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Shiraishi R, Ogawa T. Factors associated with an improvement in extracellular water-to-total body water ratio in older adults with hip fractures: A decision tree analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:378-383. [PMID: 38971405 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The extracellular water-to-total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) increases with age and after fractures. A high ECW/TBW may hinder improvements in physical function and skeletal muscle mass. However, the effects of ECW/TBW improvement have not been properly investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with ECW/TBW improvement in older adults with hip fractures. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 203 patients with hip fractures who were admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation ward. ECW/TBW and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. The patients were classified into two groups: those with an improvement in ECW/TBW (n = 123) and those without an improvement (n = 80). Decision tree analysis was performed to examine the factors associated with ECW/TBW improvement. As a secondary objective, a multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with SMI gain. RESULTS Decision tree analysis identified rehabilitation volume and protein intake as the first and second factors most significantly associated with an improvement in ECW/TBW, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed that improved ECW/TBW (β: 0.400, p < 0.001) was significantly associated with SMI gain. CONCLUSIONS Rehabilitation volume and protein intake are clinically important for improving ECW/TBW in older adults with hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Shiraishi
- Clinical Education and Research Center, Chuzan Hospital, 6-2-1 Matsumoto, Okinawa City, Okinawa, 904-2151, Japan; Department of Clinical Research and Quality Management, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Clinical Education and Research Center, Chuzan Hospital, 6-2-1 Matsumoto, Okinawa City, Okinawa, 904-2151, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute City, Aichi, 480-1103, Japan
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2
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Curtain JP, Talebi A, McIntosh A, McConnachie A, O'Donnell J, Welsh P, Osmanska J, Lee MMY, Sonecki P, Akl T, Seo J, Gopinathan V, Hurwitz J, Thiagarajan S, Pettit S, Kalra PR, Patel RK, Mark PB, Lang NN, McMurray JJV, Petrie MC, Gardner RS, Jhund PS. Measuring congestion with a non-invasive monitoring device in heart failure and haemodialysis: CONGEST-HF. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:1383-1392. [PMID: 38741283 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS We examined the effectiveness of a novel cardiopulmonary management wearable sensor (worn for less than 5 mins) at measuring congestion and correlated the device findings with established clinical measures of congestion. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled three cohorts of patients: (1) patients with heart failure (HF) receiving intravenous diuretics in hospital; (2) patients established on haemodialysis, and (3) HF patients undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC). The primary outcomes in the respective cohorts were a Spearman correlation between (1) change in weight and change in thoracic impedance (TI) (from enrolment, 24 h after admission to discharge) in patients hospitalized for HF; (2) lung ultrasound B-lines and volume removed during dialysis with device measured TI, and (3) pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and sub-acoustic diastolic, third heart sound (S3) in the patients undergoing RHC. A total of 66 patients were enrolled. In HF patients (n = 25), change in weight was correlated with both change in device TI (Spearman correlation [rsp] = -0.64, p = 0.002) and change in device S3 (rsp = -0.53, p = 0.014). In the haemodialysis cohort (n = 21), B-lines and TI were strongly correlated before (rsp = -0.71, p < 0.001) and after (rsp = -0.77, p < 0.001) dialysis. Volume of fluid removed by dialysis was correlated with change in device TI (rsp = 0.49, p = 0.024). In the RHC cohort (n = 20), PCWP measured at one time point and device S3 were not significantly correlated (rsp = 0.230, p = 0.204). There were no device-related adverse events. CONCLUSIONS A non-invasive device was able to detect changes in congestion in patients with HF receiving decongestion therapy and patients having fluid removed at haemodialysis. The cardiopulmonary management device, which measures multiple parameters, is a potentially useful tool to monitor patients with HF to prevent hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Curtain
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- St James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Atefeh Talebi
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alasdair McIntosh
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alex McConnachie
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanne O'Donnell
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paul Welsh
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanna Osmanska
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Matthew M Y Lee
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Piotr Sonecki
- Department of Cardiology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tony Akl
- Analog Devices Inc, Wilmington, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul R Kalra
- Department of Cardiology, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Rajan K Patel
- Glasgow Renal and Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Patrick B Mark
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ninian N Lang
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - John J V McMurray
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark C Petrie
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Roy S Gardner
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Scottish National Advanced Heart Failure Service, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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3
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Cuthbert JJ, Clark AL. Diuretic Treatment in Patients with Heart Failure: Current Evidence and Future Directions - Part I: Loop Diuretics. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2024; 21:101-114. [PMID: 38240883 PMCID: PMC10924023 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-024-00643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fluid retention or congestion is a major cause of symptoms, poor quality of life, and adverse outcome in patients with heart failure (HF). Despite advances in disease-modifying therapy, the mainstay of treatment for congestion-loop diuretics-has remained largely unchanged for 50 years. In these two articles (part I: loop diuretics and part II: combination therapy), we will review the history of diuretic treatment and the current trial evidence for different diuretic strategies and explore potential future directions of research. RECENT FINDINGS We will assess recent trials including DOSE, TRANSFORM, ADVOR, CLOROTIC, OSPREY-AHF, and PUSH-AHF amongst others, and assess how these may influence current practice and future research. There are few data on which to base diuretic therapy in clinical practice. The most robust evidence is for high dose loop diuretic treatment over low-dose treatment for patients admitted to hospital with HF, yet this is not reflected in guidelines. There is an urgent need for more and better research on different diuretic strategies in patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph James Cuthbert
- Clinical Sciences Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston-Upon-Hull, East Yorkshire, UK.
- Department of Cardiology, Castle Hill Hospital, Hull University Teaching Hospitals Trust, Castle Road, Cottingham, East Yorkshire, UK.
| | - Andrew L Clark
- Department of Cardiology, Castle Hill Hospital, Hull University Teaching Hospitals Trust, Castle Road, Cottingham, East Yorkshire, UK
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4
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Niimi N, Kohsaka S, Shiraishi Y, Takei M, Kohno T, Nakano S, Nagatomo Y, Sakamoto M, Saji M, Ikemura N, Inohara T, Ueda I, Fukuda K, Yoshikawa T. Which congestion presentation pattern on the physical findings is associated with future adverse events? A cluster analysis in the multicenter acute heart failure registry. Clin Res Cardiol 2023:10.1007/s00392-023-02201-8. [PMID: 37046152 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical congestion is the most frequent reason for hospital admission in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). However, few studies have investigated the patterns and prognostic implication of the physical congestion using unbiased and robust statistical methods. METHODS A hierarchical agglomerative clustering analysis was performed in the multicenter Japanese AHF registry (N = 3151) with the distance calculated by Jaccard's distance for jugular vein distention (JVD), leg edema, S3, crackles, and orthopnea. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiac death and heart failure readmission within 1-year. RESULTS At the time of admission, the median number of prevalent congestive signs was 2. We identified three phenogroups: 'no physical congestions' (N = 251); 'congestion without JVD' (N = 1415); and 'congestion with JVD' (N = 1495). Patients in 'no physical congestion' were the youngest (median 75 [62, 83] years) with the lowest systolic blood pressure (122 [106, 142] mmHg). Patients in 'congestion without JVD', and 'congestion with JVD' were similar in terms of age (77 [67, 84] vs. 78 [69, 84] years) and systolic blood pressure (138 [118, 160] vs. 137 [118, 158] mmHg). While 30-day mortality was similar (4.0%, 3.7%, and 4.3% in 'no physical congestion,' 'congestion without JVD,' and 'congestion with JVD', respectively), the patients in 'congestion with JVD' were at the highest risk for the primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio 1.79, 95% CI 1.26-2.55 when 'no physical congestion' was a reference). CONCLUSIONS Our clustering analysis demonstrated that congestion signs, particularly JVD, allowed identification of AHF phenogroups with distinct clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Niimi
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Kohsaka
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Shiraishi
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Takei
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Nakano
- Department of Cardiology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagatomo
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Munehisa Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mike Saji
- Department of Cardiology, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ikemura
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Inohara
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Ueda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Ouwerkerk W, Tromp J, Cleland JGF, Angermann CE, Dahlstrom U, Ertl G, Hassanein M, Perrone SV, Ghadanfar M, Schweizer A, Obergfell A, Dickstein K, Filippatos G, Collins SP, Lam CSP. Association of time-to-intravenous furosemide with mortality in acute heart failure: data from REPORT-HF. Eur J Heart Fail 2023; 25:43-51. [PMID: 36196060 PMCID: PMC10099670 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Acute heart failure can be a life-threatening medical condition. Delaying administration of intravenous furosemide (time-to-diuretics) has been postulated to increase mortality, but prior reports have been inconclusive. We aimed to evaluate the association between time-to-diuretics and mortality in the international REPORT-HF registry. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed the association of time-to-diuretics within the first 24 h with in-hospital and 30-day post-discharge mortality in 15 078 patients from seven world regions in the REPORT-HF registry. We further tested for effect modification by baseline mortality risk (ADHERE risk score), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and region. The median time-to-diuretics was 67 (25th-75th percentiles 17-190) min. Women, patients with more signs and symptoms of heart failure, and patients from Eastern Europe or Southeast Asia had shorter time-to-diuretics. There was no significant association between time-to-diuretics and in-hospital mortality (p > 0.1). The 30-day mortality risk increased linearly with longer time-to-diuretics (administered between hospital arrival and 8 h post-hospital arrival) (p = 0.016). This increase was more significant in patients with a higher ADHERE risk score (pinteraction = 0.008), and not modified by LVEF or geographic region (pinteraction > 0.1 for both). CONCLUSION In REPORT-HF, longer time-to-diuretics was not associated with higher in-hospital mortality. However, we did found an association with increased 30-day mortality, particularly in high-risk patients, and irrespective of LVEF or geographic region. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02595814.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Ouwerkerk
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Tromp
- Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - John G F Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health & Well-Being, University of Glasgow and National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Christiane E Angermann
- University and University Hospital Würzburg, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Dahlstrom
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Georg Ertl
- University and University Hospital Würzburg, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Hassanein
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sergio V Perrone
- El Cruce Hospital by Florencio Varela, Lezica Cardiovascular Institute, Sanctuary of the Trinidad Miter, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Kenneth Dickstein
- University of Bergen, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sean P Collins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore
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6
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Haag S, Jobs A, Stiermaier T, Fichera CF, Paitazoglou C, Eitel I, Desch S, Thiele H. Lack of correlation between different congestion markers in acute decompensated heart failure. Clin Res Cardiol 2023; 112:75-86. [PMID: 35648271 PMCID: PMC9849150 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-022-02036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospitalizations for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) are commonly associated with congestion-related signs and symptoms. Objective and quantitative markers of congestion have been identified, but there is limited knowledge regarding the correlation between these markers. METHODS Patients hospitalized for ADHF irrespective of left ventricular ejection fraction were included in a prospective registry. Assessment of congestion markers (e.g., NT-proBNP, maximum inferior vena cava diameter, dyspnea using visual analogue scale, and a clinical congestion score) was performed systematically on admission and at discharge. Telephone interviews were performed to assess clinical events, i.e., all-cause death or readmission for cardiovascular cause, after discharge. Missing values were handled by multiple imputation. RESULTS In total, 130 patients were prospectively enrolled. Median length of hospitalization was 9 days (interquartile range 6 to 16). All congestion markers declined from admission to discharge (p < 0.001). No correlation between the congestion markers could be identified, neither on admission nor at discharge. The composite endpoint of all-cause death or readmission for cardiovascular cause occurred in 46.2% of patients. Only NT-proBNP at discharge was predictive for this outcome (hazard ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.90, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION No correlation between quantitative congestion markers was observed. Only NT-proBNP at discharge was significantly associated with the composite endpoint of all-cause death or readmission for cardiovascular cause. Findings indicate that the studied congestion markers reflect different aspects of congestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Haag
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexander Jobs
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany ,Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany ,Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Stiermaier
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Carlo-Federico Fichera
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christina Paitazoglou
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ingo Eitel
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Steffen Desch
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany ,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany ,Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany ,Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany ,Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig, Germany
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7
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Mebazaa A, Solal AC, Colombo PC. Assessing and treating congestion in acute decompensated heart failure: are we seeing the light at the end of the tunnel? Eur Heart J 2023; 44:51-53. [PMID: 36426405 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Mebazaa
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm MASCOT, AP-HP Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Alain Cohen Solal
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm MASCOT, AP-HP Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Paolo C Colombo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Shoaib A, Van Spall HGC, Wu J, Cleland JGF, McDonagh TA, Rashid M, Mohamed MO, Ahmed FZ, Deanfield J, de Belder M, Gale CP, Mamas MA. Substantial decline in hospital admissions for heart failure accompanied by increased community mortality during COVID-19 pandemic. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2021; 7:378-387. [PMID: 34043762 PMCID: PMC8244536 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aims We hypothesized that a decline in admissions with heart failure during COVID-19 pandemic would lead to a reciprocal rise in mortality for patients with heart failure in the community. Methods and results We used National Heart Failure Audit data to identify 36 974 adults who had a hospital admission with a primary diagnosis of heart failure between February and May in either 2018, 2019, or 2020. Hospital admissions for heart failure in 2018/19 averaged 160/day but were much lower in 2020, reaching a nadir of 64/day on 27 March 2020 [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38–0.42]. The proportion discharged on guideline-recommended pharmacotherapies was similar in 2018/19 compared to the same period in 2020. Between 1 February–2020 and 31 May 2020, there was a 29% decrease in hospital deaths related to heart failure (IRR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.67–0.75; estimated decline of 448 deaths), a 31% increase in heart failure deaths at home (IRR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.24–1.39; estimated excess 539), and a 28% increase in heart failure deaths in care homes and hospices (IRR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.18–1.40; estimated excess 189). All-cause, inpatient death was similar in the COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 periods [odds ratio (OR): 1.02, 95% CI: 0.94–1.10]. After hospital discharge, 30-day mortality was higher in 2020 compared to 2018/19 (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.38–1.78). Conclusion Compared with the rolling daily average in 2018/19, there was a substantial decline in admissions for heart failure but an increase in deaths from heart failure in the community. Despite similar rates of prescription of guideline-recommended therapy, mortality 30 days from discharge was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shoaib
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Harriette G C Van Spall
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada.,ICES, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John G F Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Muhammad Rashid
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Mohamed O Mohamed
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Fozia Z Ahmed
- Department of Cardiology, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - John Deanfield
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mark de Belder
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Chris P Gale
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Mamas A Mamas
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
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9
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Chausiaux O, Williams G, Nieznański M, Bagdu A, Downer P, Keyser M, Husheer S. Evaluation of the Accuracy of a Video and AI Solution to Measure Lower Leg and Foot Volume. MEDICAL DEVICES-EVIDENCE AND RESEARCH 2021; 14:105-118. [PMID: 33880069 PMCID: PMC8053525 DOI: 10.2147/mder.s297713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Peripheral edema, change in foot volume, is a marker of congestion which is regularly assessed in routine clinical care. A novel video and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based solution used to measure anatomical parameters, including volume and foot length, Heartfelt HF-1, is compared to the laboratory gold standard (water displacement) and a medical disposable measuring tape. DESIGN SETTING PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS 58 healthy volunteers were measured with the Heartfelt device; 22 were also measured with the water displacement method and 19 with the medical tape. Bland-Altman analysis was performed for both volumes and foot lengths. Left/right foot differences provided covariance-corrected standard error of measurement (ccSEM) and minimum detectable difference (MDD) for each measurement method. RESULTS Heartfelt device measured volumes displayed excellent correlation to the gold standard (water displacement), with Bland-Altman bias of +32mL ±81mL (1 std.dev). Clinically important change in foot volume is approximately 13%. Water displacement yielded ccSEM of ± 32.1mL and MDD of 90mL (6.7% of average foot volume), while the Heartfelt device measurements yielded ccSEM of ±12.6mL and MDD of 35.3mL (2.6% of average foot volume). The majority of differences were attributable to manual positioning of the patient foot in the waterbath. CONCLUSION This study finds that in clinical and non-clinical settings, the Heartfelt device measures foot volume and length more precisely than either the water displacement technique or manual foot length measurements using a medical disposable tape, while having an excellent agreement with these methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adem Bagdu
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Fudim M, Ashur N, Jones AD, Ambrosy AP, Bart BA, Butler J, Chen HH, Greene SJ, Reddy Y, Redfield MM, Sharma A, Hernandez AF, Felker GM, Borlaug BA, Mentz RJ. Implications of peripheral oedema in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a heart failure network analysis. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 8:662-669. [PMID: 33300277 PMCID: PMC7835593 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous condition, and tissue congestion manifested by oedema is not present in all patients. We compared clinical characteristics, exercise capacity, and outcomes in patients with HFpEF with and without oedema. METHODS AND RESULTS This study was a post hoc analysis of pooled data of patients with left ventricular ejection fraction of ≥50% enrolled in the DOSE, CARRESS-HF, RELAX, ATHENA, ROSE, INDIE, and NEAT trials. Patients were dichotomized by the severity of oedema. Cox proportional hazard regression and generalized linear regression models were used to assess associations between oedema, symptoms, and clinical outcomes. The ambulatory cohort included 393 patients (228 with and 165 without oedema), and the hospitalized cohort included 338 patients (249 with ≥moderate oedema and 89 with mild or none). Among ambulatory patients, patients with oedema had a higher body mass index (35.2 kg/m2 [inter-quartile range, IQR 30.5, 41.6] vs. 31.6 kg/m2 [IQR 27.9, 36.3], P < 0.001), greater burden of co-morbidities, higher intravascular pressures estimated on physical examination (elevated jugular venous pressure: 50% vs. 24.7%, P < 0.001), poorer renal function (creatinine: 1.2 mg/dL [IQR 0.9, 1.5] vs. 1 mg/dL [IQR 0.8, 1.3], P = 0.003), and lower peak VO2 (adjusted mean difference -1.04 mL/kg/min, 95% confidence interval [-1.71, -0.37], P < 0.003). Among hospitalized patients, despite greater in-hospital fluid/weight loss in the ≥moderate oedema group, there was no difference in the improvement in dyspnoea by the visual analogue scale or well-being visual analogue scale from baseline to 3-4 days and no statistically significant difference in the rate of 60 day rehospitalization/death (adjusted hazard ratio 1.44, 95% confidence interval [0.87, 2.39], P = 0.156). CONCLUSIONS Patients with HFpEF and oedema display higher body mass, greater burden of co-morbidities, and more severe exercise intolerance, but clinical responses to treatment appear similar. Further research is required to better understand the nature of volume distribution in different HFpEF phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat Fudim
- Department of MedicineDuke University Medical Center2301 Erwin RoadDurhamNC27713USA
| | - Nicolas Ashur
- Department of MedicineDuke University Medical Center2301 Erwin RoadDurhamNC27713USA
| | | | | | | | - Javed Butler
- Department of MedicineUniversity of MississippiJacksonMSUSA
| | - Horng H. Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular DiseasesMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Stephen J. Greene
- Department of MedicineDuke University Medical Center2301 Erwin RoadDurhamNC27713USA
| | - Yogesh Reddy
- Department of Cardiovascular DiseasesMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | | | - Abhinav Sharma
- Division of CardiologyMcGill University Health Centre, McGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Adrian F. Hernandez
- Department of MedicineDuke University Medical Center2301 Erwin RoadDurhamNC27713USA,Duke Clinical Research InstituteDurhamNCUSA
| | - Gary Michael Felker
- Department of MedicineDuke University Medical Center2301 Erwin RoadDurhamNC27713USA,Duke Clinical Research InstituteDurhamNCUSA
| | | | - Robert J. Mentz
- Department of MedicineDuke University Medical Center2301 Erwin RoadDurhamNC27713USA,Duke Clinical Research InstituteDurhamNCUSA
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11
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Bromage DI, Cannatà A, Rind IA, Gregorio C, Piper S, Shah AM, McDonagh TA. The impact of COVID-19 on heart failure hospitalization and management: report from a Heart Failure Unit in London during the peak of the pandemic. Eur J Heart Fail 2020; 22:978-984. [PMID: 32478951 PMCID: PMC7300902 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To examine the impact of COVID-19 on acute heart failure (AHF) hospitalization rates, clinical characteristics and management of patients admitted to a tertiary Heart Failure Unit in London during the peak of the pandemic. METHODS AND RESULTS Data from King's College Hospital, London, reported to the National Heart Failure Audit for England and Wales, between 2 March-19 April 2020 were compared both to a pre-COVID cohort and the corresponding time periods in 2017 to 2019 with respect to absolute hospitalization rates. Furthermore, we performed detailed comparison of patients hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic and patients presenting in the same period in 2019 with respect to clinical characteristics and management during the index admission. A significantly lower admission rate for AHF was observed during the study period compared to all other included time periods. Patients admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic had higher rates of New York Heart Association III or IV symptoms (96% vs. 77%, P = 0.03) and severe peripheral oedema (39% vs. 14%, P = 0.01). We did not observe any differences in inpatient management, including place of care and pharmacological management of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. CONCLUSION Incident AHF hospitalization significantly declined in our centre during the COVID-19 pandemic, but hospitalized patients had more severe symptoms at admission. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the incidence of AHF declined or patients did not present to hospital while the national lockdown and social distancing restrictions were in place. From a public health perspective, it is imperative to ascertain whether this will be associated with worse long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I Bromage
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, London, UK.,Department of Cardiology, King's College Hospital London, London, UK
| | - Antonio Cannatà
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, London, UK.,Department of Cardiology, King's College Hospital London, London, UK
| | - Irfan A Rind
- Department of Cardiology, King's College Hospital London, London, UK
| | | | - Susan Piper
- Department of Cardiology, King's College Hospital London, London, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, London, UK.,Department of Cardiology, King's College Hospital London, London, UK
| | - Theresa A McDonagh
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, London, UK.,Department of Cardiology, King's College Hospital London, London, UK.,NICOR National Heart Failure Audit Clinical Lead, London, UK
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12
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Cleland JGF, Lyon AR, McDonagh T, McMurray JJV. The year in cardiology: heart failure. Eur Heart J 2020; 41:1232-1248. [PMID: 31901936 PMCID: PMC7084174 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John G F Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Alexander R Lyon
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Theresa McDonagh
- King’s College Hospital, London, UK
- King’s College London, London, UK
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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