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Protty MB, Tyrrell VJ, Allen-Redpath K, Soyama S, Hajeyah AA, Costa D, Choudhury A, Mitra R, Sharman A, Yaqoob P, Jenkins PV, Yousef Z, Collins PW, O’Donnell VB. Thrombin Generation Is Associated With Extracellular Vesicle and Leukocyte Lipid Membranes in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:2038-2052. [PMID: 39087349 PMCID: PMC11335086 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.320902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clotting, leading to thrombosis, requires interactions of coagulation factors with the membrane aminophospholipids (aPLs) phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is associated with elevated thrombotic risk, which is not fully preventable using current therapies. Currently, the contribution of aPL to thrombotic risk in ASCVD is not known. Here, the aPL composition of circulating membranes in ASCVD of varying severity will be characterized along with the contribution of external facing aPL to plasma thrombin generation in patient samples. METHODS Thrombin generation was measured using a purified factor assay on platelet, leukocyte, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) from patients with acute coronary syndrome (n=24), stable coronary artery disease (n=18), and positive risk factor (n=23) and compared with healthy controls (n=24). aPL composition of resting/activated platelet and leukocytes and EV membranes was determined using lipidomics. RESULTS External facing aPLs were detected on EVs, platelets, and leukocytes, elevating significantly following cell activation. Thrombin generation was higher on the surface of EVs from patients with acute coronary syndrome than healthy controls, along with increased circulating EV counts. Thrombin generation correlated significantly with externalized EV phosphatidylserine, plasma EV counts, and total EV membrane surface area. In contrast, aPL levels and thrombin generation from leukocytes and platelets were not impacted by disease, although circulating leukocyte counts were higher in patients. CONCLUSIONS The aPL membrane of EV supports an elevated level of thrombin generation in patient plasma in ASCVD. Leukocytes may also play a role although the platelet membrane did not seem to contribute. Targeting EV formation/clearance and developing strategies to prevent the aPL surface of EV interacting with coagulation factors represents a novel antithrombotic target in ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd B. Protty
- Systems Immunity University Institute, Cardiff University, United Kingdom (M.B.P., V.J.T., A.A.H., D.C., P.V.J., V.B.O.D.)
| | - Victoria J. Tyrrell
- Systems Immunity University Institute, Cardiff University, United Kingdom (M.B.P., V.J.T., A.A.H., D.C., P.V.J., V.B.O.D.)
| | - Keith Allen-Redpath
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (K.A.-R., S.S., A.S., P.Y.)
| | - Shin Soyama
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (K.A.-R., S.S., A.S., P.Y.)
| | - Ali A. Hajeyah
- Systems Immunity University Institute, Cardiff University, United Kingdom (M.B.P., V.J.T., A.A.H., D.C., P.V.J., V.B.O.D.)
| | - Daniela Costa
- Systems Immunity University Institute, Cardiff University, United Kingdom (M.B.P., V.J.T., A.A.H., D.C., P.V.J., V.B.O.D.)
| | - Anirban Choudhury
- Morriston Cardiac Centre, Swansea Bay University Health Board, United Kingdom (A.C.)
| | - Rito Mitra
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (R.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Amal Sharman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (K.A.-R., S.S., A.S., P.Y.)
| | - Parveen Yaqoob
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (K.A.-R., S.S., A.S., P.Y.)
| | - P. Vince Jenkins
- Systems Immunity University Institute, Cardiff University, United Kingdom (M.B.P., V.J.T., A.A.H., D.C., P.V.J., V.B.O.D.)
- Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom (P.V.J.)
| | - Zaheer Yousef
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (R.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Peter W. Collins
- Systems Immunity University Institute, Cardiff University, United Kingdom (M.B.P., V.J.T., A.A.H., D.C., P.V.J., V.B.O.D.)
- Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom (P.V.J.)
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom (K.A.-R., S.S., A.S., P.Y.)
- Morriston Cardiac Centre, Swansea Bay University Health Board, United Kingdom (A.C.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (R.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Valerie B. O’Donnell
- Systems Immunity University Institute, Cardiff University, United Kingdom (M.B.P., V.J.T., A.A.H., D.C., P.V.J., V.B.O.D.)
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Hajeyah AA, Protty MB, Paul D, Costa D, Omidvar N, Morgan B, Iwasaki Y, McGill B, Jenkins PV, Yousef Z, Allen-Redpath K, Soyama S, Choudhury A, Mitra R, Yaqoob P, Morrissey JH, Collins PW, O'Donnell VB. Phosphatidylthreonine is a procoagulant lipid detected in human blood and elevated in coronary artery disease. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100484. [PMID: 38103786 PMCID: PMC10809103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminophospholipids (aPL) such as phosphatidylserine are essential for supporting the activity of coagulation factors, circulating platelets, and blood cells. Phosphatidylthreonine (PT) is an aminophospholipid previously reported in eukaryotic parasites and animal cell cultures, but not yet in human tissues. Here, we evaluated whether PT is present in blood cells and characterized its ability to support coagulation. Several PT molecular species were detected in human blood, washed platelets, extracellular vesicles, and isolated leukocytes from healthy volunteers using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The ability of PT to support coagulation was demonstrated in vitro using biochemical and biophysical assays. In liposomes, PT supported prothrombinase activity in the presence and absence of phosphatidylserine. PT nanodiscs strongly bound FVa and lactadherin (nM affinity) but poorly bound prothrombin and FX, suggesting that PT supports prothrombinase through recruitment of FVa. PT liposomes bearing tissue factor poorly generated thrombin in platelet poor plasma, indicating that PT poorly supports extrinsic tenase activity. On platelet activation, PT is externalized and partially metabolized. Last, PT was significantly higher in platelets and extracellular vesicle from patients with coronary artery disease than in healthy controls. In summary, PT is present in human blood, binds FVa and lactadherin, supports coagulation in vitro through FVa binding, and is elevated in atherosclerotic vascular disease. Our studies reveal a new phospholipid subclass, that contributes to the procoagulant membrane, and may support thrombosis in patients at elevated risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Hajeyah
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Department of Biological Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Majd B Protty
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Divyani Paul
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniela Costa
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Nader Omidvar
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Bethan Morgan
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Yugo Iwasaki
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Beth McGill
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Zaheer Yousef
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Allen-Redpath
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Shin Soyama
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rito Mitra
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Parveen Yaqoob
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - James H Morrissey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter W Collins
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie B O'Donnell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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Zhan J, Liu QS, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Zhou Q, Jiang G. Silica nanoparticles trigger phosphatidylserine exposure in red blood cells and induce thrombosis risk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121591. [PMID: 37031850 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have attracted increasing attention for their health effects due to the increased risk of exposure to human bodies via diverse routes. Considering that SiNPs enter the circulatory system and inevitably encounter red blood cells (RBCs), it is necessary to investigate their risk of causing erythrocytotoxicity. In this study, three sizes of SiNPs (SiNP-60, SiNP-120, and SiNP-200) were tested for their effects on mouse RBCs. The results showed that SiNPs could induce hemolysis, morphological changes, and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure in RBCs in a particulate size-related manner. Further investigations on the underlying mechanism indicated that SiNP-60 exposure increased intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation and subsequently caused the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2 in RBCs. The addition of antioxidants or inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling significantly attenuated PS exposure in RBCs and ameliorated SiNP-induced erythrocytotoxicity. Moreover, ex vivo assays using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) showed that SiNP-60-induced PS exposure in RBCs could trigger thrombin-dependent platelet activation. The contrary evidence from the assays of PS blockage and thrombin inhibition further confirmed that SiNP-60-induced platelet activation was dependent on PS externalization in RBCs, concomitantly with thrombin formation. These findings revealed the procoagulant and prothrombotic effects of SiNPs through the regulation of PS externalization in RBCs, and may be of great help in bridging the knowledge gap on the potential cardiovascular hazards of particulate silica from both artificial and naturally occurring origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhendong Sun
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China
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Zhao X, Han J, Zhou L, Zhao J, Huang M, Wang Y, Kou J, Kou Y, Jin J. High mobility group box 1 derived mainly from platelet microparticles exacerbates microvascular obstruction in no reflow. Thromb Res 2023; 222:49-62. [PMID: 36566704 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION No reflow manifests coronary microvascular injury caused by continuous severe myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Microvascular obstruction (MVO) has emerged as one fundamental mechanism of no reflow. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely defined. Herein, we explore the contribution of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), derived mainly from platelet microparticles exacerbating MVO in no reflow. MATERIALS AND METHODS 44 STEMI patients undergoing successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included in our study. Plasma HMGB1 levels in both the peripheral artery (PA) and infarct-related coronary artery (IRA) were measured by ELISA. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy assessed the level of HMGB1+ platelet derived microparticles (PMPs) and platelet activation. Flow cytometry and western blot evaluated the procoagulant activity (PCA) and the release of inflammatory factors of human microvascular endothelial cells (HCEMCs). RESULTS HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in the IRA in no-reflow patients. The levels of HMGB1+ PMPs were considerably higher in the IRA of patients with no reflow and were strongly associated with platelet activation. Moreover, our results show that HMGB1 interacts with human microvascular endothelial cells primarily through TLR4, inducing HCMEC proinflammatory, procoagulant phenotype, and monocyte recruitment, accelerating microvascular obstruction and facilitating the development of no reflow. CONCLUSION Our results illustrate a novel mechanism by which HMGB1, derived mainly from PMPs, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of no-reflow, revealing a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Jianbin Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Lijin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinjin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Meijiao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Yueqing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Junjie Kou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.
| | - Yan Kou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Berezin AA, Obradovic Z, Kopp K, Berezina TA, Lichtenauer M, Wernly B, Berezin AE. The Association of Glucose Control with Circulating Levels of Red Blood Cell-Derived Vesicles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010729. [PMID: 36614172 PMCID: PMC9820839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a trigger for structural alteration of red blood cells (RBCs) and their ability to release extracellular vesicles (EVs). The aim of the study was to elucidate whether glucose control in T2DM patients with concomitant HF and AF affects a circulating number of RBC-derived EVs. We prospectively included 417 T2DM patients with HF, 51 of them had atrial fibrillation and 25 healthy volunteers and 30 T2DM non-HF individuals. Clinical assessment, echocardiography examination and biomarker measures were performed at the baseline of the study. RBC-derived EVs were determined as CD235a+ PS+ particles by flow cytometry. NT-proBNP levels were measured by ELISA. AF patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) < 6.9% had lower levels of CD235a+ PS+ RBC-derived vesicles than those with HbA1c ≥ 7.0%. There were no significant differences in number of CD235a+ PS+ RBC-derived vesicles between patients in entire cohort and in non-AF sub-cohort with HbA1c < 6.9% and HbA1c ≥ 7.0%, respectively. Multivariate linear regression yielded that CD235a+ PS+ RBC-derived vesicles ≥ 545 particles in µL (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.01−1.11, p = 0.044) independently predicted HbA1c ≥ 7.0%. Elevated levels of CD235a+ PS+ RBC-derived EVs independently predicted poor glycaemia control in T2DM patients with HF and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Berezin
- Zaporozhye Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 20 Vinter Av., 69096 Zaporozhye, Ukraine
- Klinik Barmelweid, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | - Zeljko Obradovic
- Klinik Barmelweid, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | - Kristen Kopp
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tetiana A. Berezina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vita Center, 3 Sedov Str., 69000 Zaporozhye, Ukraine
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernhard Wernly
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Oberndorf, Paracelsusstraβe 37, 5110 Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Austria
- Center for Public Health and Healthcare Research, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexander E. Berezin
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Internal Medicine Department, Zaporozhye State Medical University, 26 Mayakovsky Av., 69035 Zaporozhye, Ukraine
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Al-Koussa H, AlZaim I, El-Sabban ME. Pathophysiology of Coagulation and Emerging Roles for Extracellular Vesicles in Coagulation Cascades and Disorders. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164932. [PMID: 36013171 PMCID: PMC9410115 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The notion of blood coagulation dates back to the ancient Greek civilization. However, the emergence of innovative scientific discoveries that started in the seventeenth century formulated the fundamentals of blood coagulation. Our understanding of key coagulation processes continues to evolve, as novel homeostatic and pathophysiological aspects of hemostasis are revealed. Hemostasis is a dynamic physiological process, which stops bleeding at the site of injury while maintaining normal blood flow within the body. Intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways culminate in the homeostatic cessation of blood loss, through the sequential activation of the coagulation factors. Recently, the cell-based theory, which combines these two pathways, along with newly discovered mechanisms, emerged to holistically describe intricate in vivo coagulation mechanisms. The complexity of these mechanisms becomes evident in coagulation diseases such as hemophilia, Von Willebrand disease, thrombophilia, and vitamin K deficiency, in which excessive bleeding, thrombosis, or unnecessary clotting, drive the development and progression of diseases. Accumulating evidence implicates cell-derived and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), which comprise microvesicles (MVs), exosomes, and apoptotic bodies, in the modulation of the coagulation cascade in hemostasis and thrombosis. As these EVs are associated with intercellular communication, molecular recycling, and metastatic niche creation, emerging evidence explores EVs as valuable diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in thrombotic and prothrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssam Al-Koussa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim AlZaim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Marwan E. El-Sabban
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +961-01-350-000 (ext. 4765)
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Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles from myocardial infarction patients inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced cardiac cell death. Curr Res Transl Med 2021; 70:103323. [PMID: 34979484 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2021.103323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived exogenously from pluripotent stem cells or endogenously from healthy human serum exert cardioprotective effects after injury. However role of endogenous EVs from myocardial infarction (MI) patients not well understood in this settings. METHODS AND RESULTS The EVs from plasma of MI patients with preserved or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and healthy controls (HC) were purified and characterized by flow cytometry, mass spectrometry (MS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). HCM and human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (hCMVECs), under individual culture or co-culture, were used to study functional effects of EVs upon TNFα stimulation. These effects of EVs on HCM and hCMVECs were observed using cell death assays, western blots and confocal microscopy. Higher concentrations of platelet-, leukocyte-, endothelial- and erythrocyte-derived EVs were found in MI patients, both with preserved and reduced LVEF, compared to HC, and MS data on MI EVs proteome displayed alteration in several proteins. MI EVs protected HCM and hCMVECs against staurosporine-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, MI EVs were observed to abrogate TNFα-triggered HCM and hCMVECs death under both individually cultured and co-cultured conditions. MI EVs failed to inhibit TNFα induced hCMVECs and HCM activation when cultured individually, however co-cultured hCMVECs with HCM supported MI EVs capacity to attenuate TNFα induced cells activation. MI CD41+ EVs but not HC EVs were found to be internalized by HCM directly or migrated through hCMVECs to HCM. MI EVs indirectly restores TNFα mediated drop in mitochondrial membrane potential. CONCLUSIONS Endogenous EVs from MI patients, regardless of severity of the MI exert cardioprotective potential upon TNFα-induced cell death. Patient-derived EVs needs to be further explored to elucidate their potential cardioprotective role during MI.
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Yang J, Zou X, Jose PA, Zeng C. Extracellular vesicles: Potential impact on cardiovascular diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2021; 105:49-100. [PMID: 34809830 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have received considerable attention in biological and clinical research due to their ability to mediate cell-to-cell communication. Based on their size and secretory origin, EVs are categorized as exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. Increasing number of studies highlight the contribution of EVs in the regulation of a wide range of normal cellular physiological processes, including waste scavenging, cellular stress reduction, intercellular communication, immune regulation, and cellular homeostasis modulation. Altered circulating EV level, expression pattern, or content in plasma of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in diverse cardiovascular pathologies. Due to their inherent characteristics and physiological functions, EVs, in turn, have become potential candidates as therapeutic agents. In this review, we discuss the evolving understanding of the role of EVs in CVD, summarize the current knowledge of EV-mediated regulatory mechanisms, and highlight potential strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of CVD. We also attempt to look into the future that may advance our understanding of the role of EVs in the pathogenesis of CVD and provide novel insights into the field of translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Xue Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology and Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Renal Disease & Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology and Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Heart Center of Fujian Province, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, PR China.
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Zifkos K, Dubois C, Schäfer K. Extracellular Vesicles and Thrombosis: Update on the Clinical and Experimental Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179317. [PMID: 34502228 PMCID: PMC8431093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) compose a heterogenous group of membrane-derived particles, including exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, which are released into the extracellular environment in response to proinflammatory or proapoptotic stimuli. From earlier studies suggesting that EV shedding constitutes a cellular clearance mechanism, it has become evident that EV formation, secretion and uptake represent important mechanisms of intercellular communication and exchange of a wide variety of molecules, with relevance in both physiological and pathological situations. The putative role of EVs in hemostasis and thrombosis is supported by clinical and experimental studies unraveling how these cell-derived structures affect clot formation (and resolution). From those studies, it has become clear that the prothrombotic effects of EVs are not restricted to the exposure of tissue factor (TF) and phosphatidylserines (PS), but also involve multiplication of procoagulant surfaces, cross-linking of different cellular players at the site of injury and transfer of activation signals to other cell types. Here, we summarize the existing and novel clinical and experimental evidence on the role and function of EVs during arterial and venous thrombus formation and how they may be used as biomarkers as well as therapeutic vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Zifkos
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Christophe Dubois
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM 1263, Institut National de la Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) 1260, Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), F-13380 Marseille, France;
| | - Katrin Schäfer
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Tohidi-Esfahani I, Lee CSM, Liang HPH, Chen VMY. Procoagulant platelets: Laboratory detection and clinical significance. Int J Lab Hematol 2021; 42 Suppl 1:59-67. [PMID: 32543068 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Platelets play a critical role in both haemostasis and thrombosis, and it is now evident that not all platelets behave the same when they are called to action. A functionally distinct subpopulation of platelets forms in response to maximal agonist stimulation: the procoagulant platelet. This platelet subpopulation is defined by its ability to expose phosphatidylserine on its surface, allowing for coagulation factor complexes to form and generate bursts of thrombin and fibrin to stabilize platelet clots. Reduced levels of procoagulant platelets have been linked to bleeding in Scott's syndrome and haemophilia A patients, and elevated levels have been demonstrated in many thrombotic disorders, including identifying patients at higher risk for stroke recurrence. One obstacle for incorporating an assay for measuring procoagulant platelets into clinical management algorithms is the lack of consensus on the exact definition and markers for this subpopulation. This review will outline the biological characteristics of procoagulant platelets and the laboratory assays currently used to identify them in research settings. It will summarize the findings of clinical research demonstrating the relevance of measuring the procoagulant platelet levels in patients and will discuss how an appropriate assay can be used to elucidate the mechanism behind the formation of this subpopulation, facilitating novel drug discovery to improve upon current outcomes in cardiovascular and other thrombotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Tohidi-Esfahani
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christine S M Lee
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hai Po H Liang
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vivien M Y Chen
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Zacharia E, Zacharias K, Papamikroulis GA, Bertsias D, Miliou A, Pallantza Z, Papageorgiou N, Tousoulis D. Cell-Derived Microparticles and Acute Coronary Syndromes: Is there a Predictive Role for Microparticles? Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4440-4468. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666191213104841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background:Despite the recent advances in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS), patients with ACS are still exposed to an increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events, while their prognosis is difficult to determine. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that cell-derived Microparticles (MPs) are associated with the underlying pathophysiological processes that are responsible for atherogenesis and may be causally implicated in the induction of atherothrombosis.Objective:In the present article, we aimed to review the available evidence regarding the predictive role of MPs in patients with ACS.Results:Evidence suggests that endothelial MPs are associated with future adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ACS. Platelet-derived MPs have been excessively studied, since they have been found to trigger the coagulation cascade; however, their role as predictors of future cardiovascular events remains debatable. The role of red blood cell-derived MPs is more intriguing; they have been proposed as markers of ongoing thrombosis in patients with ACS, while previous studies have shown that they have anti-coagulant properties in healthy individuals. Leukocyte-derived MPs may also have a predictive role, although the studies regarding these are still limited. Last but not least, it was an interesting discovery that circulating MPs can provide information regarding the angiographic lesions in patients with ACS.Conclusion:The concept of MPs as potential circulating biomarkers in patients with ACS holds much promise. However, large-scale clinical studies are required to evaluate whether the measurement of plasma MPs could be of clinical significance and, thus, dictate a more aggressive treatment strategy in patients with high levels of circulating MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effimia Zacharia
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Antigoni Miliou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Pallantza
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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12
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Phosphatidylserine positive microparticles improve hemostasis in in-vitro hemophilia A plasma models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7871. [PMID: 32398812 PMCID: PMC7217932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64686-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microparticles (MPs) are procoagulant due to the surface containing phosphatidylserine (PS), which facilitates coagulation. We investigated if MPs improve hemostasis in HA plasma models. MPs isolated from pooled normal human plasma were added to severe, moderate and mild HA plasma models (0%, 2.5%, 20% FVIII). The MPs’ effect on hemostasis was evaluated by calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) and overall hemostasis potential (OHP) assays, while fibrin structure was imaged by standard confocal, stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). MPs partially restored thrombin generation and fibrin formation in all HA plasma models. The procoagulant effect of MPs requires PS exposure, to a less extent of contact pathway activation, but not tissue factor exposure or in vitro stimulation of MPs. MPs partially normalized the fibrin structure, and using super-resolution STED, MPs attached to fibrin were clearly resolved. In summary, our results demonstrate that PS positive MPs could improve hemostasis in HA plasma models.
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13
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Intravascular cells and circulating microparticles induce procoagulant activity via phosphatidylserine exposure in heart failure. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 48:187-194. [PMID: 31177487 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-019-01889-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Relatively little information is known about the definitive role of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the hypercoagulability of heart failure (HF). Our objectives were to assess the levels of PS exposure on microparticles (MPs) and blood cells (BCs) in each group of HF patients and to evaluate their procoagulant activity (PCA). HF patients in each NYHA functional class II-IV (II n = 30, III n = 30, IV n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 25) were enrolled in the present study. PS exposure on MPs, BCs was analyzed with flow cytometry. MPs were classified based on their cellular origin: platelets (CD41a+), neutrophils (CD66b+), endothelial cells (CD31+CD41a-), erythrocytes (CD235a+), monocytes (CD14+), T lymphocytes (CD3+), and B lymphocytes (CD19+). PCA was evaluated by clotting time, extrinsic/intrinsic FXa and prothrombinase production assays, as well as fibrin formation assays. Inhibition assays of PCA of PS+ BCs and MPs were performed by lactadherin. There was no significant difference in MP cellular origin between healthy and HF subjects. However, the total number of PS+ MPs was significantly increased in HF patients compared with healthy controls. In addition, circulating PS+ BCs cooperated with PS+ MPs to markedly shorten coagulation time and dramatically increase FXa/thrombin generation and fibrin formation in each HF group. Moreover, blockade of exposed PS on BCs and MPs with lactadherin inhibited PCA by approximately 80%. Our results lead us to believe that exposing PS on the injured BCs and MPs played a pivotal role in the hypercoagulability state in HF patients.
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14
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Zacharia E, Antonopoulos AS, Oikonomou E, Papageorgiou N, Pallantza Z, Miliou A, Mystakidi VC, Simantiris S, Kriebardis A, Orologas N, Valasiadi E, Papaioannou S, Galiatsatos N, Antoniades C, Tousoulis D. Plasma signature of apoptotic microvesicles is associated with endothelial dysfunction and plaque rupture in acute coronary syndromes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 138:110-114. [PMID: 31783033 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.11.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circulating microvesicles (MV) are surrogate biomarkers of atherosclerosis. However, their role in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) has not been fully elucidated yet. We sought to examine the association of circulating apoptotic MVs with ACS pathophysiology. APPROACH AND RESULTS One hundred and fifty-three patients (n = 153) were included in the study; 49 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 35 with non-STEMI (NSTEMI), 38 with unstable angina, 15 with stable coronary artery disease and 16 control individuals. Flow cytometry analysis was used to quantify circulating apoptotic/non-apoptotic (phospatidyloserine+/phospatidyloserine-) endothelial cell (EMV), red blood cell (RMV) and platelet (PMV) derived MV. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery was assessed by ultrasound to estimate endothelial function. The inflammatory profile was assessed by serum C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. Apoptotic only (but not non-apoptotic) MV were increased in patients with ACS (EMV, P = 2.32 × 10-9; RMV, P = .0019; PMV, P = .01). Hierarchical clustering of the total population of ACS patients (n = 122) by circulating levels of phospatidyloserine+ EMV, RMV and PMV identified two discreet clusters of patients without any differences in traditional risk factors, but significant differences in brachial FMD (5.2% (2.5) vs. 4.1% (2.3), P < .05) that remained significant after adjustment for co-variates. The prevalence of STEMI, a surrogate for plaque rupture and vessel thrombotic occlusion, was significantly higher in the patient cluster with impaired endothelial function (60% vs 32%, P = .016, adjusted odds ratio for STEMI, 3.041, 95%CI, 1.160 to 7.968, p = .024). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that the circulating levels of apoptotic MV are increased in ACS patients and their plasma profiles associate with endothelial dysfunction and thrombotic complications in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effimia Zacharia
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios S Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece; RDM Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papageorgiou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Pallantza
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Antigoni Miliou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Chara Mystakidi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Simantiris
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Kriebardis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Orologas
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eftychia Valasiadi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Papaioannou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Galiatsatos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece; RDM Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
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15
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Lv Y, Tan J, Miao Y, Zhang Q. The role of microvesicles and its active molecules in regulating cellular biology. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7894-7904. [PMID: 31559684 PMCID: PMC6850934 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell‐derived microvesicles are membrane vesicles produced by the outward budding of the plasma membrane and released by almost all types of cells. These have been considered as another mechanism of intercellular communication, because they carry active molecules, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Furthermore, these are present in circulating fluids, such as blood and urine, and are closely correlated to the progression of pathophysiological conditions in many diseases. Recent studies have revealed that microvesicles have a dual effect of damage and protection of receptor cells. However, the nature of the active molecules involved in this effect remains unclear. The present study mainly emphasized the mechanism of microvesicles and the active molecules mediating the different biological effects of receptor cells by affecting autophagy, apoptosis and inflammation pathways. The effective ways of blocking microvesicles and its active molecules in mediating cell damage when microvesicles exert harmful effects were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- YingMei Lv
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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16
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Benedikter BJ, Bouwman FG, Heinzmann ACA, Vajen T, Mariman EC, Wouters EFM, Savelkoul PHM, Koenen RR, Rohde GGU, van Oerle R, Spronk HM, Stassen FRM. Proteomic analysis reveals procoagulant properties of cigarette smoke-induced extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1585163. [PMID: 30863515 PMCID: PMC6407597 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1585163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) under basal conditions and when exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Getting insights into the composition of these EVs will help unravel their functions in homeostasis and smoking-induced pathology. Here, we characterized the proteomic composition of basal and CSE-induced airway epithelial EVs. BEAS-2B cells were left unexposed or exposed to 1% CSE for 24 h, followed by EV isolation using ultrafiltration and size exclusion chromatography. Isolated EVs were labelled with tandem mass tags and their proteomic composition was determined using nano-LC-MS/MS. Tissue factor (TF) activity was determined by a factor Xa generation assay, phosphatidylserine (PS) content by prothrombinase assay and thrombin generation using calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT). Nano-LC-MS/MS identified 585 EV-associated proteins with high confidence. Of these, 201 were differentially expressed in the CSE-EVs according to the moderated t-test, followed by false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment with the FDR threshold set to 0.1. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that 24 proteins of the pathway haemostasis were significantly up-regulated in CSE-EVs, including TF. Increased TF expression on CSE-EVs was confirmed by bead-based flow cytometry and was associated with increased TF activity. CSE-EVs caused faster and more thrombin generation in normal human plasma than control-EVs, which was partly TF-, but also PS-dependent. In conclusion, proteomic analysis allowed us to predict procoagulant properties of CSE-EVs which were confirmed in vitro. Cigarette smoke-induced EVs may contribute to the increased cardiovascular and respiratory risk observed in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birke J Benedikter
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Freek G Bouwman
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra C A Heinzmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Vajen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin C Mariman
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H M Savelkoul
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gernot G U Rohde
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Medical clinic I, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Rene van Oerle
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Henri M Spronk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank R M Stassen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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17
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Phosphatidylserine-exposing blood cells and microparticles induce procoagulant activity in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2018; 258:138-143. [PMID: 29544920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The definitive role of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the prothrombotic state of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) remains unclear. Our objectives were to study the PS exposure on blood cells and microparticles (MPs) in NVAF, and evaluate their procoagulant activity (PCA). METHODS NVAF patients without (n = 60) and with left atrial thrombi (n = 18) and controls (n = 36) were included in our study. Exposed PS was analyzed with flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. PCA was evaluated using clotting time, factor Xa (FXa), thrombin and fibrin formation. RESULTS PS+ blood cells and MPs were significantly higher in NVAF patients without and with left atrial thrombi (both P < 0.01) than in controls. Patients with left atrial thrombi showed increased PS+ platelets, neutrophils, erythrocytes and MPs compared with patients without thrombi (all P < 0.05). Moreover, in patients with left atrial thrombi, MPs primarily originated from platelets (56.1%) followed by leukocytes (21.9%, including MPs from neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes), erythrocytes (12.2%) and endothelial cells (8.9%). Additionally, PS+ blood cells and MPs contributed to markedly shortened coagulation time and dramatically increased FXa/thrombin/fibrin (all P < 0.001) generation in both NVAF groups. Furthermore, blockade of exposed PS on blood cells and MPs with lactadherin inhibited PCA by approximately 80%. Lastly, we found that the amount of PS+ platelets and MPs was positively correlated with thrombus diameter (all p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that exposed PS on blood cells and MPs play a procoagulant role in NVAF patients. Blockade of PS prior to thrombus formation might be a novel therapeutic approach in these patients.
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18
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Ma R, Bi Y, Kou J, Zhou J, Shi J. Enhanced procoagulant activity of platelets after chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:627-634. [PMID: 28718695 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1345387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The procoagulant status of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after chemotherapy is poorly characterized and the role of platelets in hypercoagulative state of NSCLC is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the procoagulant activity (PCA) of platelets in NSCLC before and after chemotherapy. The subjects were 52 patients newly diagnosed with NSCLC. The patients had decreased clotting time compared with healthy subjects, and the thrombin-antithrombin complex increased 2.5-fold after chemotherapy. Platelets in the patients after chemotherapy had enhanced phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, and shortened coagulation time as well as increased thrombin and fibrin formation of platelets compared with those before chemotherapy. Platelet-derived microparticles increased 2-fold at day 1 and peaked at day 2 post-chemotherapy. Treatment of cisplatin in vitro also resulted in upregulated intrinsic FXa and thrombin formation on platelets with a dose-dependent manner. Platelets treated with aspirin significantly decreased PCA. However, lactadherin blocked PS and inhibited the PCA approximately by 70%. Seven days after chemotherapy, PCA of platelets restored to the baseline as that before chemotherapy, indicating that within a week of chemotherapy patient platelets are highly procoagulant and effective intervention should be taken in case of thrombosis. Our results suggested that platelets after chemotherapy had elevated PCA and may contribute to the hypercoagulative state of NSCLC. Prophylactic anti-coagulant combined with anti-platelet therapy may play an inhibitory role in thrombotic complications in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruishuang Ma
- a Department of Hematology of the First Hospital , Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - Yayan Bi
- b Department of Cardiology of the First Hospital , Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - Junjie Kou
- c Department of Cardiology of the Second Hospital , Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - Jin Zhou
- a Department of Hematology of the First Hospital , Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - Jialan Shi
- a Department of Hematology of the First Hospital , Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China.,d Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital , VA Boston Healthcare System, and Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
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19
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Yesudasan S, Wang X, Averett RD. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that deoxyhemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, and glycated hemoglobin under compression and shear exhibit an anisotropic mechanical behavior. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:1417-1429. [PMID: 28441918 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1323674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We developed a new mechanical model for determining the compression and shear mechanical behavior of four different hemoglobin structures. Previous studies on hemoglobin structures have focused primarily on overall mechanical behavior; however, this study investigates the mechanical behavior of hemoglobin, a major constituent of red blood cells, using steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations to obtain anisotropic mechanical behavior under compression and shear loading conditions. Four different configurations of hemoglobin molecules were considered: deoxyhemoglobin (deoxyHb), oxyhemoglobin (HbO2), carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C). The SMD simulations were performed on the hemoglobin variants to estimate their unidirectional stiffness and shear stiffness. Although hemoglobin is structurally denoted as a globular protein due to its spherical shape and secondary structure, our simulation results show a significant variation in the mechanical strength in different directions (anisotropy) and also a strength variation among the four different hemoglobin configurations studied. The glycated hemoglobin molecule possesses an overall higher compressive mechanical stiffness and shear stiffness when compared to deoxyhemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin, and carboxyhemoglobin molecules. Further results from the models indicate that the hemoglobin structures studied possess a soft outer shell and a stiff core based on stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumith Yesudasan
- a School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering , College of Engineering, University of Georgia , 597 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens , GA 30602 , USA
| | - Xianqiao Wang
- b School of Environmental, Civil, Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering , College of Engineering, University of Georgia , 712G Boyd Graduate Studies Research Center, Athens , GA 30602 , USA
| | - Rodney D Averett
- a School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering , College of Engineering, University of Georgia , 597 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens , GA 30602 , USA
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20
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Chiva-Blanch G, Laake K, Myhre P, Bratseth V, Arnesen H, Solheim S, Badimon L, Seljeflot I. Platelet-, monocyte-derived and tissue factor-carrying circulating microparticles are related to acute myocardial infarction severity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172558. [PMID: 28207887 PMCID: PMC5313202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Circulating microparticles (cMPs) are phospholipid-rich vesicles released from cells when activated or injured, and contribute to the formation of intracoronary thrombi. Tissue factor (TF, CD142) is the main trigger of fibrin formation and TF-carrying cMPs are considered one of the most procoagulant cMPs. Similar types of atherosclerotic lesions may lead to different types of AMI, although the mechanisms behind are unresolved. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the phenotype of cMPs found in plasma of ACS patients and its relation to AMI severity and thrombotic burden. Methods In a cross-sectional study, two hundred patients aged 75±4 years were included in the study 2–8 weeks after suffering an AMI. Annexin V positive (AV+)-cMPs derived from blood and vascular cells were measured by flow cytometry. Plasma procoagulant activity (TF-PCA) was measured through a chromogenic assay. Results STEMI patients (n = 75) showed higher levels of platelet-derived cMPs [CD61+/AV+, CD31+/AV+, CD42b+/AV+ and CD31+/CD42b+/AV+, P = 0.048, 0.038, 0.009 and 0.006, respectively], compared to NSTEMI patients (n = 125). Patients who suffered a heart failure during AMI (n = 17) had increased levels of platelet (CD61+)-and monocyte (CD14+)-derived cMPs carrying TF (CD142+) (P<0.0001 and 0.004, respectively). Additionally, NYHA class III (n = 23) patients showed higher levels of CD142+/AV+, CD14+/AV+ and CD14+/CD142+/AV+ cMPs than those in class I/II (P = 0.001, 0.015 and 0.014, respectively). The levels of these cMPs positively correlated with TF-PCA (r≥0.166, P≤0.027, all). Conclusions Platelets and monocytes remain activated in AMI patients treated as per guidelines and release cMPs that discriminate AMI severity. Therefore, TF-MPs, and platelet- and monocyte-MPs may reflect thrombotic burden in AMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Centre for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Cardiovascular Research Centre (CSIC-ICCC) and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristian Laake
- Centre for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peder Myhre
- Centre for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vibeke Bratseth
- Centre for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Arnesen
- Centre for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Solheim
- Centre for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Centre (CSIC-ICCC) and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Centre for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Hansen GM, Belstrøm D, Nilsson M, Helqvist S, Nielsen CH, Holmstrup P, Tolker-Nielsen T, Givskov M, Hansen PR. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Microcolonies in Coronary Thrombi from Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168771. [PMID: 28030624 PMCID: PMC5193428 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection is associated with an increased risk of atherothrombotic disease and direct bacterial infection of arteries has been suggested to contribute to the development of unstable atherosclerotic plaques. In this study, we examined coronary thrombi obtained in vivo from patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) for the presence of bacterial DNA and bacteria. Aspirated coronary thrombi from 22 patients with STEMI were collected during primary percutaneous coronary intervention and arterial blood control samples were drawn from radial or femoral artery sheaths. Analyses were performed using 16S polymerase chain reaction and with next-generation sequencing to determine bacterial taxonomic classification. In selected thrombi with the highest relative abundance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa DNA, peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA-FISH) with universal and species specific probes was performed to visualize bacteria within thrombi. From the taxonomic analysis we identified a total of 55 different bacterial species. DNA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa represented the only species that was significantly associated with either thrombi or blood and was >30 times more abundant in thrombi than in arterial blood (p<0.0001). Whole and intact bacteria present as biofilm microcolonies were detected in selected thrombi using universal and P. aeruginosa-specific PNA-FISH probes. P. aeruginosa and vascular biofilm infection in culprit lesions may play a role in STEMI, but causal relationships remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorm Mørk Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Nilsson
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steffen Helqvist
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Henrik Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Palle Holmstrup
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim Tolker-Nielsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Givskov
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Singapore Center on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Peter Riis Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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