1
|
Yang Y, Xie S, He F, Xu Y, Wang Z, Ihsan A, Wang X. Recent development and fighting strategies for lincosamide antibiotic resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0016123. [PMID: 38634634 PMCID: PMC11237733 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00161-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYLincosamides constitute an important class of antibiotics used against a wide range of pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, due to the misuse of lincosamide and co-selection pressure, the resistance to lincosamide has become a serious concern. It is urgently needed to carefully understand the phenomenon and mechanism of lincosamide resistance to effectively prevent and control lincosamide resistance. To date, six mobile lincosamide resistance classes, including lnu, cfr, erm, vga, lsa, and sal, have been identified. These lincosamide resistance genes are frequently found on mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as plasmids, transposons, integrative and conjugative elements, genomic islands, and prophages. Additionally, MGEs harbor the genes that confer resistance not only to antimicrobial agents of other classes but also to metals and biocides. The ultimate purpose of discovering and summarizing bacterial resistance is to prevent, control, and combat resistance effectively. This review highlights four promising strategies, including chemical modification of antibiotics, the development of antimicrobial peptides, the initiation of bacterial self-destruct program, and antimicrobial stewardship, to fight against resistance and safeguard global health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shiyu Xie
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fangjing He
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yindi Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Awais Ihsan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
El-Telbany M, Lin CY, Abdelaziz MN, Maung AT, El-Shibiny A, Mohammadi TN, Zayda M, Wang C, Zar Chi Lwin S, Zhao J, Masuda Y, Honjoh KI, Miyamoto T, El M. Potential application of phage vB_EfKS5 to control Enterococcus faecalis and its biofilm in food. AMB Express 2023; 13:130. [PMID: 37985524 PMCID: PMC10661674 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01628-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Contaminated food with antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus spp. could be the vehicle for transmitting Enterococcus to humans and accordingly cause a public health problem. The accumulation of biogenic amines produced by Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in food may have cytological effects. Bacteriophages (phage in short) are natural antimicrobial agents and can be used alone or in combination with other food preservatives to reduce food microbial contaminants. The aim of this study was to isolate a novel phage against E. faecalis and determine its host range to evaluate its potential application. Bacteriophage, vB_EfKS5, with a broad host range, was isolated to control the growth of E. faecalis. The vB_EfKS5 genome is 59,246 bp in length and has a GC content of 39.7%. The computational analysis of phage vB_EfKS5 genome confirmed that it does not contain any lysogenic, toxic, or virulent genes. Phage vB_EfKS5 exhibited lytic activity against most E. faecalis isolates with different multiplicities of infections and it infected 75.5% (22/29) of E. faecalis isolates and 42.3% (3/7) of E. faecium isolates. It was also able to destroy the biofilm formed by E. faecalis with different MOIs. Phage vB_EfKS5 alone or in combination with nisin could control the growth of E. faecalis in broth and milk. Based on its high productivity, stability, short latent period, and large burst size, phage vB_EfKS5 has a high potential for applications both in food and medical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Telbany
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Botany, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Chen-Yu Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Marwa Nabil Abdelaziz
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Aye Thida Maung
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayman El-Shibiny
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12578, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tahir Noor Mohammadi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Teagasc Food Research Center, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mahmoud Zayda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Monofiya Governorate, Egypt
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Su Zar Chi Lwin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junxin Zhao
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Masuda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Honjoh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Takahisa Miyamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mohamed El
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Investigation of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Listeria monocytogenes from 2010 through to 2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095506. [PMID: 35564901 PMCID: PMC9099560 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health issue. Due to resistance to current antibiotics and a low rate of development of new classes of antimicrobials, AMR is a leading cause of death worldwide. Listeria monocytogenes is a deadly foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis for the immunocompromised, the elderly, and pregnant women. Unfortunately, antimicrobial resistance has been reported in L. monocytogenes. This study conducted the first comprehensive statistical analysis of L. monocytogenes isolate data from the National Pathogen Detection Isolate Browser (NPDIB) to identify the trends for AMR genes in L. monocytogenes. Principal component analysis was firstly used to project the multi-dimensional data into two dimensions. Hierarchical clustering was then used to identify the significant AMR genes found in L. monocytogenes samples and to assess changes during the period from 2010 through to 2021. Statistical analysis of the data identified fosX, lin, abc-f, and tet(M) as the four most common AMR genes found in L. monocytogenes. It was determined that there was no increase in AMR genes during the studied time period. It was also observed that the number of isolates decreased from 2016 to 2020. This study establishes a baseline for the ongoing monitoring of L. monocytogenes for AMR genes.
Collapse
|
4
|
Cayemitte P, Gerliani N, Raymond P, Aider M. Study of the Antibacterial Potency of Electroactivated Solutions of Calcium Lactate and Calcium Ascorbate on Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 Vegetative Cells. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3579-3595. [PMID: 35128265 PMCID: PMC8811942 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is a pathogenic bacterium, Gram-positive, aerobic, and facultative anaerobic that can produce spores and different toxins. It is involved in serious foodborne illnesses such as the diarrheal and emetic syndromes, depending on the ingested toxin. This work is aimed to study the potency of electroactivated solutions (EAS) of calcium lactate, calcium ascorbate, and their mixture as antibacterial agents against B. cereus ATCC 14579 vegetative cells. The solutions used were electroactivated under electric current intensities of 250, 500, and 750 mA for 30 min. The obtained EAS were tested in direct contact with B. cereus (107 CFU/mL) for different durations ranging from 5 s to 2 min. Moreover, standard lactic and ascorbic acids were tested as controls at equivalent titratable acidity as that of the corresponding electroactivated solutions. The obtained results showed that EAS exhibit high antibacterial efficacy against B. cereus vegetative cells. The EAS obtained after electroactivation of calcium lactate and calcium ascorbate were more efficient than those of their corresponding standard acids (lactic and ascorbic). The observed antibacterial effect of the EAS resulted in a reduction of 7 log CFU/mL after 5 s of direct contact in some specific cases. Scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopic observations provided conclusive evidence of the antibacterial activity of the used EAS. These results outlined the highly antimicrobial potency of EAS against B. cereus vegetative cells and that they can be considered in an eventual strategy to ensure food safety, surface cleaning, as well as replacement of hazardous disinfecting chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre
Emerson Cayemitte
- Department
of Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
- Institute
of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Natela Gerliani
- Institute
of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
- Department
of Soil Sciences and Agri-Food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Philippe Raymond
- Saint-Hyacinthe
Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 3400 Casavant Boulevard West, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec J2S 8E3, Canada
| | - Mohammed Aider
- Institute
of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
- Department
of Soil Sciences and Agri-Food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Evaluation of isoeugenol in inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus efflux pumps and their toxicity using Drosophila melanogaster model. Life Sci 2021; 285:119940. [PMID: 34508763 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is a pathogen considered opportunistic and that has been acquiring resistance to several classes of antibiotics, mainly due to the synthesis of efflux pumps, which are proteins that expel these drugs intracellularly, reducing their effectiveness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of isoeugenol to inhibit S. aureus efflux pumps and to determine its toxicity against a eukaryotic model (Drosophila melanogaster). IS-58, K2068 and K4414 S. aureus strains were used in the study. Isoeugenol minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antibiotic modulation were evaluated in efflux pump inhibitory tests as well as in ethidium bromide (EtBr) assays. Toxicity tests against D. melanogaster assessed mortality and negative geotaxis. Isoeugenol obtained a relevant MIC result and a synergism was observed when isoeugenol was associated with the antibiotics, mainly with ciprofloxacin. Isoeugenol was able to affect all three efflux pumps tested, especially in strain K4414. The mortality of D. melanogaster caused by isoeugenol administration started after 12 h of exposure, being volume dependent and having an LC50 of 81.69 μL/L. In the negative geotaxis test, a statistical difference was observed after 24h of exposure compared to the control, demonstrating that damage to the locomotor apparatus had occurred. Based on the results, isoeugenol is a putative efflux pump inhibitor, becoming an alternative in blocking these proteins, and demonstrated acute toxicity against D. melanogaster.
Collapse
|
6
|
Cayemitte PE, Gerliani N, Raymond P, Aider M. Study of the impacts of electro-activated solutions of calcium lactate, calcium ascorbate and their equimolar mixture combined with moderate heat treatments on the spores of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 under model conditions and in fresh salmon. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 358:109285. [PMID: 34144838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Widespread in very diverse environments, the spores of Bacillus cereus are highly resistant to hostile conditions and can contaminate a huge variety of food products, posing a potential health hazard to consumers. Given this significant risk, the objective of this research work was to study the impacts of electro-activated solutions (EAS) made with calcium ascorbate, calcium lactate, and their equimolar mixture on Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 spores in model conditions and food matrix, the fresh Atlantic salmon. The model conditions consisted of a direct application of the EAS to the spores, which avoided any interference with factors external to those of the solutions. Salmon was chosen as a food model because it is a product sensitive to bacterial spoilage and can be eaten raw. To achieve this, the solutions were prepared by electro-activation using an electric current with an intensity of 750 mA for 30 min, resulting in mean pH values of 1.94 ± 0.15-2.16 ± 0.01 and titratable acidity of 0.102 ± 0.001-0.109 ± 0.001 mol/L, depending on the type of solution. These conditions were chosen because of their excellent antibacterial efficacy previously demonstrated against vegetative cells of B. cereus. The results showed high sporicidal activities of the EAS against B. cereus with a 7 to 9 log reduction, using an initial spore population of 109 CFU/mL, depending on the conditions evaluated, namely: in direct contact (2-30 min), in salmon used as a food matrix (2-7 min), and in combination with moderate heat treatments from 60 to 90 °C (0.5-2 min). In addition, it was observed that the sporicidal capacity of the EAS increased with temperature and the contact time. Otherwise, analysis of the color and lipids of the salmon have not shown any major impacts of the use of EAS as a rinsing solution for this highly perishable food. Furthermore, micrographs taken by scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed the destructive effects of the EAS used in the vital structures/components of the spores. In general, this study has demonstrated that the electro-activation technology is effective in producing EAS capable of destroying/inactivating B. cereus spores and that they can be used for the improvement of food safety and preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Emerson Cayemitte
- Department of Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Natela Gerliani
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada; Department of Soil Sciences and Agri-Food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Philippe Raymond
- St-Hyacinthe Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 8E3, Canada
| | - Mohammed Aider
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada; Department of Soil Sciences and Agri-Food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu JG, Meng J, Bao WJ, Kang JM, Chen JY, Han BZ. Occurrence of disinfectant-resistant bacteria in a fresh-cut vegetables processing facility and their role in protecting Salmonella enteritidis. RSC Adv 2021; 11:10291-10299. [PMID: 35423506 PMCID: PMC8695711 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09325d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical disinfectants are widely used to control foodborne pathogen contamination in fresh-cut vegetables (FVs) processing facilities. In this study, we investigated the disinfectant-resistant bacteria in a FVs processing facility and evaluate the effects of these bacteria on Salmonella enteritidis biofilm formation and disinfectant resistance. The disinfectant-resistance profiles were determined using 0.02% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), 0.2% benzalkonium bromide (BAB) and 2% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solutions. The results showed the high occurrence of disinfectant resistant bacteria in the FVs processing environment, especially in the clean area. All isolates showed planktonic susceptibility to H2O2 and BAB, while the Gram-positive isolates were specifically resistant to NaClO. Isolates with biofilm-forming ability showed resistance to tested disinfectants. Disinfectant resistance of S. enteritidis was not significantly enhanced in most of the mixed-species biofilms, except for Bacillus paramycoides B5 which not only increased the biomass but also enhanced the survival ability of the Salmonella under NaClO treatment. Increased biomass and compact biofilm structures were observed in mixed-species biofilms by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study provides new insights into the disinfectant-resistant bacteria from food processing facilities and highlights their relevance for foodborne pathogen contamination. The occurrence of disinfectant-resistant bacteria in a fresh-cut vegetables processing facility was observed, and Bacillus paramycoides B5 enhanced S. enteritidis survival under NaClO treatment.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Guo Xu
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jiao Meng
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Wen-Jing Bao
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jia-Mu Kang
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jing-Yu Chen
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Bei-Zhong Han
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
New spa types, resistance to sanitisers and presence of efflux pump genes in Staphylococcus aureus from milk. Int Dairy J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
9
|
Van Gompel L, Luiken REC, Sarrazin S, Munk P, Knudsen BE, Hansen RB, Bossers A, Aarestrup FM, Dewulf J, Wagenaar JA, Mevius DJ, Schmitt H, Heederik DJJ, Dorado-García A, Smit LAM. The antimicrobial resistome in relation to antimicrobial use and biosecurity in pig farming, a metagenome-wide association study in nine European countries. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 74:865-876. [PMID: 30649386 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies in food-producing animals have shown associations between antimicrobial use (AMU) and resistance (AMR) in specifically isolated bacterial species. Multi-country data are scarce and only describe between-country differences. Here we investigate associations between the pig faecal mobile resistome and characteristics at the farm-level across Europe. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 176 conventional pig farms from nine European countries. Twenty-five faecal samples from fattening pigs were pooled per farm and acquired resistomes were determined using shotgun metagenomics and the Resfinder reference database, i.e. the full collection of horizontally acquired AMR genes (ARGs). Normalized fragments resistance genes per kilobase reference per million bacterial fragments (FPKM) were calculated. Specific farm-level data (AMU, biosecurity) were collected. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed by country, relating farm-level data to relative ARG abundances (FPKM). RESULTS Total AMU during fattening was positively associated with total ARG (total FPKM). Positive associations were particularly observed between widely used macrolides and tetracyclines, and ARGs corresponding to the respective antimicrobial classes. Significant AMU-ARG associations were not found for β-lactams and only few colistin ARGs were found, despite high use of these antimicrobial classes in younger pigs. Increased internal biosecurity was directly related to higher abundances of ARGs mainly encoding macrolide resistance. These effects of biosecurity were independent of AMU in mutually adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Using resistome data in association studies is unprecedented and adds accuracy and new insights to previously observed AMU-AMR associations. Major components of the pig resistome are positively and independently associated with on-farm AMU and biosecurity conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liese Van Gompel
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roosmarijn E C Luiken
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Sarrazin
- Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Patrick Munk
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 204, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Berith E Knudsen
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 204, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Alex Bossers
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, RA, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Frank M Aarestrup
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 204, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jeroen Dewulf
- Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jaap A Wagenaar
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, RA, Lelystad, The Netherlands.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dik J Mevius
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, RA, Lelystad, The Netherlands.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Heike Schmitt
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Centre of Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, MA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Dick J J Heederik
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Dorado-García
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lidwien A M Smit
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sirichoat A, Flórez AB, Vázquez L, Buppasiri P, Panya M, Lulitanond V, Mayo B. Antibiotic Resistance-Susceptibility Profiles of Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus spp. From the Human Vagina, and Genome Analysis of the Genetic Basis of Intrinsic and Acquired Resistances. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1438. [PMID: 32695087 PMCID: PMC7333779 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern worldwide. Commensal bacteria from the human genitourinary tract can act as reservoirs of resistance genes playing a role in their transfer to pathogens. In this study, the minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 antibiotics to 15 isolates from the human vagina, identified as Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus anginosus, and Streptococcus salivarius, was determined. Eight isolates were considered resistant to tetracycline, five to clindamycin and quinupristin-dalfopristin, and four to rifampicin. To investigate the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes, PCR analysis was performed in all isolates, and five were subjected to whole-genome sequencing analysis. PCR reactions identified tet(M) in all tetracycline-resistant E. faecalis isolates, while both tet(M) and tet(L) were found in tetracycline-resistant S. anginosus isolates. The tet(M) gene in E. faecalis VA02-2 was carried within an entire copy of the transposon Tn916. In S. anginosus VA01-10AN and VA01-14AN, the tet(M) and tet(L) genes were found contiguous with one another and flanked by genes encoding DNA mobilization and plasmid replication proteins. Amplification and sequencing suggested the lsaA gene to be complete in all E. faecalis isolates resistant to clindamycin and quinupristin-dalfopristin, while the gene contain mutations rendering to a non-functional LsaA in susceptible isolates. These results were subsequently confirmed by genome analysis of clindamycin and quinupristin-dalfopristin resistant and susceptible E. faecalis strains. Although a clinical breakpoint to kanamycin for S. salivarius has yet to be established, S. salivarius VA08-2AN showed an MIC to this antibiotic of 128 μg mL-1. However, genes involved in kanamycin resistance were not identified. Under the assayed conditions, neither tet(L) nor tet(M) from either E. faecalis or S. anginosus was transferred by conjugation to recipient strains of E. faecalis, Lactococcus lactis, or Lactobacillus plantarum. Nonetheless, the tet(L) gene from S. anginosus VA01-10AN was amplified by PCR, and cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, to which it provided a resistance of 48-64 μg mL-1 to tetracycline. Our results expand the knowledge of the antibiotic resistance-susceptibility profiles of vaginal bacteria and provide the genetic basis of their intrinsic and acquired resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Auttawit Sirichoat
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ana Belén Flórez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Lucía Vázquez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pranom Buppasiri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Marutpong Panya
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Viraphong Lulitanond
- Department of Microbiology, Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Baltasar Mayo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (IISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Golkar T, Zieliński M, Berghuis AM. Look and Outlook on Enzyme-Mediated Macrolide Resistance. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1942. [PMID: 30177927 PMCID: PMC6109786 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery in the early 1950s, macrolide antibiotics have been used in both agriculture and medicine. Specifically, macrolides such as erythromycin and azithromycin have found use as substitutes for β-lactam antibiotics in patients with penicillin allergies. Given the extensive use of this class of antibiotics it is no surprise that resistance has spread among pathogenic bacteria. In these bacteria different mechanisms of resistance have been observed. Frequently observed are alterations in the target of macrolides, i.e., the ribosome, as well as upregulation of efflux pumps. However, drug modification is also increasingly observed. Two classes of enzymes have been implicated in macrolide detoxification: macrolide phosphotransferases and macrolide esterases. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview on what is known about macrolide resistance with an emphasis on the macrolide phosphotransferase and esterase enzymes. Furthermore, we explore how this information can assist in addressing resistance to macrolide antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tolou Golkar
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michał Zieliński
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Albert M Berghuis
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Haubert L, Kremer FS, da Silva WP. Whole-genome sequencing identification of a multidrug-resistant Listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2a isolated from fresh mixed sausage in southern Brazil. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 65:127-130. [PMID: 30053641 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A previous study performed by our group reported the characterization of a multidrug-resistant isolate of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2a, named Lm16 isolate. This foodborne isolate is of particular interest because it is highly resistant to antimicrobials, disinfectants and heavy metals. In this study, we used the whole-genome shotgun method to sequence Lm16 isolate using the Illumina MiSeq platform. By assembling and analysis of the new genome, we were able to identify three efflux pumps (mepA, msrA, and norB) and mutations in the genes efTu and gyrA that confers resistance to antimicrobials. In conclusion, novel features in genome annotation regarding resistance genes in a L. monocytogenes foodborne isolate were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Haubert
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Wladimir Padilha da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Resende JA, Fontes CO, Ferreira-Machado AB, Nascimento TC, Silva VL, Diniz CG. Antimicrobial-Resistance Genetic Markers in Potentially Pathogenic Gram Positive Cocci Isolated from Brazilian Soft Cheese. J Food Sci 2018; 83:377-385. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Alves Resende
- Dept. of Pharmacy and Nutrition; Federal Univ. of Espírito Santo - Campus Alegre; Alegre Brazil
| | - Cláudia Oliveira Fontes
- Dept. of Basic Sciences of Life; Federal Univ. of Juiz de Fora - Campus Governador Valadares; Governador Valadares Brazil
| | | | | | - Vânia Lúcia Silva
- Dept. of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Inst. of Biological Sciences; Federal Univ. of Juiz de Fora; Juiz de Fora Brazil
| | - Cláudio Galuppo Diniz
- Dept. of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Inst. of Biological Sciences; Federal Univ. of Juiz de Fora; Juiz de Fora Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Haubert L, Kroning IS, Iglesias MA, da Silva WP. First report of the Staphylococcus aureus isolate from subclinical bovine mastitis in the South of Brazil harboring resistance gene dfrG and transposon family Tn 916-1545. Microb Pathog 2017; 113:242-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
15
|
de Sousa VS, da-Silva APDS, Sorenson L, Paschoal RP, Rabello RF, Campana EH, Pinheiro MS, dos Santos LOF, Martins N, Botelho ACN, Picão RC, Fracalanzza SEL, Riley LW, Sensabaugh G, Moreira BM. Staphylococcus saprophyticus Recovered from Humans, Food, and Recreational Waters in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Int J Microbiol 2017; 2017:4287547. [PMID: 28630628 PMCID: PMC5463105 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4287547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is an important agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) in young women, but information about this pathogen in human microbiota and in common environment is lacking. The aim of this study was to characterize S. saprophyticus isolates from genitoanal microbiota of 621 pregnant women, 10 minas cheese packs, and five beaches in Rio de Janeiro city and compare PFGE profiles of these isolates with five UTI PFGE clusters described in this city. We investigated 65 S. saprophyticus isolates from microbiota, 13 from minas cheese, and 30 from beaches and 32 UTI isolates. Antimicrobial resistance was determined by disk diffusion, MIC by agar dilution, and PCR. Erythromycin-resistance genes erm(C), msr(A), msr(B), mph(C), and lin(A) were found in 93% of isolates. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance correlated with dfrG or dfrA genes. Three cefoxitin-resistant isolates carried the mecA gene. All isolates obtained from cheese were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents. Six of 10 pregnant women with >1 isolate had monoclonal colonization. Isolates from pregnant women shared 100% similarity with UTI PFGE cluster types A and E obtained almost 10 years previously, suggesting temporal persistence of S. saprophyticus. Antimicrobial resistance of beach isolates reflected the profiles of human isolates. Taken together, results indicate a shared source for human and environmental isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Santos de Sousa
- Laboratório de Investigação em Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Souza da-Silva
- Laboratório de Investigação em Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leif Sorenson
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Raphael Paiva Paschoal
- Laboratório de Investigação em Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Eloiza Helena Campana
- Laboratório de Investigação em Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natacha Martins
- Laboratório de Investigação em Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Nunes Botelho
- Laboratório de Investigação em Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata Cristina Picão
- Laboratório de Investigação em Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Lee Woodland Riley
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - George Sensabaugh
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Beatriz Meurer Moreira
- Laboratório de Investigação em Microbiologia Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ricci A, Allende A, Bolton D, Chemaly M, Davies R, Girones R, Herman L, Koutsoumanis K, Lindqvist R, Nørrung B, Robertson L, Ru G, Sanaa M, Simmons M, Skandamis P, Snary E, Speybroeck N, Ter Kuile B, Threlfall J, Wahlström H, Cocconcelli PS, Klein G, Prieto Maradona M, Querol A, Peixe L, Suarez JE, Sundh I, Vlak JM, Aguilera-Gómez M, Barizzone F, Brozzi R, Correia S, Heng L, Istace F, Lythgo C, Fernández Escámez PS. Scientific Opinion on the update of the list of QPS-recommended biological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04664. [PMID: 32625421 PMCID: PMC7010101 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
EFSA is requested to assess the safety of a broad range of biological agents in the context of notification for market authorisation as sources of food and feed additives, food enzymes and plant protection products. The qualified presumption of safety (QPS) assessment was developed to provide a harmonised generic pre-assessment to support safety risk assessments performed by EFSA's scientific Panels. The safety of unambiguously defined biological agents (at the highest taxonomic unit appropriate for the purpose for which an application is intended), and the completeness of the body of knowledge are assessed. Identified safety concerns for a taxonomic unit are, where possible and reasonable in number, reflected as 'qualifications' in connection with a recommendation for a QPS status. The list of QPS recommended biological agents was reviewed and updated in the current opinion and therefore becomes the valid list. The 2016 update reviews previously assessed microorganisms including bacteria, yeasts and viruses used for plant protection purposes following an Extensive Literature Search strategy. The taxonomic units related to the new notifications received since the 2013 QPS opinion, were periodically evaluated for a QPS status and the results published as Statements of the BIOHAZ Panel. Carnobacterium divergens, Lactobacillus diolivorans, Microbacterium imperiale, Pasteuria nishizawae, Pediococcus parvulus, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus smithii, Xanthomonas campestris and Candida cylindracea were recommended for the QPS list. All taxonomic units previously recommended for the 2013 QPS list had their status reconfirmed as well their qualifications with the exception of Pasteuria nishizawae for which the qualification was removed. The exclusion of filamentous fungi and enterococci from the QPS evaluations was reconsidered but monitoring will be maintained and the status will be re-evaluated in the next QPS Opinion update. Evaluation of bacteriophages should remain as a case-by-case procedure and should not be considered for QPS status.
Collapse
|
17
|
Wand ME. Bacterial Resistance to Hospital Disinfection. MODELING THE TRANSMISSION AND PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60616-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
18
|
Tao W, Zhang XX, Zhao F, Huang K, Ma H, Wang Z, Ye L, Ren H. High Levels of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Their Correlations with Bacterial Community and Mobile Genetic Elements in Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Bioreactors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156854. [PMID: 27294780 PMCID: PMC4905627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment bioreactors, the ARGs in sludge from two full-scale pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants (PWWTPs) were investigated and compared with sludge samples from three sewage treatment plants (STPs) using metagenomic approach. The results showed that the ARG abundances in PWWTP sludge ranged from 54.7 to 585.0 ppm, which were higher than those in STP sludge (27.2 to 86.4 ppm). Moreover, the diversity of ARGs in PWWTP aerobic sludge (153 subtypes) was higher than that in STP aerobic sludge (118 subtypes). In addition, it was found that the profiles of ARGs in PWWTP aerobic sludge were similar to those in STP aerobic sludge but different from those in PWWTP anaerobic sludge, suggesting that dissolve oxygen (DO) could be one of the important factors affecting the profiles of ARGs. In PWWTP aerobic sludge, aminoglycoside, sulfonamide and multidrug resistance genes were frequently detected. While, tetracycline, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin and polypeptide resistance genes were abundantly present in PWWTP anaerobic sludge. Furthermore, we investigated the microbial community and the correlation between microbial community and ARGs in PWWTP sludge. And, significant correlations between ARG types and seven bacterial genera were found. In addition, the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were also examined and correlations between the ARGs and MGEs in PWWTP sludge were observed. Collectively, our results suggested that the microbial community and MGEs, which could be affected by DO, might be the main factors shaping the profiles of ARGs in PWWTP sludge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenda Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- * E-mail: (XXZ); (LY)
| | - Fuzheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kailong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Haijun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- * E-mail: (XXZ); (LY)
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Environmental Health Research Center, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cui Y, Liu X, Dietrich R, Märtlbauer E, Cao J, Ding S, Zhu K. Characterization ofBacillus cereusisolates from local dairy farms in China. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw096. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
20
|
Wesgate R, Grasha P, Maillard JY. Use of a predictive protocol to measure the antimicrobial resistance risks associated with biocidal product usage. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44:458-64. [PMID: 26810885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study we assessed the propensity of biocide exposure in the development of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. METHODS Our protocol is based on reporting changes in established antimicrobial susceptibility profiles in biocides and antibiotics after during use exposure to a product. The during use exposure reflects worse conditions of product use during application. It differs from the term low concentration, which usually reflects a concentration below the minimal inhibitory concentration, but not necessarily a concentration that occurs in practice. RESULTS Our results showed that exposure to triclosan (0.0004%) was associated with a high risk of developing resistance and cross-resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This was not observed with exposure to chlorhexidine (0.00005%) or a hydrogen peroxide-based biocidal product (in during use conditions). Interestingly, exposure to a low concentration of hydrogen peroxide (0.001%) carried a risk of emerging resistance to antibiotics if the presence of the oxidizing agent was maintained. We observed a number of unstable clinical resistances to antibiotics after exposure to the cationic biocide and oxidizing agent, notably to tobramycin and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid. CONCLUSIONS Using a decision tree based on the change in antimicrobial susceptibility test results, we were able to provide information on the effect of biocide exposure on the development of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials. Such information should address the call from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and European Union Biocidal Products Regulation for manufacturers to provide information on antimicrobial resistance and cross-resistance in bacteria after the use of their product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Wesgate
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Jean-Yves Maillard
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rasooly R, Hernlem B, He X, Friedman M. Plant compounds enhance the assay sensitivity for detection of active Bacillus cereus toxin. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:835-45. [PMID: 25767986 PMCID: PMC4379528 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7030835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is an important food pathogen, producing emetic and diarrheal syndromes, the latter mediated by enterotoxins. The ability to sensitively trace and identify this active toxin is important for food safety. This study evaluated a nonradioactive, sensitive, in vitro cell-based assay, based on B. cereus toxin inhibition of green fluorescent protein (GFP) synthesis in transduced monkey kidney Vero cells, combined with plant extracts or plant compounds that reduce viable count of B. cereus in food. The assay exhibited a dose dependent GFP inhibition response with ~25% inhibition at 50 ng/mL toxin evaluated in culture media or soy milk, rice milk or infant formula, products associated with food poisonings outbreak. The plant extracts of green tea or bitter almond and the plant compounds epicatechin or carvacrol were found to amplify the assay response to ~90% inhibition at the 50 ng/mL toxin concentration greatly increasing the sensitivity of this assay. Additional studies showed that the test formulations also inhibited the growth of the B. cereus bacteria, likely through cell membrane disruption. The results suggest that the improved highly sensitive assay for the toxin and the rapid inactivation of the pathogen producing the toxin have the potential to enhance food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reuven Rasooly
- Foodborne Contaminants Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Bradley Hernlem
- Foodborne Contaminants Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Xiaohua He
- Foodborne Contaminants Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Mendel Friedman
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nawrocki KL, Crispell EK, McBride SM. Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance Mechanisms of Gram-Positive Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2014; 3:461-92. [PMID: 25419466 PMCID: PMC4239024 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics3040461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides, or AMPs, play a significant role in many environments as a tool to remove competing organisms. In response, many bacteria have evolved mechanisms to resist these peptides and prevent AMP-mediated killing. The development of AMP resistance mechanisms is driven by direct competition between bacterial species, as well as host and pathogen interactions. Akin to the number of different AMPs found in nature, resistance mechanisms that have evolved are just as varied and may confer broad-range resistance or specific resistance to AMPs. Specific mechanisms of AMP resistance prevent AMP-mediated killing against a single type of AMP, while broad resistance mechanisms often lead to a global change in the bacterial cell surface and protect the bacterium from a large group of AMPs that have similar characteristics. AMP resistance mechanisms can be found in many species of bacteria and can provide a competitive edge against other bacterial species or a host immune response. Gram-positive bacteria are one of the largest AMP producing groups, but characterization of Gram-positive AMP resistance mechanisms lags behind that of Gram-negative species. In this review we present a summary of the AMP resistance mechanisms that have been identified and characterized in Gram-positive bacteria. Understanding the mechanisms of AMP resistance in Gram-positive species can provide guidelines in developing and applying AMPs as therapeutics, and offer insight into the role of resistance in bacterial pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Nawrocki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.L.N.); (E.K.C.)
| | - Emily K Crispell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.L.N.); (E.K.C.)
| | - Shonna M McBride
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (K.L.N.); (E.K.C.)
| |
Collapse
|