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Liu Q, Jin W, Xie Q, Chen W, Fang H, Yang L, Yang Q, Lin X, Hong Z, Zhao Y, Li W, Zhang Y. Production and biological activity of β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides using xylanase from Caulerpa lentillifera. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133776. [PMID: 38992548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, β-1,3-xylanase (Xyl3088) was designed and prepared by constructing the expression vector plasmid and expressing and purifying the fusion protein. β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides were obtained through the specific enzymatic degradation of β-1, 3-xylan from Caulerpa lentillifera. The enzymolysis conditions were established and optimized as follows: Tris-HCl solution 0.05 mol/L, temperature of 37 °C, enzyme amount of 250 μL, and enzymolysis time of 24 h. The oligosaccharides' compositions and structural characterization were identified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ion chromatography (IC) and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). The IC50 values for scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-p-sulfonic acid (ABTS+), and superoxide anion radical (•O2-) were 13.108, 1.258, and 65.926 mg/mL for β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides, respectively, and 27.588, 373.048, and 269.12 mg/mL for β-1,4-xylo-oligosaccharides, respectively. Compared with β-1,4-xylo-oligosaccharides, β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides had substantial antioxidant activity and their antioxidant effects were concentration dependent. β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides also possessed a stronger anti-inflammatory effect on RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) than β-1,4-xylo-oligosaccharides. At a working concentration of 100 μg/mL, β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides inhibited the release of NO and affected the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and other proteins secreted by cells, effectively promoting the release of pro-inflammatory mediators by immune cells in response to external stimuli and achieving anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides are valuable products in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Sanya Institute of Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Wenhui Jin
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361100, China.
| | - Quanling Xie
- Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361100, China
| | - Weizhu Chen
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361100, China
| | - Hua Fang
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361100, China
| | - Longhe Yang
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xihuang Lin
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhuan Hong
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361100, China
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- Sanya Institute of Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, The District Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361100, China.
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Xia T, He W, Luo Z, Wang K, Tan X. Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus by gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids-induced activation of the GLP-1/GLP-1R/cAMP/PKA/CREB/INS pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132256. [PMID: 38729481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota variances reflecting the severity type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide (ABP) can regulate gut microbiota. However, the hypoglycemic effect and underlying mechanism of ABP remain unclear. Herein, we characterized the structure of ABP and revealed the hypoglycemic effect of ABP in mice with T2DM. ABP repaired the intestinal barrier in T2DM mice and regulated the composition and abundance of gut microbiota, especially increasing bacteria which producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), then increasing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level. The abundance of these bacteria was positively correlated with blood lipid and INS levels, negatively correlated with FBG levels. Colon transcriptome data and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the alleviating T2DM effect of ABP was related to activation of the GLP-1/GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB)/INS pathway. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) confirmed the transmissible efficacy of ABP through gut microbiota. Overall, our research shows that ABP plays a hypoglycemic role by increasing gut microbiota-derived SCFAs levels, and activating the GLP-1/GLP-1R/cAMP/PKA/CREB/INS pathway, emphasizing ABP as promising T2DM therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Wen He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zhenye Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Kexin Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Khol M, Ma F, Lei L, Liu W, Liu X. A Frontier Review of Nutraceutical Chinese Yam. Foods 2024; 13:1426. [PMID: 38790726 PMCID: PMC11119861 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Yams are the edible subterranean rhizomes, or tubers, of plants from the genus Dioscorea. There are approximately 600 species of yam plants in the world, with more than 90 of these growing in East Asia. One particular species, Dioscorea opposita Thunb., is highly praised as "the Chinese yam". This distinction arises from millennia of storied history, both as a nutritional food source and as a principal ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine. Among the many cultivars of Dioscorea opposita Thunb., Huai Shanyao has been widely regarded as the best. This review surveyed the historical background, physiochemical composition, applications as food and medicine, and research prospects for the Chinese yam. Modern science is finally beginning to confirm the remarkable health benefits of this yam plant, long-known to the Chinese people. Chinese yam promises anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-cancer, and combination treatment applications, both as a functional food and as medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Khol
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Fanyi Ma
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lijing Lei
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiuhua Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Innovation and Transformation, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Gao Y, Wang J, Xiao Y, Yu L, Tang Q, Wang Y, Zhou J. Structure characterization of an agavin-type fructan isolated from Polygonatum cyrtonema and its effect on the modulation of the gut microbiota in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121829. [PMID: 38368108 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The herbal medicine Polygonatum cyrtonema is highly regarded in China for its medicinal and dietary properties. However, further research is needed to elucidate the structure of its polysaccharide and understand how it promotes human health by modulating the gut microbiota. This study aims to investigate a homogeneous polysaccharide (PCP95-1-1) from Polygonatum cyrtonema and assess its susceptibility to digestion as well as its utilization by intestinal microbiota. The results confirmed that PCP95-1-1 is an agavin-type fructan, which possesses two fructose chains, namely β-(2 → 6) and β-(2 → 1) fructosyl-fructose, attached to the sucrose core, and has branches of β-D-Fruf residues. Moreover, PCP95-1-1 demonstrated resistance to digestion and maintained its reducing sugar content throughout the digestive system, indicating it could reach the gut without being digested. In vitro fermentation of PCP95-1-1 significantly decreased the pH value (p < 0.05) while notably increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), confirming its utilization by human gut microbiota. Additionally, PCP95-1-1 exhibited a significant ability (p < 0.05) to beneficial bacteria such as Megamonas and Bifidobacterium, while reducing the presence of facultative or conditional pathogens such as Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella at the genus level. Consequently, PCP95-1-1 has the potential to positively influence physical well-being by modulating the gut microbiota environment and can be developed as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- School of Food and Tourism, Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai 201415, China.
| | - Ling Yu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Qingjiu Tang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jianjin Zhou
- Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization for Mountain Area, Sanming 365051, China
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Huan C, Zhang R, Xie L, Wang X, Wang X, Wang X, Yao J, Gao S. Plantago asiatica L. polysaccharides: Physiochemical properties, structural characteristics, biological activity and application prospects: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128990. [PMID: 38158057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plantago asiatica L. (PAL), a traditional herb, has been used in East Asia for thousands of years. In recent years, polysaccharides extracted from PAL have garnered increased attention due to their outstanding pharmacological and biological properties. Previous research has established that PAL-derived polysaccharides exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, antimicrobial, immune-regulatory, intestinal health-promoting, antiviral, and other effects. Nevertheless, a comprehensive summary of the research related to Plantago asiatica L. polysaccharides (PALP) has not been reported to date. In this paper, we review the methods for isolation and purification, physiochemical properties, structural features, and biological activities of PALP. To provide a foundation for research and application in the fields of medicine and food, this review also outlines the future development prospects of plantain polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchao Huan
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruizhen Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Xie
- Fujian Yixinbao Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingting Yao
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Song Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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