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Zhu Y, Ouyang Z, Du H, Wang M, Wang J, Sun H, Kong L, Xu Q, Ma H, Sun Y. New opportunities and challenges of natural products research: When target identification meets single-cell multiomics. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:4011-4039. [PMID: 36386472 PMCID: PMC9643300 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products, and especially the active ingredients found in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), have a thousand-year-long history of clinical use and a strong theoretical basis in TCM. As such, traditional remedies provide shortcuts for the development of original new drugs in China, and increasing numbers of natural products are showing great therapeutic potential in various diseases. This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms of action of natural products from different sources used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer, introduces the methods and newly emerging technologies used to identify and validate the targets of natural active ingredients, enumerates the expansive list of TCM used to treat inflammatory diseases and cancer, and summarizes the patterns of action of emerging technologies such as single-cell multiomics, network pharmacology, and artificial intelligence in the pharmacological studies of natural products to provide insights for the development of innovative natural product-based drugs. Our hope is that we can make use of advances in target identification and single-cell multiomics to obtain a deeper understanding of actions of mechanisms of natural products that will allow innovation and revitalization of TCM and its swift industrialization and internationalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zijun Ouyang
- Institute of Marine Biomedicine, School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haojie Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meijing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Marine Biomedicine, School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lingdong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongyue Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
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Pan CS, Yan L, Lin SQ, He K, Cui YC, Liu YY, Hu BH, Chang X, Zhao XR, Fan JY, Han JY. QiShenYiQi Pills Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Cardiac Microvascular Hyperpermeability Implicating Src/Caveolin-1 and RhoA/ROCK/MLC Signaling. Front Physiol 2022; 12:753761. [PMID: 34975519 PMCID: PMC8718710 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.753761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Coronary microvascular hyperpermeability is an important contributor to ischemia or reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the effective strategy for this insult remains limited. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of the compound Chinese medicine QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ) against coronary microvascular hyperpermeability after cardiac I/R with focusing on the underlying mechanism. Methods and Results: Male Sprague-Dawley rats under anesthesia were subjected to occlusion of left coronary anterior descending artery followed by reperfusion. QSYQ was administrated 90 min before ischemia initiation. Human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) underwent hypoxia or reoxygenation (H/R) challenge with QSYQ administrated 1 h prior to hypoxia. QSYQ exhibited effects on attenuating microvascular damage and albumin leakage after I/R injury, showing a role in maintaining endothelial junctions, caveolae, and collagen in basement membrane (BM) of microvessels. Study using HCMECs disclosed that QSYQ protected endothelial barrier from impairment by H/R, attenuating the decline of respiratory chain complex I and ATP synthase, activation of Src/caveolin-1 and increase of RhoA/ROCK/p-MLC, MMP-9, and CTSS. PP2, a Src inhibitor, partially imitated the effect of QSYQ. Conclusions: The QSYQ was able to prevent I/R-induced cardiac microvascular hyperpermeability via a mechanism involving Src/caveolin-1 and RhoA/ROCK/MLC signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Se-Qi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ke He
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Chen Cui
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-He Hu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Rong Zhao
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Huang Y, Zhang K, Liu M, Su J, Qin X, Wang X, Zhang J, Li S, Fan G. An herbal preparation ameliorates heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by alleviating microvascular endothelial inflammation and activating NO-cGMP-PKG pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153633. [PMID: 34320423 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous disease presenting a substantial challenge to clinicians. Currently, there is no safe and efficacious HFpEF treatment. In this study, we reported a standardized herbal medicinal product, QiShenYiQi (QSYQ), that can be used in the treatment of HFpEF. METHODS HFpEF mice were established by infusing a combination of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and feeding them a high-fat diet for 14 weeks. In the 10th week, the HFpEF mice were given dapagliflozin or QSYQ via oral gavage for four weeks. The blood pressure, echocardiography, hemodynamics, leukocyte infiltration, and oxidative stress in HFpEF mice were evaluated. Besides, inflammatory factors, endothelial adhesion factors, and endothelial-mesenchymal transformation (EndMT) markers were investigated. RESULTS QSYQ significantly attenuated concentric cardiac remodeling while improving diastolic function and left ventricular compliance in HFpEF mice. QSYQ also inhibited inflammation and immunocyte recruitment during HFpEF. The infiltration of CD8+, CD4+ T cells, and CD11b/c+ monocytes was substantially mitigated in the myocardium of QSYQ-treated mice. TNF-α, MCP-1, NF-κB, and NLRP3 levels also reduced after QSYQ treatment. Furthermore, QSYQ significantly reversed the elevated expression of endothelial adhesion factors and EndMT occurrence. These effects of QSYQ were demonstrated by the activation of NO-cGMP-PKG pathway and reduction of eNOS uncoupling in the HFpEF heart. CONCLUSION These results provide novel evidence that QSYQ treatment improves HFpEF by inhibiting microvascular endothelial inflammation and activating NO-cGMP-PKG pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Huang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Miao Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Jing Su
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qin
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Sheng Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China..
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Xiang C, Zhang F, Gao J, Guo F, Zhang M, Zhou R, Wei J, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Yang H. Yixin-Shu Capsules Ameliorated Ischemia-Induced Heart Failure by Restoring Trx2 and Inhibiting JNK/p38 Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8049079. [PMID: 33643519 PMCID: PMC7902134 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8049079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine has shown great safety and efficacy in the treatment of heart failure (HF), whereas the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the protective effect of Yixin-shu (YXS) capsules, a conventional medicine for various cardiovascular diseases, against myocardial ischemia-induced HF in rats was systematically investigated by RNA-seq technology. HF rats treated with YXS (0.8 or 1.6 g/kg/d, ig) for 6 weeks had significantly decreased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and collagen III and attenuated cardiac structure rupture and collagen deposition. Additionally, YXS treatment decreased the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and TUNEL-positive rate and the nitrotyrosine staining, but increased levels of glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Further experiments demonstrated that YXS restored Trx2 and inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, thereby improving cardiac function in the rats with HF. Silencing Trx2 decreased the protection of YXS in the response to H2O2 as evidenced by the increase of caspase-3 activity and decrease of GSH level. Thus, YXS enhanced heart function and decreased myocardial damage through restoring Trx2 and inhibiting JNK and p38 activation in ischemia-induced HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpei Xiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Fangbo Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jinhuan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Junying Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Bu L, Dai O, Zhou F, Liu F, Chen JF, Peng C, Xiong L. Traditional Chinese medicine formulas, extracts, and compounds promote angiogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110855. [PMID: 33059257 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases, such as ischemic heart diseases and ischemic stroke, are the leading cause of death worldwide. Angiogenic therapy is a wide-ranging approach to fighting ischemic diseases. However, compared with anti-angiogenesis therapy for tumors, less attention has been paid to therapeutic angiogenesis. Recently, Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has garnered increasing interest for its definite curative effect and low toxicity. A growing number of studies have reported that TCM formulas, extracts, and compounds from herbal medicines exert pro-angiogenic activity, which has been confirmed in a few clinical trials. For comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, global and local databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched using keywords such as "angiogenesis," "neovascularization," "traditional Chinese medicine," "formula," "extract," and "compound." Articles were chosen that are closely and directly related to pro-angiogenesis. This review summarizes the pro-angiogenic activity and the mechanism of TCM formulas, extracts, and compounds; it delivers an in-depth understanding of the relationship between TCM and pro-angiogenesis and will provide new ideas for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ou Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jin-Feng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Liang Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Zhang S, Wang H, Li L, Chang X, Ma H, Zhang M, Qing X, Zhang L, Zhang Z. Qishen Yiqi Drop Pill, a novel compound Chinese traditional medicine protects against high glucose-induced injury in cardiomyocytes. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6393-6402. [PMID: 31278860 PMCID: PMC6714141 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Qishen Yiqi Drop Pill (QSYQ) has been recognized as a potential protective agent for various cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of QSYQ in cardiac complications associated with diabetes is not clear currently. In this study, we investigate whether QSYQ could exert cardiac protective effects against high glucose-induced injuries in cardiac H9c2 cells. METHODS H9c2 cells were exposed to 24 hours of high glucose in presence or absence of QSYQ and LY294002. Cell cytotoxicity, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening were determined. Levels of bax, bcl-2, p53, cleaved caspase-3, PI3K and Akt were evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS Our data indicated that QSYQ significantly increased the cell viability and decreased cytotoxicity. By analysing the apoptotic rate as well as the expression levels of cytoapoptosis-related factors including cleaved caspase-3, bax, bcl-2, and p53, we found that QSYQ could remarkably suppress apoptosis of cardiomyoblasts caused by high glucose. In addition, it also showed that QSYQ reduced the generation of ROS. We further found that QSYQ treatment could inhibit the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and mPTP opening. Moreover, Western blot analysis showed enhanced phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt. The specific inhibitor of PI3K, LY294002 not only inhibited QSYQ induced PI3K/Akt signalling pathway activation, but alleviated its protective effects. CONCLUSIONS In summary, these findings demonstrated that QSYQ effectively protected H9c2 cells against the series injuries due to high glucose at least partially by activating the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Cardiac-cerebro Tissue Injury and Repair, Luoyang, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Cardiac-cerebro Tissue Injury and Repair, Luoyang, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Department of Cardiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Cardiac-cerebro Tissue Injury and Repair, Luoyang, China
| | - Xuewei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Cardiac-cerebro Tissue Injury and Repair, Luoyang, China
| | - Huifang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Cardiac-cerebro Tissue Injury and Repair, Luoyang, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Cardiac-cerebro Tissue Injury and Repair, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaochun Qing
- Department of Cardiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Cardiac-cerebro Tissue Injury and Repair, Luoyang, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Cardiac-cerebro Tissue Injury and Repair, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang Institute of Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Cardiac-cerebro Tissue Injury and Repair, Luoyang, China
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Wang Y, Wang Q, Li C, Lu L, Zhang Q, Zhu R, Wang W. A Review of Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 23:5115-5124. [PMID: 28950815 PMCID: PMC6340156 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170925163427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide and it is the end stage of sev-eral cardiovascular diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used in the management of heart failure for a long time. Only until recently, well-designed clinical trials have been put into practice to study the efficacies of Chinese herbs. Extensive studies have also been carried out to explore the under-lying mechanisms of pharmaceutical actions of Chinese herbs. In this study, we will summarize the frequently used Chinese herbs, formulae and patent Chinese drugs in treating patients with heart failure and review published clinical evaluations of Chinese herbs in treating cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms by which Chinese herbs exert cardio-protective effects will also be reviewed. In the end, we will point out the limitations of current studies and challenges facing modernization of traditional Chi-nese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Linghui Lu
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.,School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Wang L, Wang L, Zhou X, Ruan G, Yang G. Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pills Ameliorates Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice via Enhancement of Cardiac Angiogenesis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:2435-2444. [PMID: 30943187 PMCID: PMC6459050 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pills (QYDP) is a Chinese traditional medicine that has been applied to treat coronary heart disease and ischemic heart failure in China. However, few studies have explored whether QYDP exerted an effect on doxorubicin (Doxo)-induced cardiotoxicity. Hence, in this study we investigated the effect of QYDP on cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin (Doxo) and its potential mechanism. Material/Methods Male C57BL/6 mice (20–25 g, 8–10 weeks old) were randomly assigned to 4 groups: Control group, QYDP group, Doxo group, and QYDP+Doxo group. The mice were intraperitoneal injected with Doxo weekly for 4 weeks to mimic the chronic toxicity. Four weeks after Doxo injection, echocardiography was applied to evaluate the left ventricular (LV) function, and the structure of the cardiac muscle fibers was analyzed with anti-actinin-2 antibody staining by immunofluorescence. Moreover, TUNEL staining and western blot analysis of Bax protein, Bcl-2 protein, and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression levels were conducted to explore whether QYDP exerted effect on cardiac apoptosis. In addition, Masson trichrome staining and western blot analysis of α-SMA protein expression levels were used to evaluate whether QYDP exerted an effect on cardiac fibrosis. Western blots and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were applied to detect the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein and mRNA levels in the myocardial tissue, and anti-CD31 antibody staining by immunohistochemistry was employed to explore whether QYDP exerted an effect on cardiac angiogenesis. Results QYDP effectively attenuated cardiac dysfunction and cardiac muscle fibers disruption in Doxo treated mice. Moreover, QYDP reduced myocardial apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis in Doxo treated mice, accompanied with elevated protein levels of VEGF and enhancement of myocardial microvessel density. Conclusions QYDP could protect against Doxo-induced cardiotoxicity, which may be closely associated with enhanced cardiac angiogenesis. Hence, QYDP could be a promising alternative for the treatment of Doxo-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiang Wang
- Department of Physical Examination Center, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Liyue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoxia Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Guoran Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Guangyong Yang
- Department of Physical Examination Center, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Guo D, Murdoch CE, Liu T, Qu J, Jiao S, Wang Y, Wang W, Chen X. Therapeutic Angiogenesis of Chinese Herbal Medicines in Ischemic Heart Disease: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:428. [PMID: 29755358 PMCID: PMC5932161 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the primary causes of death around the world. Therapeutic angiogenesis is a promising innovative approach for treating IHD, improving cardiac function by promoting blood perfusion to the ischemic myocardium. This treatment is especially important for targeting patients that are unable to undergo angioplasty or bypass surgery. Chinese herbal medicines have been used for more than 2,500 years and they play an important role alongside contemporary medicines in China. Growing evidence in animal models show Chinese herbal medicines can provide therapeutic effect on IHD by targeting angiogenesis. Identifying the mechanism in which Chinese herbal medicines can promote angiogenesis in IHD is a major topic in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, and has the potential for advancing therapeutic treatment. This review summarizes the progression of research and highlights potential pro-angiogenic mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicines in IHD. In addition, an outline of the limitations of Chinese herbal medicines and challenges they face will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Colin E Murdoch
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Tianhua Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Qu
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shihong Jiao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
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Ruan G, Ren H, Zhang C, Zhu X, Xu C, Wang L. Cardioprotective Effects of QiShenYiQi Dripping Pills on Transverse Aortic Constriction-Induced Heart Failure in Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:324. [PMID: 29666587 PMCID: PMC5891926 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
QiShenYiQi dripping pills (QSYQ), a traditional Chinese medicine, are commonly used to treat coronary heart disease, and QSYQ was recently approved as a complementary treatment for ischemic heart failure in China. However, only few studies reported on whether QSYQ exerts a protective effect on heart failure induced by pressure overload. In this study, we explored the role of QSYQ in a mouse model of heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Twenty-eight C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: Sham + NS group, Sham + QSYQ group, TAC + NS group, and TAC + QSYQ group. QSYQ dissolved in normal saline (NS) was administered intragastrically (3.5 mg/100 g/day) in the Sham + QSYQ and TAC + QSYQ groups. In the Sham + NS and TAC + NS groups, NS was provided every day intragastrically. Eight weeks after TAC, echocardiography, and cardiac catheterization were performed to evaluate the cardiac function, and immunofluorescent staining with anti-actinin2 antibody was performed to determine the structure of the myocardial fibers. Moreover, TUNEL staining and Masson trichrome staining were employed to assess the effects of QSYQ on cardiac apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis. Western blots and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to measure the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the heart, and immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD31 antibody was performed to explore the role of QSYQ in cardiac angiogenesis. Results showed that TAC-induced cardiac dysfunction and disrupted structure of myocardial fibers significantly improved after QSYQ treatment. Moreover, QSYQ treatment also significantly improved cardiac apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis in TAC-induced heart failure, which was accompanied by an increase in VEGF expression levels and maintenance of microvessel density in the heart. In conclusion, QSYQ exerts a protective effect on TAC-induced heart failure, which could be attributed to enhanced cardiac angiogenesis, which is closely related to QSYQ. Thus, QSYQ may be a promising traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of heart failure induced by pressure overload such as hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoran Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haojin Ren
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liyue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Puren Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Shao Y, Zhang W, Tong L, Huang J, Li D, Nie W, Zhu Y, Li Y, Lu T. Simultaneous determination of eight bioactive components of Qishen Yiqi dripping pills in rat plasma using UFLC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 28146302 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a rapid and reliable ultra-fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of eight active ingredients, including astragaloside IV, ononin, tanshinol, protocatechualdehyde, protocatechuic acid, salvianolic acid D, rosmarinic acid and ginsenoside Rg1 , in rat plasma. The plasma samples were pretreated by protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 column (1.7 μm particles, 2.1 × 100 mm). The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% aqueous formic acid (A)-acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid (B) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Quantification was performed on a triple quadruple tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization by multiple reaction monitoring both in the negative and in the positive ion mode. The lower limit of quantification of tanshinol was 2.0 ng/mL and the others were 5.0 ng/mL. The extraction recoveries, matrix effects, intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy of eight tested components were all within acceptable limits. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of the eight active constituents after intragastric administration of three doses (1.0, 3.0, 6.0 g/kg body weight) of Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pills to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Shao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Tong
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Huang
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxiang Li
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Nie
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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A Bioactive Chemical Markers Based Strategy for Quality Assessment of Botanical Drugs: Xuesaitong Injection as a Case Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2410. [PMID: 28546540 PMCID: PMC5445085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02305-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Current chemical markers based quality assessment methods largely fail to reflect intrinsic chemical complexity and multiple mechanisms of action of botanical drugs (BD). The development of novel quality markers is greatly needed. Here we propose bioactive chemical markers (BCM), defined as a group of chemo-markers that exhibit similar pharmacological activities comparable to the whole BD, which can therefore be used to effectively assess the quality of BD. As a proof-of-concept, a BCM-based strategy was developed and applied to Xuesaitong Injection (XST) for assessing the efficacy and consistency of different batches. Firstly, systemic characterization of chemical profile of XST revealed a total number of 97 compounds. Secondly, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rb1 and Rd were identified as BCM of XST on treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases according to Adjusted Efficacy Score following an in vivo validation. Analytical method for quantification of BCM was then developed to ensure the efficacy of XST. Finally, chemical fingerprinting was developed and used to evaluate the batch-to-batch consistency. Our present case study on XST demonstrates that BCM-based strategy offers a rational approach for quality assessment of BD and provides a workflow for chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (CMC) study of BD required by regulatory authority.
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He GX, Xie J, Jiang H, Tan W, Xu B. Effects of Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pills (芪参益气滴丸) in Reducing Myocardial Injury and Preserving Microvascular Function in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Pilot Randomized Study. Chin J Integr Med 2017; 24:193-199. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Qi-Shen-Yi-Qi Dripping Pills Promote Angiogenesis of Ischemic Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Regulating MicroRNA-223-3p Expression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5057328. [PMID: 27057198 PMCID: PMC4761670 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5057328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research shows that Qi-Shen-Yi-Qi Dripping Pills (QSYQ) can promote ischemic cardiac angiogenesis. Studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are the key component of gene regulation networks, which play a vital role in angiogenesis and cardiovascular disease. Mechanisms involving miRNA by which TCM promotes ischemic cardiac angiogenesis have not been reported. We found that microRNA-223-3p (mir-223-3p) was the core miRNA of angiogenesis of rats ischemic cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) and inhibited angiogenesis by affecting RPS6KB1/HIF-1α signal pathway in previous study. Based on the results, we observed biological characteristics and optimal dosage for QSYQ intervening in rats ischemic CMECs angiogenesis and concluded that QSYQ low-dose group had the strongest ability to promote angiogenesis of ischemic myocardium. Using miRNA chip and real-time PCR techniques in this study, we identified mir-223-3p as the pivotal miRNA in QSYQ that regulated angiogenesis of ischemic CMECs. From real-time PCR and western blot analysis, research showed that gene and protein expression of factors located RPS6KB1/HIF-1α signaling pathway, including HIF-1α, VEGF, MAPK, PI3K, and AKT, were significantly upregulated by QSYQ to regulate angiogenesis of ischemic CMECs. This study showed that QSYQ promote ischemic cardiac angiogenesis by downregulating mir-223-3p expression in rats ischemic CMECs.
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Chen JR, Wei J, Wang LY, Zhu Y, Li L, Olunga MA, Gao XM, Fan GW. Cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury by QiShenYiQi Pill® via ameliorate of multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:3051-66. [PMID: 26109848 PMCID: PMC4474392 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s82146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim To investigate the potential cardioprotective effects of QiShenYiQi Pill® (QSYQ) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through antioxidative stress and mitochondrial protection. Methods and results Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with QSYQ or saline for 7 days and subjected to ischemia (30 minutes occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery) and reperfusion (120 minutes). Cardiac functions were evaluated by echocardiogram and hemodynamics. Myocardial mitochondria were obtained to evaluate changes in mitochondrial structure and function, immediately after 120 minutes reperfusion. Pretreatment with QSYQ protected against I/R-induced myocardial structural injury and improved cardiac hemodynamics, as demonstrated by normalized serum creatine kinase and suppressed oxidative stress. Moreover, the impaired myocardial mitochondrial structure and function decreased level of ATP (accompanied by reduction of ATP5D and increase in the expression of cytochrome C). Myocardial fiber rupture, interstitial edema, and infiltrated leukocytes were all significantly ameliorated by pretreatment with QSYQ. Conclusion Pretreatment of QSYQ in Sprague Dawley rats improves ventricular function and energy metabolism and reduces oxidative stress via ameliorating multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions during I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Rui Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wei
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yan Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mary Akinyi Olunga
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Mei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan Wei Fan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Lee CH, Li TC, Tsai CI, Lin SY, Lee IT, Lee HJ, Wu YC, Su YC. Yang Deficiency Body Constitution Acts as a Predictor of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Taichung Diabetic Body Constitution Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:940898. [PMID: 26167195 PMCID: PMC4475744 DOI: 10.1155/2015/940898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), can cause severe visual impairment and blindness. To prevent the development of DR, identifying the associated risk factors for patient classification is critical. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine whether body constitution (BC) is an independent predictor of DR. Method. 673 type 2 DM (T2DM) patients were recruited from a medical center, all received DR examination and body constitution questionnaire to assess BC. Other risk factors for DR were also recorded, including life style, history of diabetes, and blood pressure, etc. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for DR. Results. The prevalence of DR was significantly lower in Yang deficiency patients compared with non-Yang deficiency patients (24.69% versus 38.18% P = 0.02). After adjusting for other risk factors, we observed that patients exhibiting Yang deficiency BC were less likely to present with DR (OR = 0.531; 95% confidence interval = 0.312-0.903, P = 0.018). Conclusion. In addition to traditional risk factors, Yang deficiency BC might be an independent predictor of DR among T2DM patients and the results can be used as evidence for traditional Chinese medicine patient classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hung Lee
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Han Ming Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Science, Asian University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-I Tsai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Jung Lee
- Division of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chi Wu
- Division of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Su
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Efficacy-oriented compatibility for component-based Chinese medicine. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:654-8. [PMID: 25864650 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-target drugs have not achieved satisfactory therapeutic effects for complex diseases involving multiple factors. Instead, innovations in recent drug research and development have revealed the emergence of compound drugs, such as cocktail therapies and "polypills", as the frontier in new drug development. A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription that is usually composed of several medicinal herbs can serve a typical representative of compound medicines. Although the traditional compatibility theory of TCM cannot be well expressed using modern scientific language nowadays, the fundamental purpose of TCM compatibility can be understood as promoting efficacy and reducing toxicity. This paper introduces the theory and methods of efficacy-oriented compatibility for developing component-based Chinese medicines.
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Song J, Zhang W, Sun J, Xu X, Zhang X, Zhang L, Feng Z, Du GH. Pharmacokinetic study of salvianolic acid D after oral and intravenous administration in rats. Acta Pharm Sin B 2015; 5:246-53. [PMID: 26579453 PMCID: PMC4629266 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive, specific and rapid LC-MS method was developed and validated for the determination of salvianolic acid D (SalD) in rat plasma. This method used a single quadrupole mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. A single ion monitoring scanning (SIM) mode was employed. It showed good linearity over the concentration range from 3.3 to 666.7 ng/mL for the determination of SalD. The R.S.D.% of intra-day and inter-day precision values were no more than 7.69%, and the accuracy was within 91%−104% at all quality control levels. This LC-MS method was applied to the pharmacokinetic study of SalD in rats. A two-compartmental model analysis was employed. The plasma concentrations at 2 min (C2min) were 5756.06±719.61, 11,073.01±1783.46 and 21,077.58±5581.97 μg/L for 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg intravenous injection, respectively. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 333.08±61.21 μg/L for 4 mg/kg oral administration. The area under curve (AUC0−t) was 14,384.379±8443.184, 22,813.369±11,860.823, 46,406.122±27,592.645 and 8201.740±4711.961 μg/L·h for intravenous injection (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and oral administration (4 mg/kg), respectively. The bioavailability of SalD was calculated to be 4.159%±0.517%.
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Key Words
- AUC, the area under curve
- Analysis method
- Bioavailability
- CI, confidence interval
- CL, clearance
- Cmax, peak plasma concentration
- Danshen
- Dose proportionality
- ECE-1, endothelin converting enzyme 1
- ESI, electrospray ionization
- IS, internal standard
- LC-MS
- LLOQ, lower limit of quantification
- Pharmacokinetics
- QC, quality control
- R.E., relative error
- R.S.D., relative standard deviation
- SIM, single ion monitoring
- SalB, salvianolic acid B
- SalD, salvianolic acid D
- Salvia miltiorrhiza
- Salvianolic acid D
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicine
- ULOQ, upper limit of quantification
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Feng L, Fu S, Du W, Wang B, Li L, Zhu M, Liu C, Zhang J. Validation and application of an rapid HPLC-MS method for the determination of salvianic acid A in human plasma. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:771-7. [PMID: 25253802 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A rapid liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS-MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of salvianic acid A in plasma of Chinese healthy subjects after oral administration of Qishenyiqi dropping pills. After liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate, salvianic acid A was chromatographed on a Agilent Zorbax XDB-C18 column using a gradient mobile phase consisting of water (0.1% formic acid)-acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid) at a flow rate of 0.45 mL/min. The detection was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode, using the transitions of m/z 196.9→134.8 and m/z 320.9→151.9 for salvianic acid A and chloroamphenicol, respectively. The method was linear over the range of 0.50-500 ng/mL using only 100 μL of plasma and the lower limit of quantification was 0.50 ng/mL. Intra-day and inter-day precisions (in terms of % RSD) were all <15% and the accuracies (in terms of % RE) were within the range of±15%, and recoveries were between 85.0 and 115%. The validated method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of Qishenyiqi dropping pills in Chinese healthy subjects. After oral administration, Tmax and Cmax values were 1.33 ± 0.52 h and 21.1 ± 3.92 ng/mL, respectively. Plasma concentrations declined with t1/2Z of 1.76 ± 0.33 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Feng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Internal Medicine of Cardiovascular Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Shujun Fu
- Faculty of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Wuxun Du
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Internal Medicine of Cardiovascular Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Baohe Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Internal Medicine of Cardiovascular Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Tianjin Public Security Hospital, Tianjin 300042, China
| | - Mingdan Zhu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Internal Medicine of Cardiovascular Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Changyu Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Internal Medicine of Cardiovascular Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Internal Medicine of Cardiovascular Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China
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Wu L, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhang B, Cheng Y, Fan X. Identifying roles of "Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi" component herbs of QiShenYiQi formula in treating acute myocardial ischemia by network pharmacology. Chin Med 2014; 9:24. [PMID: 25342960 PMCID: PMC4196468 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-9-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of "Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi" (also known as "sovereign-minister-assistant-courier") component herbs of Chinese medicine is not fully understood. This study aims to test the "Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi" rule with the QiShenYiQi formula (QSYQ) on treating acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) by a network pharmacology approach. METHODS An Acute Myocardial Ischemia (AMI) specific Organism Disturbed Network (AMI-ODN), was constructed by integrating data of disease-associated genes, protein-protein interaction and microarray experiments. A network-based index, Network Recovery Index for Organism Disturbed Network (NRI-ODN), was developed to measure the therapeutic efficacy of QSYQ and its ingredients, i.e., the ability to recover disturbed AMI network model back to normal state. RESULTS The whole formula of QSYQ got a NRI-ODN score of 864.48, which outperformed all individual herbs. Additionally, the primary component herbs, Radix Astragalus membranaceus and Radix Salvia miltiorrrhiza showed NRI-DON score of 680.27 and 734.31 respectively, which meant a better performance to recover disturbed AMI network than the supplementary component herbs, Panax notoginseng and Dalbergia sissoo did (545.76 and 584.88, respectively). CONCLUSION AMI-ODN model and NRI-ODN identified the possible roles of "Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi" component herbs of QSYQ in treating AMI at molecular network and pathway level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leihong Wu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Boli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yiyu Cheng
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Li X, Wu L, Liu W, Jin Y, Chen Q, Wang L, Fan X, Li Z, Cheng Y. A network pharmacology study of Chinese medicine QiShenYiQi to reveal its underlying multi-compound, multi-target, multi-pathway mode of action. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95004. [PMID: 24817581 PMCID: PMC4015902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese medicine is a complex system guided by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theories, which has proven to be especially effective in treating chronic and complex diseases. However, the underlying modes of action (MOA) are not always systematically investigated. Herein, a systematic study was designed to elucidate the multi-compound, multi-target and multi-pathway MOA of a Chinese medicine, QiShenYiQi (QSYQ), on myocardial infarction. QSYQ is composed of Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi), Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), Panax notoginseng (Sanqi), and Dalbergia odorifera (Jiangxiang). Male Sprague Dawley rat model of myocardial infarction were administered QSYQ intragastrically for 7 days while the control group was not treated. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from myocardial infarction rat model treated with QSYQ, followed by constructing a cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related multilevel compound-target-pathway network connecting main compounds to those DEGs supported by literature evidences and the pathways that are functionally enriched in ArrayTrack. 55 potential targets of QSYQ were identified, of which 14 were confirmed in CVD-related literatures with experimental supporting evidences. Furthermore, three sesquiterpene components of QSYQ, Trans-nerolidol, (3S,6S,7R)-3,7,11-trimethyl-3,6-epoxy-1,10-dodecadien-7-ol and (3S,6R,7R)-3,7,11-trimethyl-3,6-epoxy-1,10-dodecadien-7-ol from Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen, were validated experimentally in this study. Their anti-inflammatory effects and potential targets including extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and heme oxygenase-1 were identified. Finally, through a three-level compound-target-pathway network with experimental analysis, our study depicts a complex MOA of QSYQ on myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leihong Wu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yecheng Jin
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linli Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiyu Cheng
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Han YQ, Wang J, Cui QX, Wang LQ, Cheng BF, Zhao HZ, Jiang M, Bai G, Luo GA. Absorption, metabolism and effect of compatibility on absorption of qishenyiqi dropping pill. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:554-63. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-qi Han
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-xin Cui
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Li-qiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-feng Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-zhi Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Bai
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-an Luo
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
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Lin SQ, Wei XH, Huang P, Liu YY, Zhao N, Li Q, Pan CS, Hu BH, Chang X, Fan JY, Yang XY, Wang CS, Liu HN, Han JY. QiShenYiQi Pills® prevents cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury via energy modulation. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:967-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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QiShenYiQi Pills, a Compound Chinese Medicine, Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Myocardial Structure Damage and Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:480597. [PMID: 23533487 PMCID: PMC3600323 DOI: 10.1155/2013/480597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ) is a compound Chinese medicine used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The present study investigated the effects of QSYQ on the Doxorubicin- (DOX-) induced disorders in rat cardiac structure and function and the possible mechanism underlying. A total of 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated by intraperitoneal injections with DOX at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, once every day for a total of 6 times. After the 6th injection, the rats were evaluated by echocardiographic analysis, and the animals with injured heart (n = 14) were divided into 2 groups and further treated with (n = 7) or without (n = 7) QSYQ by gavage at a dose of 0.2 g/day, once a day, over the next 2 weeks. Two weeks after QSYQ treatment, the following variables were assessed: myocardial blood flow (MBF) by Laser-Doppler Perfusion Imager, the ratio of heart weight to body weight (HW/BW), myocardial histology, myocardial content of ATP, AMP, free fatty acids (FFAs) and AMP/ATP by ELISA, and expression of PPARα, PGC-1α, and ATP 5D by Western blot. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Turkey test for multiple comparisons. DOX challenge significantly increased left ventricular internal diameter and HW/BW and decreased the thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall, the left ventricle ejection fraction, and the left ventricle fractional shortening. DOX also increased AMP, FFA, and AMP/ATP, decreased ATP, and downregulated the protein content of ATP 5D, PPAR α, and PGC-1 α. All these DOX-induced cardiac insults were attenuated significantly by QSYQ treatment. These results show the potential of QSYQ to ameliorate DOX-induced disorders in cardiac structure and function; this effect may be related to the increase in myocardial ATP content via the upregulation of ATP 5D, PPAR α, and PGC-1 α and the oxidation of FFA.
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Antiplatelet effects of qishen yiqi dropping pill in platelets aggregation in hyperlipidemic rabbits. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:205451. [PMID: 22969824 PMCID: PMC3434420 DOI: 10.1155/2012/205451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pill (QSYQ) on platelets aggregation and its possible mechanisms. Hyperlipidemic model in rabbits was produced by a high fat/cholesterol diet for 6 weeks, the therapeutic effect of QSYQ with 2.0 g/kg, 1.0 g/kg, and 0.5 g/kg was observed. Fourteen days after drug treatment, platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic acid (AA), and collagen (COLL) was significantly reduced in rabbits of model group. Moreover, β-thromboglobulin (β-TG) level decreased obviously but no significant change in P-selectin and platelet factor 4 (PF4) level, while QSYQ significantly decreased the ratio of thromboxane B2 (TXB(2)) to 6-keto-prostaglandin F(1α) (6-Keto-PGF(1α)) and increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level in rabbits. In summary, QSYQ can improve platelets aggregation and inhibit the over-release of β-TG in hyperlipidemic rabbits; and the increased cAMP level may be involved in this process. These results suggest that the antiplatelet aggregation effect of QSYQ may be due to its ability to increase cAMP level for improving cAMP metabolism.
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Wang Y, Zhao X, Gao X, Nie X, Yang Y, Fan X. Development of fluorescence imaging-based assay for screening cardioprotective compounds from medicinal plants. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 702:87-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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