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Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Schulz U, Konicek C, Pees M. Evaluation of diagnostic criteria in grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) with suspected atherosclerosis. TIERÄRZTLICHE PRAXIS AUSGABE K: KLEINTIERE / HEIMTIERE 2022; 50:411-422. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1925-7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Ziel Atherosklerose ist eine häufige Erkrankung älterer Papageienvögel, die in Gefangenschaft mit unzureichenden Haltungsbedingungen leben. Die Diagnose beim lebenden Vogel bleibt jedoch schwierig und die Krankheit wird oft erst post mortem erkannt. In diesem Zusammenhang sollte der diagnostische Wert beschriebener Methoden bei lebenden Graupapageien (Psittacus erithacus) untersucht werden.
Material und Methoden Es wurden 7 klinisch gesunde Graupapageien und 32 Graupapageien mit Verdacht auf Atherosklerose evaluiert. Ein Gesamtbewertungssystem wurde auf der Grundlage klinischer Symptome, der Messung des Cholesterin- und Triglyceridspiegels im Blut, einer radiologischen Untersuchung und eines Echokardiogramms in B-Mode bestimmt. Darüber hinaus wurden Messungen der Blutflussgeschwindigkeit in der Aortenwurzel, der Herzfrequenz und des Geschwindigkeits-Zeit-Integrals unter Verwendung der spektralen Doppler-Ultraschallfunktion durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Die Gesamtscoring- und Einzelmesswerte korrelierten mit radiologischen Zeichen. Messungen der Blutflussgeschwindigkeit in der Aortenwurzel zeigten hochsignifikante Unterschiede zwischen den klinisch gesunden Tieren und der Patientengruppe. Signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen wurden des Weiteren im Vergleich der Gesamtbewertung und den Voruntersuchungen gefunden.
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse belegen, dass die Kombination der spektralen Doppler-Ultraschalluntersuchung mit anderen diagnostischen Möglichkeiten genutzt werden kann, um den Verdacht auf Atherosklerose zu erhärten und mehr Informationen über den Kreislaufstatus des Patienten zu geben.
Klinische Relevanz Die so gewonnenen Informationen ermöglichen es dem Tierarzt, eine frühe intra vitam Verdachtsdiagnose Atherosklerose zu stellen und früher mit der Behandlung zu beginnen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cornelia Konicek
- Department of Small Animal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
| | - Michael Pees
- Department of Small Mammal, Reptile and Avian Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover
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2
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Basdeki ED, Koumi K, Tsirimiagkou C, Argyris A, Chrysostomou S, Sfikakis PP, Protogerou AD, Karatzi K. Late-Night Overeating or Low-Quality Food Choices Late at Night Are Associated with Subclinical Vascular Damage in Patients at Increased Cardiovascular Risk. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030470. [PMID: 35276835 PMCID: PMC8840219 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-night overeating (LNO) is associated with several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Limited data exist regarding the association between late-night (LN) systematic food consumption, LNO, and LN poor food quality with subclinical vascular damage (SVD) which precedes the onset of CVD. This study aimed to investigate the above associations with SVD in a large sample of adults, free of established CVD, with one or more CVD risk factors. In total, 901 adults (45.2% males) underwent anthropometric, dietary (through two 24 h dietary recalls) and vascular assessment. LN systematic eating was defined as consumption of food after 19:00 h in both dietary recalls and LNO was defined as systematic consumption of >40% of daily total energy intake (dTEI) after 19:00 h. Systematic LN food consumption was inversely associated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (−1.44 95% C.I. (−2.76, −0.12)) after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, BMI and dTEI. LNO was positively associated with existence of carotid plaques (1.70 95% C.I. (1.07, 2.68)), while LN increased consumption of red meat, refined grains and wine and low consumption of whole wheat grains was positively associated with Aix (Augmentation Index) (0.84 95% C.I. (0.09, 1.59)), after adjusting for all the mentioned confounders. Systematic LN eating is associated with lower DBP while systematic LNO and consumption of poor-quality food late at night, is associated with SVD. Further research is needed to define more accurately the impact of LN eating habits on vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini D. Basdeki
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (E.D.B.); (C.T.); (A.A.); (A.D.P.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Kallithea, Greece
| | - Konstantina Koumi
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (K.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Christiana Tsirimiagkou
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (E.D.B.); (C.T.); (A.A.); (A.D.P.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Kallithea, Greece
| | - Antonios Argyris
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (E.D.B.); (C.T.); (A.A.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Stavri Chrysostomou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (K.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Petros P. Sfikakis
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanase D. Protogerou
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece; (E.D.B.); (C.T.); (A.A.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Kalliopi Karatzi
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
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3
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Zhao Y, Chen W, Liu Y, Li H, Chi J, Chang Q, Shen L, Yan R, Li J, Yin X, Fu Y. Promoting plaque stability by gene silencing of monocyte chemotactic protein-3 or overexpression of tissue factor pathway inhibitor in ApoE-/- mice. J Drug Target 2021; 29:669-675. [PMID: 33472448 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1878363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines may promote the formation and instability of atherosclerotic plaque, which is the most common cause of acute coronary syndrome. The aim of this study was to clarify the function of monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3) in the stability of atherosclerotic plaque, to determine the role of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) on the development and stability of atherosclerotic plaques, and to further elucidate the anti-atherosclerotic mechanism of TFPI with the emphasis on chemokine MCP-3. We constructed an adenovirus-mediated shRNA against mouse MCP-3 (Ad-MCP-3-shRNA) and an adenovirus-containing TFPI (Ad-TFPI), and tranferred them in a model of vulnerable plaque in ApoE-/- mice respectively. Here, we reported that MCP-3-shRNA and TFPI could both reduce the plaque area and decrease the content of lipids and macrophages, on the contrary, the fibrous cap thickness and content of collagen and smooth muscle cells were increased. In addition, the expression of MCP-3 and CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) was decreased by TFPI transfer. These data provide the first in vivo evidence that MCP-3 is a major contributor to the unstability of atherosclerotic plaque and TFPI may exert its anti-atherosclerotic effects and promote stabilisation of plaque at least partly through inhibiting MCP-3/CCR2 pathway, which may be a new therapeutic method for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Hospital in Harbin, Harbin, China
| | - Jinyu Chi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Runan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiashu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinhua Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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4
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Madonna R, Doria V, Görbe A, Cocco N, Ferdinandy P, Geng YJ, Pierdomenico SD, De Caterina R. Co-expression of glycosylated aquaporin-1 and transcription factor NFAT5 contributes to aortic stiffness in diabetic and atherosclerosis-prone mice. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2857-2865. [PMID: 31970899 PMCID: PMC7077545 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased stiffness characterizes the early change in the arterial wall with subclinical atherosclerosis. Proteins inducing arterial stiffness in diabetes and hypercholesterolaemia are largely unknown. This study aimed at determining the pattern of protein expression in stiffening aorta of diabetic and hypercholesterolaemic mice. Male Ins2+/Akita mice were crossbred with ApoE−/− (Ins2+/Akita: ApoE−/−) mice. Relative aortic distension (relD) values were determined by ultrasound analysis and arterial stiffness modulators by immunoblotting. Compared with age‐ and sex‐matched C57/BL6 control mice, the aortas of Ins2+/Akita, ApoE−/− and Ins2+/Akita:ApoE−/− mice showed increased aortic stiffness. The aortas of Ins2+/Akita, ApoE−/− and Ins2+/Akita:ApoE−/− mice showed greater expression of VCAM‐1, collagen type III, NADPH oxidase and iNOS, as well as reduced elastin, with increased collagen type III‐to‐elastin ratio. The aorta of Ins2+/Akita and Ins2+/Akita:ApoE−/− mice showed higher expression of eNOS and cytoskeletal remodelling proteins, such as F‐actin and α‐smooth muscle actin, in addition to increased glycosylated aquaporin (AQP)‐1 and transcription factor NFAT5, which control the expression of genes activated by high glucose‐induced hyperosmotic stress. Diabetic and hypercholesterolaemic mice have increased aortic stiffness. The association of AQP1 and NFAT5 co‐expression with aortic stiffness in diabetes and hypercholesterolaemia may represent a novel molecular pathway or therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Center of Excellence on Aging and Regenerative Medicine (CeSI-Met), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, McGovern School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vanessa Doria
- Center of Excellence on Aging and Regenerative Medicine (CeSI-Met), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nino Cocco
- Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Yong-Jian Geng
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, McGovern School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Madonna R, Massaro M, Scoditti E, Pescetelli I, De Caterina R. The epicardial adipose tissue and the coronary arteries: dangerous liaisons. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 115:1013-1025. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Madonna
- Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI-Met), Institute of Cardiology, ‘G. d’Annunzio’ University, Via L. Polacchi, Chieti Scalo (Chieti), Italy
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council (CNR), Department of Biomedical sciences, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- National Research Council (CNR), Department of Biomedical sciences, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Irene Pescetelli
- Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI-Met), Institute of Cardiology, ‘G. d’Annunzio’ University, Via L. Polacchi, Chieti Scalo (Chieti), Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Institute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, C/o Ospedale di Cisanello, Via Paradisa, 2, Pisa, Italy
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6
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Potì F, Santi D, Spaggiari G, Zimetti F, Zanotti I. Polyphenol Health Effects on Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E351. [PMID: 30654461 PMCID: PMC6359281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that polyphenol-enriched diets may have beneficial effects against the development of degenerative diseases, including atherosclerosis and disorders affecting the central nervous system. This activity has been associated not only with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but also with additional mechanisms, such as the modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota function. However, long-term studies on humans provided controversial results, making the prediction of polyphenol impact on health uncertain. The aim of this review is to provide an overview and critical analysis of the literature related to the effects of the principal dietary polyphenols on cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. We critically considered and meta-analyzed randomized controlled clinical trials involving subjects taking polyphenol-based supplements. Although some polyphenols might improve specific markers of cardiovascular risk and cognitive status, many inconsistent data are present in literature. Therefore, definitive recommendations for the use of these compounds in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline are currently not applicable. Once pivotal aspects for the definition of polyphenol bioactivity, such as the characterization of pharmacokinetics and safety, are addressed, it will be possible to have a clear picture of the realistic potential of polyphenols for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Potì
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Unità di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, via Volturno 39/F, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Daniele Santi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Unità di Endocrinologia, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Medicine Specialistiche-Unità di Endocrinologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, via Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Spaggiari
- Dipartimento di Medicine Specialistiche-Unità di Endocrinologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, via Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy.
| | - Francesca Zimetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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7
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Couto Souza PH, Berti-Couto SDA, Majewski CNM, da Silva IC, Donaduzzi LC, Silva IMV, Lisboa MDC, Lee UK, Friedlander IK, Friedlander AH. Association of calcified carotid artery plaque in panoramic images and diagonal earlobe crease. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2018; 48:20170256. [PMID: 30059235 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20170256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Brazilians who are free of traditional atherogenic risk factors frequently suffer myocardial infarctions (MI). Calcified carotid artery plaque (CCAP) on panoramic images (PIs) has been shown to be a validated "risk indicator" of future MIs. The diagonal earlobe crease (DELC) is likewise a validated "risk indicator" of future MI. We sought to determine the prevalence of DELC+ among patients having CCAP+ on their PIs. METHODS: In a masked cross-sectional study, three dentists evaluated PIs of patients (N = 481) over age 55 for presence of CCAP+. Among the CCAP+ cohort, the presence of DELC+ was determined by two additional dentists masked to the presence of CCAP+ on PIs. A control group (CCAP-) comprised of individuals with PIs devoid of plaque was similarly evaluated for evidence of DELC+. RESULTS: A mixed-gender group (8.6%) of patients (N = 41; mean age 67.5 ± 6.8) evidenced CCAP+ on their PIs and approximately 88% of these individuals (N = 36) had concomitant DELC+. Among members of the control group (N = 41), 17 patients were DELC+. Our results demonstrated that among the full mixed-gender cohort (N = 82), the association between CCAP+ and DELC+ was statistically significant (p = 0.0001). However, when adjusting for gender, only the CCAP+ men were significantly (p = 0.00011) more likely to evidence DELC+ on clinical examination. CONCLUSIONS: Males with atherosclerosis of their carotid arteries as evidenced by PIs displaying calcified atheromas are significantly more likely to evidence a DELC+ than those without an imaged atheroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Couto Souza
- 1 Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná , Curitiba , Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria do Carmo Lisboa
- 2 School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - Urie K Lee
- 3 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Senior Research Fellow, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System , Los Angeles, CA , USA
| | - Ida K Friedlander
- 4 Public Health Nurse, Los Angeles County Department of Health , Los Angeles, CA , USA
| | - Arthur H Friedlander
- 5 Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Director Quality Assurance, Hospital Dental Service, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center and Professor-in-Residence of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, CA , USA
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8
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Higher risk of myocardial injury in chest pain patients with elevated red blood cell distribution width. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 481:121-125. [PMID: 29510122 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High level of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been associated with adverse outcomes in coronary artery disease patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between RDW and the risk of myocardial injury in chest pain patients. METHODS AND RESULTS We retrospectively reviewed 2078 chest pain patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Myocardial injury was defined as high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) >14 ng/L. RDW was associated with hs-cTnT (r = 0.607) and the risk of myocardial injury stepwise increased across increasing RDW quartiles in all subgroups based on age and sex. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was calculated to assess the elevated RDW to predict myocardial injury, with the cutoff value of 13.25%. RDW had a high sensitivity (78.10%), specificity (87.44%), as well as positive predictive value (77.48%). The area under the curve (AUC) for all patients was 0.88 (95%CI 0.87, 0.90) and there is no statistical significant in AUCs for all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Elevated RDW was significantly associated with a higher risk of myocardial injury in chest pain patients with potential acute myocardial infarction. The RDW may be helpful to identify myocardial injury in such patients.
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Madonna R, Pieragostino D, Balistreri CR, Rossi C, Geng YJ, Del Boccio P, De Caterina R. Diabetic macroangiopathy: Pathogenetic insights and novel therapeutic approaches with focus on high glucose-mediated vascular damage. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 107:S1537-1891(17)30322-1. [PMID: 29425894 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic macroangiopathy - a specific form of accelerated atherosclerosis - is characterized by intra-plaque new vessel formation due to excessive/abnormal neovasculogenesis and angiogenesis, increased vascular permeability of the capillary vessels, and tissue edema, resulting in frequent atherosclerotic plaque hemorrhage and plaque rupture. Mechanisms that may explain the premature and rapidly progressive nature of atherosclerosis in diabetes are multiple, and to a large extent still unclear. However, mechanisms related to hyperglycemia certainly play an important role. These include a dysregulated vascular regeneration. In addition, oxidative and hyperosmolar stresses, as well as the activation of inflammatory pathways triggered by a dysregulated activation of membrane channel proteins aquaporins, have been recognized as key events. Here, we review recent knowledge of cellular and molecular pathways of macrovascular disease related to hyperglycemia in diabetes. We also here highlight how new insights into pathogenic mechanisms of vascular damage in diabetes may indicate new targets for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Madonna
- Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Analitical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Carmela Rita Balistreri
- Department of Patho-biology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Rossi
- Analitical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Yong-Jian Geng
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Piero Del Boccio
- Analitical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
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10
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Fibrosis imaging: Current concepts and future directions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 121:9-26. [PMID: 29108860 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis plays an important role in many different pathologies. It results from tissue injury, chronic inflammation, autoimmune reactions and genetic alterations, and it is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components. Biopsies are routinely employed for fibrosis diagnosis, but they suffer from several drawbacks, including their invasive nature, sampling variability and limited spatial information. To overcome these limitations, multiple different imaging tools and technologies have been evaluated over the years, including X-ray imaging, computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). These modalities can provide anatomical, functional and molecular imaging information which is useful for fibrosis diagnosis and staging, and they may also hold potential for the longitudinal assessment of therapy responses. Here, we summarize the use of non-invasive imaging techniques for monitoring fibrosis in systemic autoimmune diseases, in parenchymal organs (such as liver, kidney, lung and heart), and in desmoplastic cancers. We also discuss how imaging biomarkers can be integrated in (pre-) clinical research to individualize and improve anti-fibrotic therapies.
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11
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Rerknimitr P, Pongpairoj K, Kumtornrat C, Panchaprateep R, Hurst CP, Chutinet A, Asawanonda P, Suwanwela NC. Anterior Tragal Crease Is Associated With Atherosclerosis: A Study Evaluating Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness. Angiology 2017; 68:683-687. [PMID: 28056529 DOI: 10.1177/0003319716685481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The utility of the ear crease sign, anterior tragal crease (ATC), as a marker of atherosclerosis is yet to be established. The intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT-CCA) has been used as a noninvasive surrogate marker for atherosclerosis. History of traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis was obtained from 147 volunteers; ear examination was also performed and venous blood was drawn for laboratory analysis. The volunteers then underwent an ultrasonography measurement of the IMT-CCA. In univariate analysis, presence of ATC, age, underlying hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cigarette smoking, low-density lipoprotein, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were significantly associated with the IMT-CCA. Further multivariate analysis confirmed a significant association between the presence of ATC and IMT-CCA, when adjusted for other factors (adjusted βATC = .010, 95% confidence interval: 0.0021-0.019). Anterior tragal crease is a potential clinical sign that can predict atherosclerosis. The sign is easily recognizable and may help health-care professionals to identify those at risk of atherosclerosis, especially in people with no clinical signs of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawinee Rerknimitr
- 1 Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Korbkarn Pongpairoj
- 1 Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanat Kumtornrat
- 1 Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,2 Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ratchathorn Panchaprateep
- 1 Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Cameron P Hurst
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, Center for Excellence in Biostatistics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aurauma Chutinet
- 4 Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pravit Asawanonda
- 1 Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nijasri C Suwanwela
- 4 Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Turcato G, Serafini V, Dilda A, Caruso B, Zannoni M, Ricci G, Lippi G. Red blood cell distribution width at emergency department admission increases the accuracy of the HEART score for predicting death in patients with chest pain. Int J Cardiol 2016; 222:999-1000. [PMID: 27526383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Turcato
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | | | - Alice Dilda
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Beatrice Caruso
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Zannoni
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ricci
- Emergency Department, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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