaT cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The anti-melanogenesis effect of fucoidan was evaluated in B16F10 melanoma cells that had been stimulated with alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and fucoidan treatment remarkably inhibited melanin synthesis in α-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells. Further studies indicated that fucoidan significantly suppressed the expression of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1 and -2 (TRP-1 and-2) in B16F10 cells by down-regulating microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) through regulation of the ERK–MAPK (extracellular signal regulated kinase-mitogen activated protein kinase) pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that fucoidan isolated from H. fusiforme possesses strong anti-photoaging and anti-melanogenesis activities and can be used as an ingredient in the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Jeju 63243, Korea; (L.W.); (J.-Y.O.); (Y.-S.K.); (H.-G.L.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Jeju 63333, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Oh
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Jeju 63243, Korea; (L.W.); (J.-Y.O.); (Y.-S.K.); (H.-G.L.)
| | - Young-Sang Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Jeju 63243, Korea; (L.W.); (J.-Y.O.); (Y.-S.K.); (H.-G.L.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Jeju 63333, Korea
| | - Hyo-Geun Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Jeju 63243, Korea; (L.W.); (J.-Y.O.); (Y.-S.K.); (H.-G.L.)
| | - Jung-Suck Lee
- Research Center for Industrial Development of Seafood, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (Y.-J.J.)
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Jeju 63243, Korea; (L.W.); (J.-Y.O.); (Y.-S.K.); (H.-G.L.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Jeju 63333, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (Y.-J.J.)
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