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Muhammad I, Ahmad S, Shen W. Melatonin-Mediated Molecular Responses in Plants: Enhancing Stress Tolerance and Mitigating Environmental Challenges in Cereal Crop Production. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4551. [PMID: 38674136 PMCID: PMC11049982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cereal crops are crucial for global food security; however, they are susceptible to various environmental stresses that significantly hamper their productivity. In response, melatonin has emerged as a promising regulator, offering potential benefits for stress tolerance and crop growth. This review explores the effects of melatonin on maize, sorghum, millet, rice, barley, and wheat, aiming to enhance their resilience to stress. The application of melatonin has shown promising outcomes, improving water use efficiency and reducing transpiration rates in millet under drought stress conditions. Furthermore, it enhances the salinity and heavy metal tolerance of millet by regulating the activity of stress-responsive genes. Similarly, melatonin application in sorghum enhances its resistance to high temperatures, low humidity, and nutrient deficiency, potentially involving the modulation of antioxidant defense and aspects related to photosynthetic genes. Melatonin also exerts protective effects against drought, salinity, heavy metal, extreme temperatures, and waterlogging stresses in maize, wheat, rice, and barley crops by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through regulating the antioxidant defense system. The molecular reactions of melatonin upregulated photosynthesis, antioxidant defense mechanisms, the metabolic pathway, and genes and downregulated stress susceptibility genes. In conclusion, melatonin serves as a versatile tool in cereal crops, bolstering stress resistance and promoting sustainable development. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and refine application techniques to fully harness the potential role of melatonin in cereal crop production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Muhammad
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Weijun Shen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
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Costes C, Navarro Sanz S, Calatayud C, Soriano A, Mameri H, Terrier N, Francin-Allami M. Transcriptomic analysis of developing sorghum grains to detect genes related to cell wall biosynthesis and remodelling. BMC Genom Data 2024; 25:14. [PMID: 38321382 PMCID: PMC10848504 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-024-01198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is the fifth most important grain produced in the world. Interest for cultivating sorghum is increasing all over the world in the context of climate change, due to its low input and water requirements. Like other cultivated cereals, sorghum has significant nutritional value thanks to its protein, carbohydrate and dietary fiber content, these latter mainly consisting of cell wall polysaccharides. This work describes for the first time a transcriptomic analysis dedicated to identify the genes involved in the biosynthesis and remodelling of cell walls both in the endosperm and outer layers of sorghum grain during its development. Further analysis of these transcriptomic data will improve our understanding of cell wall assembly, which is a key component of grain quality. DATA DESCRIPTION This research delineates the steps of our analysis, starting with the cultivation conditions and the grain harvest at different stages of development, followed by the laser microdissection applied to separate the endosperm from the outer layers. It also describes the procedures implemented to generate RNA libraries and to obtain a normalized and filtered table of transcript counts, and finally determine the number of putative cell wall-related genes already listed in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergi Navarro Sanz
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, 34398, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, INRAE, UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier Ressources Imagerie, BioCampus, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Calatayud
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, 34398, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, INRAE, UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Soriano
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, 34398, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, INRAE, UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Hamza Mameri
- UMR IATE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut-Agro Montpellier, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Nancy Terrier
- CIRAD, INRAE, UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
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Kang X, Gao W, Cheng Y, Cui B, Qiao X, Abd El-Aty AM. Enzymatic Modification of Starch Using Recombinant Genes from Sorghum in Escherichia coli: Insights and Potential Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:590-603. [PMID: 38133624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
SBEIIb (Sobic.004G163700), SSSIIa (Sobic.010G093400), and GBSSI (Sobic.010G022600) genes that regulate starch synthesis in sorghum endosperm were transferred into Escherichia coli by transgenic technology. SBEIIb, SSSIIa, and GBSSI enzymes were separated and purified through a Ni column and analyzed by electrophoresis with molecular weights and activities of 91.57 84.57, and 66.89 kDa and 551 and 700 and 587 U/μL, respectively. Furthermore, they were applied to starch modification, yielding interesting findings: the A chain content increased from 25.79 to 89.55% for SBEIIb-treated waxy starch, while SSSIIa extended the A chain to form DPs of the B chain, with A chain content decreasing from 89.55 to 37.01%, whereas GBSSI was explicitly involved in the synthesis of B1 chain, with its content increasing from 9.59 to 48.45%. Modified starch was obtained, which could be accurately applied in various industries. For instance, we prepared a sample (containing 89.6% A chain content) with excellent antiaging and antidigestion properties through SBEIIb modification. Moreover, higher RS3 (34.25%) and SDS contents (15.75%) of starch were obtained through the joint modification of SBEIIb and SSSIIa. These findings provide valuable insights for developing sorghum starch synthesis-related enzymes and offer opportunities for improving starch properties through enzymatic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xuguang Qiao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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Jafari M, Koocheki A. Impact of ultrasound treatment on the physicochemical and rheological properties of acid hydrolyzed sorghum starch. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128521. [PMID: 38040142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of ultrasonication on the physicochemical properties of native and acid-hydrolyzed white sorghum starch. Sorghum starch exhibited improved freeze-thaw stability, solubility, swelling power, and paste clarity after mild sonication. Starches sonicated at 30 % amplitude for 10 and 20 min increased the peak viscosity to 249 and 240 BU, gel firmness to 140.23 and 131.62 (g), ΔH to 13.4 and 13.1 (J/g), crystallinity to 29.51 and 29.10 (%), double helix content to 1.11 and 1.07 and degree of ordered structures to 1.16 and 1.09. The sonicated dual-treated samples (sonicated-acid hydrolyzed) exhibited reduced swelling power, peak viscosity, gelatinization temperatures and gel firmness. In contrast, the solubility, paste clarity, ΔH, percentage of crystallinity, double helix content and degree of ordered structures improved. Ultrasonic treatment made cracks and holes in the granule surface, whereas dual-treated starches were more porous and rougher, with deep depressions. All sorghum starches displayed shear-thinning behavior (n < 1). The pseudoplastic behavior and consistency indices of the starch paste decreased with increasing sonication time and amplitude. The G' was always higher than G" and tanδ was <1 for all samples, indicating a more solid/elastic behavior. The increased sonication time and amplitude, as well as the dual-treatment, caused the gel to become more susceptible to shear forces, which resulted in a decrease in G' and G" and an increase in tanδ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Jafari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Koocheki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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