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Peymani P, Dehesh T, Aligolighasemabadi F, Sadeghdoust M, Kotfis K, Ahmadi M, Mehrbod P, Iranpour P, Dastghaib S, Nasimian A, Ravandi A, Kidane B, Ahmed N, Sharma P, Shojaei S, Bagheri Lankarani K, Madej A, Rezaei N, Madrakian T, Los MJ, Labouta HI, Mokarram P, Ghavami S. Statins in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study in Iranian COVID-19 patients. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 6:3. [PMID: 33521322 PMCID: PMC7829327 DOI: 10.1186/s41231-021-00082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has profoundly affected the lives of millions of people. To date, there is no approved vaccine or specific drug to prevent or treat COVID-19, while the infection is globally spreading at an alarming rate. Because the development of effective vaccines or novel drugs could take several months (if not years), repurposing existing drugs is considered a more efficient strategy that could save lives now. Statins constitute a class of lipid-lowering drugs with proven safety profiles and various known beneficial pleiotropic effects. Our previous investigations showed that statins have antiviral effects and are involved in the process of wound healing in the lung. This triggered us to evaluate if statin use reduces mortality in COVID-19 patients. RESULTS After initial recruitment of 459 patients with COVID-19 (Shiraz province, Iran) and careful consideration of the exclusion criteria, a total of 150 patients, of which 75 received statins, were included in our retrospective study. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to estimate the association between statin use and rate of death. After propensity score matching, we found that statin use appeared to be associated with a lower risk of morbidity [HR = 0.85, 95% CI = (0.02, 3.93), P = 0.762] and lower risk of death [(HR = 0.76; 95% CI = (0.16, 3.72), P = 0.735)]; however, these associations did not reach statistical significance. Furthermore, statin use reduced the chance of being subjected to mechanical ventilation [OR = 0.96, 95% CI = (0.61-2.99), P = 0.942] and patients on statins showed a more normal computed tomography (CT) scan result [OR = 0.41, 95% CI = (0.07-2.33), P = 0.312]. CONCLUSIONS Although we could not demonstrate a significant association between statin use and a reduction in mortality in patients with COVID19, we do feel that our results are promising and of clinical relevance and warrant the need for prospective randomized controlled trials and extensive retrospective studies to further evaluate and validate the potential beneficial effects of statin treatment on clinical symptoms and mortality rates associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Peymani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tania Dehesh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farnaz Aligolighasemabadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadamin Sadeghdoust
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Katarzyna Kotfis
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Acute Intoxications, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of IRAN, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooya Iranpour
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Shiraz Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Namazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nasimian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Section of Cardiology, St. Boniface Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - Biniam Kidane
- Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Shahla Shojaei
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Andrzej Madej
- Faculty of Medicine, Katowice School of Technology, 40-555 Katowice, Poland
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Marek J. Los
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Hagar Ibrahim Labouta
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Katowice School of Technology, 40-555 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
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Andersson U, Ottestad W, Tracey KJ. Extracellular HMGB1: a therapeutic target in severe pulmonary inflammation including COVID-19? Mol Med 2020; 26:42. [PMID: 32380958 PMCID: PMC7203545 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) causes for unresolved reasons acute respiratory distress syndrome in vulnerable individuals. There is a need to identify key pathogenic molecules in COVID-19-associated inflammation attainable to target with existing therapeutic compounds. The endogenous damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule HMGB1 initiates inflammation via two separate pathways. Disulfide-HMGB1 triggers TLR4 receptors generating pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Extracellular HMGB1, released from dying cells or secreted by activated innate immunity cells, forms complexes with extracellular DNA, RNA and other DAMP or pathogen-associated molecular (DAMP) molecules released after lytic cell death. These complexes are endocytosed via RAGE, constitutively expressed at high levels in the lungs only, and transported to the endolysosomal system, which is disrupted by HMGB1 at high concentrations. Danger molecules thus get access to cytosolic proinflammatory receptors instigating inflammasome activation. It is conceivable that extracellular SARS-CoV-2 RNA may reach the cellular cytosol via HMGB1-assisted transfer combined with lysosome leakage. Extracellular HMGB1 generally exists in vivo bound to other molecules, including PAMPs and DAMPs. It is plausible that these complexes are specifically removed in the lungs revealed by a 40% reduction of HMGB1 plasma levels in arterial versus venous blood. Abundant pulmonary RAGE expression enables endocytosis of danger molecules to be destroyed in the lysosomes at physiological HMGB1 levels, but causing detrimental inflammasome activation at high levels. Stress induces apoptosis in pulmonary endothelial cells from females but necrosis in cells from males. CONCLUSION Based on these observations we propose extracellular HMGB1 to be considered as a therapeutic target for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Andersson
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William Ottestad
- Air Ambulance department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin J. Tracey
- Center for Biomedical Science and Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, 11030 USA
- Department of Surgery, North Shore University Hospital, Northwell Health, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
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3
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Zhang W, Zhu T, Chen L, Luo W, Chao J. MCP-1 mediates ischemia-reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via MCPIP1 and CaSR. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 318:H59-H71. [PMID: 31774703 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00308.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) plays a crucial role in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury; however, the detailed mechanism of MCP-1 in I/R injury-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis remains unclear. In this study, we explored the cascade downstream of I/R-induced MCP-1 that modulates cell apoptosis and determined whether Ca2+-sensing receptors (CaSRs) are involved in the process. Protein levels were detected in a cardiac muscle cell line (HL-1) and primary cultured neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes using Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Released MCP-1 was detected using ELISA. Both Hoechst staining and flow cytometry methods were used to measure cell apoptosis. Specific pharmacological inhibitors of CC chemokine receptor 2 (RS-102895) and CaSR (NPS-2143) as well as a CaSR activator (evocalcet) were applied to confirm the roles of these factors in I/R-induced cell apoptosis. I/R inhibited cell viability and upregulated cell apoptosis. Moreover, I/R induced the release of MCP-1 from both HL-1 cells and primary cardiomyocytes. Further research confirmed that CaSR acted as an upstream effector of monocyte chemotactic protein-1-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1) and coordinately regulated cell apoptosis, which was verified by addition of an inhibitor or activator of CaSR. Moreover, MCPIP1 induced cell apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress but not autophagy induced by I/R. Based on these findings, I/R-induced MCP-1 release regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the MCPIP1 and CaSR pathways, suggesting a new therapeutic strategy for I/R injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced monocyte chemotactic protein-1 release regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the monocyte chemotactic protein-1-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1) and Ca2+-sensing receptor pathway. The functional changes mediated by MCPIP1 involve the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, but not the autophagy pathway, after I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tiebing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Respiration, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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4
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Wang Y, Wang L, Gong Z. Regulation of Acetylation in High Mobility Group Protein B1 Cytosol Translocation. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:491-499. [PMID: 30874449 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone that mainly binds to nucleus DNA. As an important late inflammatory transmitter, extracellular HMGB1 is involved in the inflammatory immune response, tumor growth, infiltration, and metastasis. HMGB1 is actively released by activated inflammatory cells or passively released by necrotic cells. Then the released extracellular HMGB1 further induces monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells to secrete inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, HMGB1 can not only act as a proinflammatory factor to directly involve in tissue damage, but also acts as an inflammatory medium to aggravate the inflammatory cascade reaction. Studies have shown that the post-translational modification (PTM) participated in the process of HMGB1 cytosol translocation and extracellular release. The acetylation modification is the most common PTM for localization sequence of HMGB1, and the affinity of HMGB1 to DNA depends on the degree of acetylation for HMGB1. The acetylation can weaken the binding of HMGB1 to DNA, which means less HMGB1 cytosol translocation and extracellular release. This article reviews the acetylation regulation mechanisms of cytosol translocation and extracellular release of HMGB1 and provides a therapeutic strategy for controlling HMGB1-induced inflammatory responses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Luwen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuojiong Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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5
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Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is one of the most abundant proteins in eukaryotes and the best characterized damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). The biological activities of HMGB1 depend on its subcellular location, context and post-translational modifications. Inside the nucleus, HMGB1 is engaged in many DNA events such as DNA repair, transcription regulation and genome stability; in the cytoplasm, its main function is to regulate the autophagic flux while in the extracellular environment, it possesses more complicated functions and it is involved in a large variety of different processes such as inflammation, migration, invasion, proliferation, differentiation and tissue regeneration. Due to this pleiotropy, the role of HMGB1 has been vastly investigated in various pathological diseases and a large number of studies have explored its function in cardiovascular pathologies. However, in this contest, the precise mechanism of action of HMGB1 and its therapeutic potential are still very controversial since is debated whether HMGB1 is involved in tissue damage or plays a role in tissue repair and regeneration. The main focus of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of HMGB1 in different ischemic heart diseases and to discuss its functions in these pathological conditions.
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Zhang H, Lu X, Liu Z, Du K. Rosuvastatin reduces the pro-inflammatory effects of adriamycin on the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE in rats. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3415-3423. [PMID: 30320373 PMCID: PMC6202077 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosuvastatin has cardiac protective effects through its anti‑inflammatory effects. The nuclear protein high‑mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) can activate inflammatory pathways when released from dying cells. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of rosuvastatin in adriamycin (ADR)‑treated rats. Adult male rats were randomized to three groups: i) Control group, ii) ADR group, and iii) ADR+rosuvastatin group. Serum biochemical indices were measured using an enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. The expression of HMGB1 and receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) were assessed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Cytokines were measured using flow cytometry. Rosuvastatin improved the biochemical indices and cardiac morphology and alleviated the pathological lesions. In the ADR+rosuvastatin group, the mRNA and protein levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in the myocardium were significantly lower compared with those in the ADR group (both P<0.05). The results showed that rosuvastatin significantly reduced the levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in the myocardium of the ADR‑treated rats. These results suggest that the protective effects of rosuvastatin may be associated with attenuation of the HMGB1/RAGE‑mediated inflammatory response in ADR‑treated rats. Despite this protective effect of rosuvastatin in the present study, it did not improve cardiac function in terms of the diastolic left ventricular internal dimension, systolic left ventricular internal dimension, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening; this may be due the observation duration being insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Zhengxia Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Kang Du
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Yang MY, Diao ZY, Wang ZY, Yan GJ, Zhao GF, Zheng MM, Dai AY, Dai YM, Hu YL. Pravastatin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced placental TLR4 over-activation and promotes uterine arteriole remodeling without impairing rat fetal development. J Biomed Res 2018; 32:288-297. [PMID: 30008464 PMCID: PMC6117606 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.32.20180039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is associated with over-activation of the innate immune system in the placenta, in which toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays an essential part. With their potent anti-inflammatory effects, statins have been suggested as potential prevention or treatment of preeclampsia, although evidence remains inadequate. Herewith, we investigated whether pravastatin could ameliorate preeclampsia-like phenotypes in a previously established lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat preeclampsia model, through targeting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. The results showed that pravastatin reduced the blood pressure [maximum decline on gestational day (GD) 12, (101.33±2.49) mmHg vs. (118.3±1.37) mmHg, P<0.05] and urine protein level [maximum decline on GD9, (3,726.23±1,572.86)μg vs. (1,991.03±609.37)μg, P<0.05], which were elevated following LPS administration. Pravastatin also significantly reduced the rate of fetal growth restriction in LPS-treated rats (34.10% vs. 8.99%, P<0.05). Further pathological analyses suggested a restoration of normal spiral artery remodeling in preeclampsia rats by pravastatin treatment. These effects of pravastatin were associated with decreased TLR4/NF-κB protein levels in the placenta and IL-6/MCP-1 levels in serum. Additionally, no obvious abnormalities in fetal liver, brain, and kidney were found after administration of pravastatin. These results provide supportive evidence for use of pravastatin in preventing preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Yi Yang
- Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Diao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Zhi-Yin Wang
- Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Gui-Jun Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Guang-Feng Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Ming-Ming Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - An-Yi Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Yi-Min Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Ya-Li Hu
- Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
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8
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Xie X, Zhu T, Chen L, Ding S, Chu H, Wang J, Yao H, Chao J. MCPIP1-induced autophagy mediates ischemia/reperfusion injury in endothelial cells via HMGB1 and CaSR. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1735. [PMID: 29379093 PMCID: PMC5788920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) plays a important role in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Autophagy is involved in activating endothelial cells in response to I/R. However, researchers have not clearly determined whether MCPIP1 mediates I/R injury in endothelial cells via autophagy, and its downstream mechanism remains unclear. Western blotting analyses and immunocytochemistry were applied to detect protein levels were detected in HUVECs. An in vitro scratch assay was used to detect cell migration. Cells were transfected with siRNAs to knockdown MCPIP1 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expression. The pharmacological activator of autophagy rapamycin and the specific calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) inhibitor NPS-2143 were used to confirm the roles of autophagy and CaSR in I/R injury. I/R induced HMGB1 and CaSR expression, which subsequently upreguated the migration and apoptosis of HUVECs and coincided with the increase of autophagy. HMGB1 was involved in cell migration, whereas CaSR specifically participated in I/R-induced HUVEC apoptosis. Based on these findings, I/R-induced MCPIP1 expression regulates the migration and apoptosis of HUVECs via HMGB1 and CaSR, respectively, suggesting a new therapeutic targetof I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Tiebing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China. .,Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Shuang Ding
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Han Chu
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.,Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China. .,Department of Respiration, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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