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Carneiro DG, Pereira Aguilar A, Mantovani HC, Mendes TADO, Vanetti MCD. The quorum sensing molecule C12-HSL promotes biofilm formation and increases adrA expression in Salmonella Enteritidis under anaerobic conditions. BIOFOULING 2024; 40:14-25. [PMID: 38254292 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2305385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are quorum-sensing signaling molecules in Gram-negative bacteria and positively regulate biofilm formation in Salmonella under specific conditions. In this study, biofilm formation in Salmonella enterica was evaluated at 28 and 37 °C, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Additionally, the influence of the N-dodecanoyl-DL-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL) on biofilm formation and the expression of genes related to the synthesis of structural components, regulation, and quorum sensing was assessed under anaerobiosis at 28 and 37 °C. Biofilm formation was found not to be influenced by the atmospheric conditions at 28 °C. However, it was reduced at 37 °C under anaerobiosis. C12-HSL enhanced biofilm formation at 37 °C under anaerobiosis and increased the expression of the adrA and luxS genes, suggesting an increase in c-di-GMP, a second messenger that controls essential physiological functions in bacteria. These results provide new insights into the regulation of biofilm formation in Salmonella under anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ananda Pereira Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Hilário Cuquetto Mantovani
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Brazil
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of WI, Madison, USA
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2
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Zhang C, Liu M, Wu Y, Li X, Zhang C, Call DR, Liu M, Zhao Z. ArcB orchestrates the quorum-sensing system to regulate type III secretion system 1 in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2281016. [PMID: 37982663 PMCID: PMC10841015 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2281016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In many Vibrio species, virulence is regulated by quorum sensing, which is regulated by a complex, multichannel, two-component phosphorelay circuit. Through this circuit, sensor kinases transmit sensory information to the phosphotransferase LuxU via a phosphotransfer mechanism, which in turn transmits the signal to the response regulator LuxO. For Vibrio parahaemolyticus, type III secretion system 1 (T3SS1) is required for cytotoxicity, but it is unclear how quorum sensing regulates T3SS1 expression. Herein, we report that a hybrid histidine kinase, ArcB, instead of LuxU, and sensor kinase LuxQ and response regulator LuxO, collectively orchestrate T3SS1 expression in V. parahaemolyticus. Under high oxygen conditions, LuxQ can interact with ArcB directly and phosphorylates the Hpt domain of ArcB. The Hpt domain of ArcB phosphorylates the downstream response regulator LuxO instead of ArcA. LuxO then activates transcription of the T3SS1 gene cluster. Under hypoxic conditions, ArcB autophosphorylates and phosphorylates ArcA, whereas ArcA does not participate in regulating the expression of T3SS1. Our data provides evidence of an alternative regulatory path involving the quorum sensing phosphorelay and adds another layer of understanding about the environmental regulation of gene expression in V. parahaemolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xixi Li
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Douglas R. Call
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Xu T, Xiao Y, Wang H, Zhu J, Lu W, Chen W. Multiomics reveals the mechanism of B. longum in promoting the formation of mixed-species biofilms. Food Funct 2023; 14:8276-8290. [PMID: 37602484 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01751f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
It has been found previously that Bifidobacterium longum, Bacteroides ovatus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Lactobacillus gasseri can form a biofilm better when co-cultured in vitro and B. longum is the core biofilm-formation-promoting strain in this community. B. longum is part of the core microbiota in the gut and is widely recognized as a probiotic. Therefore, it is necessary to explore its role in mixed-species biofilms through transcriptomics and metabolomics. Metabolomics showed that the increase in amino acid and purine content could promote biofilm formation. In transcriptomic analysis, many genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and environmental tolerance of B. longum were up-regulated. Combined with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of B. longum in mixed-species biofilms were mainly correlated to "quorum sensing (QS)", "ABC transporters", "biosynthesis of amino acids", "microbial metabolism in different environments", "carbohydrate metabolism" and "two-component system". In addition, the rpl and rps gene families, which function in the metabolism of organic substances and the biosynthesis of amino acids, were the core DEGs according to the analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Finally, by combining metabolomics and quorum sensing mechanisms, it was found that the metabolism of autoinducer peptides (proliylglycine and glycylleucine), N-acyl homoserine lactone (N-(3-oxo hydroxy) homoserine lactone), and AI-2 can promote the formation of biofilms, both mono- and mixed-species biofilms composed of B. longum. Our research enabled us to understand the critical role of B. longum in mixed-species biofilms and the interactions between biofilm metabolism and gut health. In addition, the generated knowledge will be of great significance for us to develop biofilm products with beneficial functions in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinlin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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4
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Hu MX, He F, Zhao ZS, Guo YX, Ma XK, Tu CK, Teng H, Chen ZX, Yan H, Shao X. Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes Accelerate Biofilm Formation and Probiotic Enrichment: Enhanced Tolerances to pH and Antibiotics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31601-31612. [PMID: 35793165 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are the oldest, most successful, and most widely distributed form of microorganism life on earth, existing even in extreme environments. Presently, probiotics in biofilm phenotype are thought as the most advanced fourth-generation probiotics. However, high-efficiency and large-scale biofilm enrichment in an artificial way is difficult. Here, fibrous membranes as probiotic biofilm-enriching materials are studied. Electrospun cellulose acetate nanofibrous membranes with nano-sized fibers show outstanding superiority over fibrous membranes with micron-sized fibers in Lactobacillus paracasei biofilm enrichment. The special 3D structure of electrospun nanofibrous membranes makes other facilitating biofilm formation factors insignificant. With a suitable scaffold/culture medium ratio, nearly 100% of L. paracasei cells exist as biofilm phenotype on the membrane from the very beginning, not planktonic state. L. paracasei biofilms possess a potential for long-term survival and high tolerances toward strong acidic and alkali conditions and antibiotics. RNA sequencing results explain why L. paracasei biofilms possess high tolerances toward harsh environments as compared to planktonic L. paracasei. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes can serve as powerful biofilm-enriching scaffolds for probiotics and other valuable microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xin Hu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Fei He
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zi-Shu Zhao
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ya-Xin Guo
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xue-Ke Ma
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Cheng-Kai Tu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hui Teng
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhe-Xin Chen
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hong Yan
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xin Shao
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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5
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Alves Coelho Trevisan D, Aline Zanetti Campanerut-Sa P, da Silva AF, Farias Pereira Batista A, Seixas FAV, Peralta RM, de Sa-Nakanishi AB, de Abreu Filho BA, Machinski Junior M, Graton Mikcha JM. Action of carvacrol in Salmonella Typhimurium biofilm: A proteomic study. J Appl Biomed 2021; 18:106-114. [PMID: 34907763 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2020.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Carvacrol presents action in Salmonella Typhimurium biofilms, however the antibiofilm mechanism of this compound has not been fully established yet. In the present study, the aim was to evaluate protein profile changes in S. Typhimurium biofilm treated with carvacrol. Proteomic analysis of treated versus untreated biofilm showed several changes in proteins involved with S. Typhimurium biofilm and antioxidant activity. The proteins DsbA (thiol: disulfide interchange protein DsbA), LuxS (S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase), DksA (RNA polymerase binding transcription factor DksA), and SODs (superoxide dismutases) A, B and C had their synthesis decreased after treatment with carvacrol. These proteins play a key role in S. Typhimurium biofilm formation, demonstrating the dynamic antibiofilm action of carvacrol. The differentially expressed proteins identified provide possible action targets for future studies in order to gain more insight into the mechanism of action of carvacrol on S. Typhimurium biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alex Fiori da Silva
- State University of Minas Gerais, Department of Biological Sciences, Ituiutaba, Brasil
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6
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Pineda MR, Byrd JA, Genovese KJ, Farnell YZ, Zhao D, Wang X, Milby AC, Farnell MB. Evaluation of Sodium Bisulfate on Reducing Salmonella Heidelberg Biofilm and Colonization in Broiler Crops and Ceca. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102047. [PMID: 34683366 PMCID: PMC8540007 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) on contaminated poultry causes economic and health risks to producers and consumers. We hypothesized that sodium bisulfate (SBS) would decrease SH biofilm on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coupons and decrease the horizontal transfer of SH in broilers. Experiment 1: Salmonella Heidelberg biofilm was cultured with PVC coupons, which were treated with SBS at a pH of 3.5 for 10 min, 8 h, and 24 h. Experiment 2: Nine replicate pens per treatment were divided between two rooms. A seeder contact model was used to mimic a natural infection environment. Treatments consisted of tap water or sodium bisulfate in water at a pH of 3.5. Salmonella Heidelberg incidence and enumeration were measured in crops and ceca. Sodium bisulfate significantly reduced biofilm by 2.16 and 1.04 logs when treated for 8 and 24 h, respectively. Crop colonization was significantly decreased in trials 1 and 2 by 0.29 and 0.23 logs, respectively. Crop pH was significantly decreased in trial 2. Ceca colonization was significantly decreased in trial 1 by 0.39 logs. The results from the present study suggest that SBS may be administered to drinking water to decrease SH gut colonization and to reduce biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Rose Pineda
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.R.P.); (Y.Z.F.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.C.M.)
| | - James Allen Byrd
- Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, College Station, TX 77845, USA; (J.A.B.); (K.J.G.)
| | - Kenneth James Genovese
- Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, College Station, TX 77845, USA; (J.A.B.); (K.J.G.)
| | - Yuhua Zhang Farnell
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.R.P.); (Y.Z.F.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.R.P.); (Y.Z.F.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.R.P.); (Y.Z.F.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Allison Claire Milby
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.R.P.); (Y.Z.F.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Morgan Brian Farnell
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.R.P.); (Y.Z.F.); (D.Z.); (X.W.); (A.C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(979)-847-7363
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7
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Dimopoulou M, Kefalloniti V, Tsakanikas P, Papanikolaou S, Nychas GJE. Assessing the Biofilm Formation Capacity of the Wine Spoilage Yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis through FTIR Spectroscopy. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030587. [PMID: 33809238 PMCID: PMC7999561 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Brettanomyces bruxellensis is a wine spoilage yeast known to colonize and persist in production cellars. However, knowledge on the biofilm formation capacity of B. bruxellensis remains limited. The present study investigated the biofilm formation of 11 B. bruxellensis strains on stainless steel coupons after 3 h of incubation in an aqueous solution. FTIR analysis was performed for both planktonic and attached cells, while comparison of the obtained spectra revealed chemical groups implicated in the biofilm formation process. The increased region corresponding to polysaccharides and lipids clearly discriminated the obtained spectra, while the absorption peaks at the specific wavenumbers possibly reveal the presence of β-glucans, mannas and ergosterol. Unsupervised clustering and supervised classification were employed to identify the important wavenumbers of the whole spectra. The fact that all the metabolic fingerprints of the attached versus the planktonic cells were similar within the same cell phenotype class and different between the two phenotypes, implies a clear separation of the cell phenotype; supported by the results of the developed classification model. This study represents the first to succeed at applying a non-invasive technique to reveal the metabolic fingerprint implicated in the biofilm formation capacity of B. bruxellensis, underlying the homogenous mechanism within the yeast species.
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8
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Yuan L, Mgomi FC, Xu Z, Wang N, He G, Yang Z. Understanding of food biofilms by the application of omics techniques. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:257-269. [PMID: 33595346 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms constitute a protective barrier for foodborne pathogens to survive under stressful food processing conditions. Therefore, studies into the development and control of biofilms by novel techniques are vital for the food industry. In recent years, foodomics techniques have been developed for biofilm studies, which contributed to a better understanding of biofilm behavior, physiology, composition, as well as their response to antibiofilm methods at different molecular levels including genes, RNA, proteins and metabolic metabolites. Throughout this review, the main studies where foodomics tools used to explore the mechanisms for biofilm formation, dispersal and elimination were reviewed. The data summarized from relevant studies are important to design novel and appropriate biofilm elimination methods for enhancing food safety at any point of food processing lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology & Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Fedrick C Mgomi
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Zhenbo Xu
- School of Food Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ni Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Guoqing He
- College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhenquan Yang
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
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9
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Acuff JC, Waterman K, Ramakrishnan J, Ponder MA. Thermal Resistance of Single Strains of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O121:H19 and O157:H7 Based on Culture Preparation Method and Osmolyte-Reduced Water Activity. J Food Prot 2021; 84:122-127. [PMID: 32916717 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Bacterial exposure to stress, such as reduced water activity (aw), can increase thermal resistance. Pathogen thermal resistance studies on low-aw foods use a variety of methods to inoculate food, as well as strategies to reduce aw, which can influence observations. This study investigated effects of culture preparation method and osmolyte-induced aw on thermal resistance of two Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains (O121:H19 and O157:H7) challenged with isothermal conditions, determining D- and z-values for each isolate (56, 59, and 62°C). Tryptic soy broth (TSB) and agar (lawn cultures) were compared. D-values of broth cultures were significantly and consistently larger than those of lawn cultures, and O121 was significantly more resistant than O157, but only at 56°C (P < 0.05). To compare potential effects of aw on STEC thermal resistance, cells were suspended in osmolyte solutions with varying aw: high (TSB, aw 0.99), intermediate (61% glycerol or 26% NaCl, aw 0.75), and low (82% glycerol, aw 0.5). In most instances, STEC strains in high-aw broth exhibited greater heat resistance compared to reduced-aw solutions, with the exception of the glycerol intermediate-aw solution (aw 0.75). Magnitudes varied with strain and temperature. The z-values of lawn cultures were significantly lower than those of broth cultures (P < 0.05), but there were few differences between high-aw and reduced-aw samples. There were no significant differences of z-values based on strain type. These results highlight that thermal resistance can be affected by culture preparation and that osmolyte-induced changes to aw influence thermal inactivation of STEC by varying magnitudes. These results emphasize the challenges of extrapolating results from laboratory inactivation kinetic experiments to determine the inactivation of low-aw foods, especially those considered dry in nature. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Acuff
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, 1230 Washington Street, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Kim Waterman
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, 1230 Washington Street, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Jahnavi Ramakrishnan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, 1230 Washington Street, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Monica A Ponder
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, 1230 Washington Street, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.,(ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7047-3127 [M.A.P.])
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10
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Park JH, Park JH, Lee SH, Yoon JJ, Kim SH, Park HD. Metabolic flux and functional potential of microbial community in an acidogenic dynamic membrane bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 305:123060. [PMID: 32114306 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a laboratory-scale acidogenic dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) was operated with or without alginate immobilization under various hydraulic retention times. The interactions between biofilm formation, metabolic flux and predicted functional genes were investigated in the DMBR. Regardless of the alginate immobilization, hydrogen yield was increased after biofilm was formed on a supporting material. Metabolic flux shifts from homoacetogenic to hydrogenic pathways along with biofilm formation was confirmed by flux balance analysis for metabolites. KEGG ortholog count prediction of functional genes from microbial consortia using bioinformatics package (PICRUSt). Predicted enzymes showed similar levels of functional gene expression regardless of the immobilization status. PICRUSt result showed strong evidence of the functional relationship among hydrogen production, biofilm formation, and metabolic pathway. Taken together, this study provides to estimate characteristics of biofilm formation changes and to better understand the microbial metabolism of DMBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hun Park
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- Clean Innovation Technology Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Deung Park
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Green School, Graduate School of Energy and Environment, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Xi D, Yang S, Liu Q, Li Y, Li Y, Yan J, Wang X, Ning K, Cao B. The response regulator ArcA enhances biofilm formation in the vpsT manner under the anaerobic condition in Vibrio cholerae. Microb Pathog 2020; 144:104197. [PMID: 32283260 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae, the agent of severe diarrheal disease cholera, is known to form biofilm to persist in the environmental and the host,s intestines. The bacteria execute a complex regulatory pathway producing virulence factors that allow colonization and cause disease in response to environmental signals in the intestine, including low oxygen-limited condition. VpsR and VpsT are primary regulators of the biofilm formation-regulatory network. In this study, we determined that anaerobic induction enhanced biofilm formation via the two component system, ArcB/A, which functions as a positive regulator of toxT expression. The biofilm formation has reduced approximately 2.4-fold in the ΔarcA mutant compared to the wild type in anaerobic condition. Chip-qPCR and EMSA assays confirmed that ArcA can bind directly to the vpsT promoter and then activates the expression of biofilm formation related genes, vpsA-K and vpsL-Q. Meanwhile, the ΔarcA mutant decreased the ability of colonization in intestine with CI (competition index) of 0.27 compared to wild type strain. These results suggest that ArcA links the expression of virulence and biofilm synthesis genes during anaerobic condition, and contributes to understand the complex relationship between biofilm formation and the intestinal signals during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyi Xi
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Qian Liu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yujia Li
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Junxiang Yan
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Kexin Ning
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Boyang Cao
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, TEDA College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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12
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Chen J, Wang Y. Genetic determinants of Salmonella enterica critical for attachment and biofilm formation. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 320:108524. [PMID: 32000116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella is a bacterial pathogen frequently involved in human gastrointestinal infections including those associated with low-moisture foods such as dehydrated food powders/spices, vegetable seeds, and tree nuts. The survival/persistence of Salmonella on low moisture foods and in dry environments is enhanced by its ability in developing biofilms. This study was undertaken to identify the genetic determinants critical for Salmonella attachment and biofilm formation. E. coli SM10 lambda pir, with a kanamycin resistant marker on mini-Tn10 (mini-Tn10:lacZ:kanr), an ampicillin resistant marker on the mini-Tn10-bearing suicidal plasmid pLBT and a streptomycin sensitive marker on the SM10 chromosome, was used as a donor (ampr, kanr, streps), and three Salmonella strains (amps, kans, strepr) were used as recipients in a transposon mutagenesis study. The donor and each recipient were co-incubated overnight on tryptic soy agar at 37 °C, and mutant colonies (amps, kanr, strepr) were subsequently selected. A single-banded degenerate PCR product, amplified from each mutant genome using oligonucleotide primers derived from the end of min-Tn10 and restriction enzyme EcoR I- or Pst I-recognizing sequence, were analyzed using the Sanger sequencing technology. Acquired DNA sequences were compared to those deposited in the Genbank using BLAST search. Cells of Salmonella mutants accumulated either significantly more or less (P < 0.05) biofilms than their parent cells on polystyrene surface. Sequence analysis of degenerate PCR products revealed that the mini-Tn10 from pLBT had inserted into the cdg, trx, fadI or rxt on Salmonella chromosomes. Results of the research will likely help strategize future antimicrobial intervention for control of pathogen attachment and biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Chen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment St., Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA.
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment St., Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA
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13
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Romeu MJ, Rodrigues D, Azeredo J. Effect of sub-lethal chemical disinfection on the biofilm forming ability, resistance to antibiotics and expression of virulence genes of Salmonella Enteritidis biofilm-surviving cells. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:101-112. [PMID: 31997643 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1719077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although disinfection procedures are widely implemented in food environments, bacteria can survive and present increased virulence/resistance. Since little is known about these phenomena regarding biofilms, this study aimed to investigate the effect of chemical disinfection on biofilm-derived cells of Salmonella Enteritidis. Using a reference strain (NCTC 13349) and a food isolate (350), biofilm susceptibility to benzalkonium chloride (BAC), sodium hypochlorite (SH) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) was evaluated and biofilms were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of each disinfectant. Biofilm-derived cells were characterized for their biofilm forming ability, antibiotic resistance and expression of virulence-associated genes. Except for a few instances, disinfectant exposure did not alter antibiotic susceptibility. However, SH and HP exposure enhanced the biofilm forming ability of Salmonella Enteritidis NCTC 13349. After BAC and HP exposure, biofilm-derived cells presented a down-regulation of rpoS. Exposure to BAC also revealed an up-regulation of invA, avrA and csgD on Salmonella Enteritidis NCTC 13349. The results obtained suggest that biofilm-derived cells that survive disinfection may represent an increased health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Romeu
- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Diana Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Azeredo
- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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14
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Lucca V, Apellanis Borges K, Quedi Furian T, Borsoi A, Pippi Salle CT, de Souza Moraes HL, Pinheiro do Nascimento V. Influence of the norepinephrine and medium acidification in the growth and adhesion of Salmonella Heidelberg isolated from poultry. Microb Pathog 2019; 138:103799. [PMID: 31614192 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella spp. are among the leading pathogens responsible for foodborne illnesses worldwide. Bacterial communities use a quorum sensing (QS) system to control biofilm formation. QS is a cell-to-cell signaling mechanism involving compounds called auto-inducers (AI). Norepinephrine utilizes the same bacterial signaling of AI-3 and serves as a signal of QS. Acid stress is a challenge encountered by microorganisms in food processing environments and in the gastrointestinal tracts of hosts. Thus, adaptation to acidic environments may increase the pathogenicity of the strain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of two concentrations of norepinephrine (100 μM and 250 μM) and acidification (pH 3.0) of the medium on the growth and adhesion of Salmonella Heidelberg strains isolated from poultry sources at 12 °C and 25 °C. Furthermore, three genes associated with the biofilm formation process were detected (adrA, csgD, and sidA). Norepinephrine stimulation did not influence the growth or adhesion of Salmonella Heidelberg strains, regardless of the catecholamine concentration and temperature. On the other hand, the use of acidified medium (pH 3.0) resulted in a significant reduction of growth and a significant increase of S. Heidelberg adhesion at both temperatures, indicating that the acidified medium favors the biofilm formation process. The adrA and sidA genes showed higher detection frequencies than csgD. Experiments analyzing the biofilm production process by S. Heidelberg strains are not common, and further studies are necessary to understand this complex process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Lucca
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Veterinária, Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karen Apellanis Borges
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Veterinária, Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Thales Quedi Furian
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Veterinária, Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anderlise Borsoi
- Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, R. Sydnei Antonio Rangel Santos, 238, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos Tadeu Pippi Salle
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Veterinária, Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Luiz de Souza Moraes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Veterinária, Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Pinheiro do Nascimento
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Veterinária, Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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15
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Wong SM, Jackson MD, Akerley BJ. Suppression of Alternative Lipooligosaccharide Glycosyltransferase Activity by UDP-Galactose Epimerase Enhances Murine Lung Infection and Evasion of Serum IgM. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:160. [PMID: 31157175 PMCID: PMC6530457 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In pathogens that produce lipooligosaccharide (LOS), sugar residues within the surface-exposed LOS outer core mediate interactions with components of the host immune system, promoting bacterial infection. Many LOS structures are controlled by phase variation mediated by random slipped-strand base mispairing, which can reversibly switch gene expression on or off. Phase variation diversifies the LOS, however its adaptive role is not well-understood. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is an important pathogen that causes a range of illnesses in the upper and lower respiratory tract. In NTHi a phase variable galactosyltransferase encoded by lic2A initiates galactose chain extension of the LOS outer core. The donor substrate for Lic2A, UDP-galactose, is generated from UDP-glucose by UDP-galactose epimerase encoded by galE. Our previous fitness profiling of H. influenzae mutants in a murine lung model showed that the galE mutant had a severe survival defect, while the lic2A mutant's defect was modest, leading us to postulate that unidentified factors act as suppressors of potential defects in a lic2A mutant. Herein we conducted a genome-wide genetic interaction screen to identify genes epistatic on lic2A for survival in the murine lung. An unexpected finding was that galE mutants exhibited restored virulence properties in a lic2A mutant background. We identified an alternative antibody epitope generated by Lic2A in the galE mutant that increased sensitivity to classical complement mediated killing in human serum. Deletion of lic2A or restoration of UDP-galactose synthesis alleviated the galE mutant's virulence defects. These studies indicate that when deprived of its galactosyl substrate, Lic2A acquires an alternative activity leading to increased recognition of NTHi by IgM and decreased survival in the lung model. Biofilm formation was increased by deletion of galE and by increased availability of UDP-GlcNAc precursors that can compete with UDP-galactose production. NTHi's ability to reversibly inactivate lic2A by phase-variation may influence survival in niches of infection in which UDP-Galactose levels are limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy M Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Mary Darby Jackson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Brian J Akerley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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16
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Hiller CC, Lucca V, Carvalho D, Borsoi A, Borges KA, Furian TQ, do Nascimento VP. Influence of catecholamines on biofilm formation by Salmonella Enteritidis. Microb Pathog 2019; 130:54-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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17
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Lamas A, Regal P, Vázquez B, Miranda JM, Cepeda A, Franco CM. Salmonella and Campylobacter biofilm formation: a comparative assessment from farm to fork. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:4014-4032. [PMID: 29424050 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
It takes several steps to bring food from the farm to the fork (dining table), and contamination with food-borne pathogens can occur at any point in the process. Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. are the main microorganisms responsible for foodborne disease in the EU. These two pathogens are able to persist throughout the food supply chain thanks to their ability to form biofilms. Owing to the high prevalence of Salmonella and especially of Campylobacter in the food supply chain and the huge efforts of food authorities to reduce these levels, it is of great importance to fully understand their mechanisms of persistence. Diverse studies have evaluated the biofilm-forming capacity of foodborne pathogens isolated at different steps of food production. Nonetheless, the principal obstacle of these studies is to reproduce the real conditions that microorganisms encounter in the food supply chain. While there are a wide number of Salmonella biofilm studies, information on Campylobacter biofilms is still limited. A comparison between the two microorganisms could help to develop new research in the field of Campylobacter biofilms. Therefore, this review evaluates relevant work in the field of Salmonella and Campylobacter biofilms and the applicability of the data obtained from these studies to real working conditions. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Lamas
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Patricia Regal
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - José M Miranda
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Alberto Cepeda
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Carlos M Franco
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
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18
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Rani A, Babu S. Environmental proteomic studies: closer step to understand bacterial biofilms. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:120. [PMID: 30022302 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Advancement in proteome analytical techniques and the development of protein databases have been helping to understand the physiology and subtle molecular mechanisms behind biofilm formation in bacteria. This review is to highlight how the evolving proteomic approaches have revealed fundamental molecular processes underlying the formation and regulation of bacterial biofilms. Based on the survey of research reports available on differential expression of proteins in biofilms of bacterial from wide range of environments, four important cellular processes viz. metabolism, motility, transport and stress response that contribute to formation of bacterial biofilms are discussed. This review might answer how proteins related to these cellular processes contribute significantly in stabilizing biofilms of different bacteria in diverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Rani
- School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Subramanian Babu
- School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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19
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Vávrová A, Matoulková D, Balážová T, Šedo O. MALDI-TOF MS Analysis of Anaerobic Bacteria Isolated from Biofilm-Covered Surfaces in Brewery Bottling Halls. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-2014-0324-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vávrová
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Tvrdého 14, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Matoulková
- Department of Microbiology, Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, Plc., Lípová 15, 120 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Balážová
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Tvrdého 14, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Research Group Proteomics, CEITEC, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Šedo
- Research Group Proteomics, CEITEC, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
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20
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Silva AF, dos Santos AR, Coelho Trevisan DA, Ribeiro AB, Zanetti Campanerut-Sá PA, Kukolj C, de Souza EM, Cardoso RF, Estivalet Svidzinski TI, de Abreu Filho BA, Junior MM, Graton Mikcha JM. Cinnamaldehyde induces changes in the protein profile of Salmonella Typhimurium biofilm. Res Microbiol 2018; 169:33-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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21
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Jia K, Wang G, Liang L, Wang M, Wang H, Xu X. Preliminary Transcriptome Analysis of Mature Biofilm and Planktonic Cells of Salmonella Enteritidis Exposure to Acid Stress. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1861. [PMID: 29018430 PMCID: PMC5622974 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella has emerged as a well-recognized food-borne pathogen, with many strains able to form biofilms and thus cause cross-contamination in food processing environments where acid-based disinfectants are widely encountered. In the present study, RNA sequencing was employed to establish complete transcriptome profiles of Salmonella Enteritidis in the forms of planktonic and biofilm-associated cells cultured in Tryptic Soytone Broth (TSB) and acidic TSB (aTSB). The gene expression patterns of S. Enteritidis significantly differed between biofilm-associated and planktonic cells cultivated under the same conditions. The assembled transcriptome of S. Enteritidis in this study contained 5,442 assembled transcripts, including 3,877 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in biofilm and planktonic cells. These DEGs were enriched in terms such as regulation of biological process, metabolic process, macromolecular complex, binding and transferase activity, which may play crucial roles in the biofilm formation of S. Enteritidis cultivated in aTSB. Three significant pathways were observed to be enriched under acidic conditions: bacterial chemotaxis, porphyrin-chlorophyll metabolism and sulfur metabolism. In addition, 15 differentially expressed novel non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs) were identified, and only one was found to be up-regulated in mature biofilms. This preliminary study of the S. Enteritidis transcriptome serves as a basis for future investigations examining the complex network systems that regulate Salmonella biofilm in acidic environments, which provide information on biofilm formation and acid stress interaction that may facilitate the development of novel disinfection procedures in the food processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jia
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijiao Liang
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huhu Wang
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinglian Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Sadiq FA, Flint S, Li Y, Ou K, Yuan L, He GQ. Phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity within biofilms with particular emphasis on persistence and antimicrobial tolerance. Future Microbiol 2017; 12:1087-1107. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic changes or phase variation within biofilms is an important feature of bacterial dormant life. Enhanced resistance to antimicrobials is one of the distinct features displayed by a fraction of cells within biofilms. It is believed that persisters are mainly responsible for this phenotypic heterogeneity. However, there is still an unresolved debate on the formation of persisters. In this short review, we highlight all known genomic and proteomic changes encountered by bacterial cells within biofilms. We have also described all phenotypic changes displayed by bacterial cells within biofilms with particular emphasis on enhanced antimicrobial tolerance of biofilms with particular reference to persisters. In addition, all currently known models of persistence have been succinctly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan A Sadiq
- College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Steve Flint
- School of Food & Nutrition, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand
| | - YanJun Li
- Research Institute of Food Science, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co, Ltd, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Kai Ou
- Research Institute of Food Science, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co, Ltd, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guo Qing He
- College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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23
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Pérez-Ibarreche M, Mendoza LM, Vignolo G, Fadda S. Proteomic and genetics insights on the response of the bacteriocinogenic Lactobacillus sakei CRL1862 during biofilm formation on stainless steel surface at 10°C. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 258:18-27. [PMID: 28738195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Some lactic acid bacteria have the ability to form biofilms on food-industry surfaces and this property could be used to control food pathogens colonization. Lactobacillus sakei CR1862 was selected considering its bacteriocinogenic nature and ability to adhere to abiotic surfaces at low temperatures. In this study, the proteome of L. sakei CRL1862 grown either under biofilm on stainless steel surface and planktonic modes of growth at 10°C, was investigated. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, 29 out of 43 statistically significant spots were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Ten proteins resulted up-regulated whereas 16 were down-regulated during biofilm formation. Differentially expressed proteins were found to belong to carbohydrate, nucleotide, aminoacid and lipid metabolisms as well as translation, peptide hydrolysis, cell envelope/cell wall biosynthesis, adaption to atypical conditions and protein secretion. Some proteins related to carbohydrate and nucleotide metabolisms, translation and peptide degradation were overexpressed whereas those associated to stress conditions were synthesized in lower amounts. It seems that conditions for biofilm development would not imply a stressful environment for L. sakei CRL1862 cells, directing its growth strategy towards glycolytic flux regulation and reinforcing protein synthesis. In addition, L. sakei CRL1862 showed to harbor nine out of ten assayed genes involved in biofilm formation and protein anchoring. By applying qRT-PCR analysis, four of these genes showed to be up regulated, srtA2 being the most remarkable. The results of this study contribute to the knowledge of the physiology of L. sakei CRL1862 growing in biofilm on a characteristic food contact surface. The use of this strain as green biocide preventing L. monocytogenes post-processing contamination on industrial surfaces may be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pérez-Ibarreche
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA), CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Lucía M Mendoza
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA), CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Graciela Vignolo
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA), CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Silvina Fadda
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA), CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC Tucumán, Argentina.
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24
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Lang E, Chemlal L, Molin P, Guyot S, Alvarez-Martin P, Perrier-Cornet JM, Dantigny P, Gervais P. Modeling the heat inactivation of foodborne pathogens in milk powder: High relevance of the substrate water activity. Food Res Int 2017; 99:577-585. [PMID: 28784519 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Due to the ability of foodborne pathogens to survive in low moisture foods, the decontamination of these products is an important issue in food hygiene. Up to now, such decontamination has mostly been achieved through empirical methods. The intention of this work is to establish a more rational use of heat treatment cycles. The effects of thermal treatment cycles on the inactivation of dried Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Senftenberg, Cronobacter sakazakii and Escherichia coli were assessed. Bacteria were mixed with whole milk powder and dried down to different water activity levels (0.11, 0.25, 0.44 and 0.58). The rate of inactivated bacteria was determined after thermal treatment at 85°C, 90°C, 95°C and 100°C, from 0s to 180s in closed vessels, in order to maintain aw during treatment. In a first step, logarithmic bacterial inactivation was fitted by means of a classical loglinear model in which temperature and aw have a significant effect (p<0.05). DT,aw values were estimated for each T, aw condition and the results clearly showed that aw is a major parameter in the thermal decontamination of dried foods, a lower aw involving greater thermal resistance. In a second step, Bigelow's law was used to determine zT, a classical parameter relative to temperature, and yaw values, a new parameter relative to aw resistance. The values obtained for zT and yaw showed that the bacterium most resistant to temperature variations is Salmonella Typhimurium, while the one most resistant to aw variations is Escherichia coli. These data will help design decontamination protocols or processes in closed batches for low moisture foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Lang
- UMR PAM A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, 1 esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France; Novolyze, 50 rue de Dijon, 21121 Daix, France
| | - Layla Chemlal
- UMR PAM A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, 1 esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Paul Molin
- UMR PAM A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, 1 esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Guyot
- UMR PAM A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, 1 esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - Jean-Marie Perrier-Cornet
- UMR PAM A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, 1 esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Dantigny
- UMR PAM A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, 1 esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (LUBEM), ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Patrick Gervais
- UMR PAM A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, 1 esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France.
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Yahya MFZR, Alias Z, Karsani SA. Antibiofilm activity and mode of action of DMSO alone and its combination with afatinib against Gram-negative pathogens. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2017; 63:23-30. [PMID: 28540585 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-017-0532-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are complex microbial communities that tend to attach to either biotic or abiotic surface. Enclosed in a self-produced extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, the biofilms often cause persistent infections. The objective of this study was to investigate the antibiofilm activity of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and afatinib against Gram-negative pathogens. Test microorganisms used in this study were Escherichia coli ATCC 1299, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145, and Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028. Biofilms were developed in 96-well microplate at 37°C for 24 h. Following removal of non-adherent cells, analysis of biofilm viability, biofilm biomass, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix were performed using resazurin assay, crystal violet assay, and attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. Bradford protein assay was conducted to determine the total amount of EPS proteins. The results demonstrated that both 32% DMSO alone and its combination with 3.2 μg/mL afatinib were effective in killing biofilm cells and reducing biofilm biomass. IR spectral variations of EPS matrix of biofilms in the range between 1700 and 900 cm-1 were also observed. Reduction in EPS proteins verified the chemical modifications of EPS matrix. In conclusion, 32% DMSO alone and its combination with 3.2 μg/mL afatinib showed remarkable antibiofilm activities against Gram-negative pathogens. It was suggested that the biofilm inhibition was mediated by the chemical modification of EPS matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Fakharul Zaman Raja Yahya
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
| | - Zazali Alias
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Doulgeraki AI, Di Ciccio P, Ianieri A, Nychas GJE. Methicillin-resistant food-related Staphylococcus aureus: a review of current knowledge and biofilm formation for future studies and applications. Res Microbiol 2017; 168:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Gouran H, Gillespie H, Nascimento R, Chakraborty S, Zaini PA, Jacobson A, Phinney BS, Dolan D, Durbin-Johnson BP, Antonova ES, Lindow SE, Mellema MS, Goulart LR, Dandekar AM. The Secreted Protease PrtA Controls Cell Growth, Biofilm Formation and Pathogenicity in Xylella fastidiosa. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31098. [PMID: 27492542 PMCID: PMC4974619 DOI: 10.1038/srep31098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pierce's disease (PD) is a deadly disease of grapevines caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. Though disease symptoms were formerly attributed to bacteria blocking the plant xylem, this hypothesis is at best overly simplistic. Recently, we used a proteomic approach to characterize the secretome of X. fastidiosa, both in vitro and in planta, and identified LesA as one of the pathogenicity factors of X. fastidiosa in grapevines that leads to leaf scorching and chlorosis. Herein, we characterize another such factor encoded by PD0956, designated as an antivirulence secreted protease "PrtA" that displays a central role in controlling in vitro cell proliferation, length, motility, biofilm formation, and in planta virulence. The mutant in X. fastidiosa exhibited reduced cell length, hypermotility (and subsequent lack of biofilm formation) and hypervirulence in grapevines. These findings are supported by transcriptomic and proteomic analyses with corresponding plant infection data. Of particular interest, is the hypervirulent response in grapevines observed when X. fastidiosa is disrupted for production of PrtA, and that PD-model tobacco plants transformed to express PrtA exhibited decreased symptoms after infection by X. fastidiosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Gouran
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hyrum Gillespie
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rafael Nascimento
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo A. Zaini
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Aaron Jacobson
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Brett S. Phinney
- Proteomics Core, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - David Dolan
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Elena S. Antonova
- Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Steven E. Lindow
- Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Matthew S. Mellema
- Surgical and Radiological Sciences, Vet Med, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Luiz R. Goulart
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Establishment of a multi-species biofilm model and metatranscriptomic analysis of biofilm and planktonic cell communities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:7263-79. [PMID: 27102130 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We collected several biofilm samples from Japanese rivers and established a reproducible multi-species biofilm model that can be analyzed in laboratories. Bacterial abundance at the generic level was highly similar between the planktonic and biofilm communities, whereas comparative metatranscriptomic analysis revealed many upregulated and downregulated genes in the biofilm. Many genes involved in iron-sulfur metabolism, stress response, and cell envelope function were upregulated; biofilm formation is mediated by an iron-dependent signaling mechanism and the signal is relayed to stress-responsive and cell envelope function genes. Flagella-related gene expression was regulated depending upon the growth phase, indicating different roles of flagella during the adherence, maturation, and dispersal steps of biofilm formation. Downregulation of DNA repair genes was observed, indicating that spontaneous mutation frequency would be elevated within the biofilm and that the biofilm is a cradle for generating novel genetic traits. Although the significance remains unclear, genes for rRNA methyltransferase, chromosome partitioning, aminoacyl-tRNA synthase, and cysteine, methionine, leucine, thiamine, nucleotide, and fatty acid metabolism were found to be differentially regulated. These results indicate that planktonic and biofilm communities are in different dynamic states. Studies on biofilm and sessile cells, which have received less attention, are important for understanding microbial ecology and for designing tailor-made anti-biofilm drugs.
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29
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Ye Y, Jiao R, Gao J, Li H, Ling N, Wu Q, Zhang J, Xu X. Proteins involved in responses to biofilm and planktonic modes in Cronobacter sakazakii. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Doulgeraki AI, Papaioannou M, Nychas GJE. Targeted gene expression study of Salmonella enterica during biofilm formation on rocket leaves. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Biofilm formation on Conservolea natural black olives during single and combined inoculation with a functional Lactobacillus pentosus starter culture. Food Microbiol 2015; 56:35-44. [PMID: 26919816 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The potential of biofilm formation of multifunctional starters Lactobacillus pentosus B281 and Pichia membranifaciens M3A during inoculated fermentation of Conservolea natural black olives according to Greek-style processing was investigated. Olives were directly brined in 8% (w/v) NaCl following three fermentation procedures namely, i) spontaneous fermentation, ii) inoculated fermentation with L. pentosus B281, and iii) co-inoculated fermentation with L. pentosus B281 and P. membranifaciens M3A. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts were monitored on olives by plate counting for a period of 153 days, whereas the survival of the inoculated strains was confirmed by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Inoculated fermentation with L. pentosus B281 with/without the presence of the yeast resulted in higher acidification of the brine compared to the spontaneous process where no indigenous LAB could be enumerated. The population of LAB on olives ranged between 5.5 and 6.5 log CFU/g and it was maintained at higher levels compared to yeasts (3.5-4.5 log CFU/g) throughout the process. PFGE analysis revealed that L. pentosus B281 could successfully colonize the surface of black olives presenting high recovery rate (100%) at the end of fermentation in contrast to P. membranifaciens M3A that was successfully recovered (42%) only after 72 days of the process. The obtained results provide interesting perspectives for the production of natural black olives with functional properties.
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32
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Wang H, Zhang X, Dong Y, Xu X, Zhou G. Insights into the transcriptome profile of mature biofilm of Salmonella Typhimurium on stainless steels surface. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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33
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Gardiner M, Fernandes ND, Nowakowski D, Raftery M, Kjelleberg S, Zhong L, Thomas T, Egan S. VarR controls colonization and virulence in the marine macroalgal pathogen Nautella italica R11. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1130. [PMID: 26528274 PMCID: PMC4602140 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence to suggest that macroalgae (seaweeds) are susceptible to infectious disease. However, to date, little is known about the mechanisms that facilitate the colonization and virulence of microbial seaweed pathogens. One well-described example of a seaweed disease is the bleaching of the red alga Delisea pulchra, which can be caused by the bacterium Nautella italica R11, a member of the Roseobacter clade. This pathogen contains a unique luxR-type gene, varR, which we hypothesize controls its colonization and virulence. We show here that a varR knock-out strain is deficient in its ability to cause disease in D. pulchra and is defective in biofilm formation and attachment to a common algal polysaccharide. Moreover complementation of the varR gene in trans can restore these functions to the wild type levels. Proteomic analysis of bacterial cells in planktonic and biofilm growth highlight the potential importance of nitrogen scavenging, mobilization of energy reserves, and stress resistance in the biofilm lifestyle of N. italica R11. Moreover, we show that VarR regulates the expression of a specific subset of biofilm-associated proteins. Taken together these data suggest that VarR controls colonization and persistence of N. italica R11 on the surface of a macroalgal host and that it is an important regulator of virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Gardiner
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Neil D Fernandes
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dennis Nowakowski
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Raftery
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Staffan Kjelleberg
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Singapore
| | - Ling Zhong
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Suhelen Egan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Wang M, Qi L, Xiao Y, Wang M, Qin C, Zhang H, Sheng Y, Du H. SufC may promote the survival of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in macrophages. Microb Pathog 2015; 85:40-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Chaudhari AA, Jasper SL, Dosunmu E, Miller ME, Arnold RD, Singh SR, Pillai S. Novel pegylated silver coated carbon nanotubes kill Salmonella but they are non-toxic to eukaryotic cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:23. [PMID: 25888864 PMCID: PMC4377206 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance of food borne pathogens such as Salmonella to existing antibiotics is of grave concern. Silver coated single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs-Ag) have broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and may be a good treatment alternative. However, toxicity to human cells due to their physico-chemical properties is a serious public health concern. Although pegylation is commonly used to reduce metal nanoparticle toxicity, SWCNTs-Ag have not been pegylated as yet, and the effect of pegylation of SWCNTs-Ag on their anti-bacterial activity and cell cytotoxicity remains to be studied. Further, there are no molecular studies on the anti-bacterial mechanism of SWCNTs-Ag or their functionalized nanocomposites. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study we created novel pegylated SWCNTS-Ag (pSWCNTs-Ag), and employed 3 eukaryotic cell lines to evaluate their cytotoxicity as compared to plain SWCNTS-Ag. Simultaneously, we evaluated their antibacterial activity on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella Typhimurium) by the MIC and growth curve assays. In order to understand the possible mechanisms of action of both SWCNTs-Ag and pSWCNTs-Ag, we used electron microscopy (EM) and molecular studies (qRT-PCR). RESULTS pSWCNTs-Ag inhibited Salmonella Typhimurium at 62.5 μg/mL, while remaining non-toxic to human cells. By comparison, plain SWCNTs-Ag were toxic to human cells at 62.5 μg/mL. EM analysis revealed that bacteria internalized either of these nanocomposites after the outer cell membranes were damaged, resulting in cell lysis or expulsion of cytoplasmic contents, leaving empty ghosts. The expression of genes regulating the membrane associated metabolic transporter system (artP, dppA, and livJ), amino acid biosynthesis (trp and argC) and outer membrane integrity (ompF) protiens, was significantly down regulated in Salmonella treated with both pSWCNTs-Ag and SWCNTs-Ag. Although EM analysis of bacteria treated with either SWCNTs-Ag or pSWCNTs-Ag revealed relatively similar morphological changes, the expression of genes regulating the normal physiological processes of bacteria (ybeF), quorum sensing (sdiA), outer membrane structure (safC), invasion (ychP) and virulence (safC, ychP, sseA and sseG) were exclusively down regulated several fold in pSWCNTs-Ag treated bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, the present data shows that our novel pSWCNTs-Ag are non-toxic to human cells at their bactericidal concentration, as compared to plain SWCNTS-Ag. Therefore, pSWCNTs-Ag may be safe alternative antimicrobials to treat foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul A Chaudhari
- Center for Nanobiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA.
| | - Shanese L Jasper
- Center for Nanobiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA.
| | - Ejovwoke Dosunmu
- Center for Nanobiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA.
| | - Michael E Miller
- Research Instrumentation Facility, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
| | - Shree R Singh
- Center for Nanobiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA.
| | - Shreekumar Pillai
- Center for Nanobiotechnology Research, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA.
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Jiao L, Ran J, Xu X, Wang J. Heat, acid and cold stresses enhance the expression of DnaK gene in Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Maeda K, Nagata H, Ojima M, Amano A. Proteomic and Transcriptional Analysis of Interaction between Oral Microbiota Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus oralis. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:82-94. [DOI: 10.1021/pr500848e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department
of Preventive
Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideki Nagata
- Department
of Preventive
Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Miki Ojima
- Department
of Preventive
Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsuo Amano
- Department
of Preventive
Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Syed AK, Boles BR. Fold modulating function: bacterial toxins to functional amyloids. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:401. [PMID: 25136340 PMCID: PMC4118032 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many bacteria produce cytolytic toxins that target host cells or other competing microbes. It is well known that environmental factors control toxin expression, however, recent work suggests that some bacteria manipulate the fold of these protein toxins to control their function. The β-sheet rich amyloid fold is a highly stable ordered aggregate that many toxins form in response to specific environmental conditions. When in the amyloid state, toxins become inert, losing the cytolytic activity they display in the soluble form. Emerging evidence suggest that some amyloids function as toxin storage systems until they are again needed, while other bacteria utilize amyloids as a structural matrix component of biofilms. This amyloid matrix component facilitates resistance to biofilm disruptive challenges. The bacterial amyloids discussed in this review reveal an elegant system where changes in protein fold and solubility dictate the function of proteins in response to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan K Syed
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Blaise R Boles
- Department of Microbiology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Iowa City, IA, USA
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Abdallah M, Benoliel C, Drider D, Dhulster P, Chihib NE. Biofilm formation and persistence on abiotic surfaces in the context of food and medical environments. Arch Microbiol 2014; 196:453-72. [PMID: 24744186 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-014-0983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces in food and medical sectors constitutes a great public health concerns. In fact, biofilms present a persistent source for pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, which lead to severe infections such as foodborne and nosocomial infections. Such biofilms are also a source of material deterioration and failure. The environmental conditions, commonly met in food and medical area, seem also to enhance the biofilm formation and their resistance to disinfectant agents. In this regard, this review highlights the effect of environmental conditions on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces in the context of food and medical environment. It also describes the current and emergent strategies used to study the biofilm formation and its eradication. The mechanisms of biofilm resistance to commercialized disinfectants are also discussed, since this phenomenon remains unclear to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Abdallah
- Laboratoire de Procédés Biologiques, Génie Enzymatique et Microbien (ProBioGEM), IUT A/Polytech'Lille, Université de Lille1-Science et Technologies, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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40
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Di Pasqua R, Mauriello G, Mamone G, Ercolini D. Expression of DnaK, HtpG, GroEL and Tf chaperones and the corresponding encoding genes during growth of Salmonella Thompson in presence of thymol alone or in combination with salt and cold stress. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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