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Dhiman A, Thaper P, Bhardwaj D, Agrawal G. Biodegradable Dextrin-Based Microgels for Slow Release of Dual Fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11860-11871. [PMID: 38410836 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
In this research, we report dextrin-based biodegradable microgels (PDXE MGs) having phosphate-based cross-linking units for slow release of urea and a potential P source to improve fertilization. PDXE MGs (∼200 nm) are synthesized by cross-linking the lauroyl-functionalized dextrin chains with sodium tripolyphosphate. The developed PDXE MGs exhibit high loading (∼10%) and encapsulation efficiency (∼88%) for urea. It is observed that functionalization of PDXE MGs with lauroyl chains slows down the release of urea (90% in ∼24 days) as compared to nonfunctionalized microgels (PDX MGs) (99% in ∼17 days) in water. Further studies of the developed formulation display that Urea@PDXE MGs significantly boost maize seed germination and overall plant growth as compared to pure urea fertilizer. Moreover, analysis of maize leaves obtained from plants treated with Urea@PDXE MGs reveals 3.5 ± 0.3% nitrogen content and 90 ± 0.7 mg/g chlorophyll content. These values are significantly higher than 1.4 ± 0.6% nitrogen content and 48 ± 0.05 mg/g chlorophyll content obtained by using bare urea. Further, acid phosphatase activity in roots is reduced upon treatment with PDXE MGs and Urea@PDXE MGs, suggesting the availability of P upon degradation of PDXE MGs by the amylase enzyme in soil. These experimental results present the developed microgel-based biodegradable formulation with a slow release feature as a potential candidate to move toward sustainable agriculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dhiman
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Piyush Thaper
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Dimpy Bhardwaj
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Garima Agrawal
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
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Kim HS, Lee YK, Park BJ, Lee JE, Jeong SS, Kim KR, Kim SC, Kirkham MB, Yang JE, Kim KH, Yoon JH. Alginate-encapsulated biochar as an effective soil ameliorant for reducing Pb phytoavailability to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:22802-22813. [PMID: 38411914 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The alginate-biochar formulation for metal removal from aquatic environments has been widely tried but its use for lowering phytoavailability of metals in the soil-crop continuum is limited. Biochar has been increasingly used as a soil amendment due to its potential for soil carbon sequestration and sorption capacity. Handling of powdery biochar as a soil top-dressing material is, however, cumbersome and vulnerable to loss by water and wind. In this experiment, biochar powder, which was pyrolyzed from oak trees, was encapsulated into beads with alginate, which is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in brown algae. Both batch and pot experiments were conducted to examine the effects of the alginate-encapsulated biochar beads (BB), as compared to its original biochar powdery form (BP), on the Pb adsorption capacity and phytoavailability of soil Pb to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The BB treatment improved reactivity about six times due to a higher surface area (287 m2 g-1) and five times due to a higher cation exchange capacity (50 cmolc kg-1) as compared to the BP treatment. The maximum sorption capacity of Pb was increased to 152 from 81 mg g-1 because of surface chemosorption. Adsorption of Pb onto BB followed multiple first-order kinetics and comprised fast and slow steps. More than 60% of the Pb was adsorbed in the fast step, i.e., within 3 h. Also, the BB treatment, up to the 5% level (w/w), increased soil pH from 5.4 to 6.5 and lowered the phytoavailable fraction of Pb in soil from 5.7 to 0.3 mg kg-1. The Pb concentrations in lettuce cultivated at 5% for the BP and BB treatments were similar but 63 and 66% lower, respectively, than those of the control soil. The results showed that the encapsulation of biochar with alginate enhanced adsorption by the biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuck Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Kyu Lee
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Jun Park
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Soon Jeong
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Rae Kim
- Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Kim
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506-0110, USA
| | - Jae E Yang
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye-Hoon Kim
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Torres-Figueroa AV, de los Santos-Villalobos S, Rodríguez-Félix DE, Moreno-Salazar SF, Pérez-Martínez CJ, Chan-Chan LH, Ochoa-Meza A, del Castillo-Castro T. Physically and Chemically Cross-Linked Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Humic Acid Hydrogels for Agricultural Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:44784-44795. [PMID: 38046300 PMCID: PMC10688162 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The preparation method of hydrogels has a significant effect on their structural and physicochemical properties. In this report, physically and chemically cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) networks containing humic acid (HA) were alternatively prepared by autoclaving (AC) and through glutaraldehyde (GA) addition, respectively, for agricultural purposes. PVA/HA hydrogels were comparatively characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical assays, scanning electron microscopy, swelling kinetics measurements, and water retention tests in soil. AC hydrogels showed a more homogeneous porous microstructure, higher swelling levels, and a better capacity to preserve the humidity of soil than those obtained by adding GA. Both PVA/HA hydrogels exhibited no phytotoxicity on cultivation trials of Sorghum sp., but the plant growth was promoted with the GA-cross-linked network as compared to the effect of the AC sample. The release behavior of urea was modified according to the preparation method of the PVA/HA hydrogels. After 3 days of sustained urea release, 91% of the fertilizer was delivered from the AC hydrogel, whereas a lower amount of 56% was released for the GA-cross-linked hydrogel. Beyond the advantages of applying PVA/HA hydrogels in the agricultural field, an appropriate method of preparing these materials endows them with specific properties according to the requirements of the target crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V. Torres-Figueroa
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos
- Laboratorio
de Biotecnología del Recurso Microbiano, Departamento de Ciencias
Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto
Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Colonia Centro, Obregón 85000, Mexico
| | - Dora E. Rodríguez-Félix
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Sergio F. Moreno-Salazar
- Departamento
de Agricultura y Ganadería, Universidad
de Sonora, Carr. Bahía de Kino, Km. 21. Apartado Postal 305, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico
| | | | - Lerma H. Chan-Chan
- Departamento
de Física, CONAHCyT, Universidad
de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Andrés Ochoa-Meza
- Departamento
de Agricultura y Ganadería, Universidad
de Sonora, Carr. Bahía de Kino, Km. 21. Apartado Postal 305, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico
| | - Teresa del Castillo-Castro
- Departamento
de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
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Dhiman A, Bhardwaj D, Goswami K, Agrawal G. Biodegradable redox sensitive chitosan based microgels for potential agriculture application. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 313:120893. [PMID: 37182935 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report redox sensitive, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DH) functionalized chitosan/stearic acid microgels (DH-ChSt MGs) for controlled delivery of insecticide and capturing of heavy metal ions. DH-ChSt MGs (≈146 nm) are prepared by disulfide crosslinking of SH functionalized chitosan and stearic acid rendering them biodegradable. DH-ChSt MGs exhibit high loading (≈8 %) and encapsulation (≈85 %) efficiency for imidacloprid insecticide, and offer its prolonged release (≈75 % after 133 h) under reducing conditions. Functionalization with DH provides enhanced foliar adhesion on pea leaves. DH-ChSt MGs also bind Fe3+ very efficiently due to the strong chelation of Fe3+ by DH, offering the opportunity of supplying Fe3+ nutrient for plant care. MTT assay results using different cells confirm that DH-ChSt MGs are nontoxic up to the experimental concentration of 120 μg/mL. Additionally, reduced DH-ChSt MGs having free thiol groups are also capable of binding heavy metal ions, thus presenting the reported formulation as a promising platform for agriculture application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dhiman
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Dimpy Bhardwaj
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Kajal Goswami
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Garima Agrawal
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India.
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Mbuyazi TB, Ajibade PA. Influence of Different Capping Agents on the Structural, Optical, and Photocatalytic Degradation Efficiency of Magnetite (Fe 3O 4) Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2067. [PMID: 37513078 PMCID: PMC10384526 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Octylamine (OTA), 1-dodecanethiol (DDT), and tri-n-octylphosphine (TOP) capped magnetite nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed inverse spinel crystalline phases for the as-prepared iron oxide nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopic micrographs showed iron oxide nanoparticles with mean particle sizes of 2.1 nm for Fe3O4-OTA, 5.0 nm for Fe3O4-DDT, and 4.4 nm for Fe3O4-TOP. The energy bandgap of the iron oxide nanoparticles ranges from 2.25 eV to 2.76 eV. The iron oxide nanoparticles were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of methylene blue with an efficiency of 55.5%, 58.3%, and 66.7% for Fe3O4-OTA, Fe3O4-DDT, and Fe3O4-TOP, respectively, while for methyl orange the degradation efficiencies were 63.8%, 47.7%, and 74.1%, respectively. The results showed that tri-n-octylphosphine capped iron oxide nanoparticles are the most efficient iron oxide nano-photocatalysts for the degradation of both dyes. Scavenger studies show that electrons (e-) and hydroxy radicals (•OH) contribute significantly to the photocatalytic degradation reaction of both methylene blue and methyl orange using Fe3O4-TOP nanoparticles. The influence of the dye solution's pH on the photocatalytic reaction reveals that a pH of 10 is the optimum for methylene blue degradation, whereas a pH of 2 is best for methyl orange photocatalytic degradation using the as-prepared iron oxide nano-photocatalyst. Recyclability studies revealed that the iron oxide photocatalysts can be recycled three times without losing their photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thandi B Mbuyazi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Peter A Ajibade
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
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Zhang Z, Yang N, Yu J, Jin S, Shen G, Chen H, Yuzhen N, Xiang D, Qian K. Research Progress of a Pesticide Polymer-Controlled Release System Based on Polysaccharides. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2810. [PMID: 37447458 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the development of the nanomaterials discipline, many new pesticide drug-carrying systems-such as pesticide nano-metal particles, nano-metal oxides, and other drug-carrying materials-had been developed and applied to pesticide formulations. Although these new drug-loading systems are relatively friendly to the environment, the direct exposure of many metal nanoparticles to the environment will inevitably lead to potential effects. In response to these problems, organic nanomaterials have been rapidly developed due to their high-quality biodegradation and biocompatibility. Most of these organic nanomaterials were mainly polysaccharide materials, such as chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan, sodium alginate, β-cyclodextrin, cellulose, starch, guar gum, etc. Some of these materials could be used to carry inorganic materials to develop a temperature- or pH-sensitive pesticide drug delivery system. Herein, the pesticide drug-carrying system developed based on polysaccharide materials, such as chitosan, was referred to as the pesticide polymer drug-carrying system based on polysaccharide materials. This kind of drug-loading system could be used to protect the pesticide molecules from harsh environments, such as pH, light, temperature, etc., and was used to develop the function of a sustained release, targeted release of pesticides in the intestine of insects, and achieve the goal of precise application, reduction, and efficiency of pesticides. In this review, the recent progress in the field of polysaccharide-based polymer drug delivery systems for pesticides has been discussed, and suggestions for future development were proposed based on the current situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ni Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuo Jin
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guangmao Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hanqiu Chen
- Institute of Vegetable, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, China
| | - Nima Yuzhen
- Institute of Vegetable, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Institute of Vegetable, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, China
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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