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Hao M, Yao J, Chen J, Zhu R, Gu Z, Xin Y, Zhang L. Enhanced degradation of phenolic pollutants by a novel cold-adapted laccase from Peribacillus simplex. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134583. [PMID: 39122074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Laccase (EC 1.10.3.2), as eco-friendly biocatalysts, holds immense potential for sustainable applications across various environmental and industrial sectors. Despite the growing interest, the exploration of cold-adapted laccases, especially their unique properties and applicability, remains limited. In this study, we have isolated, cloned, expressed, and purified a novel laccase from Peribacillus simplex (GenBank: PP430751), which was derived from permafrost layer. The recombinant laccase (PsLac) exhibited optimal activity at 30 °C and a pH optimum of 3.5. Remarkably, PsLac exhibited remarkable stability in the presence of organic solvents, with its enzyme activity increasing by 20 % after being incubated in a 30 % trichloromethane solution for 12 h, compared to its initial activity. Furthermore, the enzyme preserved 100 % of its activity after undergoing eight freeze-thaw cycles. Notably, the catalytic center of PsLac contains Zn2+ instead of the typically observed Cu2+ found in other laccases, and metal-ion substitution experiments raised the catalytic efficiency to 3-fold when Zn2+ was replaced with Fe2+. Additionally, PsLac has demonstrated a proficient ability to degrade phenolic pollutants, such as hydroquinone, even at a low temperature of 16 °C, positioning it as a promising candidate for environmental bioremediation and contributing to cleaner production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Hao
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; JITRI Future Food Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., 214200, China
| | - JiaXin Yao
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; JITRI Future Food Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., 214200, China
| | - Jianxiong Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; JITRI Future Food Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., 214200, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; JITRI Future Food Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., 214200, China
| | - Zhenghua Gu
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; JITRI Future Food Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., 214200, China
| | - Yu Xin
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; JITRI Future Food Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., 214200, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; JITRI Future Food Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., 214200, China.
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2
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Guo E, Zhao L, Li Z, Chen L, Li J, Lu F, Wang F, Lu K, Liu Y. Biodegradation of bisphenol A by a Pichia pastoris whole-cell biocatalyst with overexpression of laccase from Bacillus pumilus and investigation of its potential degradation pathways. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134779. [PMID: 38850935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupter with estrogen activity, can infiltrate animal and human bodies through the food chain. Enzymatic degradation of BPA holds promise as an environmentally friendly approach while it is limited due to lower stability and recycling challenges. In this study, laccase from Bacillus pumilus TCCC 11568 was expressed in Pichia pastoris (fLAC). The optimal catalytic conditions for fLAC were at pH 6.0 and 80 °C, with a half-life T1/2 of 120 min at 70 °C. fLAC achieved a 46 % degradation rate of BPA, and possible degradation pathways were proposed based on identified products and reported intermediates of BPA degradation. To improve its stability and degradation capacity, a whole-cell biocatalyst (WCB) was developed by displaying LAC (dLAC) on the surface of P. pastoris GS115. The functionally displayed LAC demonstrated enhanced thermostability and pH stability along with an improved BPA degradation ability, achieving a 91 % degradation rate. Additionally, dLAC maintained a degradation rate of over 50 % after the fourth successive cycles. This work provides a powerful catalyst for degrading BPA, which might decontaminate endocrine disruptor-contaminated water through nine possible pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Ziyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Fuping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Kui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Yihan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
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3
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Cabezudo I, L E Furlan R. Thin layer chromatography assay to detect laccase inhibitors. Food Chem 2024; 460:140583. [PMID: 39089026 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) hyphenated to bioassays is a modern tool used for discovery of biologically active compounds from complex mixtures. The first bioautographic assay for detecting laccase inhibitors on a TLC plate was developed in this study. The on-plate reaction of laccase with colourless ABTS that renders the blue ABTS∙+ radical was optimised. Combination of the enzymatic TLC-assay with a control TLC-assay, wherein ABTS∙+ radical is chemically generated and then applied on the TLC, allowed to differentiate between the pure laccase inhibitor sodium azide and radical scavengers such as gallic and kojic acids. The limit of detection and quantification for the method were 54.9 and 166 ng of sodium azide respectively. The methodology was applied successfully to a recently discovered laccase inhibitor chemotype: hydrazones. A model hydrazone was compared with several hydrazones synthesized for this study. For the first time, laccase inhibitors separated on a TLC plate can be detected individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Cabezudo
- Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Ricardo L E Furlan
- Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
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Egbewale SO, Kumar A, Mokoena MP, Olaniran AO. Purification, characterization and three-dimensional structure prediction of multicopper oxidase Laccases from Trichoderma lixii FLU1 and Talaromyces pinophilus FLU12. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13371. [PMID: 38862560 PMCID: PMC11167041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Broad-spectrum biocatalysts enzymes, Laccases, have been implicated in the complete degradation of harmful pollutants into less-toxic compounds. In this study, two extracellularly produced Laccases were purified to homogeneity from two different Ascomycetes spp. Trichoderma lixii FLU1 (TlFLU1) and Talaromyces pinophilus FLU12 (TpFLU12). The purified enzymes are monomeric units, with a molecular mass of 44 kDa and 68.7 kDa for TlFLU1 and TpFLU12, respectively, on SDS-PAGE and zymogram. It reveals distinct properties beyond classic protein absorption at 270-280 nm, with TlFLU1's peak at 270 nm aligning with this typical range of type II Cu site (white Laccase), while TpFLU12's unique 600 nm peak signifies a type I Cu2+ site (blue Laccase), highlighting the diverse spectral fingerprints within the Laccase family. The Km and kcat values revealed that ABTS is the most suitable substrate as compared to 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, caffeic acid and guaiacol for both Laccases. The bioinformatics analysis revealed critical His, Ile, and Arg residues for copper binding at active sites, deviating from the traditional two His and a Cys motif in some Laccases. The predicted biological functions of the Laccases include oxidation-reduction, lignin metabolism, cellular metal ion homeostasis, phenylpropanoid catabolism, aromatic compound metabolism, cellulose metabolism, and biological adhesion. Additionally, investigation of degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by purified Laccases show significant reductions in residual concentrations of fluoranthene and anthracene after a 96-h incubation period. TlFLU1 Laccase achieved 39.0% and 44.9% transformation of fluoranthene and anthracene, respectively, while TpFLU12 Laccase achieved 47.2% and 50.0% transformation, respectively. The enzyme structure-function relationship study provided insights into the catalytic mechanism of these Laccases for possible biotechnological and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson O Egbewale
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Ajit Kumar
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Mduduzi P Mokoena
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4001, South Africa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4001, South Africa.
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Buzzo BB, Lima NSM, Pereira PAM, Gomes-Pepe ES, Sartini CCF, Lemos EGDM. Lignin degradation by a novel thermophilic and alkaline yellow laccase from Chitinophaga sp. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0401323. [PMID: 38712938 PMCID: PMC11237711 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04013-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) are oxidoreductases that belong to the multicopper oxidase subfamily and are classified as yellow/white or blue according to their absorption spectrum. Yellow laccases are more useful for industrial processes since they oxidize nonphenolic compounds in the absence of a redox mediator and stand out for being more stable and functional under extreme conditions. This study aimed to characterize a new laccase that was predicted to be present in the genome of Chitinophaga sp. CB10 - Lac_CB10. Lac_CB10, with a molecular mass of 100.06 kDa, was purified and characterized via biochemical assays using guaiacol as a substrate. The enzyme demonstrated extremophilic characteristics, exhibiting relative activity under alkaline conditions (CAPS buffer pH 10.5) and thermophilic conditions (80-90°C), as well as maintaining its activity above 50% for 5 h at 80°C and 90°C. Furthermore, Lac_CB10 presented a spectral profile typical of yellow laccases, exhibiting only one absorbance peak at 300 nm (at the T2/T3 site) and no peak at 600 nm (at the T1 site). When lignin was degraded using copper as an inducer, 52.27% of the material was degraded within 32 h. These results highlight the potential of this enzyme, which is a novel yellow laccase with thermophilic and alkaline activity and the ability to act on lignin. This enzyme could be a valuable addition to the biorefinery process. In addition, this approach has high potential for industrial application and in the bioremediation of contaminated environments since these processes often occur at extreme temperatures and pH values. IMPORTANCE The characterization of the novel yellow laccase, Lac_CB10, derived from Chitinophaga sp. CB10, represents a significant advancement with broad implications. This enzyme displays exceptional stability and functionality under extreme conditions, operating effectively under both alkaline (pH 10.5) and thermophilic (80-90°C) environments. Its capability to maintain considerable activity over extended periods, even at high temperatures, showcases its potential for various industrial applications. Moreover, its distinctive ability to efficiently degrade lignin-demonstrated by a significant 52.27% degradation within 32 h-signifies a promising avenue for biorefinery processes. This newfound laccase's characteristics position it as a crucial asset in the realm of bioremediation, particularly in scenarios involving contamination at extreme pH and temperature levels. The study's findings highlight the enzyme's capacity to address challenges in industrial processes and environmental cleanup, signifying its vital role in advancing biotechnological solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Bonfá Buzzo
- Department of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Agricultural Microbiology Graduate Program at UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Sarmanho Monteiro Lima
- Department of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Agricultural Microbiology Graduate Program at UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Aparecida Maldaner Pereira
- Department of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisângela Soares Gomes-Pepe
- Department of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos
- Department of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Agricultural Microbiology Graduate Program at UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Khan SI, Sahinkaya M, Colak DN, Zada NS, Uzuner U, Belduz AO, Çanakçi S, Khan AZ, Khan S, Badshah M, Shah AA. Production and characterization of novel thermostable CotA-laccase from Bacillus altitudinis SL7 and its application for lignin degradation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 172:110329. [PMID: 37804741 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Laccases are multi-copper oxidases and found in ligninolytic bacteria catalyzing the oxidation of both phenolic and non-phenolic compounds, however its application in lignin degradation suffers due to low oxidation rate, which have intensified the search for new laccases. In the present study, spore coat A protein (CotA) encoding gene having laccase like activity from Bacillus altitudinis SL7 (CotA-SL7) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified CotA-SL7 was active at wide range of temperature and pH with optimum activity at 55 °C and pH 5.0. The kinetic parameters of CotA-SL7 was determined with Km, Vmax, and kcat values 0.4 mM, 2777 μmol/min/mg, and 5194 s-1, respectively. Molecular docking revealed the presence of Pro, Phe, Asp, Asn, His, and Ile residues at the active site taking part in the oxidation of ABTS. The purified CotA-SL7 reduced lignin contents by 31 % and changes in lignin structure were analyzed through fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microsscopy (SEM) and gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS). The appearance of low molecular size compounds clearly indicates the cleavage of lignin polymer and opening of the benzene ring by purified CotA-SL7. Thus, high catalytic efficiency of CotA-SL7 makes it a suitable bio-catalyst for remediation of lignin contaminated wastewater from pulp and paper industries with clear insights into lignin degradation at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Islam Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Miray Sahinkaya
- Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Dilsat Nigar Colak
- Giresun University, Dereli Vocational School, Department of Forestry, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Numan Saleh Zada
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ugur Uzuner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkey
| | - Ali Osman Belduz
- Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Sabriye Çanakçi
- Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Alam Zeb Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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Bao C, Liu Y, Li F, Cao H, Dong B, Cao Y. Expression and Characterization of Laccase Lac1 from Coriolopsis trogii Strain Mafic-2001 in Pichia pastoris and Its Degradation of Lignin. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:6150-6167. [PMID: 36847985 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The laccase gene (Lac1) was cloned from Coriolopsis trogii strain Mafic-2001. Full-length sequence of Lac1 containing 11 exons and 10 introns is composed of 2140 nucleotides (nts). mRNA of Lac1 encoded for a protein of 517 aa. Nucleotide sequence of the laccase was optimized and expressed in Pichia pastoris X-33. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular weight of the purified recombinant laccase rLac1 was about 70 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH of rLac1 were 40 ℃ and 3.0, respectively. rLac1 showed high residual activity (90%) in the solutions after 1 h incubation at the pH ranging from 2.5 to 8.0. rLac1 maintained over 60% of laccase activity at the temperatures ranging from 20 to 60 °C, and kept higher than 50% of its activity at 40 °C for 2 h. The activity of rLac1 was promoted by Cu2+ and inhibited by Fe2+. Under optimal conditions, lignin degradation rates of rLac1 on the substrates of rice straw, corn stover, and palm kernel cake were 50.24%, 55.49%, and 24.43% (the lignin contents of substrates untreated with rLac1 were 100%), respectively. Treated with rLac1, the structures of agricultural residues (rice straw, corn stover, and palm kernel cake) were obviously loosened which was reflected by the analysis of scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Based on the specific activity of rLac1 on the degradation of lignin, rLac1 from Coriolopsis trogii strain Mafic-2001 has the potential for in-depth utilization of agricultural residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengling Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhe Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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Edoamodu CE, Nwodo UU. Optimisation and physicochemical characterisation of a thermo-alkali stable laccase produced by wastewater associated Bacillus sp. NU2. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37641161 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2253503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Laccase is a multicopper enzyme that plays a unique role in bioremediation of environmental pollutants. Bacteria were isolated from hospital wastewater and screened for laccase production. The laccase production process condition was optimised, and the laccase obtained was characterised. The 16S rRNA molecular analysis conducted on the best laccase producer revealed a Bacillus sp. NU2 identified. The process conditions: pH5, 45°C, 100 rpm, 5% inoculum, and growth constituents viz: tangerine peel and wheat bran agro-wastes, beef extract, ammonium persulfate, glucose, galactose, xylose, sorbitol, fructose carbon sources; and 4-aminophenol inducer optimally stimulated laccase production. The Bacillus sp. NU2 laccase was optimal at pH and temperature conditions of 8.0°C and 60°C, with a noteworthy pH and thermal stability observed. Furthermore, NU2 laccase showed a moderate/high tolerance and relative activity effect on various chemical inhibitors, halides and surfactant of triton x-100 (105 ± 0.92%), PMSF (107 ± 0.81%), and NaCl (94 ± 0.81%) at 1, 3, and 6 (mM) concentration. Additionally, NU2 laccase maintained a relative activity of 101%, 104%, and 102% for Mg2+, Zn2+, and Fe3+ at 1, 3, and 6 mM respectively. Acetone and propanol significantly upregulated laccase activity at 114 ± 0.0008% and 118.24 ± 0.35 and also at 30 and 20 (%) concentrations. Conclusively, the tolerant effect of Bacillus sp. NU2 laccase in pH, temperature, inhibitors and organic solvents suggests its potential for biotechnological application and promotion of a greener environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiedu E Edoamodu
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
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9
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Cortés-Antiquera R, Márquez SL, Espina G, Sánchez-SanMartín J, Blamey JM. Recombinant expression and characterization of a new laccase, bioinformatically identified, from the Antarctic thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus sp. ID17. Extremophiles 2023; 27:18. [PMID: 37428266 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-023-01299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Geobacillus sp. ID17 is a gram-positive thermophilic bacterium isolated from Deception Island, Antarctica, which has shown to exhibit remarkable laccase activity in crude extract at high temperatures. A bioinformatic search using local databases led to the identification of three putative multicopper oxidase sequences in the genome of this microorganism. Sequence analysis revealed that one of those sequences contains the four-essential copper-binding sites present in other well characterized laccases. The gene encoding this sequence was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli, partially purified and preliminary biochemically characterized. The resulting recombinant enzyme was recovered in active and soluble form, exhibiting optimum copper-dependent laccase activity at 55 °C, pH 6.5 with syringaldazine substrate, retaining over 60% of its activity after 1 h at 55 and 60 °C. In addition, this thermophilic enzyme is not affected by common inhibitors SDS, NaCl and L-cysteine. Furthermore, biodecolorization assays revealed that this laccase is capable of degrading 60% of malachite green, 54% of Congo red, and 52% of Remazol Brilliant Blue R, after 6 h at 55 °C with aid of ABTS as redox mediator. The observed properties of this enzyme and the relatively straightforward overexpression and partial purification of it could be of great interest for future biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Cortés-Antiquera
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda, 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
- Fundación Biociencia, José Domingo Cañas, 2280, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Giannina Espina
- Fundación Biociencia, José Domingo Cañas, 2280, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jenny M Blamey
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda, 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile.
- Fundación Biociencia, José Domingo Cañas, 2280, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile.
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Investigation into the chemical modification of α-amylase using octenyl succinic anhydride: enzyme characterisation and stability studies. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:645-664. [PMID: 36826507 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02850-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the chemical modification of α-amylase using succinic anhydride (SA), phthalic anhydride (PA) and a novel modifier viz. 2-octenyl succinic anhydride (2-OSA). SA-, PA- and 2-OSA-α-amylases displayed a 50%, 91% and 46% increase in stability at pH 9, respectively; as compared to unmodified α-amylase. PA-α-amylase showed a significant increase in Ea and ΔHa#, and a concomitant decrease in ΔSa#. The modified α-amylases exhibited improved thermostability as reflected by significant reductions in Kd and ΔSd#, and increments in t1/2, D-, Ed, ΔHd# and ΔGd# values. The modified α-amylases displayed variable stabilities in the presence of different surfactants, inhibitors, metal ions and organic solvents. Interestingly, the chemical modification was found to confer resistance against inactivation by Hg2+ on α-amylase. The conformational changes in modified α-amylases were investigated using intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, ANS (extrinsic) tryptophan fluorescence, and dynamic fluorescence quenching. Both intrinsic and extrinsic tryptophan fluorescence spectra showed increased fluorescence intensity for the modified α-amylases. Chemical modification was found to induce a certain degree of structural rigidity to α-amylase, as shown by dynamic fluorescence quenching. Analysis of the CD spectra by the K2d method using the DichroWeb online tool indicated evident changes in the α-helix, β-sheet and random coil fractions of the α-amylase secondary structure, following chemical modification using anhydrides. PA-α-amylase exhibited the highest productivity in terms of hydrolysis of starch at 60 °C over a period of 5 h indicating potential in varied biotechnological applications.
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Liu J, Li B, Li Z, Yang F, Chen B, Chen J, Li H, Jiang Z. Deciphering the alkaline stable mechanism of bacterial laccase from Bacillus pumilus by molecular dynamics simulation can improve the decolorization of textile dyes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130370. [PMID: 36444079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Laccases are considered promising tools for removing synthetic dyes from textile and tannery effluents. However, the alkaline pH in the effluents causes laccase instability, inactivation, and difficulty in its bioremediation. Based on a Bacillus pumilus ZB1 (BpLac) derived alkaline stable laccase, this study aimed to elucidate its alkaline stable mechanism at molecular level using molecular dynamics simulation. The effects of metal ions, organic solvents, and inhibitors on BpLac activity were assessed. BpLac formed more salt bridges and negatively charged surface in alkaline environment. Thereafter, pH-induced conformation changes were analyzed using GROMACS at pH 5.0 and 10.0. Among the identified residues with high fluctuation, the distance between Pro359 and Thr414 was stable at pH 10.0 but highly variable at pH 5.0. DSSP analysis suggested that BpLac formed more β-sheet and less coil at pH 10.0. Principal component analysis and free energy landscape indicated that irregular coils formed at pH 5.0 benefit for activity, while rigid α-helix and β-sheet structures formed at pH 10.0 contributed to alkaline stability. Breaking the α-helix near T1 copper center would not reduce alkaline stability but could improve dye decolorization by BpLac. Overall, these findings would advance the potential application of bacterial laccase in alkaline effluent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Bianxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Zhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Bixin Chen
- Guilin Jingcheng Biotechnology Company Limited, Guilin 541001, PR China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Huanan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Zhengbing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
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12
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Elsayed AM, Mahmoud M, Abdel Karim GSA, Abdelraof M, Othman AM. Purification and biochemical characterization of two laccase isoenzymes isolated from Trichoderma harzianum S7113 and its application for bisphenol A degradation. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:1. [PMID: 36593499 PMCID: PMC9806890 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-02011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Two laccase isoenzymes (LacA and LacB) were isolated from a novel Trichoderma harzianum S7113 isolate employing ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G100, and DEAE Sepharose ion exchange chromatography. The molecular weights of the purified LacA and LacB laccases were estimated to be 63 and 48 kDa, respectively. The two isoenzymes had their optimum activities at the same temperature (50 °C), but at slightly different pH values (pH 3.0 for LacA and pH 2.5 for LacB). LacA and LacB had the same thermal stability at 40 °C and pH stability at pH 9.0. The two isoenzymes also showed a high level of specific activity toward ABTS, where the Km values of LacA and LacB were 0.100 and 0.065 mM, whereas their Vmax values were 0.603 and 0.182 µmol min-1, respectively. LacA and LacB catalytic activity was stimulated by Mg2+, Zn2+, K+, and Ni2+, whereas it was inhibited by Hg2+ and Pb2+, β-mercaptoethanol, EDTA, and SDS, and completely inhibited by sodium azide. Our findings indicate that purified laccase has a promising capacity for bisphenol A (BPA) bioremediation across a broad pH range. This finding opens up new opportunities for the commercialization of this technique in a variety of biotechnology-based applications, particularly for removing endocrine chemicals from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshaimaa M. Elsayed
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Molecular Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Ghada S. A. Abdel Karim
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Molecular Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelraof
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Abdelmageed M. Othman
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
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Unuofin JO, Moloantoa KM, Khetsha ZP. The biobleaching potential of a laccase produced from mandarin peelings: impetus for a circular bio-based economy in textile biofinishing. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Ainiwaer A, Liang Y, Ye X, Gao R. Characterization of a Novel Fe 2+ Activated Non-Blue Laccase from Methylobacterium extorquens. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179804. [PMID: 36077196 PMCID: PMC9456135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, a novel laccase gene, Melac13220, was amplified from Methylobacterium extorquens and successfully expressed in Escherichia coli with a molecular weight of approximately 50 kDa. The purified Melac13220 had no absorption peak at 610 nm and remained silent within electron paramagnetic resonance spectra, suggesting that Melac13220 belongs to the non-blue laccase group. Both inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy/optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) indicated that one molecule of Melac13220 can interact with two iron ions. Furthermore, the optimal temperature of Melac13220 was 65 °C. It also showed a high thermolability, and its half-life at 65 °C was 80 min. Melac13220 showed a very good acid environment tolerance; its optimal pH was 1.5. Cu2+ and Co2+ can slightly increase enzyme activity, whereas Fe2+ could increase Melac13220′s activity five-fold. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicated that Fe2+ could also stabilize Melac13220. Unlike most laccases, Melac13220 can efficiently decolorize Congo Red and Indigo Carmine dyes even in the absence of a redox mediator. Thus, the non-blue laccase from Methylobacterium extorquens shows potential application value and may be valuable for environmental protection, especially in the degradation of dyes at low pH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Renjun Gao
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-431-18604313058; Fax: +86-431-85155200
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15
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Selvam K, Ameen F, Amirul Islam M, Sudhakar C, Selvankumar T. Laccase production from Bacillus aestuarii KSK using Borassus flabellifer empty fruit bunch waste as a substrate and assessing their malachite green dye degradation. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:3288-3295. [PMID: 35716153 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The lignocellulosic waste, Borassus flabellifer empty fruit bunch waste (BFEFBW), was employed to produce laccase using Bacillus aestuarii KSK under solid-state fermentation (SSF) conditions and to assess the efficiency of malachite green (MG) dye decolourization. METHODS AND RESULTS Abiotic factors such as pH (5.0-9.0), temperature (25-45°C) and incubation time (24-96 h) were optimized using Response surface methodology-Box-Behenan Design (RSM-BBD) to exploit the laccase production. The anticipated model revealed that the highest laccase activity of 437 U/ml shows after 60 h of incubation at 35°C at pH 7.0. The bacterial laccase was used to remove 89% of the MG dye in less time. CONCLUSION The laccase from B. aestuarii KSK decolorizes the MG and thereby making it a suitable choice for wastewater treatment from industrial effluents. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study is the first report on the production of laccase from B. flabellifer empty fruit bunch waste as a substrate. Bacillus aestuarii KSK was isolated from the soil sample and used to produce laccase under SSF conditions. The bacterial laccase has the potential for industrial application in textile waste dye treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Selvam
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amirul Islam
- Laboratory for Quantum Semiconductors and Photon-based BioNanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Chinnappan Sudhakar
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangaswamy Selvankumar
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zofair SFF, Ahmad S, Hashmi MA, Khan SH, Khan MA, Younus H. Catalytic roles, immobilization and management of recalcitrant environmental pollutants by laccases: Significance in sustainable green chemistry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 309:114676. [PMID: 35151142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We are facing a high risk of exposure to emerging contaminants and increasing environmental pollution with the concomitant growth of industries. Persistence of these pollutants is a major concern to the ecosystem. Laccases, also known as "green catalysts" are multi-copper oxidases which offers an eco-friendly solution for the degradation of these hazardous pollutants to less or non-toxic compounds. Although various other biological methods exist for the treatment of pollutants, the fact that laccases catalyze the oxidation of broad range of substrates in the presence of molecular oxygen without any additional cofactor and releases water as the by-product makes them exceptional. They have a good possibility of utilization in various industries, especially for the purpose of bioremediation. Besides this, they have also been used in medical/health care, food industry, bio-bleaching, wine stabilization, organic synthesis and biosensors. This review covers the catalytic behaviour of laccases, their immobilization strategies, potential applications in bioremediation of recalcitrant environmental pollutants and their engineering. It provides a comprehensive summary of most factors to consider while working with laccases in an industrial setting. It compares the benefits and drawbacks of the current techniques. Immobilization and mediators, two of the most significant aspects in working with laccases, have been meticulously discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Fauzia Farheen Zofair
- Enzymology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Sumbul Ahmad
- Enzymology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Md Amiruddin Hashmi
- Enzymology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Shaheer Hasan Khan
- Enzymology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Masood Alam Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina Younus
- Enzymology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Chopra NK, Sondhi S. Cloning, expression and characterization of laccase from Bacillus licheniformis NS2324 in E. coli application in dye decolorization. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:1003-1011. [PMID: 35337908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Laccase gene from Bacillus licheniformis NS2324 was cloned and expressed in E. coli by using pUC 18 as cloning vector and pet 15b as expression vector. The purified recombinant laccase (rLacNS2324) showed a molecular mass of 66 KDa. The optimum pH and temperature for rLacNS2324 was found to be pH 8 and 40 °C respectively. The half life of rLacNS2324 at pH 7, 8 and 9 is 24 h. The half life of laccase at 45 °C is 8 h. Laccase activity was increased in the presence of Cu2+ (135.3%), Mn2+ (283.76%), and Co2+ (199.96%) at 5 mM of concentration, but inhibited to 17.01% in the presence of 5 mM Zn2+ ions. rLacNS2324 was found tolerant to NaCl and NaI. Among the inhibitors, it was found to be tolerant to EDTA, however, its activity was inhibited in the presence of sodium azide, dithiothreitol and β-mercapethanol. rLacNS2324 was able to decolorize a bromophenol blue by 85% and phenol red by 75% in 1 h without any mediator. Methylene blue was almost completely degraded (99.28% decolorization) by 10 IUml-1 of laccase at 40 °C, pH 8.0 and in time 4 h. Overall rLacNS2324 showed ability to be used industrially to decolorize dyes in an eco-friendly and cost effective way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navleen Kaur Chopra
- Department of Biotechnology, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala 144603, Punjab, India
| | - Sonica Sondhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, 140307 Mohali, Punjab, India.
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18
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Abstract
The accumulation of waste and toxic compounds has become increasingly harmful to the environment and human health. In this context, the use of laccases has become a focus of interest, due to the properties of these versatile enzymes: low substrate specificity, and water formation as a non-toxic end product. Thus, we begin our study with a general overview of the importance of laccase for the environment and industry, starting with the sources of laccases (plant, bacterial and fungal laccases), the structure and mechanism of laccases, microbial biosynthesis, and the immobilization of laccases. Then, we continue with an overview of agro-waste treatment by laccases wherein we observe the importance of laccases for the biodisponibilization of substrates and the biodegradation of agro-industrial byproducts; we then show some aspects regarding the degradation of xenobiotic compounds, dyes, and pharmaceutical products. The objective of this research is to emphasize and fully investigate the effects of laccase action on the decomposition of lignocellulosic materials and on the removal of harmful compounds from soil and water, in order to provide a sustainable solution to reducing environmental pollution.
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19
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Robert B, Chenthamara D, Subramaniam S. Fabrication and biomedical applications of Arabinoxylan, Pectin, Chitosan, Soy protein, and Silk fibroin hydrogels via laccase - ferulic acid redox chemistry. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 201:539-556. [PMID: 34973987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unique physiochemical properties and the porous network architecture of hydrogel seek the attention to be explored in broad range of fields. In the last decade, numerous studies on the development of enzymatically cross-linked hydrogels have been elucidated. Implementing enzyme based cross-linking for fabrication of biomaterials over other crosslinking methods harbor various advantages, especially hydrogels designed using laccase exhibits mild reaction environment, high cross-linking efficiency and less toxicity. To our knowledge this is the first report reviewing the formulation of laccase mediated cross-linking for hydrogel preparation. Here, laccase catalyzed synthesis of hydrogel using polysaccharide viz. arabinoxylan, sugar beet pectin, galactomannan, chitosan etc. and proteins namely soy protein, gelatin, silk fibroin were discussed on highlighting their mechanical properties and its possible field of application. We have summarized the role of phenolic acids in laccase mediated crosslinking particularly ferulic acid which is a component of lignocellulose, serving cell rigidity via crosslinkage. The review also discusses on various biomedical applications such as controlled protein release, tissue engineering, and wound healing. It is anticipated that this review will give a detailed information on different laccase mediated reaction strategies that can be applied for the synthesis of various new biomaterials with tailor made properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky Robert
- Biomaterials and Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
| | - Dhrisya Chenthamara
- Biomaterials and Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
| | - Sadhasivam Subramaniam
- Biomaterials and Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; Department of Extension and Career Guidance, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India.
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21
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Mao G, Wang K, Wang F, Li H, Zhang H, Xie H, Wang Z, Wang F, Song A. An Engineered Thermostable Laccase with Great Ability to Decolorize and Detoxify Malachite Green. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11755. [PMID: 34769185 PMCID: PMC8583942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Laccases can catalyze the remediation of hazardous synthetic dyes in an eco-friendly manner, and thermostable laccases are advantageous to treat high-temperature dyeing wastewater. A novel laccase from Geothermobacter hydrogeniphilus (Ghlac) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Ghlac containing 263 residues was characterized as a functional laccase of the DUF152 family. By structural and biochemical analyses, the conserved residues H78, C119, and H136 were identified to bind with one copper atom to fulfill the laccase activity. In order to make it more suitable for industrial use, Ghlac variant Mut2 with enhanced thermostability was designed. The half-lives of Mut2 at 50 °C and 60 °C were 80.6 h and 9.8 h, respectively. Mut2 was stable at pH values ranging from 4.0 to 8.0 and showed a high tolerance for organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide. In addition, Mut2 decolorized approximately 100% of 100 mg/L of malachite green dye in 3 h at 70 °C. Furthermore, Mut2 eliminated the toxicity of malachite green to bacteria and Zea mays. In summary, the thermostable laccase Ghlac Mut2 could effectively decolorize and detoxify malachite green at high temperatures, showing great potential to remediate the dyeing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotao Mao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (G.M.); (K.W.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (H.Z.); (H.X.); (F.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (G.M.); (K.W.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (H.Z.); (H.X.); (F.W.)
| | - Fangyuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (G.M.); (K.W.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (H.Z.); (H.X.); (F.W.)
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (G.M.); (K.W.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (H.Z.); (H.X.); (F.W.)
| | - Hongsen Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (G.M.); (K.W.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (H.Z.); (H.X.); (F.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (G.M.); (K.W.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (H.Z.); (H.X.); (F.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
| | - Fengqin Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (G.M.); (K.W.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (H.Z.); (H.X.); (F.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Andong Song
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (G.M.); (K.W.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (H.Z.); (H.X.); (F.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Wiśniewska KM, Twarda-Clapa A, Białkowska AM. Novel Cold-Adapted Recombinant Laccase KbLcc1 from Kabatiella bupleuri G3 IBMiP as a Green Catalyst in Biotransformation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9593. [PMID: 34502503 PMCID: PMC8431773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold-adapted enzymes are useful tools in the organic syntheses conducted in mixed aqueous-organic or non-aqueous solvents due to their molecular flexibility that stabilizes the proteins in low water activity environments. A novel psychrophilic laccase gene from Kabatiella bupleuri, G3 IBMiP, was spliced by Overlap-Extension PCR (OE-PCR) and expressed in Pichia pastoris. Purified recombinant KbLcc1 laccase has an optimal temperature of 30 °C and pH of 3.5, 5.5, 6.0, and 7.0 in the reaction with 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), guaiacol, sinapic acid, and syringaldazine, respectively. Moreover, laccase KbLcc1 is highly thermolabile, as it loses 40% of activity after 30 min at 40 °C and is inactivated at 50 °C after the same period of incubation. The new enzyme remained active with 1 mM of Ni2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ and with 2 mM of Co2+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, but Fe2+ greatly inhibited the laccase activity. Moreover, 1% ethanol had no impact on KbLcc1, although acetone and ethyl acetate decreased the laccase activity. The presence of hexane (40%, v/v) caused a 58% increase in activity. Laccase KbLcc1 could be applied in the decolorization of synthetic dyes and in the biotransformation of ferulic acid to vanillin. After 5 days of reaction at 20 °C, pH 3.5, with 1 mM ABTS as a mediator, the vanillin concentration was 21.9 mg/L and the molar yield of transformation reached 14.39%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aneta M. Białkowska
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Łódź, Poland; (K.M.W.); (A.T.-C.)
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Kumar A, Singh AK, Bilal M, Chandra R. Sustainable Production of Thermostable Laccase from Agro-Residues Waste by Bacillus aquimaris AKRC02. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03753-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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