The development of analytical methods for the purity determination of fucoidan extracted from brown seaweed species

Effect of in vitro simulated digestion on the physicochemical properties and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of fucoidan

BACKGROUND

Fucoidan has an anti-obesity effect. However, there are few studies on its mechanism. In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in silico inhibitory properties of fucoidan against pancreatic lipase for the first time. We examined the changes in composition, structure, and pancreatic lipase inhibition of fucoidan during in vitro digestion.

RESULTS

Simulated saliva-gastrointestinal digestion resulted in a slight decrease in the molecular weight of fucoidan but no significant changes in the monosaccharide composition, sulfate content, and functional groups. Moreover, the digestion process significantly increased the inhibition of pancreatic lipase by fucoidan. The study on the type of inhibition showed that the inhibition of pancreatic lipase by fucoidan belonged to mixed inhibition with competitive inhibition. Molecular docking analysis showed that fucoidan could bind to the active site of pancreatic lipase.

CONCLUSION

This study indicates that fucoidan can be a potential functional food for anti-obesity. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

From Ocean to Medicine: Harnessing Seaweed's Potential for Drug Development

Seaweed, a miscellaneous group of marine algae, has long been recognized for its rich nutritional composition and bioactive compounds, being considered nutraceutical ingredient. This revision delves into the promising role of seaweed-derived nutrients as a beneficial resource for drug discovery and innovative product development. Seaweeds are abundant sources of essential vitamins, minerals, polysaccharides, polyphenols, and unique secondary metabolites, which reveal a wide range of biological activities. These bioactive compounds possess potential therapeutic properties, making them intriguing candidates for drug leads in various medical applications and pharmaceutical drug development. It explores their pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, shedding light on their potential as therapeutic agents. Moreover, the manuscript provides insights into the development of formulation strategies and delivery systems to enhance the bioavailability and stability of seaweed-derived compounds. The manuscript also discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with the integration of seaweed-based nutrients into the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. Regulatory considerations, sustainability, and scalability of sustainable seaweed sourcing and cultivation methods are addressed, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach in harnessing seaweed's potential. This revision underscores the immense potential of seaweed-derived compounds as a valuable reservoir for drug leads and product development. By bridging the gap between marine biology, pharmacology, and product formulation, this research contributes to the critical advancement of sustainable and innovative solutions in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical sectors.

Sequential extraction of fucoidan, laminarin, mannitol, alginate and protein from brown macroalgae Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus

The study involves development of a green biorefinery process for obtaining fucoidan, laminarin, mannitol, alginate and protein from dry and fresh Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum using hydrochloric acid and a green extraction solvent. After the extraction of fucoidan which was the targeted biomolecule, an extract and by-product (residual biomass) were obtained. The extract was passed through an ultrafiltration membrane, where fucoidan was obtained in the ultrafiltration retentate while ultrafiltration permeate was analysed for laminarin and mannitol. The residual biomass was used for obtaining alginate using ultrasound (20 kHz, 64 % amplitude and 32 min, optimum parameters for alginate extraction based on our previous study). All the samples, showed good results for alginate, laminarin and mannitol, indicating that the by-products can be utilised using this green extraction process. The comparison of both dry and fresh seaweed is relevant from an industry perspective, as fresh seaweed can directly be used for extraction, avoiding drying which adds significantly to the cost of the process. Life cycle impact assessment of the complete seaweed value chain has been carried out to identify the energy demand and key environmental hotspots. This biorefinery process can be used by industry to improve their processes and utilise the by-products generated efficiently.

Sargassum filipendula, a Source of Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant and Matrix Metalloproteinases Inhibition Activities In Vitro with Potential Dermocosmetic Application

The antioxidant and the potential inhibitory capacity of matrix metalloproteinases of the phlorotannin-type polyphenolic and fucoidan-type polysaccharides extracts obtained from the macroalga S. filipendula were evaluated. Through chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, the corresponding chemical structure of compounds present in the extracts was determined. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the methyl linoleate model for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and the free radical scavenging capacity was assessed using DPPH, ABTS, •OH, O2•− methods. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibition potential was measured by collagenase and elastase inhibition tests, using epigallocatechin gallate as a positive control. The extracts exhibited a high scavenging capacity of radical species evaluated and inhibition of diene conjugate formation and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. The results showed that the crude extracts presented dose-dependent collagenase and elastase inhibition, with IC50 values between 0.04 and 1.61 mg/mL. The structure of the residues of the polysaccharide was identified mainly as (1→3)-sulfated (1→3) α-l-fucopyranose at carbon 4 and residues of β-d-glucopyranose, α-d-Mannopyranose, and β-d-Galactopyranose, while in the polyphenol extract the presence of phloroglucinol was identified and the presence of eckol, bifuhalol, and trifuhalol was suggested. Our results allow us to infer that S. filipendula is a potential source of bioactive ingredients with antioxidant and anti-aging activity.

Nano-Sized Fucoidan Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes: Recent Advances in Design and Prospects for Biomedical Applications

The marine polysaccharide fucoidan (FUC) is a promising polymer for pharmaceutical research and development of novel drug delivery systems with modified release and targeted delivery. The presence of a sulfate group in the polysaccharide makes FUC an excellent candidate for the formation of interpolyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) with various polycations. However, due to the structural diversity of FUC, the design of FUC-based nanoformulations is challenging. This review describes the main strategies for the use of FUC-based PECs to develop drug delivery systems with improved biopharmaceutical properties, including nanocarriers in the form of FUC-chitosan PECs for pH-sensitive oral delivery, targeted delivery systems, and polymeric nanoparticles for improved hydrophobic drug delivery (e.g., FUC-zein PECs, core-shell structures obtained by the layer-by-layer self-assembly method, and self-assembled hydrophobically modified FUC particles). The importance of a complex study of the FUC structure, and the formation process of PECs based on it for obtaining reproducible polymeric nanoformulations with the desired properties, is also discussed.

Polyamide membrane pretreatment combined with UPLC–MS/MS for the determination of industrial dyes in grain and meat products.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1768563/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0]

Herein, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem four-stage mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) combined with a novel polyamide membrane extraction was used to rapidly determine industrial dyes in grain and meat products. Polyamide was used as an adsorbent in the membrane. When the sample was treated by the polyamide membrane, the industrial dyes were absorbed by the N-propyl Ethylenediamine (PSA) into the polyamide membrane, while most other ingredients were passed through the membrane. Then, the industrial dyes were eluted from the polyamide membrane by different solvents to be analyzed by UPLC–MS/MS. The novel pretreat method will reduce the time of the whole process to less than 30 minutes. The recovery of the dye was between 71% and 126%, and the precision was between 3 and 13. The results showed that the polyamide membrane can be used as a pretreatment method for detecting multicomponent industrial dyes in grain and meat products, which is rapid, simple, reliable and accurate.

Applications of infrared spectroscopy in polysaccharide structural analysis: Progress, challenge and perspective

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Functional properties of polysaccharides depend on their structural features.

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IR spectroscopy is widely used in polysaccharide structural analysis.

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Classical applications of IR spectroscopy in polysaccharide are reviewed.

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IR integrating techniques can considerably expand its application scope.

Polysaccharides are important biomacromolecules with numerous beneficial functions and a wide range of industrial applications. Functions and properties of polysaccharides are closely related to their structural features. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a well-established technique which has been widely applied in polysaccharide structural analysis. In this paper, the principle of IR and interpretation of polysaccharide IR spectrum are briefly introduced. Classical applications of IR spectroscopy in polysaccharide structural elucidation are reviewed from qualitative and quantitative aspects. Some advanced IR techniques including integrating with mass spectrometry (MS), microscopy and computational chemistry are introduced and their applications are emphasized. These emerging techniques can considerably expand application scope of IR, thus exert a more important effect on carbohydrate characterization. Overall, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive insight to applications of IR spectroscopy in polysaccharide structural analysis and highlights the importance of advanced IR-integrating techniques.

Influence of molecular weight fractionation on the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of a fucoidan rich-extract from the macroalgae Fucus vesiculosus

The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of a fucoidan extract and subsequent fractions isolated from the macroalgae Fucus vesiculosus. The fractions obtained (>300 kDa, <300 kDa, <100 kDa, <50 kDa and <10 kDa) could inhibit the growth of B. subtilis, E. coli, L. innocua and P. fluorescens when assayed at concentrations between 12,500 and 25,000 ppm. The bacterial growth was monitored by optical density (OD) measurements (600 nm, 24 h) at 30 °C or 37 °C, depending upon on the strain used. The extracted fractions were also tested for cytotoxicity against brain glioblastoma cancer cells using the Alamar Blue assay for 24 h, 48 h and 6 days. The >300 kDa fraction presented the lowest IC50 values (0.052% - 24 h; 0.032% - 6 days). The potential bioactivity of fucoidan as an antimicrobial and anticancer agent was demonstrated in this study. Hence, the related mechanisms of action should be explored in a near future.