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Yazar U, Guvercin AR, Rouhikia M, Aktoklu M, Demirci MA, Erbay I, Ayar A. Cerebrolysin provides effective protection on high glucose-induced neuropathy in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2023; 43:109-114. [PMID: 38079610 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2023.2291566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Cerebrolysin, an endogenous peptide with neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties, indicated to be beneficial on diabetic neuropathy by preliminary clinical and experimental studies but without evidence on central or peripheral action. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, based on involvement of pain sensation in both health and disease as first relay centers for transmission and processing of peripheral nociceptive sensory signals, was used to investigate possible effects of Cerebrolysin on high glucose-induced neuropathy, as model. DRG's were obtained from adult rats and the isolated neurons were seeded on E-Plate®'s equipped with gold microelectrodes, and incubated in culture media in a CO2 incubator at 37 C. DRGs were exposed to high glucose (50 mM) in the absence and presence of different concentrations of Cerebrolysin ® (2-40 mg/ml). Cell index (derived from cell viability and neurite outgrowth) was recorded with Real-Time Cell Analyzer and was used as primary outcome measure. High glucose-induced cellular neuropathy and neuroprotective effects of Cerebrolysin was evaluated from area under the curve (AUC) of cell index-time graphs. Exposure of DRG neurons to high glucose caused a rapid and persistent decrease in the mean AUC values compared to normoglycemic controls. Co-treatment with Cerebrolysin (40 mg/ml) attenuated this high glucose-induced effect in a concentration-dependent manner. In normoglycemic conditions, treatment with Cerebrolysin caused a dose-dependent increase in the mean AUC values. Cerebrolysin treatment resulted in maintenance of the functional integrity, survival, and promotion of neurite outgrowth of the cultured DRG neurons exposed to high glucose, indicating involvement of peripheral sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Yazar
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ali Rıza Guvercin
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Mahindokht Rouhikia
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Aktoklu
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Demirci
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Erbay
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ayar
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Sarode LP, Ghatage T, Mardhekar V, Verma B, Prakash A, Ugale RR. Cerebrolysin reduces excitotoxicity by modulation of cell-death proteins in delayed hours of ischemic reperfusion injury. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2401-2416. [PMID: 37273080 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent preclinical and clinical reports suggest that cerebrolysin shows neuroprotective properties similar to endogenous neurotrophic factors in neurodegenerative disorders including ischemic stroke. However, little is known about its underlying antiexcitotoxic action. Adult male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally treated with cerebrolysin (0.15 or 0.30 mg/kg) or vehicle at 3, 6 and 12 h after ischemic reperfusion and were assessed 24 h after reperfusion in ischemic rats. We added cerebrolysin (2.5 or 5 mg/ml) or vehicle in primary cortical culture cells at 3, 6 and 12 h of post-glutamate exposure and performed cell viability assays at 24 h. Our in-vivo and in-vitro findings showed that cerebrolysin substantially reduced neuronal cell death in delayed hours of post ischemic- and glutamate-insult conditions respectively. Further, we have assessed the influence of NR-2 A/-2B receptor antagonism on neuroprotective action of cerebrolysin at 6 h in in-vivo as well as in-vitro conditions. Neuroprotective effect of cerebrolysin at 6 h of reperfusion was enhanced by pretreatment of NR2B antagonist RO25-6981.We found that cerebrolysin restrained upregulation of extrasynaptic NR2B responsible for triggering apoptotic pathways. Cerebrolysin reduced expression of important cell death proteins such as, JNK, PTEN, Calpain and Caspase-3 components. Importantly, we also found that cerebrolysin reduced SREBP1 expression, which gets activated only after 6 h of ischemia. These results demonstrate that cerebrolysin reduces excitotoxicity and protect neuronal cells in delayed hours of ischemic reperfusion injuries by decreasing cell death proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lopmudra P Sarode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University Campus, Amravati Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India
| | - Trupti Ghatage
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University Campus, Amravati Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India
| | - Vishal Mardhekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University Campus, Amravati Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India
| | - Bhavesh Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University Campus, Amravati Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, District- East Champaran, Bihar, 845401, India
| | - Rajesh R Ugale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University Campus, Amravati Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India.
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The neuroprotective effect of walnut-derived peptides against glutamate-induced damage in PC12 cells: mechanism and bioavailability. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Han XJ, Zhang WF, Wang Q, Li M, Zhang CB, Yang ZJ, Tan RJ, Gan LJ, Zhang LL, Lan XM, Zhang FL, Hong T, Jiang LP. HIF-1α promotes the proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells via activation of Cx43. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10663-10673. [PMID: 34698450 PMCID: PMC8581339 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is an important cause of pulmonary vascular remodelling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). However, its underlying mechanism has not been well elucidated. Connexin 43 (Cx43) plays crucial roles in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in various cardiovascular diseases. Here, the male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to hypoxia (10% O2 ) for 21 days to induce rat HPH model. PASMCs were treated with CoCl2 (200 µM) for 24 h to establish the HPH cell model. It was found that hypoxia up-regulated the expression of Cx43 and phosphorylation of Cx43 at Ser 368 in rat pulmonary arteries and PASMCs, and stimulated the proliferation and migration of PASMCs. HIF-1α inhibitor echinomycin attenuated the CoCl2 -induced Cx43 expression and phosphorylation of Cx43 at Ser 368 in PASMCs. The interaction between HIF-1α and Cx43 promotor was also identified using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Moreover, Cx43 specific blocker (37,43 Gap27) or knockdown of Cx43 efficiently alleviated the proliferation and migration of PASMCs under chemically induced hypoxia. Therefore, the results above suggest that HIF-1α, as an upstream regulator, promotes the expression of Cx43, and the HIF-1α/Cx43 axis regulates the proliferation and migration of PASMCs in HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jian Han
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Screening of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Geriatrics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei-Fang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chun-Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Screening of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhang-Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ren-Jie Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Li-Jun Gan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Le-Ling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xue-Mei Lan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fang-Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Li-Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Screening of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Wang S, Sun-Waterhouse D, Neil Waterhouse GI, Zheng L, Su G, Zhao M. Effects of food-derived bioactive peptides on cognitive deficits and memory decline in neurodegenerative diseases: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Özşimşek A, Nazıroğlu M. The involvement of TRPV4 on the hypoxia-induced oxidative neurotoxicity and apoptosis in a neuronal cell line: Protective role of melatonin. Neurotoxicology 2021; 87:136-148. [PMID: 34562506 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The hypoxia (HYPX)-mediated excessive generation of mitochondrial free reactive oxygen species (mROS) and the overload Ca2+ influx via the inhibition of TRPV4 are controlled by the treatment of antioxidants. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying melatonin (MLT)'s neuroprotection remains elusive. We investigated the role of MLT via modulation of TRPV4 on oxidative neurodegeneration and death in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. The SH-SY5Y cells were divided into five groups as follows: control, MLT (1 mM for 2 h), HYPX (200 μM CoCl2 for 24 h), HYPX + MLT, and HYPX + TRPV4 blockers (ruthenium red-1 μM for 30 min). The HYPX caused to the increase of TRPV4 current density and overload Ca2+ influx with an increase of mitochondrial membrane potential and mROS generation. The changes were not observed in the absence of TRPV4. When HYPX exposure and TRPV4 agonist (GSK1016790A)-induced TRPV4 activity were inhibited by the treatment of ruthenium red or MLT, the increase of mROS, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, Zn2+ concentrations, TRPV4, caspase -3, caspase -9, Bax, and Bcl-2 expressions were restored via upregulation of reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant status. The levels of apoptosis and cell death in the cells were enriched with increases of caspase -3 and -9 activations, although they were decreased by MLT treatment. In conclusion, the treatment of MLT modulates HYPX-mediated mROS, apoptosis, and TRPV4-mediated overload Ca2+ influx and may provide an avenue for protecting HYPX-mediated neurological diseases associated with the increase of mROS, Ca2+, and Zn2+ concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Özşimşek
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey; Drug Discovery Unit, BSN Health, Analyses, Innovation, Consultancy, Organization, Agriculture, Industry and Trade LTD, Isparta, Turkey.
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Zhou HY, Jiang F, Cao Z, Shen QY, Feng YJ, Hou ZH. Propofol protects PC12 cells from cobalt chloride-induced injury by mediating miR-134. Histol Histopathol 2021; 36:425-435. [PMID: 33410125 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Propofol (PRO) was reported to exert a neuroprotective effect by decreasing microRNA-134 (miR-134), a brain-specific miRNA, thus, the role of PRO against cobalt chloride (CoCl₂)-induced injury in rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) via mediating miR-134 was explored. METHODS CoCl₂-induced PC12 cells treated with PRO were transfected with or without miR-134 negative control (NC)/ inhibitor/mimic, and the following detections were then performed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (Annexin V-FITC/PI) and Hoechst 33258 staining. Autophagy was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by Rhodamine-123 (Rh123) staining, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. Protein and gene expressions were measured by Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. RESULTS PRO reversed the CoCl₂-induced decrease in the PC12 cell viability and increased miR-134 in a dose-dependent manner. CoCl₂ increased LC3II/I ratio and Beclin-1 expression, but decreased p62 expression, which was abolished by PRO. In addition, an increased cell apoptosis rates triggered by CoCl₂ were reduced by PRO with the down-regulations of Bax and Caspase-3 and the up-regulation of Bcl-2. Furthermore, PRO decreased methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and ROS in CoCl₂-induced PC12 cells accompanying the increase in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and MMP. The effects of PRO on autophagy, apoptosis and oxidative stress in CoCl₂-induced PC12 cell were reversed by miR-134 mimic. CONCLUSION PRO may mitigate CoCl₂-induced autophagy in PC12 cells with decreased apoptosis and improved oxidative stress via mediating miR-134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China.
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of General Medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Yun Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Huan Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
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Zhang Y, Cheng L, Zhang X. Interactions of tea polyphenols with intestinal microbiota and their effects on cerebral nerves. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13575. [PMID: 33222220 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tea polyphenols (TP) are important functional components in tea. TP can regulate the composition of human intestinal flora, meanwhile, TP can be bio-transformed by the intestinal microbiota, resulting in relative metabolites, which prevent nerve damage, promote neurocognition, and increase resistance to oxidative stress. In recent years, cerebral nerves have become a hot topic of research, and studies have marked the importance of microbial flora and TP in protecting cerebral nerves. This paper reviews the effects of TP on intestinal microflora and the microbial degradation of TP. Furthermore, the potential effects of TP on cerebral nerves have been highlighted. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Neuroscience studies are primarily focused on discerning the functional mechanism of the nervous system. The functional role of intestinal microbiota in host physiology regulation, especially neurological functions, has become a hotspot for neurological research. TP play a vital role in maintaining the steady status of intestinal flora and protecting cerebral nerve damage. An in-depth understanding of the TP and intestinal microbiota interaction, its implication on cerebral nerve protection, and the associated underlying mechanism will allow us to expand the therapeutic applications of TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
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Gavrilova SI, Alvarez A. Cerebrolysin in the therapy of mild cognitive impairment and dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: 30 years of clinical use. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:2775-2803. [PMID: 32808294 DOI: 10.1002/med.21722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurocognitive disorder and a global health problem. The prevalence of AD is growing dramatically, especially in low- and middle-income countries, and will reach 131.5 million cases worldwide by 2050. Therefore, developing a disease-modifying therapy capable of delaying or even preventing the onset and progression of AD has become a world priority, and is an unmet need. The pathogenesis of AD, considered as the result of an imbalance between resilience and risk factors, begins many years before the typical clinical picture develops and involves multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. Since the pathophysiology of AD is multifactorial, it is not surprising that all attempts done to modify the disease course with drugs directed towards a single therapeutic target have been unsuccessful. Thus, combined modality therapy, using multiple drugs with a single mechanism of action or multi-target drugs, appears as the most promising strategy for both effective AD therapy and prevention. Cerebrolysin, acting as a multitarget peptidergic drug with a neurotrophic mode of action, exerts long-lasting therapeutic effects on AD that could reflect its potential utility for disease modification. Clinical trials demonstrated that Cerebrolysin is safe and efficacious in the treatment of AD, and may enhance and prolong the efficacy of cholinergic drugs, particularly in moderate to advanced AD patients. In this review, we summarize advances of therapeutic relevance in the pathogenesis and the biomarkers of AD, paying special attention to neurotrophic factors, and present results of preclinical and clinical investigations with Cerebrolysin in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana I Gavrilova
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Cognitive Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease Unit, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Alvarez
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain.,Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain
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Yang C, Zhang X, Yin H, Du Z, Yang Z. MiR-429/200a/200b negatively regulate Notch1 signaling pathway to suppress CoCl 2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104787. [PMID: 32004541 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis is a central hallmark of cerebral ischemia, which is serious threats to human health. Notch1 signaling pathway and three members of miR-200 family, miR-429, miR-200a and miR-200b, are reported to have tight connection with hypoxia-induced injury. However, their mutual regulation relationship and their roles in neuronal apoptosis caused by hypoxia are rarely reported. In the present study, differentiated pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were treated with chemical hypoxia inducer, cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to establish in vitro neuronal hypoxia model. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Western blot assay and Hoechst staining indicated that CoCl2 caused apoptosis of PC12 cells along with the activation of Notch1 signallilng pathway. The treatment of N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butylester (DAPT) inhibited Notch1 signaling pathway and attenuated the apoptosis induced by CoCl2. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that expressions of miR-429/200a/200b were dynamically changed during the treatment of CoCl2, and significantly decreased after 12-hour treatment of CoCl2. Overexpression of miR-429/200a/200b inhibited the Notch1 signaling pathway and suppressed CoCl2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. These results may clarify the roles of miR-429/200a/200b and Notch1 signaling pathway in hypoxia-induced nerve injury and provide a new theoretical basis to relieve nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Yang
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongqiang Yin
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhanqiang Du
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Tsai T, Reinehr S, Maliha AM, Joachim SC. Immune Mediated Degeneration and Possible Protection in Glaucoma. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:931. [PMID: 31543759 PMCID: PMC6733056 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying pathomechanisms for glaucoma, one of the most common causes of blindness worldwide, are still not identified. In addition to increased intraocular pressure (IOP), oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and immunological processes seem to play a role. Several pharmacological or molecular/genetic methods are currently investigated as treatment options for this disease. Altered autoantibody levels were detected in serum, aqueous humor, and tissue sections of glaucoma patients. To further analyze the role of the immune system, an IOP-independent, experimental autoimmune glaucoma (EAG) animal model was developed. In this model, immunization with ocular antigens leads to antibody depositions, misdirected T-cells, retinal ganglion cell death and degeneration of the optic nerve, similar to glaucomatous degeneration in patients. Moreover, an activation of the complement system and microglia alterations were identified in the EAG as well as in ocular hypertension models. The inhibition of these factors can alleviate degeneration in glaucoma models with and without high IOP. Currently, several neuroprotective approaches are tested in distinct models. It is necessary to have systems that cover underlying pathomechanisms, but also allow for the screening of new drugs. In vitro models are commonly used, including single cell lines, mixed-cultures, and even organoids. In ex vivo organ cultures, pathomechanisms as well as therapeutics can be investigated in the whole retina. Furthermore, animal models reveal insights in the in vivo situation. With all these models, several possible new drugs and therapy strategies were tested in the last years. For example, hypothermia treatment, neurotrophic factors or the blockage of excitotoxity. However, further studies are required to reveal the pressure independent pathomechanisms behind glaucoma. There is still an open issue whether immune mechanisms directly or indirectly trigger cell death pathways. Hence, it might be an imbalance between protective and destructive immune mechanisms. Moreover, identified therapy options have to be evaluated in more detail, since deeper insights could lead to better treatment options for glaucoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephanie C. Joachim
- Experimental Eye Research, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Gao J, Kang M, Han Y, Zhang T, Jin H, Kang C. RETRACTED: Ginkgolides B alleviates hypoxia-induced PC-12 cell injury by up-regulation of PLK1. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108885. [PMID: 31029888 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief as panels within Figures 2D and 5D appear similar to each other. Given the comments of Dr Elisabeth Bik regarding this article “This paper belongs to a set of over 400 papers (as per February 2020) that share very similar Western blots with tadpole-like shaped bands, the same background pattern, and striking similarities in title structures, paper layout, bar graph design, and - in a subset - flow cytometry panels”, the journal requested the authors to provide the raw data. However, the authors were not able to fulfil this request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Mingyang Kang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yingying Han
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Chunyang Kang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.
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Kang C, Kang M, Han Y, Zhang T, Quan W, Gao J. 6-Gingerols (6G) reduces hypoxia-induced PC-12 cells apoptosis and autophagy through regulation of miR-103/BNIP3. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:1653-1661. [PMID: 31043087 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1606010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Kang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingyang Kang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingying Han
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Quan
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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14
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Gromova OA, Torshin IY, Stakhovskaia LV, Maiorova LA, Ostrenko KS. Comparative studies of neurotrophic drugs based on brain hydrolysates. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:134-140. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2019119101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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He M, Sun H, Pang J, Guo X, Huo Y, Wu X, Liu Y, Ma J. Propofol alleviates hypoxia-induced nerve injury in PC-12 cells by up-regulation of microRNA-153. BMC Anesthesiol 2018; 18:197. [PMID: 30579328 PMCID: PMC6303956 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-018-0660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the neuroprotective role of propofol has been identified recently, the regulatory mechanism associated with microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in neuronal cells remains to be poorly understood. We aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of propofol in hypoxia-injured rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells. Methods PC-12 cells were exposed to hypoxia, and cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry assay/Western blot analysis, respectively. Effects of propofol on hypoxia-injured cells were measured, and the expression of miR-153 was determined by stem-loop RT-PCR. After that, whether propofol affected PC-12 cells under hypoxia via miR-153 was verified, and the downstream protein of miR-153 as well as the involved signaling cascade was finally explored. Results Hypoxia-induced decrease of cell viability and increase of apoptosis were attenuated by propofol. Then, we found hypoxia exposure up-regulated miR-153 expression, and the level of miR-153 was further elevated by propofol in hypoxia-injured PC-12 cells. Following experiments showed miR-153 inhibition reversed the effects of propofol on hypoxia-treated PC-12 cells. Afterwards, we found BTG3 expression was negatively regulated by miR-153 expression, and BTG3 overexpression inhibited the mTOR pathway and AMPK activation. Besides, hypoxia inhibited the mTOR pathway and AMPK, and these inhibitory effects could be attenuated by propofol. Conclusion Propofol protected hypoxia-injured PC-12 cells through miR-153-mediataed down-regulation of BTG3. BTG3 could inhibit the mTOR pathway and AMPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinlei Pang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiangfei Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yansong Huo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xianhong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yaguang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Wang S, Su G, Zhang Q, Zhao T, Liu Y, Zheng L, Zhao M. Walnut ( Juglans regia) Peptides Reverse Sleep Deprivation-Induced Memory Impairment in Rat via Alleviating Oxidative Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:10617-10627. [PMID: 30226056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the neuroprotective effects of walnut protein hydrolysates (WPH) against memory deficits induced by sleep deprivation (SD) in rat and further to identify and characterize the potent neuroprotective peptides against glutamate-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Results showed that a remarkable amelioration effect on behavioral performance in Morris water maze test was observed for WPH and its low molecular weight fraction WPHL, especially for WPHL. Additionally, a reduction of antioxidant defense (catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) and an increase of malondialdehyde content induced by SD were normalized in brain of rat after oral administration of WPH and WPHL. Then three neuroprotective peptides including GGW, VYY, and LLPF were identified from WPHL, which could protect PC12 cells against glutamate-induced apoptosis with relative cell viability of 78.29 ± 3.09%, 80.65 ± 1.74%, and 83.97 ± 3.06%, respectively, versus glutamate group 48.61 ± 3.99%. The possible mechanism underlying their protective effects of GGW and VYY could be related to their strong radical scavenging activity as well as their ability to reduce reactive oxygen species production and the depletion of SOD and GSH-px in PC12 cells. Notably, the marked neuroprotective effects of LLPF, which did not show obvious free-radical scavenging activity in vitro, could be attributed to its strong effects on inhibiting Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse. Additionally, all these peptides could regulate the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and Bcl-2). Therefore, walnut peptides might be regarded as the potential nutraceuticals against neurodegenerative disorders associated with memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Guowan Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology & Business University , Beijing 100048 , China
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17
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Zhao T, Su G, Wang S, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Zheng L, Sun B, Zhao M. Neuroprotective Effects of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Peptides from Anchovy (Coilia mystus) against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in PC12 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:11192-11201. [PMID: 29190426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ameliorations of cholinergic system dysfunction and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases were main approaches to improve memory disorder. Our previous investigation showed that anchovy protein hydrolysate (APH) could attenuate scopolamine-induced memory deficits in mice by regulating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Therefore, peptides with AChE inhibitory activity in APH were explored and identified in this study, and their possible neuroprotective mechanisms on glutamate induced apoptosis in PC12 were also elucidated. Two peptides with strong AChE inhibitory capacity were identified as Pro-Ala-Tyr-Cys-Ser (PAYCS) and Cys-Val-Gly-Ser-Tyr (CVGSY) by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The AChE inhibitory was 23.68 ± 0.97% and 6.08 ± 0.41%, respectively. Treatment with PAYCS and CVGSY could significantly (p < 0.05) increase cells viability, reduce lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde content, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 of glutamate-induced apoptosis PC12 cells (82.78 ± 6.58 and 109.94 ± 7.16% of control, respectively) as well as increase superoxide dismutase and GSH-px activities. In addition, both the peptides could inhibit Ca2+ influx but have no effects on mitochondrial membrane potential. Results indicated that AChE inhibitory peptides (PAYCS and CVGSY) possibly protected the PC12 cells against glutamate-induced apoptosis via inhibiting ROS production and Ca2+ influx. PAYCS and CVGSY might be considered as nutraceuticals for alleviating memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Guowan Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048, China
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Yakovlev AA, Lyzhin AA, Khaspekov LG, Guekht AB, Gulyaeva NV. The peptide-based drug cortexin inhibits brain caspase-8. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750817020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wang LL, Li J, Gu X, Wei L, Yu SP. Delayed treatment of 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime stimulates neurogenesis and functional recovery after focal ischemic stroke in mice. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 57:77-84. [PMID: 28111255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) was originally identified as a regulator for glycogen metabolism and is now an important therapeutic target for a variety of brain disorders including neurodegenerative diseases due to it's pivotal role in cellular metabolism, proliferation and differentiation. In the development of stroke therapies focusing on tissue repair and functional recovery, promoting neurogenesis is a main approach in regenerative medicine. In the present investigation, we explored the effects of a GSK3β specific inhibitor, 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO), on regenerative activities of neuroblasts in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and functional recovery after focal cerebral ischemia. Adult C57/BL mice were subjected to occlusion of distal branches of middle cerebral artery (MCA) supplying the sensorimotor barrel cortex. Three days later, BIO (8.5μg/kg, i.p.) was administered every 2days until sacrificed at 14 or 21days after stroke. The BIO treatment significantly increased generation of neuroblasts labeled with BrdU and BrdU/doublecortin (DCX) in the SVZ. Comparing to vehicle controls, increased number of neuroblasts migrated to the peri-infarct region where they differentiate into mature neurons. Along with the elevated BDNF expression at the peri-infarct area, the number of newly formed neurons was significantly increased. BIO treatment significantly enhanced sensorimotor functional recovery after the focal ischemia. It is suggested that the GSK3 signaling may be a potential therapeutic target for regenerative treatment after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jimei Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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20
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Page S, Munsell A, Al-Ahmad AJ. Cerebral hypoxia/ischemia selectively disrupts tight junctions complexes in stem cell-derived human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Fluids Barriers CNS 2016; 13:16. [PMID: 27724968 PMCID: PMC5057206 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-016-0042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) is an important stress factor involved in the disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) following stroke injury, yet the cellular and molecular mechanisms on how the human BBB responds to such injury remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the cellular response of the human BBB to chemical and environmental H/I in vitro. Methods In this study, we used immortalized hCMEC/D3 and IMR90 stem-cell derived human brain microvascular endothelial cell lines (IMR90-derived BMECs). Hypoxic stress was achieved by exposure to cobalt chloride (CoCl2) or by exposure to 1 % hypoxia and oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD) was used to model ischemic injury. We assessed barrier function using both transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and sodium fluorescein permeability. Changes in cell junction integrity were assessed by immunocytochemistry and cell viability was assessed by trypan-blue exclusion and by MTS assays. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results CoCl2 selectively disrupted the barrier function in IMR90-derived BMECs but not in hCMEC/D3 monolayers and cytotoxic effects did not drive such disruption. In addition, hypoxia/OGD stress significantly disrupted the barrier function by selectively disrupting tight junctions (TJs) complexes. In addition, we noted an uncoupling between cell metabolic activity and barrier integrity. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated the ability of IMR90-derived BMECs to respond to hypoxic/ischemic injury triggered by both chemical and environmental stress by showing a disruption of the barrier function. Such disruption was selectively targeting TJ complexes and was not driven by cellular apoptosis. In conclusion, this study suggests the suitability of stem cell-derived human BMECs monolayers as a model of cerebral hypoxia/ischemia in vitro. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12987-016-0042-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyanne Page
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 1300 South Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Alli Munsell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 1300 South Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Abraham J Al-Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 1300 South Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX, USA.
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21
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Alvarez XA, Alvarez I, Iglesias O, Crespo I, Figueroa J, Aleixandre M, Linares C, Granizo E, Garcia-Fantini M, Marey J, Masliah E, Winter S, Muresanu D, Moessler H. Synergistic Increase of Serum BDNF in Alzheimer Patients Treated with Cerebrolysin and Donepezil: Association with Cognitive Improvement in ApoE4 Cases. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 19:pyw024. [PMID: 27207906 PMCID: PMC4926802 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low circulating brain derived neurotrophic factor may promote cognitive deterioration, but the effects of neurotrophic and combination drug therapies on serum brain derived neurotrophic factor were not previously investigated in Alzheimer's disease. METHODS We evaluated the effects of Cerebrolysin, donepezil, and the combined therapy on brain derived neurotrophic factor serum levels at week 16 (end of Cerebrolysin treatment) and week 28 (endpoint) in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease patients. RESULTS Cerebrolysin, but not donepezil, increased serum brain derived neurotrophic factor at week 16, while the combination therapy enhanced it at both week 16 and study endpoint. Brain derived neurotrophic factor responses were significantly higher in the combination therapy group than in donepezil and Cerebrolysin groups at week 16 and week 28, respectively. Brain derived neurotrophic factor increases were greater in apolipoprotein E epsilon-4 allele carriers, and higher brain derived neurotrophic factor levels were associated with better cognitive improvements in apolipoprotein E epsilon-4 allele patients treated with Cerebrolysin and the combined therapy. CONCLUSION Our results indicate a synergistic action of Cerebrolysin and donepezil to increase serum brain derived neurotrophic factor and delaying cognitive decline, particularly in Alzheimer's disease cases with apolipoprotein E epsilon-4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Anton Alvarez
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu).
| | - Irene Alvarez
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Olalla Iglesias
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Ignacio Crespo
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Jesus Figueroa
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Manuel Aleixandre
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Carlos Linares
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Elias Granizo
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Manuel Garcia-Fantini
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Jose Marey
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Stefan Winter
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Dafin Muresanu
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
| | - Herbert Moessler
- Medinova Institute of Neurosciences, Clinica RehaSalud, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez, Ms Alvarez, Ms Iglesias, Mr Crespo, and Dr Figueroa); Clinical Research Department, QPS Holdings, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Alvarez); Rehabilitation Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Dr Figueroa); School of Psychology, Granada University, Granada, Spain (Dr Aleixandre); Complejo Asistencial HHSCJ, Málaga, Spain (Drs Linares and Granizo); Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital HM Modelo, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Garcia-Fantini); Department of Neurology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain (Dr Marey); Departments of Neurosciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (Dr Masliah); Ever NeuroPharma, Unterach, Austria (Drs Winter and Moessler); Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hațieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu); and ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania (Dr Muresanu)
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22
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Neuroprotective effects of Cerebrolysin in triple repeat Tau transgenic model of Pick's disease and fronto-temporal tauopathies. BMC Neurosci 2015; 16:85. [PMID: 26611895 PMCID: PMC4662012 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-015-0218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative disorders with accumulation of three-repeat (3R) or four-repeat (4R) Tau. While 3R tau is found in Pick's disease and Alzheimer's disease (AD), 4R tau is more abundant in corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, and AD. We have previously shown that Cerebrolysin™ (CBL), a neuropeptide mixture with neurotrophic effects, ameliorates the pathology in amyloid precursor protein transgenic (tg) mouse model of AD and 4R tau, however it is unclear if CBL ameliorates the deficits and neuropathology in the mouse model of Pick's disease over expressing 3R tau. RESULTS Mice expressing 3R tau (L266V and G272V mutations) under the mThy-1 promoter were treated with CBL in two separate groups, the first was 3 months old (treated for 3 months, IP) and the second was 6 months old (treated for 3 months, IP) at the start of the treatment. We found that although the levels of total 3R tau were unchanged, CBL reduced the levels of hyper-phosphorylated tau in both groups of mice. This was accompanied by reduced neurodegenerative pathology in the neocortex and hippocampus in both groups and by improvements in the behavioral deficits in the nest-building test and water maze in the 3-6 month group. CONCLUSION Taken together these results support the notion that CBL may be beneficial in other taupathy models by reducing the levels of aberrantly phosphorylated tau.
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Wei C, Li HZ, Wang YH, Peng X, Shao HJ, Li HX, Bai SZ, Lu XX, Wu LY, Wang R, Xu CQ. Exogenous spermine inhibits the proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells caused by chemically-induced hypoxia via the suppression of the ERK1/2- and PI3K/AKT-associated pathways. Int J Mol Med 2015; 37:39-46. [PMID: 26572277 PMCID: PMC4687431 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling is a significant pathological feature of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH), while pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation plays a leading role in pulmonary vascular remodeling. Spermine (Sp), a polyamine, plays a critical role in periodic cell proliferation and apoptosis. The present study was conducted to observe the association between hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and polyamine metabolism, and to explore the effects of exogenous Sp on PASMC poliferation and the related mechanisms. In the present study, PASMCs were cultured with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to establish a hypoxia model, and Sp at various final concentrations (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 µM) was added to the medium of PASMCs 40 min prior to the induction of hypoxia. Cell proliferation was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cell counting kit-8 assay and 5-bromo‑2'‑deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay. Cell cycle progression was determined by flow cytometry, and the protein expression levels of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT; the key enzyme in the terminal degradation of polyamine), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC; the key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis), cyclin D1 and p27 were measured by western blot analysis. The results revealed that the proliferation of the PASMCs cultured with CoCl2 at 50 µM for 24 h markedly increased. The expression of ODC was decreased and the expression of SSAT was increased in the cells under hypoxic conditions. Exogenous Sp at concentrations of 1 and 10 µM significantly inhibited hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0 phase. In addition, Sp decreased cyclin D1 expression, increased p27 expression, and suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT); however, the above-metioned parameters were not markedly affected by Sp at concentrations of 0.1 or 100 µM. These results suggest that hypoxia disrupts polyamine metabolism, and Sp at concentrations of 1 and 10 µM inhibits the increase in human PASMC proliferation caused by chemically-induced hypoxia via the suppression of the ERK1/2- and PI3K/AKT-associated pathways. This study thus offer new insight into the prevention and treatment of HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xue Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Jiang Shao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Xia Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Zhi Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Lu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Yun Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Qing Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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24
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Mo SJ, Hong J, Chen X, Han F, Ni Y, Zheng Y, Liu JQ, Xu L, Li Q, Yang XH, Sun RH, Yin XY. VEGF-mediated NF-κB activation protects PC12 cells from damage induced by hypoxia. Neurosci Lett 2015; 610:54-9. [PMID: 26518240 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis is a contributing cause of disability and death in cerebral ischemia. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) may become a potential therapeutic target for hypoxic/ischemic neuron damage because NF-κB is inactivated after hypoxia exposure. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been found to improve neurological function recovery in cerebral ischemic injury although the exact molecular mechanisms that underlie the neuroprotective function of VEGF remain largely unknown. Here we defined the mechanism by which VEGF antagonized neuron-like PC12 cells apoptosis induced by hypoxia mimetic agent cobalt chloride (CoCl2) is through restoration of NF-κB activity. Depletion of VEGF with small interfering RNA (siRNA) in PC12 cells conferred CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity which was mitigated by VEGF administration. Treatment of PC12 cells with VEGF attenuated the CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity in both dose- and time-dependent manner. Mechanistically, VEGF increased IκBα phosphorylation and ubiquitination, promoted P65 nuclear translocation as well as upregulated XIAP and CCND1 expression. Meanwhile, VEGF administration reversed the dysregulation of IκBα phosphorylation and ubiquitination, P65 nuclear translocation as well as XIAP and CCND1 expression induced by CoCl2. Notably, the VEGF-dependent cytoprotection was abolished by pretreatment with BAY 11-7085, a specific inhibitor of NF-κB. Our data suggest that VEGF/NF-κB signalling pathway represents an adaptive mechanism that protects neural cells against hypoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jing Mo
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jun Hong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yin Ni
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jing-Quan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ren-Hua Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Yin
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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25
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Tuttolomondo A, Pecoraro R, Arnao V, Maugeri R, Iacopino DG, Pinto A. Developing drug strategies for the neuroprotective treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Expert Rev Neurother 2015; 15:1271-84. [PMID: 26469760 DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2015.1101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Developing new treatment strategies for acute ischemic stroke in the last twenty years has offered some important successes, but also several failures. Most trials of neuroprotective therapies have been uniformly negative to date. Recent research has reported how excitatory amino acids act as the major excitatory neurotransmitters in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Furthermore, other therapeutic targets such as free radical scavenger strategies and the anti-inflammatory neuroprotective strategy have been evaluated with conflicting data in animal models and human subjects with acute ischemic stroke. Whereas promising combinations of neuroprotection and neurorecovery, such as citicoline, albumin and cerebrolysin have been tested with findings worthy of further evaluation in larger randomized clinical trials. Understanding the complexities of the ischemic cascade is essential to developing pharmacological targets for acute ischemic stroke in neuroprotective or flow restoration therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Tuttolomondo
- a Internal Medicine and Cardio-Angiology Ward, Department of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Di.Bi. M.I.S , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Rosaria Pecoraro
- a Internal Medicine and Cardio-Angiology Ward, Department of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Di.Bi. M.I.S , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.,b Emergency Care Unit , Fondazione Istituto S. Raffaele/Giglio of Cefalù , Cefalù , Italy
| | - Valentina Arnao
- c Neurology Ward, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Rosario Maugeri
- d Neurosurgery Ward, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Domenico Gerardo Iacopino
- d Neurosurgery Ward, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Antonio Pinto
- a Internal Medicine and Cardio-Angiology Ward, Department of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Di.Bi. M.I.S , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
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26
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Gevaert B, D'Hondt M, Bracke N, Yao H, Wynendaele E, Vissers JPC, De Cecco M, Claereboudt J, De Spiegeleer B. Peptide profiling of Internet-obtained Cerebrolysin using high performance liquid chromatography - electrospray ionization ion trap and ultra high performance liquid chromatography - ion mobility - quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry. Drug Test Anal 2015; 7:835-42. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.1817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bert Gevaert
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ghent University; Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent B-9000 Belgium
| | - Matthias D'Hondt
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ghent University; Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent B-9000 Belgium
| | - Nathalie Bracke
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ghent University; Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent B-9000 Belgium
| | - Han Yao
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ghent University; Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent B-9000 Belgium
| | - Evelien Wynendaele
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ghent University; Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent B-9000 Belgium
| | | | - Martin De Cecco
- Waters, ConneXion Business Park; Brusselsesteenweg 500 Zellik B-1731 Belgium
| | - Jan Claereboudt
- Waters, ConneXion Business Park; Brusselsesteenweg 500 Zellik B-1731 Belgium
| | - Bart De Spiegeleer
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ghent University; Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent B-9000 Belgium
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27
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Lai W, Zheng Z, Zhang X, Wei Y, Chu K, Brown J, Hong G, Chen L. Salidroside-Mediated Neuroprotection is Associated with Induction of Early Growth Response Genes (Egrs) Across a Wide Therapeutic Window. Neurotox Res 2015; 28:108-21. [PMID: 25911293 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Salidroside exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic properties. To identify whether salidroside might be a candidate for treating ischemic stroke, we investigated the effects of salidroside or vehicle, given daily for 6 days, after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h and reperfusion for either 1 or 48 h in rats. Salidroside reduced cerebral infarct volume and significantly improved neurological scores whether started after 1 or 48 h of reperfusion. Microarray analysis showed that 20 % (133/678) of the genes down-regulated by ischemia and 1 h of reperfusion were up-regulated by salidroside, whereas 13 % (105/829) of the genes induced by ischemia-reperfusion were inhibited by salidroside, suggesting that salidroside can reverse effects of ischemia-reperfusion on gene expression. The main enriched functional categories induced by salidroside were genes related to synaptic plasticity, whereas salidroside inhibited genes related to inflammation. Induction of Egr1, Egr2, Egr4, and Arc by salidroside was confirmed by qRT-PCR and western blotting in ischemic brains treated after either 1 or 48 h of reperfusion. The potential protective role of Egr4 in salidroside-mediated neuroprotection was subsequently investigated in CoCl2-treated PC12 cells. Egr4 was dose-dependently induced by salidroside in PC12 cells, and depleting Egr4 with target-specific siRNA increased caspase-3 activity and Bax, but decreased Bcl-xl, which were reversed by salidroside. Finally, we confirmed that salidroside inhibited the Bax/Bcl-xl-related apoptosis after MCAO with reperfusion. In conclusion, salidroside is highly neuroprotective with a wide therapeutic time window after ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat, and this partially involves induction of Egrs, leading to inhibition of Bax/Bcl-xl-related apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Lai
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Huatou Road, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, China
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