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Bessa LADM, Nazário MLF, Izumi CMS, Constantino VRL, Lourenço V, Lopes EA, Mizubuti ESG, Tronto J. Enhanced white rot control in garlic bulbil using organic-inorganic hybrid materials as coating membranes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7880-7889. [PMID: 38634831 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00301b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid materials have a range of applications due to their unique properties. Their application in agriculture brings alternatives for the controlled release of nutrients in the soil, the seed coating, the transport of herbicides, and the treatment of plant diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the use of fungicides incorporated into hybrid membranes formed by synthetic hectorite (LAPONITE®) and polymers in the pre-treatment of garlic bulbils exposed to the pathogen Stromatinia cepivora, which causes white rot. The coatings were selected by a germination test, based on the bulbil sprouting index, and by a mycelial growth inhibition test, based on the percentage of mycelial growth inhibition. The chosen membranes were used to coat the bulbils for bioassays conducted in a biochemical oxygen demand incubator at 17 °C. The coated bulbils were planted in soil samples containing three different densities of Stromatinia cepivora: 0.1 g, 1.0 g, and 10 g of sclerotium per L of soil. Membranes containing 2% carboxymethyl cellulose and 2% LAPONITE® incorporated with (i) the fungicide tebuconazole (36 mg L-1) and (ii) the combination of the actives tebuconazole (36 mg L-1) and triadimenol (62 mg L-1) showed the total rate of sprouting and null indices of incidence of symptoms and mortality in its repetitions. The hybrid membranes were characterized employing several techniques, including X-ray diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry coupled to mass spectrometry, and optical microscopy. Characterization data confirmed the presence of fungicides incorporated into the membranes. Some concentrations of fungicides were low enough not to be detected in all analyses performed, although they guaranteed a protective character to the bulbils about the fungus S. cepivora present in the soil, with a possibility of antifungal pre-treatment with a potential reduction in the concentration used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Alves de Melo Bessa
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Rio Paranaíba, CEP 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Mariane Luísa Ferreira Nazário
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Rio Paranaíba, CEP 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Celly Mieko Shinohara Izumi
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Univeritário, CEP 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Vera Regina Leopoldo Constantino
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Valdir Lourenço
- Embrapa Hortaliças, CEP 70.351-970, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Everaldo Antônio Lopes
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Rio Paranaíba, CEP 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Jairo Tronto
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Rio Paranaíba, CEP 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, MG, Brazil.
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Corallo AB, del Palacio A, Oliver M, Tiscornia S, Simoens M, Cea J, de Aurrecoechea I, Martínez I, Sanchez A, Stewart S, Pan D. Fusarium Species and Mycotoxins Associated with Sorghum Grains in Uruguay. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:484. [PMID: 37624241 PMCID: PMC10467058 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15080484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Grain mold and stalk rot are among the fungal diseases that cause significant losses in sorghum worldwide and are caused by different Fusarium spp. The presence of Fusarium species in sorghum grains causes yield losses and mycotoxin contamination, which represents a risk to consumers. In this study, Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) had a high incidence, followed by Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) and F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex. Within FFSC, F. proliferatum, F. andiyazi, F. fujikuroi, F. thapsinum, F. verticillioides and F. subglutinans were identified, and this was the first report of F. fujikuroi in sorghum. The most frequent toxins found in sorghum samples were deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN). The presence of fumonisins and nivalenol (NIV) was detected at low levels. This study adds new knowledge about the occurrence of Fusarium species and mycotoxins in sorghum grains. Furthermore, this is the first report in Uruguay on fungicide sensitivity for Fusarium isolates from sorghum, which constitutes an important starting point for defining management practices to minimize fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Corallo
- Sección Micología, Facultad de CienciasFacultad de Ingeniería, UdelaR, Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay; (A.B.C.); (A.d.P.); (M.O.); (S.T.)
| | - Agustina del Palacio
- Sección Micología, Facultad de CienciasFacultad de Ingeniería, UdelaR, Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay; (A.B.C.); (A.d.P.); (M.O.); (S.T.)
| | - María Oliver
- Sección Micología, Facultad de CienciasFacultad de Ingeniería, UdelaR, Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay; (A.B.C.); (A.d.P.); (M.O.); (S.T.)
| | - Susana Tiscornia
- Sección Micología, Facultad de CienciasFacultad de Ingeniería, UdelaR, Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay; (A.B.C.); (A.d.P.); (M.O.); (S.T.)
| | - Macarena Simoens
- Laboratorio Tecnológico del Uruguay, Departamento de Análisis de Productos Agropecuarios, Avenida Italia 6201, Montevideo 11500, Uruguay; (M.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Jaqueline Cea
- Laboratorio Tecnológico del Uruguay, Departamento de Análisis de Productos Agropecuarios, Avenida Italia 6201, Montevideo 11500, Uruguay; (M.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Inés de Aurrecoechea
- Departamento de Granos, Dirección General de Servicios Agrícolas, Ministerio de Ganadería Agricultura y Pesca, Avenida Millán 4703, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay;
| | - Inés Martínez
- Latitud, Fundación del Laboratorio Tecnológico del Uruguay, Avenida Italia 6201, Montevideo 11500, Uruguay; (I.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Latitud, Fundación del Laboratorio Tecnológico del Uruguay, Avenida Italia 6201, Montevideo 11500, Uruguay; (I.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Silvina Stewart
- Programa Cultivos de Secano, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Ruta 50, Km 11, Colonia 70000, Uruguay;
| | - Dinorah Pan
- Sección Micología, Facultad de CienciasFacultad de Ingeniería, UdelaR, Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay; (A.B.C.); (A.d.P.); (M.O.); (S.T.)
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Buttar HS, Singh A, Sirari A, Anupam, Kaur K, Kumar A, Lal MK, Tiwari RK, Kumar R. Investigating the impact of fungicides and mungbean genotypes on the management of pod rot disease caused by Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium chlamydosporum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1164245. [PMID: 37235015 PMCID: PMC10206329 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1164245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mungbean is a vital pulse crop in India that can thrive in dry-land conditions and is grown in three seasons, with the added benefit of being used as green manure due to its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Recently, pod rot disease has emerged as a serious threat to mungbean cultivation in India. METHODS In this study, morpho-molecular identification of associated pathogens and the bio-efficacy of systemic and non-systemic fungicides as well as genotype screening was performed during the years 2019 and 2020. The pathogens associated with this disease were confirmed on the basis of morphological and molecular characterization. For the molecular characterization, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef-1) gene sequences were amplified by using primers (EF1 and EF2). RESULTS Under in vitro conditions, trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole 75% WG was found to be the most effective against Fusarium equiseti (ED50 2.39 μg ml-1) and Fusarium chlamydosporum (ED50 4.23 μg ml-1) causal agents of pod rot of mungbean. Under field conditions, three applications of trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole 75% WG at 0.07% as a foliar application at fortnightly intervals starting from the last week of July proved to be the most effective against pod rot disease on mungbean cultivars, i.e., ML 2056 and SML 668. To identify the potential resistance sources, 75 interspecific derivative and mutant lines of mungbean were screened for disease reaction to pod rot under natural epiphytotic conditions for the years 2019 and 2020. Genotypic differences were observed for resistance to pod rot disease. The study revealed that among the tested genotypes, ML 2524 exhibited resistance to pod rot disease, with a disease incidence of 15.62% and disease severity of 7.69%. In addition, 41 other genotypes were found to be moderately resistant (MR) to the disease. CONCLUSION Altogether, the identified management options will offer an immediate solution to manage this disease under recent outbreak conditions and pave a path for futuristic disease management using identified resistant sources in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amarjit Singh
- Department of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Asmita Sirari
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Anupam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Komalpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- Department of Plant Protection; Department of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry & Postharvest Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Plant Protection; Department of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry & Postharvest Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Plant Protection; Department of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry & Postharvest Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Xie L, Yang Q, Wu Y, Xiao J, Qu H, Jiang Y, Li T. Fumonisin B1 Biosynthesis Is Associated with Oxidative Stress and Plays an Important Role in Fusarium proliferatum Infection on Banana Fruit. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5372-5381. [PMID: 36947157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fungal response to oxidative stress during infection on postharvest fruit is largely unknown. Here, we found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment inhibited the growth of Fusarium proliferatum causing crown rot of banana fruit, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. H2O2 exposure increased endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) production in F. proliferatum, possibly by modulating FUM or ROS-related gene expression. Importantly, H2O2 treatment inhibited F. proliferatum growth in vivo but induced FB1 accumulation in banana peel. Finally, we constructed the FpFUM21 deletion mutant (ΔFpfum21) of F. proliferatum that was attenuated in FB1 biosynthesis and less tolerant to oxidative stress. Moreover, the ΔFpfum21 strain was less virulent compared to the wild type (WT) due to the inability to induce FB1 production in the banana host. These results suggested that FB1 biosynthesis is associated with oxidative stress in F. proliferatum and contributes to fungal infection on banana fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Qiuxiao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yanfei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense 32004, Spain
| | - Hongxia Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Taotao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Li C, Fan S, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Luo J, Liu C. Toxicity, bioactivity of triazole fungicide metconazole and its effect on mycotoxin production by Fusarium verticillioides: New perspective from an enantiomeric level. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154432. [PMID: 35278556 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The chiral triazole fungicide metconazole has four stereoisomers, is a broad-spectrum fungicide and is widely used for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium species. In this study, systemic assessments of metconazole stereoisomers were performed, including stereoselective toxicity toward the aquatic organism Daphnia magna, fungicidal activity and effects on fumonisin production by the pathogen Fusarium verticillioides (F. verticillioides) in relation to different conditions. The toxicity of metconazole was enantioselective, and there was a 2.1-2.9-fold difference. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased and decreased, respectively, after treatment with metconazole stereoisomers, and the differences were observed among the stereoisomers. Among the four stereoisomers, (1S,5R)-metconazole showed the highest fungicidal activity under all assayed conditions, and the differences ranged from 4.4 to 45.2 times. Moreover, metconazole stereoisomers can stereoselectively affect on fumonisin B1 production by F. verticillioides and abiotic factors, such as water activity and temperature, play an important role. Our study provides new insight into metconazole at the stereoisomeric level, including its toxicity, bioactivity, and effect on Fusarium species producing mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianjun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Chenglan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Yang J, Xia X, Guo M, Zhong L, Zhang X, Duan X, Liu J, Huang R. 2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone regulated molecular alternation of Fusarium proliferatum revealed by high-dimensional biological data. RSC Adv 2022; 12:15133-15144. [PMID: 35702436 PMCID: PMC9112881 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02425j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi Fusarium proliferatum and the toxins it produces are hazardous to agricultural plants, animals, and human health. However, there is a lack of more effective and environment-friendly natural anti-F. proliferatum agents. In the search for natural anti-fungal agents, we found that naturally originated 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) with a minimal inhibitory dose of 8.0 mg L-1 possessed a potential inhibitory effect on F. proliferatum. The results of transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic reveal a total of 1314 differential expression genes (DEGs, 873 up-regulated and 441 down-regulated), 259 differential expression proteins (DEPs, 104 up-regulated and 155 down-regulated), and 86 differential accumulation metabolites (DAMs, 49 up-regulated and 37 down-regulated) in MNQ-induced F. proliferatum. Further, the correlation analysis of transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic indicated that these DEGs, DEPs, and DAMs were co-mapped in the pathways of glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism that linked to the TCA cycle. Furthermore, the key DEGs of the significantly co-mapped pathways were verified with qPCR analysis, which was related to the permeability of the cell membrane of F. proliferatum. Thus, these findings will provide fundamental scientific data on the molecular shifts of MNQ-induced F. proliferatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Xuewei Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Meixia Guo
- Guangzhou Inspection Testing and Certification Group Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 511447 China
| | - Li Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- South China Botanical Garden Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Jun Liu
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang 524023 China
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China
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Mondéjar-López M, Rubio-Moraga A, López-Jimenez AJ, García Martínez JC, Ahrazem O, Gómez-Gómez L, Niza E. Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with garlic essential oil: A new alternative to tebuconazole as seed dressing agent. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118815. [PMID: 34893232 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, garlic essential oil (GEO) has been encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (NPCH) with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, UV-vis spectrophotometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were applied to characterize GEO-NPCH. The obtained nanoparticles exhibited a regular distribution and spherical shape with size range of 200-400 nm as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The maximum encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of GEO-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were about 32.8% and 19.8% respectively. Nanoparticle formulations of GEO were found to have antifungal activity against Aspergillus versicolor, A. niger and Fusarium oxysporum. In addition, they showed growth promoting effects by increasing emergence, shoot and root fresh weight on wheat, oat and barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mondéjar-López
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Angela Rubio-Moraga
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior deIngenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Alberto José López-Jimenez
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior deIngenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Joaquin C García Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Oussama Ahrazem
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain; Escuela Técnica Superior deIngenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Lourdes Gómez-Gómez
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Enrique Niza
- Instituto Botánico, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
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Antifungal Peptides and Proteins to Control Toxigenic Fungi and Mycotoxin Biosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413261. [PMID: 34948059 PMCID: PMC8703302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The global challenge to prevent fungal spoilage and mycotoxin contamination on food and feed requires the development of new antifungal strategies. Antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs) with antifungal activity are gaining much interest as natural antifungal compounds due to their properties such as structure diversity and function, antifungal spectrum, mechanism of action, high stability and the availability of biotechnological production methods. Given their multistep mode of action, the development of fungal resistance to AMPs is presumed to be slow or delayed compared to conventional fungicides. Interestingly, AMPs also accomplish important biological functions other than antifungal activity, including anti-mycotoxin biosynthesis activity, which opens novel aspects for their future use in agriculture and food industry to fight mycotoxin contamination. AMPs can reach intracellular targets and exert their activity by mechanisms other than membrane permeabilization. The mechanisms through which AMPs affect mycotoxin production are varied and complex, ranging from oxidative stress to specific inhibition of enzymatic components of mycotoxin biosynthetic pathways. This review presents natural and synthetic antifungal AMPs from different origins which are effective against mycotoxin-producing fungi, and aims at summarizing current knowledge concerning their additional effects on mycotoxin biosynthesis. Antifungal AMPs properties and mechanisms of action are also discussed.
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A review of mycotoxin biosynthetic pathways: associated genes and their expressions under the influence of climatic factors. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Ezrari S, Radouane N, Tahiri A, Amiri S, Lazraq A, Lahlali R. Environmental Effects of Temperature and Water Potential on Mycelial Growth of Neocosmospora solani and Fusarium spp. Causing Dry Root Rot of Citrus. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:3092-3103. [PMID: 34170379 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the effect of environmental factors temperature and water potential (Ψw) on the growth of Neocosmospora (Fusarium) solani and three Fusarium species (F. oxysporum, F. equiseti and F. brachygibbosum) associated with citrus dry root rot and to determine the optimum and marginal rate for their growth. The effects of incubation temperature (5-40 °C), water potentials (Ψw) (- 15.54; - 0.67 MPa) (0.89-0.995 aw) and their interaction (5-30 °C) was evaluated on the in vitro radial growth rates of Fusarium spp. and on their lag phase. Secondary models were used to model the combined effect of these factors on radial growth rate. The results underlined a highly significant effects (P < 0.001) of Ψw and temperature and their interactions on radial growth rates and lag phases (λ). The Four studied species were shown tolerant to a temperature of 35 °C with an optimum mycelial growth at 30 for N. solani and F. oxysporum and at 25 °C for F. equiseti and F. brachygibbosum. However, no growth was observed at both temperatures 5 and 40 °C and at Ψw of - 9.68 MPa (0.93 aw). The optimum water potential for growth was ≥- 2.69 MPA (>0.98 aw). The results from the polynomial model and response surface showing good agreement between observed and predicted values. The external validation on citrus fruit indicated slight differences between predicted and observed values of radial growth. The results of this study will be beneficial for understanding the ecological knowledge of these species and thereby limited preventively their occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ezrari
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, BPS 40, Meknès, Morocco.,Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Department of Biology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d'Imouzzer, PoBox 2202, Fez, Morocco
| | - N Radouane
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, BPS 40, Meknès, Morocco.,Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Department of Biology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d'Imouzzer, PoBox 2202, Fez, Morocco
| | - A Tahiri
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, BPS 40, Meknès, Morocco
| | - S Amiri
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, BPS 40, Meknès, Morocco
| | - A Lazraq
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Department of Biology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d'Imouzzer, PoBox 2202, Fez, Morocco
| | - R Lahlali
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, BPS 40, Meknès, Morocco.
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Machine learning approach for predicting Fusarium culmorum and F. proliferatum growth and mycotoxin production in treatments with ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer films containing pure components of essential oils. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 338:109012. [PMID: 33321397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.109012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium culmorum and F. proliferatum can grow and produce, respectively, zearalenone (ZEA) and fumonisins (FUM) in different points of the food chain. Application of antifungal chemicals to control these fungi and mycotoxins increases the risk of toxic residues in foods and feeds, and induces fungal resistances. In this study, a new and multidisciplinary approach based on the use of bioactive ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) films containing pure components of essential oils (EOCs) and machine learning (ML) methods is evaluated. Bioactive EVOH-EOC films were made incorporating cinnamaldehyde (CINHO), citral (CIT), isoeugenol (IEG) or linalool (LIN). Several ML methods (neural networks, random forests and extreme gradient boosted trees) and multiple linear regression (MLR) were applied and compared for modeling fungal growth and toxin production under different water activity (aw) (0.96 and 0.99) and temperature (20 and 28 °C) regimes. The effective doses to reduce fungal growth rate (GR) by 50, 90 and 100% (ED50, ED90, and ED100) of EOCs in EVOH films were in the ranges 200 to >3330, 450 to >3330, and 660 to >3330 μg/fungal culture (25 g of partly milled maize kernels in Petri dish), respectively, depending on the EOC, aw and temperature. The type of EVOH-EOC film and EOC doses significantly affected GR in both species and ZEA and FUM production. Temperature also affected GR and aw only affected GR and FUM production of F. proliferatum. EVOH-CIT was the most effective film against both species and ZEA and FUM production. Usually, when the EOC levels increased, GR and mycotoxin levels in the medium decreased although some treatments in combination with certain aw and temperature values induced ZEA production. Random forest models predicted the GR of F. culmorum and F. proliferatum and ZEA and FUM production better than neural networks or extreme gradient boosted trees. The MLR mode provided the worst performance. This is the first approach on the ML potential in the study of the impact that bioactive EVOH films containing EOCs and environmental conditions have on F. culmorum and F. proliferatum growth and on ZEA and FUM production. The results suggest that these innovative packaging systems in combination with ML methods can be promising tools in the prediction and control of the risks associated with these toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in food.
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Cendoya E, Nichea MJ, Monge MDP, Zachetti VGL, Chiacchiera SM, Ramirez ML. Effect of fungicides commonly used for Fusarium head blight management on growth and fumonisin production by Fusarium proliferatum. Rev Argent Microbiol 2020; 53:64-74. [PMID: 32593584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fumonisin occurrence was reported in wheat grains and F. proliferatum has been suggested to be the main contributor to its presence in wheat. Thus, a survey was performed in order to study the impact of four commercial fungicides used in Argentina for controlling Fusarium head blight disease (epoxiconazole+metconazole, tebuconazole, pyraclostrobin+epoxiconazole, and prothioconazole) on growth and fumonisin production of two F. proliferatum strains in relation to water activity (aW; 0.99, 0.97, 0.95) and temperature (15°C and 25°C). Most fungicides reduced growth rates when compared to the control (reduction increased as fungicide concentration increased), and reduced fumonisin production when they were used at high doses; however, most fungicides enhanced fumonisin production at sublethal doses, with the exception of prothioconazole. Thus, fungicides used for FHB management could enhance fumonisin production by F. proliferatum strains present in wheat grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Cendoya
- Instituto de investigación en micología y micotoxicología (IMICO, CONICET-UNRC). Rio Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - María Julia Nichea
- Instituto de investigación en micología y micotoxicología (IMICO, CONICET-UNRC). Rio Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Del Pilar Monge
- Instituto de investigación en micología y micotoxicología (IMICO, CONICET-UNRC). Rio Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Vanessa G L Zachetti
- Instituto de investigación en micología y micotoxicología (IMICO, CONICET-UNRC). Rio Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Stella Maris Chiacchiera
- Instituto de investigación en micología y micotoxicología (IMICO, CONICET-UNRC). Rio Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Laura Ramirez
- Instituto de investigación en micología y micotoxicología (IMICO, CONICET-UNRC). Rio Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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13
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Tarazona A, Mateo EM, Gómez JV, Romera D, Mateo F. Potential use of machine learning methods in assessment of Fusarium culmorum and Fusariumproliferatum growth and mycotoxin production in treatments with antifungal agents. Fungal Biol 2019; 125:123-133. [PMID: 33518202 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium-controlling fungicides are necessary to limit crop loss. Little is known about the effect of antifungal formulations at sub-lethal doses, and their interaction with abiotic factors, on Fusarium culmorum and F. proliferatum development and on zearalenone and fumonisin biosynthesis, respectively. In the present study different treatments based on sulfur, trifloxystrobin and demethylation inhibitor fungicides (cyproconazole, tebuconazole and prothioconazole) under different environmental conditions, in Maize Extract Medium, are assayed in vitro. Several machine learning methods (neural networks, random forest and extreme gradient boosted trees) have been applied for the first time for modeling growth of F. culmorum and F. proliferatum and zearalenone and fumonisin production, respectively. The most effective treatment was prothioconazole, 250 g/L + tebuconazole, 150 g/L. Effective doses of this formulation for reduction or total growth inhibition ranged as follows ED50 0.49-1.70, ED90 2.57-6.02 and ED100 4.0-8.0 µg/mL, depending on the species, water activity and temperature. Overall, the growth rate and mycotoxin levels in cultures decreased when doses increased. Some treatments in combination with certain aw and temperature values significantly induced toxin production. The extreme gradient boosted tree was the model able to predict growth rate and mycotoxin production with minimum error and maximum R2 value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tarazona
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva M Mateo
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José V Gómez
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Romera
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Mateo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, ETSE, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Scaglioni PT, de Oliveira Garcia S, Badiale-Furlong E. Inhibition of in vitro trichothecenes production by microalgae phenolic extracts. Food Res Int 2019; 124:175-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Chen X, Li Z, Sun F, Cao X, Wang Y, Cao L, Gao H, Gao D, Wang Y. An innovative hapten and monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for determining tebuconazole residues in aqueous samples. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1618793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiujin Chen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Engineering Center of Food Material, Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Materials, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhou Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Engineering Center of Food Material, Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Materials, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Sun
- Food College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Cao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Engineering Center of Food Material, Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Materials, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Engineering Center of Food Material, Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Materials, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Cao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Engineering Center of Food Material, Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Materials, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongli Gao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Engineering Center of Food Material, Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Materials, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Gao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Engineering Center of Food Material, Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Materials, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yawen Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Engineering Center of Food Material, Henan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Materials, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
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Bryła M, Ksieniewicz-Woźniak E, Yoshinari T, Waśkiewicz A, Szymczyk K. Contamination of Wheat Cultivated in Various Regions of Poland during 2017 and 2018 Agricultural Seasons with Selected Trichothecenes and Their Modified Forms. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E88. [PMID: 30717289 PMCID: PMC6409988 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cross-interaction of antibodies within the immunoaffinity columns used in this study facilitated the simultaneous determination of nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON), their glucoside derivatives (NIV-3G, DON-3G), and 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-AcDON) in wheat grain harvested in various regions of Poland. In Poland, 2018 was a warm, dry agricultural season, and hence, was relatively less favourable for cereal cultivation than 2017. Data on the natural occurrence of NIV-3G in wheat grain are among the first published in the literature. DON was the most frequently found mycotoxin in the tested samples; the percentage occurrence of DON-positive samples was 92% in 2017 and 61% in 2018. Moreover, DON concentrations were generally higher in 2017 samples (5.2⁻1670.7 µg/kg) than those in 2018 samples (range 5.0⁻461.7 µg/kg). A similar pattern was found for DON-3G. However, no statistically significant differences between the samples from the two agricultural seasons were observed for the other three mycotoxins that were analysed, and their concentrations were generally considerably lower. DON was strongly correlated with DON-3G (correlation coefficient r = 0.9558), while NIV was strongly correlated with NIV-3G (r = 0.9442). The percentage occurrence of NIV-3G- and DON-3G-positive samples was 14% in 2017 and 49% in 2018. The NIV-3G/NIV ratio was 5.9⁻35.7%, while the DON-3G/DON ratio range was 3.2⁻53.6%. In 2018, wheat samples from Southern Poland exhibited statistically significantly higher levels of DON than those from Northern Poland. The dry and hot summer of 2018 not only reduced wheat yields, but also limited development of Fusarium spp. Therefore, grain harvested that year was generally contaminated with relatively low levels of mycotoxins. Lower levels of DON were also accompanied by lesser amounts of DON-derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Bryła
- Department of Food Analysis, Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Edyta Ksieniewicz-Woźniak
- Department of Food Analysis, Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomoya Yoshinari
- Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Krystyna Szymczyk
- Department of Food Analysis, Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland.
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Li N, Zhao J, Zhang R, Deng L, Li J, Gao Y, Liu C. Effect of Tebuconazole Enantiomers and Environmental Factors on Fumonisin Accumulation and FUM Gene Expression in Fusarium verticillioides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:13107-13115. [PMID: 30458614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is an important corn pathogen that can produce fumonisins (FBs) under certain environmental conditions. In this study, we evaluated the enantioselective impact of tebuconazole enantiomers on the growth and FB production of F. verticillioides on maize-based media at different abiotic factors. The expression of FB biosynthetic genes ( FUM1 and FUM6) was quantified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that water activity ( aw), temperature, and types of tebuconazole significantly affected the growth of F. verticillioides. The order of fungicidal activity was (-)-tebuconazole > rac-tebuconazole > (+)-tebuconazole. (-)-tebuconazole exhibited the maximal selective fungicidal activity (242-fold) against F. verticillioides at 0.95 aw and 35 °C. Production of fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2) by F. verticillioides was influenced by aw, temperature, types of tebuconazole, and dose. Under most conditions, (-)-tebuconazole showed stronger inhibition for FB1 and FB2 production than (+)-tebuconazole (1.87-2.85-fold reduction in FBs) and rac-tebuconazole. The optimal environmental condition for FB production was at 0.99 aw and 25 °C. Tebuconazole enantiomers differently affected FB biosynthetic gene ( FUM1 and FUM6) expression, but the effects on FB production and gene expression showed no positive correlation. The present study provides a better understanding on ways to minimize FB production in corn treated with fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province , South China Agricultural University , Wushan Road 483 , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , People's Republic of China
| | - Junlong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province , South China Agricultural University , Wushan Road 483 , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province , South China Agricultural University , Wushan Road 483 , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , People's Republic of China
| | - Luqing Deng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province , South China Agricultural University , Wushan Road 483 , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province , South China Agricultural University , Wushan Road 483 , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute , Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510640 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province , South China Agricultural University , Wushan Road 483 , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510642 , People's Republic of China
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Characterization of a novel cysteine-rich antifungal protein from Fusarium graminearum with activity against maize fungal pathogens. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 283:45-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Li N, Deng L, Li J, Wang Z, Han Y, Liu C. Selective effect of myclobutanil enantiomers on fungicidal activity and fumonisin production by Fusarium verticillioides under different environmental conditions. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 147:102-109. [PMID: 29933978 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Myclobutanil is a widely used triazole fungicide, comprising two enantiomers with different fungicidal activities, non-target toxicities, and environmental fates. The enantioselective effects of myclobutanil on fumonisin B (FB) production by Fusarium verticillioides, an important pathogen, have not yet been investigated. In the present study, the fungicidal activities of rac-myclobutanil and its enantiomers on F. verticillioides cultured on maize-based media were studied under different water activity and temperature conditions. The FB levels were measured to assess the enantioselective effects on FB production when F. verticillioides were cultured treated with EC50 and EC90 concentrations (concentrations inhibiting mycelial growth by 50.0% and 90.0%, respectively) of myclobutanil and enantiomers under different conditions. The fungicidal activities of rac-myclobutanil and its enantiomers decreased with increasing temperature and decreasing water activity. Little difference in fungicidal activity was observed between the enantiomers. FB production was significantly influenced by temperature, aw, and fungicides dose. At EC50 concentrations, rac-myclobutantil and its enantiomers were shown to enhance mycotoxin production and enantioselective effects of enantiomers on FB production were observed under certain conditions. This is the first report on the differential effects of myclobutanil enantiomers on the control of F. verticillioides growth and FB production in maize-based media under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture& Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Luqing Deng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture& Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture& Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhengbing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture& Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yiye Han
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture& Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chenglan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture& Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Selection of reference genes to quantify relative expression of ochratoxin A-related genes by Penicillium nordicum in dry-cured ham. Food Microbiol 2017; 68:104-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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21
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Mateo EM, Gómez JV, Gimeno-Adelantado JV, Romera D, Mateo-Castro R, Jiménez M. Assessment of azole fungicides as a tool to control growth of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin B 1 and B 2 production in maize. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2017; 34:1039-1051. [PMID: 28349747 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1310400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus is a highly aflatoxin (AF)-producing species infecting maize and other crops. It is dominant in tropical regions, but it is also considered an emerging problem associated with climate change in Europe. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of azole fungicides (prochloraz, tebuconazole and a 2:1 (w/w) mixture of prochloraz plus tebuconazole) to control the growth of A. flavus and AF production in yeast-extract-sucrose (YES) agar and in maize kernels under different water activities (aw) and temperatures. Aflatoxins B1 and B2 were determined by LC with fluorescence detection and post-column derivatisation of AFB1. In YES medium and maize grains inoculated with conidia of A. flavus, the growth rate (GR) of the fungus and AFB1 and AFB2 production were significantly influenced by temperature and treatment. In YES medium and maize kernels, optimal temperatures for GR and AF production were 37 and 25°C, respectively. In maize kernels, spore germination was not detected at the combination 37ºC/0.95 aw; however, under these conditions germination was found in YES medium. All fungicides were more effective at 0.99 than 0.95 aw, and at 37 than 25ºC. Fungicides effectiveness was prochloraz > prochloraz plus tebuconazole (2:1) > tebuconazole. AFs were not detected in cultures containing the highest fungicide doses, and only very low AF levels were found in cultures containing 0.1 mg l-1 prochloraz or 5.0 mg l-1 tebuconazole. Azoles proved to be highly efficient in reducing A. flavus growth and AF production, although stimulation of AF production was found under particular conditions and low-dosage treatments. Maize kernels were a more favourable substrate for AF biosynthesis than YES medium. This paper is the first comparative study on the effects of different azole formulations against A. flavus and AF production in a semi-synthetic medium and in maize grain under different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Mateo
- a Microbiology and Ecology Department , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | - José Vicente Gómez
- a Microbiology and Ecology Department , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | | | - David Romera
- a Microbiology and Ecology Department , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | - Rufino Mateo-Castro
- b Analytical Chemistry Department , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | - Misericordia Jiménez
- a Microbiology and Ecology Department , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain
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Mateo EM, Gómez JV, Domínguez I, Gimeno-Adelantado JV, Mateo-Castro R, Gavara R, Jiménez M. Impact of bioactive packaging systems based on EVOH films and essential oils in the control of aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxin production in maize. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 254:36-46. [PMID: 28525761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus are the most common fungal species associated with aflatoxin (AF) contamination of cereals, especially maize, and other agricultural commodities. AFB1, the most frequent and toxic metabolite, is a powerful hepatotoxic, teratogenic and mutagenic compound. Effective strategies to control these fungal species and AFs in food and feed are required. Active packaging film containing essential oils (EO) is one of the most innovative food packaging concepts. In this study, ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer films incorporating EO from Origanum vulgare (ORE), Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CIN) or their major active constituents, carvacrol (CAR) and cinnamaldehyde (CINHO), respectively, were developed and assayed to control growth of A. flavus and A. parasiticus and AF production in maize grains under different aw and temperature regimens. EO doses assayed in cultures were in the range 0.25-4.0mg/Petri dish. The factors aw, temperature, type of EVOH-EO film and fungal species significantly influenced the ED50 values of all assayed films. Growth rate (GR) of both species was usually higher at 0.99 than at 0.96 aw and at 37°C than at 25°C. However, the contrary was found with regard to AF production. The order of efficacy of EVOH-EO films to control growth of both species and AF production was EVOH-CINHO>EVOH-CAR>EVOH-ORE>EVOH-CIN. The effective dose (ED50) (mg EO/plate) for EVOH-CINHO and EVOH-CIN films against A. flavus were in the ranges of 0.125 and 2.475-3.500 and against A. parasiticus in the ranges of 0.121-0.133 and 2.275-3.625, respectively. Under the assayed conditions, the ED90 for EVOH-CINHO film were 0.22-0.23mg/plate for both species. It was the most effective bioactive film to control fungal growth (vapour phase) and AF production, regardless of aw and temperature. This is the first study about the impact that interacting environmental conditions and bioactive EVOH-CINHO, EVOH-ORE, EVOH-CIN EVOH-CAR films have on the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi and on AF production in maize grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Mateo
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - José V Gómez
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Domínguez
- Packaging Lab, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, CSIC, Avenida Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose V Gimeno-Adelantado
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rufino Mateo-Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Gavara
- Packaging Lab, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, CSIC, Avenida Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Misericordia Jiménez
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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23
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Wu F, Mitchell N. How climate change and regulations can affect the economics of mycotoxins. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2015.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the decades to come, the one factor that will likely have the greatest effect on the economics of the mycotoxin problem is climate change. This article reviews the current state of known science on how the global climate has been changing in recent decades, as well as likely climate change trends in the near future. The article focuses in depth on how climatic variables affect fungal infection and production of specific mycotoxins in food crops, and how near-future climatic changes will shape the prevalence of these mycotoxins in crops in different parts of the world. Because of regulatory limits set on maximum allowable levels of mycotoxins in food and feed, growers will experience economic losses if climatic factors cause certain mycotoxins to become more prevalent. A case study is presented of how maize growers in the United States will experience increased economic losses due to slightly higher aflatoxin levels in maize, even if those levels may still be below regulatory limits. We discuss the overall expected economic impacts of climate change-induced mycotoxin contamination worldwide – not just market-related losses, but also losses to human and animal health and risks to food security. Aflatoxin is the mycotoxin that is most likely to increase under near-future climate scenarios; and thus is likely to pose the greatest amount of economic risk of all the mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Wu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, 496 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - N.J. Mitchell
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, 496 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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24
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Van der Fels-Klerx H, Liu C, Battilani P. Modelling climate change impacts on mycotoxin contamination. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2016.2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Projected climate change effects will influence primary agricultural systems and thus food security, directly via impacts on yields, and indirectly via impacts on its safety, with mycotoxins considered as crucial hazards. Mycotoxins are produced by a wide variety of fungal species, each having their own characteristics and requirements. The geographic distribution of toxigenic fungi reflects their ecological needs, with thermophilic fungi prevalent at lower latitudes and psychrophiles at the higher latitudes. A resulting gradient of mycotoxin contamination has been repeatedly stressed. Changes in climatic conditions will lead to shifts in the fungal population and the mycotoxin patterns. In general, climate change is expected to increase mycotoxin contamination of crops, but due to the complexity of mycoflora associated to each crop and its interaction with the environment, it appears rash to draw conclusions without specific studies. Very recently first quantitative estimations of impacts of climate change on mycotoxin occurrence have been made. Two studies each applied models of different disciplines including climate projection, crop phenology and fungal/mycotoxin prediction to cereals cultivated in Europe. They were followed by a case study on climate change effects on Alternaria moulds and their mycotoxins in tomato. Results showed that DON contamination of wheat grown in Europe was, in general, expected to increase. However, variation was large, and in some years and some regions a decrease in DON contamination was expected. Regarding aflatoxin contamination of maize grown in Europe, an increase was estimated, mainly in the +2 °C scenario. Two main research gaps were identified related to the (limited) number of existing quantitative models taking into account climate change and their validation in limited areas. Efforts are therefore mandatory to be prepared for future changes and challenges on model validation and limited mycotoxin-crop combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.J. Van der Fels-Klerx
- RIKILT Wageningen University & Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - C. Liu
- RIKILT Wageningen University & Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - P. Battilani
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
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25
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Magan N, Medina A. Integrating gene expression, ecology and mycotoxin production by Fusarium and Aspergillus species in relation to interacting environmental factors. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2016.2076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors, such as water availability (water activity, aw), temperature and their interactions, have a significant impact on the life cycle of mycotoxigenic fungi. Growth and mycotoxin production are influenced by these interacting factors resulting in a broader range of aw × temperature conditions for germination, than growth or mycotoxin production. The biosynthetic genes are mostly clustered together and by using microarrays with sub-arrays for specific mycotoxins, such as trichothecenes, fumonisins and aflatoxins it has been possible to examine the relationship between interacting aw × temperature conditions on growth, toxin gene cluster expression and relate these to phenotypic toxin production. The data for groups of biosynthetic genes (Fusarium culmorum/Fusarium graminearum; Fusarium verticillioides; Aspergillus flavus) were integrated with data on growth and mycotoxin production under different aw × temperature conditions using a mixed growth model. This was used to correlate these factors and predict toxin levels which may be produced under different abiotic stress conditions. Indeed, the relative importance of the different genes could be examined using ternary diagrams of the relative expression of 3 genes at a time in relation to aw, temperature and mycotoxin production to identify the most important relationships. The effect of three-way interacting environmental factors representative of climate change (CC) scenarios (water stress × temperature (+2-4 °C) × elevated CO2 (350-400 vs 650 and 1000 ppm) on growth and mycotoxin production by A. flavus and by species of the Aspergillus section Circumdati and section Nigri have been determined. These studies on maize grain and coffee, respectively, suggest that while growth may not be significantly affected, mycotoxin production may be stimulated by CC factors. This approach to integrate such data sets and model the relationships could be a powerful tool for predicting the relative toxin production under extreme stress conditions, including CC scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Magan
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
| | - A. Medina
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
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26
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Chen J, Sun L, Cheng Y, Lu Z, Shao K, Li T, Hu C, Han H. Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanocomposite: Novel Agricultural Antifungal Agent against Fusarium graminearum for Crop Disease Prevention. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:24057-70. [PMID: 27563750 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based antibacterial agents have emerged as an interdisciplinary field involving medicine, material science, biology, and chemistry because of their size-dependent qualities, high surface-to-volume ratio, and unique physiochemical properties. Some of them have shown great promise for their application in plant protection and nutrition. Here, GO-AgNPs nanocomposite was fabricated through interfacial electrostatic self-assembly and its antifungal activity against phytopathogen Fusarium graminearum was investigated in vitro and in vivo for the first time. The results demonstrated that the GO-AgNPs nanocomposite showed almost a 3- and 7-fold increase of inhibition efficiency over pure AgNPs and GO suspension, respectively. The spore germination inhibition was stimulated by a relatively low concentration of 4.68 μg/mL (minimum inhibition concentration (MIC)). The spores and hyphae were damaged, which might be caused by an antibacterial mechanism from the remarkable synergistic effect of GO-AgNPs, inducing physical injury and chemical reactive oxygen species generation. More importantly, the chemical reduction of GO mediated by fungal spores was possibly contributed to the high antimicrobial activity of GO-AgNPs. Furthermore, the GO-AgNPs nanocomposite showed a significant effect in controlling the leaf spot disease infected by F. graminearum in the detached leaf experiment. All the results from this research suggest that the GO-AgNPs nanocomposite developed in this work has the potential as a promising material for the development of novel antimicrobial agents against pathogenic fungi or bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanni Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Natural Product Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University , Chongqing, 400715, P.R. China
| | - Long Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Zhicheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Kang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Chao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Heyou Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
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27
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Ferrigo D, Raiola A, Causin R. Fusarium Toxins in Cereals: Occurrence, Legislation, Factors Promoting the Appearance and Their Management. Molecules 2016; 21:E627. [PMID: 27187340 PMCID: PMC6274039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium diseases of small grain cereals and maize cause significant yield losses worldwide. Fusarium infections result in reduced grain yield and contamination with mycotoxins, some of which have a notable impact on human and animal health. Regulations on maximum limits have been established in various countries to protect consumers from the harmful effects of these mycotoxins. Several factors are involved in Fusarium disease and mycotoxin occurrence and among them environmental factors and the agronomic practices have been shown to deeply affect mycotoxin contamination in the field. In the present review particular emphasis will be placed on how environmental conditions and stress factors for the crops can affect Fusarium infection and mycotoxin production, with the aim to provide useful knowledge to develop strategies to prevent mycotoxin accumulation in cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrigo
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Campus of Agripolis, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Raiola
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Campus of Agripolis, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
| | - Roberto Causin
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Campus of Agripolis, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
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28
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Ferrigo D, Raiola A, Bogialli S, Bortolini C, Tapparo A, Causin R. In Vitro Production of Fumonisins by Fusarium verticillioides under Oxidative Stress Induced by H2O2. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:4879-4885. [PMID: 25910187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of oxidative stress induced by H2O2 were tested in liquid cultures in the fumonisin-producing fungus Fusarium verticillioides. The quantitative analysis of fumonisins B1, B2, B3, and B4 was achieved by means of liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Two effects in F. verticillioides, consisting of different abilities to produce fumonisins in response to oxidative stress, were identified. Following H2O2 addition, two F. verticillioides strains produced significantly more fumonisin (>300%) while three other strains produced significantly less (<20%) in comparison to control cultures. Transcriptional studies with seven biosynthetic genes showed a significant increase in transcript levels in the strain that made more fumonisin and either no or minimal changes in the strain that made less fumonisin. Our data indicate the important role of oxidative stress toward the modulation of the fumonisin biosynthesis and suggest the necessity to verify the presence of such divergent behavior in F. verticillioides populations under natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrigo
- †Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Campus of Agripolis, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Raiola
- †Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Campus of Agripolis, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Bogialli
- ‡Department of Chemical Science, University of Padua, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Bortolini
- ‡Department of Chemical Science, University of Padua, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Tapparo
- ‡Department of Chemical Science, University of Padua, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Causin
- †Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Campus of Agripolis, Viale Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy
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29
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Impacts of environmental stress on growth, secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and metabolite production of xerotolerant/xerophilic fungi. Curr Genet 2014; 61:325-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00294-014-0455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Fu M, Li R, Guo C, Pang M, Liu Y, Dong J. Natural incidence of Fusarium species and fumonisins B1 and B2 associated with maize kernels from nine provinces in China in 2012. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 32:503-11. [PMID: 25315450 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.976846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium species, which can produce mycotoxins, are the predominant pathogens causing maize ear rot, a disease that results in severe economic losses and serves as a potential health risk for humans and animals. A survey was conducted in 2012 to investigate the contamination of maize by Fusarium species and fumonisins B1 and B2. A total of 250 maize samples were randomly collected from nine provinces (Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Ningxia) in China. Fusarium species were isolated and identified using morphological (electron microscope) and molecular methods (polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing). Fumonisins B1 and B2 were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) with OPA (2-Mercaptoethanol, o-phthaldialdehyde) post-column derivatisation. A total of 2321 Fusarium isolates (20.7%) were obtained from all the samples. These isolates included nine Fusarium species, namely, F. graminearum, F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum, F. temperatum, F. oxysporum, F. equiseti, F. meridionale and F. chlamydosporum. The incidence of occurrence of Fusarium species in Guizhou was the highest, while in Inner Mongolia it was the lowest. F. verticillioides was the dominant species of maize ear rot in Liaoning, Sichuan, Hebei and Ningxia. F. graminearum was the dominant species in Yunnan, Guizhou and Shanxi. F. subglutinans was the dominant species in Heilongjiang. F. verticillioides and F. graminearum percentages were the same in Inner Mongolia. The incidence of fumonisins in Liaoning was high (up to 81.0%) and in Heilongjiang low (up to 10.3%). Except Shanxi, more than 50% of maize samples from other provinces were contaminated with fumonisins, with concentrations less than 500 ng g(-1). About 33% of maize samples from Yunnan were contaminated with high levels of fumonisins, and average of fumonisin levels were 5191 ng g(-1). Fusarium species causing maize ear rot in different areas in China were highly diverse and such areas with exposure to high levels of fumonisin contamination have a potential health risk for human and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Fu
- a College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China
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31
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Combined effects of benomyl and environmental factors on growth and expression of the fumonisin biosynthetic genes FUM1 and FUM19 by Fusarium verticillioides. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 191:17-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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32
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Jia W, Chu X, Ling Y, Huang J, Chang J. Multi-mycotoxin analysis in dairy products by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1345:107-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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33
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Bis-naphtho-γ-pyrones from fungi and their bioactivities. Molecules 2014; 19:7169-88. [PMID: 24886942 PMCID: PMC6270783 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19067169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis-naphtho-γ-pyrones are an important group of aromatic polyketides derived from fungi. They have a variety of biological activities including cytotoxic, antitumor, antimicrobial, tyrosine kinase and HIV-1 integrase inhibition properties, demonstrating their potential applications in medicine and agriculture. At least 59 bis-naphtho-γ-pyrones from fungi have been reported in the past few decades. This mini-review aims to briefly summarize their occurrence, biosynthesis, and structure, as well as their biological activities. Some considerations regarding to synthesis, production, and medicinal and agricultural applications of bis-naphtho-γ-pyrones are also discussed.
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