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Jiang K, Ni W, Cao X, Zhang L, Lin S. A nanosized anionic MOF with rich thiadiazole groups for controlled oral drug delivery. Mater Today Bio 2021; 13:100180. [PMID: 34927044 PMCID: PMC8649393 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the crystal size and surface chemistry of MOF materials, and understanding their multifunctional effect are of great significance for the biomedical applications of MOF systems. Herein, we designed and synthesized a new anionic MOF, ZJU-64-NSN, which features 1D channels decorated with highly polarized thiadiazole groups, and its crystal size could be systematically tuned from 200 μm to 300 nm through a green and simple approach. As a result, the optimal nanosized ZJU-64-NSN is found to enable an ultrafast loading of cationic drug procainamide (PA) (21.2 wt% within 1 min). Moreover, the undesirable chemical stability of PA@ZJU-64-NSN is greatly improved by the surface coating of polyethylene glycol (PEG) biopolymer. The final drug delivery system PEG/PA@ZJU-64-NSN is found to effectively prevent PA from premature release under the harsh stomach environments due to the intense host-guest interaction, and mainly release PA to the targeted intestinal surroundings. Such controlled drug delivery is proved to be triggered by endogenic Na+ ions instead of H+ ions, well revealed by the study on the dynamics behavior of drug release and UV–Vis absorption spectrum. Good biocompatibility of ZJU-64-NSN and PEG-coated ZJU-64-NSN has been fully demonstrated by MTT assay as well as confocal microscopy imaging. A new anionic MOF enables an ultrafast drug loading. The crystal size of such MOF could be well size-controlled. The surface coating of PEG improves the chemical stability of drug carrier. The drug delivery system reveals an endogenic Na + -triggered procainamide release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Weishu Ni
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xianying Cao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shiwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
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2
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Crisóstomo V, Baéz-Diaz C, Blanco-Blázquez V, Álvarez V, López-Nieto E, Maestre J, Bayes-Genis A, Gálvez-Montón C, Casado JG, Sánchez-Margallo FM. The epicardial delivery of cardiosphere derived cells or their extracellular vesicles is safe but of limited value in experimental infarction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22155. [PMID: 34772964 PMCID: PMC8590017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01728-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The epicardial administration of therapeutics via the pericardial sac offers an attractive route, since it is minimally invasive and carries no risks of coronary embolization. The aim of this study was to assess viability, safety and effectiveness of cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs), their extracellular vesicles (EVs) or placebo administered via a mini-thoracotomy 72 h after experimental infarction in swine. The epicardial administration was completed successfully in all cases in a surgery time (knife-to-skin) below 30 min. No significant differences between groups were found in cardiac function parameters evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging before therapy and at the end of the study, despite a trend towards improved function in CDC-treated animals. Moreover, infarct size at 10 weeks was smaller in treated animals, albeit not significantly. Arrhythmia inducibility did not differ between groups. Pathological examination showed no differences, nor were there any pericardial adhesions evidenced in any case 10 weeks after surgery. These results show that the epicardial delivery of CDCs or their EVs is safe and technically easy 3 days after experimental myocardial infarction in swine, but it does not appear to have any beneficial effect on cardiac function. Our results do not support clinical translation of these therapies as implemented in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Crisóstomo
- Fundación Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Carretera N-521, km 41, 10071, Cáceres, Spain. .,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Claudia Baéz-Diaz
- Fundación Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Carretera N-521, km 41, 10071, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Blanco-Blázquez
- Fundación Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Carretera N-521, km 41, 10071, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Álvarez
- Fundación Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Carretera N-521, km 41, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Esther López-Nieto
- Fundación Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Carretera N-521, km 41, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan Maestre
- Fundación Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Carretera N-521, km 41, 10071, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,ICREC Research Group (Insuficiència Cardíaca i REgeneració Cardíaca), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,ICREC Research Group (Insuficiència Cardíaca i REgeneració Cardíaca), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Javier G Casado
- Fundación Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Carretera N-521, km 41, 10071, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Immunology Unit, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.,Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Francisco M Sánchez-Margallo
- Fundación Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Carretera N-521, km 41, 10071, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Ho HMK, Craig DQM, Day RM. Access routes, devices and guidance methods for intrapericardial delivery in cardiac conditions. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2021; 32:206-218. [PMID: 33892101 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug deposition into the intrapericardial space is favourable for achieving localised effects and targeted cardiac delivery owing to its proximity to the myocardium as well as facilitating optimised pharmacokinetic profiles and a reduction in systemic side effects. Access to the pericardium requires invasive procedures but the risks associated with this have been reduced with technological advances, such as combining transatrial and subxiphoid access with different guidance methods. A variety of introducer devices, ranging from needles to loop-catheters, have also been developed and validated in pre-clinical studies investigating intrapericardial delivery of therapeutic agents. Access techniques are generally well-tolerated, self-limiting and safe, although some rare complications associated with certain approaches have been reported. This review covers these access techniques and how they have been applied to the delivery of drugs, cells, and biologicals, demonstrating the potential of intrapericardial delivery for treatments in cardiac arrhythmia, vascular damage, and myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei Ming Kenneth Ho
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; Centre for Precision Healthcare, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, 5 University Street, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Duncan Q M Craig
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Richard M Day
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, 5 University Street, London WC1E 6JF, UK.
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Li J, Hu S, Zhu D, Huang K, Mei X, López de Juan Abad B, Cheng K. All Roads Lead to Rome (the Heart): Cell Retention and Outcomes From Various Delivery Routes of Cell Therapy Products to the Heart. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020402. [PMID: 33821664 PMCID: PMC8174178 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, numerous preclinical studies and several clinical trials have evidenced the feasibility of cell transplantation in treating heart diseases. Over the years, different delivery routes of cell therapy have emerged and broadened the width of the field. However, a common hurdle is shared by all current delivery routes: low cell retention. A myriad of studies confirm that cell retention plays a crucial role in the success of cell-mediated cardiac repair. It is important for any delivery route to maintain donor cells in the recipient heart for enough time to not only proliferate by themselves, but also to send paracrine signals to surrounding damaged heart cells and repair them. In this review, we first undertake an in-depth study of primary theories of cell loss, including low efficiency in cell injection, "washout" effects, and cell death, and then organize the literature from the past decade that focuses on cell transplantation to the heart using various cell delivery routes, including intracoronary injection, systemic intravenous injection, retrograde coronary venous injection, and intramyocardial injection. In addition to a recapitulation of these approaches, we also clearly evaluate their strengths and weaknesses. Furthermore, we conduct comparative research on the cell retention rate and functional outcomes of these delivery routes. Finally, we extend our discussion to state-of-the-art bioengineering techniques that enhance cell retention, as well as alternative delivery routes, such as intrapericardial delivery. A combination of these novel strategies and more accurate assessment methods will help to address the hurdle of low cell retention and boost the efficacy of cell transplantation to the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlang Li
- Department of Molecular Biomedical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorth Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel HillRaleighNC
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorth Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel HillRaleighNC
| | - Dashuai Zhu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorth Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel HillRaleighNC
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorth Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel HillRaleighNC
| | - Xuan Mei
- Department of Molecular Biomedical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorth Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel HillRaleighNC
| | - Blanca López de Juan Abad
- Department of Molecular Biomedical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorth Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel HillRaleighNC
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC
- Joint Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorth Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel HillRaleighNC
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5
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Li C, Naveed M, Dar K, Liu Z, Baig MMFA, Lv R, Saeed M, Dingding C, Feng Y, Xiaohui Z. Therapeutic advances in cardiac targeted drug delivery: from theory to practice. J Drug Target 2020; 29:235-248. [PMID: 32933319 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1818761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The most commonly used administration methods in clinics and life are oral administration, intravenous injection, and other systemic administration methods. Targeted administration must be an essential long-term development direction due to the limited availability and a high incidence of systemic side effects. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death all over the world. Targeted drug delivery (TDD) methods with the heart as the target organ have developed rapidly and are diversified. This article reviews the research progress of various TDD methods around the world with a heart as the target organ. It is mainly divided into two parts: the targeting vector represented by nanoparticles and various TDD methods such as intracoronary injection, ventricular wall injection, pericardial injection, and implantable medical device therapy and put forward some suggestions on the development of targeting. Different TDD methods described in this paper have not been widely used in clinical practice, and some have not even completed preclinical studies. Targeted drug delivery still requires long-term efforts by many researchers to realize the true meaning of the heart. HIGHLIGHTS Targeted administration can achieve a better therapeutic effect and effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions. Parenteral administration or medical device implantation can be used for targeted drug delivery. Combined with new dosage forms or new technologies, better-targeted therapy can be achieved. Clinical trials have confirmed the safety and effectiveness of several administration methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuican Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Kashif Dar
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Rundong Lv
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, The Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Chen Dingding
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Xiaohui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Heart Surgery, Nanjing Shuiximen Hospital, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital affiliated with Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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6
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Trindade F, Vitorino R, Leite-Moreira A, Falcão-Pires I. Pericardial fluid: an underrated molecular library of heart conditions and a potential vehicle for cardiac therapy. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0716-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Park K. Cover Story Enhanced intrapericardial drug delivery by PLGA nanoparticles. J Control Release 2017; 262:357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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Segura-Ibarra V, Cara FE, Wu S, Iruegas-Nunez DA, Wang S, Ferrari M, Ziemys A, Valderrabano M, Blanco E. Nanoparticles administered intrapericardially enhance payload myocardial distribution and retention. J Control Release 2017; 262:18-27. [PMID: 28700900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological therapies for cardiovascular diseases are limited by short-term pharmacokinetics and extra-cardiac adverse effects. Improving delivery selectivity specifically to the heart, wherein therapeutic drug levels can be maintained over time, is highly desirable. Nanoparticle (NP)-based pericardial drug delivery could provide a strategy to concentrate therapeutics within a unique, cardiac-restricted compartment to allow sustained drug penetration into the myocardium. Our objective was to explore the kinetics of myocardial penetration and retention after pericardial NP drug delivery. Fluorescently-tagged poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs were loaded with BODIPY, a fluorophore, and percutaneously administered into the pericardium via subxiphoid puncture in rabbits. At distinct timepoints hearts were examined for presence of NPs and BODIPY. PLGA NPs were found non-uniformly distributed on the epicardium following pericardial administration, displaying a half-life of ~2.5days in the heart. While NPs were mostly confined to epicardial layers, BODIPY was capable of penetrating into the myocardium, resulting in a transmural gradient. The distinct architecture and physiology of the different regions of the heart influenced BODIPY distribution, with fluorophore penetrating more readily into atria than ventricles. BODIPY proved to have a long-term presence within the heart, with a half-life of ~7days. Our findings demonstrate the potential of utilizing the pericardial space as a sustained drug-eluting reservoir through the application of nanoparticle-based drug delivery, opening several exciting avenues for selective and prolonged cardiac therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Segura-Ibarra
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 64710, Mexico
| | - Francisca E Cara
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Suhong Wu
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David A Iruegas-Nunez
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 64710, Mexico
| | - Sufen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mauro Ferrari
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Arturas Ziemys
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Miguel Valderrabano
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Elvin Blanco
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Wang W, Mei YQ, Yuan XH, Feng XD. Clinical efficacy of epicardial application of drug-releasing hydrogels to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 151:80-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Feng XD, Wang XN, Yuan XH, Wang W. Effectiveness of biatrial epicardial application of amiodarone-releasing adhesive hydrogel to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 148:939-43. [PMID: 25043862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most frequent complication arising after cardiac surgery, occurring in 30% of cases. Amiodarone is the most effective drug for prophylaxis and treatment. However, because of significant extracardiac side effects, only high-risk patients are eligible for prophylactic amiodarone therapy. We performed a randomized prospective study of 100 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with epicardial application of amiodarone-releasing hydrogel to determine the effectiveness of preventing POAF. METHODS After institutional review board approval, 100 patients, from January 2012 to July 2013, who had undergone cardiac surgery, were randomized to 2 equal groups. The study group received poly-based hydrogel with amiodarone sprayed diffusely over the epicardium. The control group underwent the procedure without the spray. Continuous telemetry monitored for POAF, and amiodarone levels in the atria, plasma, and tissue were measured postoperatively. Daily electrocardiographic parameters were measured until postoperative day 14. RESULTS The incidence of POAF was significantly less in the study group, with 4 of 50 patients (8%) incurring atrial fibrillation compared with 13 of 50 patients (26%) in the control group (P < .01). The mean amiodarone concentrations in the atria (12.06 ± 3.1) were significantly greater than those in the extracardiac tissues (1.32 ± 0.9; P < .01). The plasma amiodarone levels remained below the detection limit (<8 μg/mL) during the 14 days of follow-up. Bradycardia was observed less in the study group (76 ± 29) than in the control group (93 ± 18; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Epicardial application of amiodarone-releasing adhesive hydrogel is a less invasive, well-tolerated, quick, and effective therapeutic option for preventing POAF at minimal risk of extracardiac adverse side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xue Ning Wang
- ShanXi Cardiovascular Hospital, TaiYuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Hiu Yuan
- Changzhi Peace Hospital, Changzhi, ShanXi, China
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Beckerman Z, Azran A, Cohen O, Nir RR, Maessen JG, Bianco-Peled H, Bolotin G. A Novel Amiodarone-Eluting Biological Glue for Reducing Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2014; 19:481-91. [DOI: 10.1177/1074248414527640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication after cardiac surgery, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate a novel drug delivery system for local release of amiodarone. Methods: In the current prospective study, 9 goats underwent attachment of right atrial (RA) epicardial electrodes. Alginate-based glue with amiodarone was applied to the RA of the treatment groups. Rapid atrial response (RAR) to burst pacing was assessed before application and in the third postoperative day (POD3). Average RAR frequency was defined as the average percentage of inductions resulting in RAR per animal. Myocardial and extracardiac tissue amiodarone concentrations were analyzed. Results: Differences in RAR proportions between baseline and POD3 were greater in the treatment group versus the control group ( P = .034). Average RAR frequency was reduced by 34% in the treatment group (baseline: 65%; POD3: 31%), while it was increased by 11.3% in the control (baseline:43.8%; POD3: 55%). The treatment group demonstrated a greater proportion of animals meeting the success criterion of net percentage reduction in RAR frequency greater than 25% ( P = .047). The average amount of total amiodarone detected in the RA was 104.4 ± 28.9 µg; the transmural concentration was linearly distributed ( P < .0001). Extracardiac tissue concentrations were below the detection level. Conclusions: Local alginate-based amiodarone delivery demonstrated an RAR frequency reduction of clinical importance in response to burst pacing. The electrophysiological response was achieved while maintaining below-detection systemic drug levels. Current findings may point to the system’s future applicability in reducing POAF risk in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziv Beckerman
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Adi Azran
- Chemical Engineering Department, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Oved Cohen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rony-Reuven Nir
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jos G. Maessen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gil Bolotin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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Aoki M, Okawa Y, Goto Y, Ogawa S, Baba H. Local administration of tranexamic acid in off-pump coronary artery bypass. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2013; 20:658-62. [PMID: 23284106 DOI: 10.1177/0218492312441472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We administered tranexamic acid locally to patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass, to investigate the hemostatic effects and safety. PATIENTS AND METHODS The subjects were 100 consecutive patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass between July 2009 and January 2011. We assigned 50 patients in the early phase, in which tranexamic acid was not employed, to group N, and 50 in the late phase, in which tranexamic acid was employed, to group T. In group T, 10 mL of a solution containing 1 g of tranexamic acid in was sprayed into the pericardial cavity and mediastinum before the sternum was closed. We compared the volume of postoperative blood loss, blood transfusion volume, and complications between the 2 groups. RESULTS The volume of blood loss in 24 h after intensive care unit admission was 492 mL in group N and 303 mL in group T (p<0.0001); the decrease in blood loss in the group receiving tranexamic acid was approximately 40%. There was no significant difference in the blood transfusion volumes. There were no side effects of tranexamic acid. CONCLUSION In patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass, local administration of tranexamic acid may decrease the volume of postoperative blood loss. The local administration method is simple, inexpensive, and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Aoki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan.
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13
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Topical use of tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery - a review and meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials. COR ET VASA 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvasa.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Richardson ES, Rolfes C, Woo OS, Elmquist WF, Benditt DG, Iaizzo PA. Cardiac Responses to the Intrapericardial Delivery of Metoprolol: Targeted Delivery Compared to Intravenous Administration. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2011; 5:535-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s12265-011-9315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Bolderman RW, Hermans JR, Rademakers LM, de Jong MM, Bruin P, Dias AA, van der Veen FH, Maessen JG. Epicardial application of an amiodarone-releasing hydrogel to suppress atrial tachyarrhythmias. Int J Cardiol 2011; 149:341-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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Rupp H, Rupp TP, Alter P, Jung N, Pankuweit S, Maisch B. Intrapericardial procedures for cardiac regeneration by stem cells: need for minimal invasive access (AttachLifter) to the normal pericardial cavity. Herz 2011; 35:458-65. [PMID: 20941468 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-010-3382-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In view of the only modest functional and anatomical improvements achieved by bone marrow-derived cell transplantation in patients with heart disease, the question was addressed whether the intracoronary, transcoronary-venous, and intramyocardial delivery routes are adequate. It is hypothesized that an intrapericardial delivery of stem cells or activators of resident cardiac stem cells increases therapeutic benefits. From such an intrapericardial depot, cells or modulating factors, such as thymosin β4 or Ac-SDKP, are expected to reach the myocardium with sustained kinetics. Novel tools which provide access to the pericardial space even in the absence of pericardial effusion are, therefore, described. When the pericardium becomes attached to the suction head (monitored by an increase in negative pressure), the pericardium is lifted from the epicardium ("AttachLifter"). The opening of the suction head ("Attacher") is narrowed by flexible clamps which grab the tissue and improve the vacuum seal in the case of uneven tissue. A ridge, i.e.,"needle guidance", on the suction head excludes injury to the epicardium, whereby the pericardium is punctured by a needle which resides outside the suction head. A fiberscope can be used to inspect the pericardium prior to puncture. Based on these procedures, the role of the pericardial space and the presence of pericardial effusion in cardiac regeneration can be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rupp
- Department of Internal Medicine - Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland.
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17
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Intrapericardial Delivery of Amiodarone and Sotalol: Atrial Transmural Drug Distribution and Electrophysiological Effects. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2009; 54:355-63. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181bad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Abrishami A, Chung F, Wong J. Topical application of antifibrinolytic drugs for on-pump cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Anaesth 2009; 56:202-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s12630-008-9038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Revised: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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19
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Hatzistergos KE, Mitsi AC, Zachariou C, Skyrlas A, Kapatou E, Agelaki MG, Fotopoulos A, Kolettis TM, Malamou-Mitsi V. Randomised comparison of growth hormone versus IGF-1 on early post-myocardial infarction ventricular remodelling in rats. Growth Horm IGF Res 2008; 18:157-165. [PMID: 17889582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2007.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2007] [Revised: 07/23/2007] [Accepted: 08/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 participate in post-myocardial infarction healing, but their relative importance is unclear. We compared the treatment effects of these agents on left ventricular remodelling. DESIGN Wistar rats were randomised into a single dose of either growth hormone (0.5microg, n=29), or insulin-like growth factor-1 (0.5microg, n=27), delivered by direct intramyocardial punctures, and were compared with controls (n=30). Five minutes after treatment, myocardial infarction was generated by permanent ligation of the left coronary artery. Twenty-four hours post-ligation, serum levels of catecholamines were measured using radioimmunoassay and infarct size as well as infarct expansion index were calculated. The expression of genes related to extracellular matrix and angiogenesis was measured using polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Infarct expansion index was lower in growth hormone-treated rats (0.28+/-0.03, p=0.007) and in insulin-like growth factor-1-treated rats (0.35+/-0.03, p=0.044) compared to controls (0.51+/-0.06). Infarct size was significantly (p=0.0076) lower in growth hormone-treated rats (32.2+/-2.0%) and marginally (p=0.094) lower in insulin-like growth factor-1-treated rats (36.2+/-2.3%) compared to controls (42.0+/-2.7%). Survival rates were comparable in the three groups. Epinephrine was lower in the growth hormone group (2.8+/-0.2microg/l) compared to either controls (5.0+/-0.6microg/l, p=0.007), or to insulin-like growth factor-1-treated rats (6.3+/-0.6microg/l, p=0.0001). Collagen I and III expression in the infarct zone was higher in the growth hormone group compared to either the insulin-like growth factor-1 group or to controls. CONCLUSIONS Both growth hormone and insulin-like-growth factor-1 decrease early infarct expansion, but growth hormone results in more favourable extracellular matrix remodelling and sympathetic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Hatzistergos
- Department of Pathology, University of Ioannina, 1 Stavrou Niarxou Avenue, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Watanabe MA. Heart Rate Turbulence Slope Reduction in Imminent Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia and its Implications. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2006; 17:735-40. [PMID: 16836669 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to see whether heart rate turbulence (HRT) parameters change preceding imminent ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT/VF). METHODS AND RESULTS The Spontaneous Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia Database (Medtronic Version 1.0) consisting of 83 paired (control and pre-VT/VF) sets of 1,000 RR intervals recorded by the Medtronic Jewel Plus ICD was used. Sixty-one control records and 69 pre-VT/VF records had two or more ectopic beats, allowing calculation of six HRT indices: means and standard deviations (SD) of turbulence slope (TS), turbulence onset (TO), and turbulence timing (TT). The only index found to be different between control and pre-VT/VF records was SD of TS (4.2 +/- 3.0 control vs 3.1 +/- 1.9 pre-VT/VF, P < 0.05). Thirty-one datasets classified as having normal HRT in control demonstrated a decrease of both TS mean (P < 0.01) and SD (P < 0.01), and loss of correlation between TS mean and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) preceding VT/VF (P < 0.0001 control, P = 0.8 pre-VT/VF). CONCLUSION Both mean and SD of TS are reduced before VT/VF, but only in patients who have normal baseline HRT, and are capable of manifesting reduction. This may be why previous studies could not agree on pre-arrhythmia characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari A Watanabe
- Internal Medicine Department, Munich University of Technology, Munich, Germany.
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Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a versatile biophysical technique with wide applicability in drug discovery research, particularly for the detection and characterization of molecular interactions. This review highlights in a comprehensive manner the aspects of biomolecular NMR which are most beneficial for pharmaceutical research and presents them as contributions to the different stages of a drug discovery program: target selection, assay development, lead generation and lead optimization. Emphasis is put on the concept of the particular NMR application, rather than on technical details, and on recent examples. Finally, an appendix of frequently asked questions is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Jahnke
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Lichtstrasse, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - H Widmer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Lichtstrasse, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
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