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Kamolov IH, Semitko SP, Zhuravlev AS, Chernysheva IE, Tsereteli NV, Sandodze TS, Azarov AV, Fomin VV, Ioseliani DG. Anatomy of the coronary arteries and localization of coronary atherosclerosis in siblings with coronary heart disease. CONSILIUM MEDICUM 2022. [DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2022.10.201798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no doubt that there is a similar genetic predisposition in close relatives to the development of cardiovascular disease, while the features of coronary anatomy and possible commonality of pathological process in close relatives remain beyond research interest.
Aim. To study the anatomy of the coronary arteries, the nature and severity of coronary lesion in pairs of male siblings suffering from coronary artery disease, in comparison with control pairs of patients who are not closely related.
Materials and methods. This retrospective study included 87 male patients. The main group (58 patients or 29 couples) consisted of siblings with a horizontal hereditary burden for coronary artery disease. The control subgroup included 29 big brothers of the main group and another 29 patients who unrelated to them. To assess the degree of anatomy identity of the coronary bed in pairs of patients, we used a comparative characteristic of 25 segments of the coronary arteries (SyntaxScore). If there was similarity in anatomy and in the severity of the atherosclerotic process, each segment was assigned one point. In terms of the ratio of the total scores to the total number of segments (n=25), each pair of patients was assigned anatomical and atherosclerotic identity indexes.
Results. According to the results of the study, the average indices of anatomical and atherosclerotic identity indexes were significantly higher in pairs of sibs compared to control pairs of patients (0.92 versus 0.88, p=0.008 and 0.92 versus 0.76, p0.001 respectively). When analyzing atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries in pairs of sibs, a statistically significant coincidence of lesions in a number of segments of the coronary arteries was revealed, with the highest agreement in the left main coronary artery (=0.869, p0.001) and in the proximal segments of the main branches of the coronary arteries: left anterior descending artery (=0.786, p0.001) and right coronary artery (=0.812, p0.001). In the group of control pairs, such regularities were not revealed.
Conclusion. In siblings with horizontal hereditary burden for coronary artery disease along the sibling line, the average anatomical and atherosclerotic identity indexes are significantly higher compared to control pairs. In pairs of siblings, there is the highest and most reliable probability of developing coronary atherosclerosis in the left main coronary artery and in the proximal segments of the left anterior descending artery and right coronary artery.
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Taylan G, Ebik M, Solak S, Kaya Ç, Yalta K. Risk of premature coronary atherosclerosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:1428-1433. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Higny J, Dupont M. Cardiac CT findings in patients with family history of premature CAD: an observational study. Acta Cardiol 2021; 77:580-585. [PMID: 34431450 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2021.1967612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A family history of premature CAD may promote enhanced development of coronary atherosclerosis in a sibling population. Baseline CV algorithms may underestimate the risk of coronary incidents in individuals at familial risk. Cardiac CT provides high diagnostic performance for the detection of coronary plaques. There is little data on the use of this technology in the initial diagnostic approach of these patients. The prognostic value of early detection of coronary plaques by cardiac CT remains unknown in this population. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to estimate the global CV risk and the pre-test probability of CAD in patients with a family history of premature CAD. We investigated the potential role of cardiac CT imaging in the assessment of coronary risk in patients from high-risk families. We sought to remind the 2019 ESC guidelines for screening for CAD in asymptomatic subjects. METHODS Fifty siblings of patients with premature CAD were investigated. The pre-test probability of CAD was determined with the Clinical Model of the CAD consortium. The risk of CV disease was calculated and compared with three different risk algorithms (SCORE, FRS, PROCAM). All patients underwent cardiac CT with both non-contrast and contrast imaging. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring was calculated and CT angiograms were analyzed. Patients with suspected CT obstructive CAD underwent coronary angiography. Clinical outcomes in terms of treatment were analyzed. RESULTS The pre-test probability of CAD was low: CAD consortium <10% in 60%, SCORE <5% in 100%, FRS <10% in 88%, CAC scoring <100% in 68%. However, PROCAM was <10% in 16 cases (32%). Only 12 patients (24%) presented normal CCTA findings. In patients with abnormal CCTA findings (n = 38), PROCAM was higher than FRS in 20 patients (53%). Coronary angiography was performed in 31 cases (62%) for suspected CT obstructive CAD. Most patients presented no significant lesions (55%). Revascularization was performed in 8 patients (16%), 6 of them (75%) presented CAC scoring <100, 4 of them (50%) presented CAC scoring <400. After investigation, lipid-lowering therapy was enhanced by 66%. CONCLUSION Coronary atherosclerotic-phenotyping using cardiac CT may provide discriminatory information allowing earlier identification of patients at familial risk of premature CAD. This diagnostic workup strategy may help to guide and improve the management of these patients. However, there is a paucity of data concerning the prognostic significance of this technology in relatives at familial risk of premature CAD. Therefore, further randomized controlled trials are needed to assess the incremental risk-predictive value of this approach in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Higny
- Département de Pathologie Cardiovasculaire, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgique
| | - Michaël Dupont
- Département de Radiologie, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgique
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Çukurova Yilmaz Z, Tekin A. Relationship between the prevalence of soft tissue radiopacities on panoramic radiographs and medical conditions. MINERVA STOMATOLOGICA 2020; 69:235-244. [PMID: 32181615 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4970.20.04329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to describe radiographic characteristics and the prevalence of selected anatomical structures and soft tissue radiopacities on panoramic radiographs and their relationship to medical conditions. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 814 consecutive patients aged 35-88 years and their panoramic radiographs. Soft tissue calcifications found in the mandibular angle area were recorded according to gender, age, and bilaterally. Patient medical records were reviewed for atherogenic risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, chronic renal disease, menopause, drug usage and any other systemic condition. Data were analyzed with the χ<sup>2</sup> test and Fisher's Exact test; P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Among the 814 patients, a total of 74 (9.1%) calcified carotid artery atheromas (CCAA) were identified, of which 34 (4.17%), 40 (3.19%), and 14 (1.7%) were right, left, and bilateral, respectively. Orthopantomographic examination revealed triticeous cartilage (7.3%) in the cervical bifurcation region, asymptomatic styloid process elongation 192 (23.5%), tonsilloliths 27 (3.3%), sialoliths 37 (4.5%), calcified lymph nodes 46 (5.7%), impacted roots 109 (13.4%), and foreign radiopaque materials 23 (%2.8). There was a significant age and gender difference between type II diabetes and CCAA. A positive correlation was found between styloid process elongation and temporomandibular joint disorders and antidepressant use. CONCLUSIONS Soft tissue radiopacities can be a validated risk indicator of cardiovascular events or misdiagnosed pain. Dental practitioners must be aware of these atypical findings as they may be related to serious disease states and may require referral for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Çukurova Yilmaz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medipol University School of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey -
| | - Alperen Tekin
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Medipol University School of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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5
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Atkins PW, Perez HA, Spence JD, Muñoz SE, Armando LJ, García NH. Increased carotid plaque burden in patients with family medical history of premature cardiovascular events in the absence of classical risk factors. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1388-1396. [PMID: 31749866 PMCID: PMC6855146 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.84677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The hypothesis that relates atherosclerosis to traditional risk factors (TRF) seems to be not as adequate as previously thought; other risk factors (RF) need to be considered to prevent atherosclerosis progression. Although a family medical history of premature cardiovascular events (FHx) has been considered the putative RF for decades, it has not been incorporated routinely into cardiovascular risk evaluation along with another RF. The objective of this study was to investigate whether FHx is associated with a higher atherosclerotic burden, measured as carotid total plaque area (TPA) in a population having no traditional RF. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 4,351 primary care patients in Argentina. After excluding a personal history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and TRF: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, smoking history, and body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/cm2, 34 patients with FHx were identified. Compared to 56 matched controls TPA was 86% higher in FHx patients (p < 0.05). A second analysis performed in hypertensive patients but no other TRF; 32 patients with FHx were identified. RESULTS Compared with 44 matched controls, TPA was 77% higher in FHx patients (p < 0.05). A final analysis using a generalized linear model with TPA progression as the response variable suggests that TPA progresses more rapidly in FHx patients compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS The FHx was associated with increased TPA burden and progression in the absence of other TRF. This supports ultrasound screening in FHx patients in order to detect high-risk patients who may benefit from early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W. Atkins
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - J. David Spence
- Stroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sonia E. Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud FCM (INICSA-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Néstor H. García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud FCM (INICSA-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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6
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Mirzaeipour F, Seyedmazhari M, Pishgooie AH, Hazaryan M. Assessment of risk factors for coronary artery disease in military personnel: A study from Iran. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:1347-1351. [PMID: 31143719 PMCID: PMC6510073 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_109_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the most significant cause of mortality. Although the risk factors of this disease are well known, the strength of these factors varies in different populations and needs to be investigated. Aim: The aim of this study is to estimate the amount of the effect of each classic risk factor on CAD (coronary artery disease) among Aja personnel. Materials and Methods: This matched case-control study was conducted on 1000 male Aja personnel admitted selecting Aja hospitals in Tehran in 2017. The samples were selected using purposive-graded sampling method. The 250 military patients hospitalized for CAD were considered as a case group. Each case was individually matched for age and service force with tree military patients without CAD. Data were gathered using standard demographic information and history of risk factors questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 23 and statistical tests. Odds ratio measured trough Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test and used to estimate the amount of the effect of each classic risk factors on CAD. Results: Data analysis indicated that the risk factors including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, hypertension, and positive family history of CAD enhance the probability of CAD as much as 79.2%, 77.3%, 67.7%, 64.1%, and 56.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Diabetes and other modifiable risk factors have the greatest impact on CAD among the concerned Aja personnel. Hence, the authorities can consider the independent amount of the effect of each risk factor and modify them in order to prevent the disease more effectively and purposefully among the personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Mirzaeipour
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Seyedmazhari
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hosein Pishgooie
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hazaryan
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Brito ACRD, Nascimento HAR, Argento R, Beline T, Ambrosano GMB, Freitas DQ. Prevalence of suggestive images of carotid artery calcifications on panoramic radiographs and its relationship with predisposing factors. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2016; 21:2201-8. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232015217.06622015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Panoramic radiographs (PR) can display radiopaque images suggestive of calcified atheroma in the carotid artery in asymptomatic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of these images on PR and their linkage with hypertension, obesity, age, gender and smoking habits. PR of 505 patients were evaluated. They were older than 30 years old and their PR had been taken for different clinical reasons. Their body mass index was calculated; their waist circumference was also taken into consideration. Information about smoking habits and hypertension was obtained. The observers analyzed the presence of radiopaque mass in the region of the cervical vertebrae C3-C4 through the PR, confirmed by an antero-posterior (AP) radiograph. The results showed a 7.92% prevalence of suggestive images of calcifications on PR and on AP radiograph. The adjusted Odds Ratio showed association with age and smoking habits. The calcification process is almost nine times higher for the elderly when compared to the young. As far as smokers are concerned, this process is twice worse when compared to no smokers. In conclusion, 7.92% of the group studied presented suggestive images of carotid atherosclerosis on PR, which is directly associated with the age and smoking habits.
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8
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Shahzadi S, Shabana, Chaudhry M, Arooj I, Hasnain S. A Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism in C12orf43 Region is Associated with the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in a Pakistani Cohort. Biochem Genet 2016; 54:676-84. [PMID: 27263109 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-016-9746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading public health problems associated with mortality and morbidity in the world. It is a complex disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Atherosclerosis and elevated levels of plasma cholesterol contribute to increased risk for CAD. Other risk factors include age, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, smoking, and family history. Previous genetic studies have identified multiple polymorphisms in various genes to be associated with the risk of CAD in different populations. We aimed to examine the association of MRAS/rs9818870 and C12orf43/rs2258287 polymorphisms with the risk of CAD in a Pakistani sample. A total of 200 samples (100 cases and 100 controls) was analyzed by Allele-specific PCR. Genotypes were determined by agarose gel electrophoresis. In the current study, locus C12orf43/rs2258287 was found to be associated with the risk of CAD in the studied Pakistani cohort (OR 0.18; CI 0.08-0.37; p = 0.0001) while no association was observed for MRAS/rs9818870 (OR 1.34; CI 0.65-2.76; p = 0.42). In conclusion, the rs2258287 SNP may play an important role in the progression of CAD in the Pakistani subjects. However, future studies should be done on a larger sample size to fully establish its exact role in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafiqa Shahzadi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shabana
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Mamoonah Chaudhry
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Arooj
- The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shahida Hasnain
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
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Hindieh W, Pilote L, Cheema A, Al-Lawati H, Labos C, Dufresne L, Engert JC, Thanassoulis G. Association Between Family History, a Genetic Risk Score, and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Premature Acute Coronary Syndromes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1286-92. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
A genetic risk score (GRS) for coronary artery disease has recently been shown to be independent of family history (FHx) in predicting future cardiovascular events. We sought to determine whether the presence of these risk factors, either individually or together, was associated with a higher burden of angiographic coronary artery disease.
Approach and Results—
We included 763 patients with premature acute coronary syndrome (median age, 50 [46–53] years; 30.8% women) with at least 1 major epicardial vessel stenosis enrolled in the Gender and Sex Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease From Bench to Beyond in Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome (GENESIS-PRAXY) study, a multicentre prospective cohort study of premature patients with acute coronary syndrome (aged ≤55 years). The prevalence of multivessel disease (ie, ≥2 vessels with >50% stenosis) in individuals with FHx was 49.7% as compared with 37.9% in those without FHx (
P
<0.01 for comparison). In adjusted models for age, sex, traditional risk factors, and GRS, FHx was associated with a higher prevalence of 3-vessel disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.91–2.21;
P
=0.12 for 2-vessel disease and OR, 2.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.29–3.95;
P
=0.005 for 3-vessel disease). Individuals with a high GRS were also more likely to have multivessel disease (OR, 1.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.99;
P
=0.047) after adjustment for traditional risk factors, including FHx. Individuals with both a FHx and a high GRS as compared with those with neither had the highest ORs for multivessel disease (adjusted OR, 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.24–3.69;
P
=0.0064).
Conclusions—
In patients with premature acute coronary syndrome, the presence of either a high GRS or FHx is associated with greater severity of coronary artery disease at angiography. Whether preventive strategies targeted to genetically predisposed individuals will reduce the burden of early acute coronary syndrome warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Hindieh
- From the Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada (W.H., L.P., C.L., J.C.E., G.T.); Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C., H.A.-L.); and McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (L.D., J.C.E.)
| | - Louise Pilote
- From the Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada (W.H., L.P., C.L., J.C.E., G.T.); Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C., H.A.-L.); and McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (L.D., J.C.E.)
| | - Asim Cheema
- From the Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada (W.H., L.P., C.L., J.C.E., G.T.); Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C., H.A.-L.); and McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (L.D., J.C.E.)
| | - Hatim Al-Lawati
- From the Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada (W.H., L.P., C.L., J.C.E., G.T.); Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C., H.A.-L.); and McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (L.D., J.C.E.)
| | - Christopher Labos
- From the Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada (W.H., L.P., C.L., J.C.E., G.T.); Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C., H.A.-L.); and McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (L.D., J.C.E.)
| | - Line Dufresne
- From the Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada (W.H., L.P., C.L., J.C.E., G.T.); Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C., H.A.-L.); and McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (L.D., J.C.E.)
| | - James C. Engert
- From the Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada (W.H., L.P., C.L., J.C.E., G.T.); Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C., H.A.-L.); and McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (L.D., J.C.E.)
| | - George Thanassoulis
- From the Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada (W.H., L.P., C.L., J.C.E., G.T.); Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.C., H.A.-L.); and McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada (L.D., J.C.E.)
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Nawaz SK, Noreen A, Rani A, Yousaf M, Arshad M. Association of the rs10757274 SNP with coronary artery disease in a small group of a Pakistani population. Anatol J Cardiol 2015; 15:709-15. [PMID: 25592106 PMCID: PMC5368478 DOI: 10.5152/akd.2014.5470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the association between the rs10757274 SNP (present on locus 9p21 in the gene for CDKN2B-AS1) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in a local population of Pakistan. Methods: It was a case-control study. An allele-specific PCR-based strategy was used for the identification of genotypes. A total of 350 samples were used for the investigation, out of which 220 samples were CAD patients and 130 samples were normal healthy individuals. Effects of parameters, like family history of CAD, smoking, presence of diabetes, and hypertension, in changing the chances of CAD were studied. Odds ratio was estimated with 95% confidence interval. Results: A strong association was observed between CAD and factors, like smoking (OR: 1.666; 95% CI: 1.042-2.664), presence of hypertension (OR: 26.55; 95% CI: 15.95-44.20), diabetes (OR: 3.009; 95% CI: 1.841-4.920), and family history of CAD (OR: 4.9; 95% CI: 2.965-8.099). Results for the association between the genotype on the basis of rs10757274 showed a strong association between the GG genotype and the occurrence of CAD (OR: 9.603; 95% CI: 5.746-16.05). Conclusion: The present results suggest the importance of the 9p21 locus in modulating the chances of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Kashif Nawaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sargodha; Sargodha-Pakistan.
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Status of hypertension and coronary stenosis in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients: analysis from Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography Registry. Int J Cardiol 2014; 174:282-7. [PMID: 24767751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data exist regarding the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) as well as clinical outcomes in asymptomatic diabetic patients with normotension, controlled hypertension, and uncontrolled hypertension. METHODS We enrolled 935 consecutive asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients without known CAD. Coronary computed tomography angiography was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of CAD. Blood pressure was measured at baseline. Patients were assigned to one of the three groups: normotension (n=314), controlled hypertension (systolic blood pressure (SBP)< 140 mm Hg with treatment, n=458), or uncontrolled hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mm Hg with or without treatment, n=163). RESULTS Obstructive CAD (≥ 50% stenosis) increased from the prevalence in normotensive patients (33%) to that in patients with controlled (40%) or uncontrolled hypertension (52%) (p=0.003). The incidence of obstructive CAD in multivessel or left main CAD also increased across the three groups (13%, 21%, 32%, respectively, p<0.001). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that uncontrolled hypertension was an independent predictor of obstructive CAD (adjusted odds ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.42 to 3.21, p<0.001). During a median follow-up of 3.1 years, uncontrolled hypertension was associated with increased risk of cardiac death or myocardial infarction compared to the risk in normotensive patients (hazard ratio, 6.11; 95% CI, 1.65 to 22.6, p=0.007). CONCLUSION In asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients, uncontrolled hypertension was associated with increased risk of CAD and poor clinical outcomes.
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Suh B, Shin DW, Lee SP, Lee H, Lee H, Park EA, Cho B. Family history of coronary heart disease is more strongly associated with coronary than with carotid atherosclerosis in healthy asymptomatic adults. Atherosclerosis 2014; 233:584-589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Habib PJ, Green J, Butterfield RC, Kuntz GM, Murthy R, Kraemer DF, Percy RF, Miller AB, Strom JA. Association of cardiac events with coronary artery disease detected by 64-slice or greater coronary CT angiography: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2013; 169:112-20. [PMID: 24090745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The value of ≥64-slice coronary CT angiography (CCTA) to determine odds of cardiac death or non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) needs further clarification. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis using publications reporting events/severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with suspected CAD undergoing CCTA. Patients were divided into: no CAD, non-obstructive CAD (maximal stenosis <50%), and obstructive CAD (≥50% stenosis). Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a fixed or random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2) index. RESULTS We included thirty-two studies comprising 41,960 patients with 363 all-cause deaths (15.0%), 114 cardiac deaths (4.7%), 342 MI (14.2%), 69 unstable angina (2.8%), and 1527 late revascularizations (63.2%) over 1.96 (SD 0.77) years of follow-up. Cardiac death or MI occurred in 0.04% without, 1.29% with non-obstructive, and 6.53% with obstructive CAD. OR for cardiac death or MI was: 14.92 (95% CI, 6.78 to 32.85) for obstructive CAD, 6.41 (95% CI, 2.44 to 16.84) for non-obstructive CAD versus no CAD, and 3.19 (95% CI, 2.29 to 4.45) for non-obstructive versus obstructive CAD and 6.56 (95% CI, 3.07 to 14.02) for no versus any CAD. Similar trends were noted for all-cause mortality and composite major adverse cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS Increasing CAD severity detected by CCTA is associated with cardiac death or MI, all-cause mortality, and composite major adverse cardiovascular events. Absence of CAD is associated with very low odds of major adverse events, but non-obstructive disease significantly increases odds of cardiac adverse events in this follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Habib
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, United States
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Yorgun H, Canpolat U, Aytemir K, Hazırolan T, Sunman H, Ateş AH, Sahiner L, Karahan S, Kaya EB, Tokgözoğlu L, Kabakçı G, Oto A. Prognosis of patients with mild-moderate coronary artery stenosis detected by coronary computed tomography angiography. Int J Cardiol 2012. [PMID: 23201082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to the diagnostic performance, coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) can give important data regarding the prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study we aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of coronary CTA in patients with suspected CAD and mild-moderate coronary stenosis. METHODS A total of 1115 patients (602 male, 54%; age 58.4 ± 11.4) without previous CAD were enrolled. Patients underwent coronary CTA imaging using dual-source 64-slice CT scanner. For categorization of the coronary atherosclerotic plaques (CAP), the coronary system was divided into 16 separate segments. For each segment, CAPs were categorized as: calcified, noncalcified and mixed. RESULTS During follow-up of 29.7 ± 13.2 months, cardiovascular events defined as ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (4 patients), non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (5 patients) and unstable angina pectoris (20 patients) requiring revascularization or hospital admission were recorded. Cox hazard regression analysis revealed an association between the severity of luminal stenosis (HR: 4.73, 95% CI: 1.36-16.47, p<0.05) and extent (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00-1.22, p=0.051) and the adverse coronary events in the follow-up. Multivariate Cox hazard regression analysis revealed that nonobstructive (≤ 50%) lesions were the only factor causing increased probability of coronary events in the follow-up (HR: 4.77, 95% CI: 1.36-16.74, p<0.05). CONCLUSION The presence and severity of luminal stenosis shown by coronary CTA were associated with prognosis of coronary events in the follow-up. These results may improve the risk stratification in patients evaluated by coronary CTA and provide strategies for the individualized prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmet Yorgun
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Ankara, Turkey
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Qureshi W, Blaha MJ, Nasir K, Al-Mallah MH. Gender differences in coronary plaque composition and burden detected in symptomatic patients referred for coronary computed tomographic angiography. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2012; 29:463-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-012-0098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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