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Mori T, Abe I. Lincosamide Antibiotics: Structure, Activity, and Biosynthesis. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300840. [PMID: 38165257 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Lincosamides are naturally occurring antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces sp. Currently, lincomycin A and its semisynthetic analogue clindamycin are used as clinical drugs. Due to their unique structures and remarkable biological activities, derivatizations of lincosamides via semi-synthesis and biosynthetic studies have been reported. This review summarizes the structures and biological activities of lincosamides, and the recent studies of lincosamide biosynthetic enzymes.
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Grants
- JP20H00490 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- JP22H05126 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- JP23H00393 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- JP23H02641 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- JPNP20011 New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
- JP21ak0101164 New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
- JP23ama121027 New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
- JPMJPR20DA Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Mori
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Ikuro Abe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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Kamińska D, Ratajczak M, Nowak-Malczewska DM, Karolak JA, Kwaśniewski M, Szumala-Kakol A, Dlugaszewska J, Gajecka M. Macrolide and lincosamide resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women in Poland. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3877. [PMID: 38366099 PMCID: PMC10873391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowing about the antibiotic resistance, serotypes, and virulence-associated genes of Group B Streptococcus for epidemiological and vaccine development is very important. We have determined antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, serotype, and virulence profiles. The antibiotic susceptibility was assessed for a total of 421 Streptococcus agalactiae strains, isolated from pregnant women and neonates. Then, 89 erythromycin and/or clindamycin-resistant strains (82 isolates obtained from pregnant women and seven isolates derived from neonates) were assessed in detail. PCR techniques were used to identify the studied strains, perform serotyping, and assess genes encoding selected virulence factors. Phenotypic and genotypic methods determined the mechanisms of resistance. All tested strains were sensitive to penicillin and levofloxacin. The constitutive MLSB mechanism (78.2%), inducible MLSB mechanism (14.9%), and M phenotype (6.9%) were identified in the macrolide-resistant strains. It was found that macrolide resistance is strongly associated with the presence of the ermB gene and serotype V. FbsA, fbsB, fbsC, scpB, and lmb formed the most recurring pattern of genes among the nine surface proteins whose genes were analysed. A minority (7.9%) of the GBS isolates exhibited resistance to lincosamides and macrolides, or either, including those that comprised the hypervirulent clone ST-17. The representative antibiotic resistance pattern consisted of erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline resistance (71.9%). An increase in the fraction of strains resistant to macrolides and lincosamides indicates the need for monitoring both the susceptibility of these strains and the presence of the ST-17 clone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kamińska
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ratajczak
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota M Nowak-Malczewska
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Justyna A Karolak
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Kwaśniewski
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Szumala-Kakol
- Unit of Microbiology, Gynecological and Obstetric Clinical Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dlugaszewska
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marzena Gajecka
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland.
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Wu KJY, Tresco BIC, Ramkissoon A, Aleksandrova EV, Syroegin EA, See DNY, Liow P, Dittemore GA, Yu M, Testolin G, Mitcheltree MJ, Liu RY, Svetlov MS, Polikanov YS, Myers AG. An antibiotic preorganized for ribosomal binding overcomes antimicrobial resistance. Science 2024; 383:721-726. [PMID: 38359125 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk8013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
We report the design conception, chemical synthesis, and microbiological evaluation of the bridged macrobicyclic antibiotic cresomycin (CRM), which overcomes evolutionarily diverse forms of antimicrobial resistance that render modern antibiotics ineffective. CRM exhibits in vitro and in vivo efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We show that CRM is highly preorganized for ribosomal binding by determining its density functional theory-calculated, solution-state, solid-state, and (wild-type) ribosome-bound structures, which all align identically within the macrobicyclic subunits. Lastly, we report two additional x-ray crystal structures of CRM in complex with bacterial ribosomes separately modified by the ribosomal RNA methylases, chloramphenicol-florfenicol resistance (Cfr) and erythromycin-resistance ribosomal RNA methylase (Erm), revealing concessive adjustments by the target and antibiotic that permit CRM to maintain binding where other antibiotics fail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin J Y Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ben I C Tresco
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Antonio Ramkissoon
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Elena V Aleksandrova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Egor A Syroegin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Dominic N Y See
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Priscilla Liow
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Georgia A Dittemore
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Meiyi Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Giambattista Testolin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Matthew J Mitcheltree
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Richard Y Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Maxim S Svetlov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- Center for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Yury S Polikanov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- Center for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Andrew G Myers
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Uruén C, Gimeno J, Sanz M, Fraile L, Marín CM, Arenas J. Invasive Streptococcus suis isolated in Spain contain a highly promiscuous and dynamic resistome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1329632. [PMID: 38317790 PMCID: PMC10839070 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1329632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Streptococcus suis is a major pathogen for swine and human. Here we aimed to know the rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in invasive S. suis isolates recovered along Spain between 2016 - 2021 and elucidate their genetic origin. Methods Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for 116 isolates of different genetic backgrounds and geographic origins against 18 antibiotics of 9 families. The association between AMR and genotypes and the origin of the isolates were statistically analyzed using Pearson´s chi-square test and the likelihood ratio. The antimicrobial resistant genes were identified by whole genome sequencing analysis and PCR screenings. Results High AMR rates (>80%) were detected for tetracyclines, spectinomycin, lincosamides, and marbofloxacin, medium (20-40%) for sulphonamides/trimethoprim, tiamulin, penicillin G, and enrofloxacin, and low (< 20%) for florfenicol, and four additional β-lactams. The occurrence of multidrug resistance was observed in 90% of isolates. For certain antibiotics (penicillin G, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, tilmicosin, and erythromycin), AMR was significantly associated with particular sequence types (STs), geographic regions, age of pigs, and time course. Whole genome sequencing comparisons and PCR screenings identified 23 AMR genes, of which 19 were previously reported in S. suis (aph(3')-IIIa, sat4, aadE, spw, aac(6')-Ie-aph(2'')-Ia, fexA, optrA, erm(B), mef(A/E), mrs(D), mph(C), lnu(B), lsa(E), vga(F), tet(M), tet(O), tet(O/W/32/O), tet(W)), and 4 were novel (aph(2'')-IIIa, apmA, erm(47), tet(T)). These AMR genes explained the AMR to spectinomycin, macrolides, lincosamides, tiamulin, and tetracyclines. Several genes were located on mobile genetic elements which showed a variable organization and composition. As AMR gene homologs were identified in many human and animal pathogens, the resistome of S. suis has a different phylogenetic origin. Moreover, AMR to penicillin G, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim related to mutations in genes coding for target enzymes (pbp1a, pbp2b, pbp2x, mraY, gyrA, parC, and dhfr). Bioinformatic analysis estimated traits of recombination on target genes, also indicative of gene transfer events. Conclusions Our work evidences that S. suis is a major contributor to AMR dissemination across veterinary and human pathogens. Therefore, control of AMR in S. suis should be considered from a One Health approach in regions with high pig production to properly tackle the issue of antimicrobial drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Uruén
- Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jorge Gimeno
- Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marina Sanz
- Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Fraile
- Department of Animal Science, ETSEA, University of Lleida-Agrotecno, Lleida, Spain
| | - Clara M. Marín
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Animal Production and Health, CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús Arenas
- Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute Agrofood of Aragón-IA2, University of Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
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El-Banna TES, Sonbol FI, Kamer AMA, Badr SAMM. Genetic diversity of macrolides resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the potential synergistic effect of vitamins, C and K 3. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:30. [PMID: 38245680 PMCID: PMC10799532 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics have been extensively used for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. However, the emergence of macrolide-resistant strains of S. aureus has become a major concern for public health. The molecular mechanisms underlying macrolide resistance in S. aureus are complex and diverse, involving both target site modification and efflux pump systems. In this study, we aim to overcome the molecular diversity of macrolide resistance mechanisms in S. aureus by identifying common molecular targets that could be exploited for the development of novel therapeutics. METHODS About 300 Staphylococcus aureus different isolates were recovered and purified from 921 clinical specimen including urine (88), blood (156), sputum (264), nasal swabs (168), pus (181) and bone (39) collected from different departments in Tanta University Hospital. Macrolide resistant isolates were detected and tested for Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Gel electrophoresis was performed after the D test and PCR reaction for erm(A), (B), (C), msr(A), and mph(C) genes. Finally, we tried different combinations of Erythromycin or Azithromycin antibiotics with either vitamin K3 or vitamin C. RESULTS Macrolide resistance S. aureus isolates exhibited 7 major resistance patterns according to number of resistance markers and each pattern included sub patterns or subgroups. The PCR amplified products of different erm genes; analysis recorded different phenotypes of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates according to their different genotypes. In addition, our new tested combinations of Erythromycin and vitamin C, Erythromycin, and vitamin K3, Azithromycin and vitamin C and Azithromycin and vitamin K3 showed significant antibacterial effect when using every antibiotic alone. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of macrolide resistance in S. aureus and offer potential strategies for the development of novel protocols to overcome this emerging public health threat.
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Yang Z, Lan T, Luo H, Li P, Wang M, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M, Zhao X, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang S, Huang J, Ou X, Mao S, Gao Q, Sun D, Tian B, Cheng A, Zhu D. Emergence and mobilization of a novel lincosamide resistance gene lnu(I): From environmental reservoirs to pathogenic bacteria. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167400. [PMID: 37769725 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance remains an utmost concern in human and veterinary medicine, impacting humans, animals, and the environment while significantly influencing the principles of One Health. While Riemerella anatipestifer (R. anatipestifer) is recognized as a waterfowl pathogen with multidrug-resistant properties, the specifics of its lincosamide resistance mechanism are inadequately understood. In this study, we identified a novel lincosamide resistance gene, lnu(I), in R. anatipestifer RCAD0121, and investigated its potential origin, transfer mechanisms, and dissemination status through genomic epidemiology. This exhibited 74.80 % amino acid identity with a previously reported gene, lnu(H). PCR analysis revealed lnu(I) prevalence in at least 44 R. anatipestifer isolates collected from multiple provinces in China. Furthermore, genomic mining unveiled 56 lnu(I) sequences within publicly available databases, primarily originating from environmental sources. In addition, members of the family Flavobacteriaceae were the dominant (16/56, 28.57 %) bacteria carrying the lnu(I) gene, with Flavobacterium exhibiting a similar GC content as lnu(I). Notably, specific instances of the lnu(I) gene were linked to mobile genetic elements within human and animal pathogenic bacteria. These findings suggest that Flavobacterium species within the environment could serve as potential ancestral sources of the novel lnu(I) gene, which has undergone mobilization events toward pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishuang Yang
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tianjing Lan
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hongyan Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Di Sun
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, China; International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, China.
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Malla Thakuri DR, Pokhrel A, Amatya R, Sharma Bashyal N, Neupane M, Kc S, Joshi DR, Khanal S. Distribution of MecA and Erm Genes among Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus with Inducible Resistance to Clindamycin. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2023; 21:29-33. [PMID: 37742145 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v21i1.4337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its ability to confer cross-resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B has complicated the treatment against it. Gene-based studies among phenotypic methicillin-resistant isolates with inducible resistance to clindamycin are less available in Nepal. This work was undertaken to detect the mecA and erm genes among such phenotypes isolated from clinical samples. METHODS S. aureus isolated from different clinical samples was identified by standard microbiological procedures (Gram-staining, colony morphology, and different biochemical tests). Methicillin-resistant and inducible resistant to clindamycin phenotypes were detected by using cefoxitin disc (30 µg) and a double disk diffusion test according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and mecA and erm genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Among 120 S. aureus isolates, 51.67% (n=62) were MRSA, and the prevalence of inducibly-resistant, constitutively-resistant and Macrolide-Streptogramin phenotypes were 15.83% (n=19), 28.33% (n=34) and 15.83% (n=19) respectively. While 35.84% (n=43) of isolates showed sensitivity to both antibiotics, erythromycin and clindamycin. Out of 14 inducibly-resistant phenotypes, 57.14% (n=8) were found carrying ermC and 28.57% (n=4) phenotypes contained both ermA and ermC. All phenotypes were positive for the mecA gene. CONCLUSIONS Macrolides-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B resistance was predominant among methicillin-resistant S. aureus. While all isolates with inducible clindamycin resistance harbored mecA gene, most of them also harbored ermC gene. The higher prevalence of inducible-resistant to clindamycin indicated the need for rational use of antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anil Pokhrel
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ritu Amatya
- Department of Microbiology, OM hospital and Research Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Mary Neupane
- Department of Microbiology, National College,Tribhuvan University
| | - Sudeep Kc
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Dev Raj Joshi
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Santosh Khanal
- Department of Microbiology, National College,Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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8
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Marchionatti E, Perreten V. Novel macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance gene erm(56) in Trueperella pyogenes. mSphere 2023; 8:e0023923. [PMID: 37417762 PMCID: PMC10470526 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00239-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome sequence analysis of a macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B (MLSB)-resistant Trueperella pyogenes from a dog revealed a new 23S ribosomal RNA methylase gene erm(56). Expression of the cloned erm(56) confers resistance to MLSB in T. pyogenes and Escherichia coli. The erm(56) gene was flanked by two IS6100 integrated on the chromosome next to a sul1-containing class 1 integron. GenBank query revealed additional erm(56)-containing elements in another T. pyogenes and in Rothia nasimurium from livestock. IMPORTANCE A novel 23S ribosomal RNA methylase gene erm(56) flanked by insertion sequence IS6100 was identified in a Trueperella pyogenes isolated from the abscess of a dog and was also present in another T. pyogenes and in Rothia nasimurium from livestock. It was shown to confer resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B antibiotics in T. pyogenes and E. coli, indicating functionality in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The detection of erm(56) on different elements in unrelated bacteria from different animal sources and geographical origins suggests that it has been independently acquired and likely selected by the use of antibiotics in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Marchionatti
- Division of Molecular Bacterial Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Clinic for Ruminants, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Perreten
- Division of Molecular Bacterial Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Deshamukhya C, Bhowmik D, (Chanda) DD, Bhattacharjee A. Optimization of loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based method for detection of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Indian J Med Res 2023; 157:477-481. [PMID: 37955222 PMCID: PMC10443712 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3304_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
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10
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Koller TO, Turnbull KJ, Vaitkevicius K, Crowe-McAuliffe C, Roghanian M, Bulvas O, Nakamoto JA, Kurata T, Julius C, Atkinson G, Johansson J, Hauryliuk V, Wilson D. Structural basis for HflXr-mediated antibiotic resistance in Listeria monocytogenes. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:11285-11300. [PMID: 36300626 PMCID: PMC9638945 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
HflX is a ubiquitous bacterial GTPase that splits and recycles stressed ribosomes. In addition to HflX, Listeria monocytogenes contains a second HflX homolog, HflXr. Unlike HflX, HflXr confers resistance to macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics by an experimentally unexplored mechanism. Here, we have determined cryo-EM structures of L. monocytogenes HflXr-50S and HflX-50S complexes as well as L. monocytogenes 70S ribosomes in the presence and absence of the lincosamide lincomycin. While the overall geometry of HflXr on the 50S subunit is similar to that of HflX, a loop within the N-terminal domain of HflXr, which is two amino acids longer than in HflX, reaches deeper into the peptidyltransferase center. Moreover, unlike HflX, the binding of HflXr induces conformational changes within adjacent rRNA nucleotides that would be incompatible with drug binding. These findings suggest that HflXr confers resistance using an allosteric ribosome protection mechanism, rather than by simply splitting and recycling antibiotic-stalled ribosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karolis Vaitkevicius
- Department of Molecular Biology and Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Caillan Crowe-McAuliffe
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mohammad Roghanian
- Department of Molecular Biology and Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ondřej Bulvas
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jose A Nakamoto
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tatsuaki Kurata
- Department of Molecular Biology and Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Christina Julius
- Department of Molecular Biology and Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gemma C Atkinson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jörgen Johansson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Daniel N Wilson
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +49 40 42838 2841;
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11
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Zhang ZX, Fan XY, Li X, Gao YX, Zhao JR. [Historical Antibiotic Stress Changed the Effects of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim on Activated Sludge: ARGs and Potential Hosts]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022; 43:4536-4544. [PMID: 36224139 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202201136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The co-exposure of antibiotics has important effects on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microbial community aggregation in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, it is unclear whether differences in historical antibiotic exposure stress can determine responses of microbes and ARGs to combined antibiotics. By selecting a high concentration (30 mg·L-1) of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) as historical exposure stress conditions, the effects of SMX and TMP-combined pollution on ARGs, bacterial communities, and their interactions were explored in short-term experiments. Based on high-throughput quantitative PCR, a total of 13 ARGs were detected, and the absolute abundance was 2.21-5.42 copies·μL-1 (logarithm, DNA, the same below). Among them, sul2, ermB, mefA, and tetM-01 were the main subtypes in the samples, and the absolute abundance was between 2.95 and 5.40 copies·μL-1. The combined contamination of SMX and TMP could cause the enrichment of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs); however, their effects on each subtype were different, and the historical legacy effect of SMX was higher than that of TMP. Under the different exposure histories, the co-occurrence and co-exclusion patterns existed between ARGs. Moreover, MGEs (especially intI-1) were significantly correlated with sulfonamides (sul1 and sul2), tetracyclines[tet(32)], and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLSB) resistance genes (ermB). Based on the full-scale classification of microorganisms, it was found that the microbial community structure of various groups responded differently to combined pollution, and the conditionally abundant taxa (CAT) were obviously enriched. Thauera, Pseudoxanthomonas, and Paracoccus were the dominant resistant bacterial genera. Furthermore, a total of 31 potential hosts of ARGs were identified with network analysis, which were dominated with conditionally rare taxa (CRT). Particularly, Candidatus_Alysiosphaera and Fusibacter were positively correlated with most of the ARGs, being the common protentional hosts. Importantly, some rare genera (RT, Variibacter, Aeromonas, Cloacibacterium, etc.) were potential hosts of transposon IS613, which played an important role in the proliferation and spread of ARGs. In conclusion, this study revealed the legacy effects of historical antibiotic stress on ARGs and their hosts, which could provide new ideas and theoretical basis for reducing ARGs pollution in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Xing Zhang
- Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Fan
- Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xing Li
- Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yu-Xi Gao
- Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jun-Ru Zhao
- Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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12
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Crowe-McAuliffe C, Murina V, Turnbull KJ, Kasari M, Mohamad M, Polte C, Takada H, Vaitkevicius K, Johansson J, Ignatova Z, Atkinson GC, O'Neill AJ, Hauryliuk V, Wilson DN. Structural basis of ABCF-mediated resistance to pleuromutilin, lincosamide, and streptogramin A antibiotics in Gram-positive pathogens. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3577. [PMID: 34117249 PMCID: PMC8196190 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23753-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Target protection proteins confer resistance to the host organism by directly binding to the antibiotic target. One class of such proteins are the antibiotic resistance (ARE) ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins of the F-subtype (ARE-ABCFs), which are widely distributed throughout Gram-positive bacteria and bind the ribosome to alleviate translational inhibition from antibiotics that target the large ribosomal subunit. Here, we present single-particle cryo-EM structures of ARE-ABCF-ribosome complexes from three Gram-positive pathogens: Enterococcus faecalis LsaA, Staphylococcus haemolyticus VgaALC and Listeria monocytogenes VgaL. Supported by extensive mutagenesis analysis, these structures enable a general model for antibiotic resistance mediated by these ARE-ABCFs to be proposed. In this model, ABCF binding to the antibiotic-stalled ribosome mediates antibiotic release via mechanistically diverse long-range conformational relays that converge on a few conserved ribosomal RNA nucleotides located at the peptidyltransferase center. These insights are important for the future development of antibiotics that overcome such target protection resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoriia Murina
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kathryn Jane Turnbull
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marje Kasari
- University of Tartu, Institute of Technology, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Merianne Mohamad
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Christine Polte
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hiraku Takada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karolis Vaitkevicius
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jörgen Johansson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Zoya Ignatova
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Alex J O'Neill
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Vasili Hauryliuk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
- University of Tartu, Institute of Technology, Tartu, Estonia.
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Daniel N Wilson
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
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Shi YZ, Yoshida T, Fujiwara A, Nishiki I. Characterization of lsa(D), a Novel Gene Responsible for Resistance to Lincosamides, Streptogramins A, and Pleuromutilins in Fish Pathogenic Lactococcus garvieae Serotype II. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:301-310. [PMID: 32706619 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Fish pathogenic Lactococcus garvieae serotype II has been isolated from cultured fish species in Japan. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of lincomycin (LCM)-resistant L. garvieae serotype II and assess the molecular basis for lincosamides-streptogramins A-pleuromutilins (LSAP)-resistant phenotype. Results: We identified a novel lsa(D)-encoded 497-aa ATP-binding cassette F (ABC-F) protein in the LSAP-resistant strains. Amino acid identities of 41.25-54.73% were obtained between the deduced amino acids from Lsa(D) and other Lsa-type ABC-F proteins. Furthermore, comparative analysis revealed that the allele of lsa(D) with single point mutation at 233 aa position (TGG → TAG; tryptophan→premature termination codon [PTC]) in LSAP-sensitive strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials against the lsa(D) complementary strain and lsa(D)-disrupted mutant confirmed that lsa(D) conferred the LSAP-resistant phenotype. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction could not detect the noncoding region of lsa(D) allelic variant in the LSAP-sensitive strains. Additionally, the PTC (TAG) in LCM-sensitive strains was replaced by TGG, CAG, or TAT in the laboratory-induced revertant mutants. Conclusions: The novel lsa(D) conferred the LSAP-resistant phenotype in clinically LCM-resistant L. garvieae serotype II strains. However, the allele of lsa(D) gene containing the PTC was found in L. garvieae serotype II, resulting in the LSAP-susceptible phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ze Shi
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | - Atushi Fujiwara
- Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biosciences, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Issei Nishiki
- Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biosciences, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama, Japan
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14
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Nagarkoti D, Prajapati K, Sharma AN, Gyawali A, Manandhar S. Distribution of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B Antibiotics Resistance Genes in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococci. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2021; 18:734-740. [PMID: 33510520 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v18i4.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococci are posing threat due to increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance particularly methicillin. Macrolide lincosamide streptogramin B (MLSB) family of antibiotics is commonly used to treat such infections. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance and observation of erm and msr genes among Staphylococci isolated from tertiary care hospital of Nepal during July 2017 to March 2018. METHODS Staphylococci from different clinical specimens were identified and antibiotic susceptibility profile was assessed following Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The double disc diffusion or D-zone test as outlined in CLSI document M100-S24 was performed to examine inducible clindamycin resistant isolates. Multiplex PCR was performed for detection of erm and msr gene in isolates using specific primers for ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA and msrB genes. RESULTS Of the 60 Staphylococci isolates, 39 (65%) were S. aureus and 21 (35%) were coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) with 25 (64%) and 15 (71%) representing methicillin resistant S. aureus and CNS respectively. Constitutive and inducible MLSB phenotype was observed among 24 (40%) and 14 (23%) isolates respectively by D test. The most prevalent resistant gene was ermC (37%) followed by msrB (12%), ermB (10%) and msrA (10%). None of the isolates were found to possess ermA gene. CONCLUSIONS The presence of constitutive and inducible MLSB as well as resistant genes among Staphylococci necessitates detection of such isolates to minimize treatment failure. The result from this study may help elucidate the predominant resistant characteristics in clinical Staphylococci isolated from tertiary care hospital of Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharma Nagarkoti
- TriChandra Multiple College, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | | | - Sarita Manandhar
- TriChandra Multiple College, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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15
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Guérin F, Lachaal S, Auzou M, Le Brun C, Barraud O, Decousser JW, Lienhard R, Baraduc R, Dubreuil L, Cattoir V. Molecular basis of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) resistance in Finegoldia magna clinical isolates. Anaerobe 2020; 64:102220. [PMID: 32531434 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François Guérin
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, F-14033, France; Université de Caen Normandie, EA4655 (équipe "Antibio-résistance"), Caen, F-14032, France
| | - Sabrine Lachaal
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, F-14033, France
| | - Michel Auzou
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, F-14033, France; Université de Caen Normandie, EA4655 (équipe "Antibio-résistance"), Caen, F-14032, France
| | - Cécile Le Brun
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital Bretonneau, F-37044, Tours, France
| | - Olivier Barraud
- CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, Limoges, F-87042, France
| | - Jean-Winoc Decousser
- CHU Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Reto Lienhard
- ADMED Microbiologie, La-Chaux-de-Fonds, CH-2303, Switzerland
| | - Régine Baraduc
- CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, France
| | - Luc Dubreuil
- CHRU de Lille, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène et de Virologie, Lille, F-59 037, France
| | - Vincent Cattoir
- CHU Rennes, Service de Bactériologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, Rennes, F-35033, France; CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Rennes, F-35033, France.
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16
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Berendes D, Knee J, Sumner T, Capone D, Lai A, Wood A, Patel S, Nalá R, Cumming O, Brown J. Gut carriage of antimicrobial resistance genes among young children in urban Maputo, Mozambique: Associations with enteric pathogen carriage and environmental risk factors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225464. [PMID: 31756196 PMCID: PMC6874316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Because poor sanitation is hypothesized as a major direct and indirect pathway of exposure to antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), we sought to determine a) the prevalence of and b) environmental risk factors for gut carriage of key ARGs in a pediatric cohort at high risk of enteric infections due to poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions. We investigated ARGs in stool from young children in crowded, low-income settlements of Maputo, Mozambique, and explored potential associations with concurrent enteric pathogen carriage, diarrhea, and environmental risk factors, including WASH. We collected stool from 120 children <14 months old and tested specimens via quantal, multiplex molecular assays for common bacterial, viral, and protozoan enteric pathogens and 84 ARGs encoding potential resistance to 7 antibiotic classes. We estimated associations between ARG detection (number and diversity detected) and concurrently-measured enteric pathogen carriage, recently-reported diarrhea, and risk factors in the child’s living environment. The most commonly-detected ARGs encoded resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins (100% of children); tetracyclines (98%); β-lactams (94%), aminoglycosides (84%); fluoroquinolones (48%); and vancomycin (38%). Neither concurrent diarrhea nor measured environmental (including WASH) conditions were associated with ARG detection in adjusted models. Enteric pathogen carriage and ARG detection were associated: on average, 18% more ARGs were detected in stool from children carrying bacterial pathogens than those without (adjusted risk ratio (RR): 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.37), with 16% fewer ARGs detected in children carrying parasitic pathogens (protozoans, adjusted RR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.99). We observed gut ARGs conferring potential resistance to a range of antibiotics in this at-risk cohort that had high rates of enteric infection, even among children <14 months-old. Gut ARGs did not appear closely correlated with WASH, though environmental conditions were generally poor. ARG carriage may be associated with concurrent carriage of bacterial enteric pathogens, suggesting indirect linkages to WASH that merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Berendes
- Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jackie Knee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Trent Sumner
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Drew Capone
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Amanda Lai
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Anna Wood
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Siddhartha Patel
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Rassul Nalá
- National Institute of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Oliver Cumming
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Brown
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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17
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Berbel D, Càmara J, García E, Tubau F, Guérin F, Giard JC, Domínguez MÁ, Cattoir V, Ardanuy C. A novel genomic island harbouring lsa(E) and lnu(B) genes and a defective prophage in a Streptococcus pyogenes isolate resistant to lincosamide, streptogramin A and pleuromutilin antibiotics. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2019; 54:647-651. [PMID: 31476434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A lincosamide-resistant and macrolide-susceptible phenotype has not been described to date in Streptococcus pyogenes [group A streptococcus (GAS)]. The aim of this study was to characterize a GAS isolate susceptible to macrolides but resistant to lincosamide, streptogramin A and pleuromutilin antibiotics. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using the microdilution broth method and the resistance phenotype was tested by D-test. The GAS2887HUB isolate was subjected to whole-genome sequencing. The isolate showed a positive Gots' test (clindamycin inactivation). Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the strain was ST10 and emm93, and had five resistance genes [lnu(B), ant(6)-Ia, aph(3')-III, tet(M) and dfrG]. The tet(M) gene was located in a Tn916-like transposon. The lsa(E)-lnu(B)-containing sequence (inserted downstream of the rumA gene) was formed by a 39.6-kb prophage, followed by a gene cluster encoding aminoglycoside-streptothricin resistance [ant(6)Ia-sat4-aph(3')III] and lsa(E)-lnu(B) genes. This structure was not transferred by conjugation. This study identified a new genetic element carrying a determinant of lincosamide resistance in a GAS. Further molecular epidemiological surveys are needed to determine the prevalence of this mechanism of resistance in GAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dàmaris Berbel
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Càmara
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernesto García
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fe Tubau
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - François Guérin
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, EA4655 U2RM (Équipe 'Antibio-résistance'), Caen, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Giard
- Université de Caen Normandie, EA4655 U2RM (Équipe 'Antibio-résistance'), Caen, France
| | - M Ángeles Domínguez
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincent Cattoir
- CHU de Rennes, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène hospitalière, Rennes, France; CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé 'Entérocoques'), Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Unité Inserm U1230, Rennes, France
| | - Carmen Ardanuy
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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18
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Che Y, Xia Y, Liu L, Li AD, Yang Y, Zhang T. Mobile antibiotic resistome in wastewater treatment plants revealed by Nanopore metagenomic sequencing. Microbiome 2019; 7:44. [PMID: 30898140 PMCID: PMC6429696 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0663-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are recognized as hotspots for horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Despite our understanding of the composition and distribution of ARGs in WWTPs, the genetic location, host, and fate of ARGs remain largely unknown. RESULTS In this study, we combined Oxford Nanopore and Illumina metagenomics sequencing to comprehensively uncover the resistome context of influent, activated sludge, and effluent of three WWTPs and simultaneously track the hosts of the ARGs. The results showed that most of the ARGs detected in all compartments of the WWTPs were carried by plasmids. Transposons and integrons also showed higher prevalence on plasmids than on the ARG-carrying chromosome. Notably, integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) carrying five types of ARGs were detected, and they may play an important role in facilitating the transfer of ARGs, particularly for tetracycline and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS). A broad spectrum of ARGs carried by plasmids (29 subtypes) and ICEs (4 subtypes) was persistent across the WWTPs. Host tracking showed a variety of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the effluent, suggesting the high potential for their dissemination into receiving environments. Importantly, phenotype-genotype analysis confirmed the significant role of conjugative plasmids in facilitating the survival and persistence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the WWTPs. At last, the consistency in the quantitative results for major ARGs types revealed by Nanopore and Illumina sequencing platforms demonstrated the feasibility of Nanopore sequencing for resistome quantification. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings substantially expand our current knowledge of resistome in WWTPs, and help establish a baseline analysis framework to study ARGs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Che
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Xia
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Lei Liu
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - An-Dong Li
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Yang
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Tong Zhang
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
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Idelevich EA, Kriegeskorte A, Schleimer N, Peters G, von Eiff C, Becker K. In Vitro Susceptibility of Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Small-Colony Variants to β-Lactam and Non-β-Lactam Antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e02532-17. [PMID: 29378720 PMCID: PMC5913952 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02532-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variant (SCV) phenotype has been associated with relapsing and antibiotic-refractory infections. However, little is known about the activities of antibiotics on clinical SCVs. Here, we demonstrated that SCVs without detectable auxotrophies were at least as susceptible to most β-lactam and non-β-lactam antibiotics in vitro as their corresponding clonally identical strains with a normal phenotype. After prolonged incubation, a regrowth phenomenon has been observed in gradient diffusion inhibition zones irrespective of the strains' phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny A Idelevich
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - André Kriegeskorte
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nina Schleimer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Peters
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christof von Eiff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Karsten Becker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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Luo HY, Liu MF, Wang MS, Zhao XX, Jia RY, Chen S, Sun KF, Yang Q, Wu Y, Chen XY, Biville F, Zou YF, Jing B, Cheng AC, Zhu DK. A novel resistance gene, lnu(H), conferring resistance to lincosamides in Riemerella anatipestifer CH-2. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2017; 51:136-139. [PMID: 28843817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacterium Riemerella anatipestifer CH-2 is resistant to lincosamides, having a lincomycin (LCM) minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 128 µg/mL. The G148_1775 gene of R. anatipestifer CH-2, designated lnu(H), encodes a 260-amino acid protein with ≤41% identity to other reported lincosamide nucleotidylyltransferases. Escherichia coli RosettaTM (DE3) containing the pBAD24-lnu(H) plasmid showed four- and two-fold increases in the MICs of LCM and clindamycin (CLI), respectively. A kinetic assay of the purified Lnu(H) enzyme for LCM and CLI showed that the protein could inactive lincosamides. Mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated that the Lnu(H) enzyme catalysed adenylylation of lincosamides. In addition, an lnu(H) gene deletion strain exhibited 512- and 32-fold decreases in LCM and CLI MICs, respectively. The wild-type level of lincosamide resistance could be restored by complementation with a shuttle plasmid carrying the lnu(H) gene. The transformant R. anatipestifer ATCC 11845 [lnu(H)] acquired by natural transformation also exhibited high-level lincosamide resistance. Moreover, among 175 R. anatipestifer field isolates, 56 (32.0%) were positive for the lnu(H) gene by PCR. In conclusion, Lnu(H) is a novel lincosamide nucleotidylyltransferase that inactivates LCM and CLI by nucleotidylylation, thus conferring high-level lincosamide resistance to R. anatipestifer CH-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Luo
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ma-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming-Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ren-Yong Jia
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun-Feng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Chen
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Francis Biville
- Département Infection et epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Yuan-Feng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - An-Chun Cheng
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - De-Kang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Hawkins PA, Law CS, Metcalf BJ, Chochua S, Jackson DM, Westblade LF, Jerris R, Beall BW, McGee L. Cross-resistance to lincosamides, streptogramins A and pleuromutilins in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from the USA. J Antimicrob Chemother 2017; 72:1886-1892. [PMID: 28333320 PMCID: PMC5733627 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is a leading cause of meningitis, sepsis and pneumonia in neonates in the United States. GBS also causes invasive disease in older infants, pregnant women, children and young adults with underlying medical conditions, and older adults. Resistance to lincosamides in the absence of erythromycin resistance is rare in GBS, but has been previously reported in clinical isolates, both on its own or in combination with resistance to streptogramins A and pleuromutilins (L/LSA/LSAP phenotypes). Objectives To retrospectively screen the Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) GBS isolate collection for these phenotypes in order to identify the causal genetic determinants and determine whether their frequency is increasing. Methods Based on MIC data, 65 (0.31%) isolates susceptible to erythromycin (MIC ≤0.25 mg/L) and non-susceptible to clindamycin (MIC ≥0.5 mg/L) were identified among 21 186 GBS isolates. Genomic DNA was extracted and WGS was performed. The presence of 10 genes previously associated with LSA resistance was investigated by read mapping. Results Forty-nine (75%) isolates carried the lsa (C) gene and expressed the LSAP phenotype, and 12 (18%) carried both the lnu (B) and lsa (E) genes and expressed the LSAP phenotype. The four remaining isolates were negative for all determinants investigated. Conclusions While the overall observed frequency of these phenotypes among our GBS isolates was quite low (0.31%), this frequency has increased in recent years. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the LSAP phenotype has been reported among GBS isolates from the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina A. Hawkins
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Caitlin S. Law
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Sopio Chochua
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Lesley McGee
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Marosevic D, Kaevska M, Jaglic Z. Resistance to the tetracyclines and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin group of antibiotics and its genetic linkage - a review. Ann Agric Environ Med 2017; 24:338-344. [PMID: 28664720 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/74718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An excessive use of antimicrobial agents poses a risk for the selection of resistant bacteria. Of particular interest are antibiotics that have large consumption rates in both veterinary and human medicine, such as the tetracyclines and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) group of antibiotics. A high load of these agents increases the risk of transmission of resistant bacteria and/or resistance determinants to humans, leading to a subsequent therapeutic failure. An increasing incidence of bacteria resistant to both tetracyclines and MLS antibiotics has been recently observed. This review summarizes the current knowledge on different tetracycline and MLS resistance genes that can be linked together on transposable elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durdica Marosevic
- Bavarian Health Food Safety Authority, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany.
| | - Marija Kaevska
- Bavarian Health Food Safety Authority, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Zoran Jaglic
- Bavarian Health Food Safety Authority, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
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23
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Schwarz S, Shen J, Kadlec K, Wang Y, Brenner Michael G, Feßler AT, Vester B. Lincosamides, Streptogramins, Phenicols, and Pleuromutilins: Mode of Action and Mechanisms of Resistance. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2016; 6:a027037. [PMID: 27549310 PMCID: PMC5088508 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a027037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lincosamides, streptogramins, phenicols, and pleuromutilins (LSPPs) represent four structurally different classes of antimicrobial agents that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to particular sites on the 50S ribosomal subunit of the ribosomes. Members of all four classes are used for different purposes in human and veterinary medicine in various countries worldwide. Bacteria have developed ways and means to escape the inhibitory effects of LSPP antimicrobial agents by enzymatic inactivation, active export, or modification of the target sites of the agents. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mode of action of LSPP antimicrobial agents as well as of the mutations and resistance genes known to confer resistance to these agents in various bacteria of human and animal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kristina Kadlec
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Geovana Brenner Michael
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Andrea T Feßler
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Birte Vester
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Wang M, Sun J, Zhong W, Xiong W, Zeng Z, Sun Y. Presence and distribution of Macrolides-Lincosamide-Streptogramin resistance genes and potential indicator ARGs in the university ponds in Guangzhou, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:22937-22946. [PMID: 27578091 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the occurrence, abundance, and variation of seven Macrolides-Lincosamide-Streptogramin (MLS) resistance genes (ereB, ermA, ermB, ermF, mefA, vatB, mphA) and six potential indicator ARGs (tet (B), sul1, qnrS, fexA, IntI1, ermB) from three ponds at university by quantitative PCR and assess the impacts on the surroundings. Solid samples (fish feces, soil and sediment) and water samples were tested. All the genes were found at low levels in soil samples. For the MLS resistance genes, only two MLS genes (ermB, ermF) were detected in all samples and significant correlations between ermB and Σ MLS (R = 0.91 in solid samples; R = 0.86 in water samples, p < 0.01) were found. For the potential indicators, intl1 and sul1 were present at high levels in the three different ponds while the other genes showed varying levels. These findings show that the ermB gene can probably be served as an indicator to evaluate the overall level of MLS resistance genes. The fairly low abundance of all the tested resistance genes in soil samples and the moderate levels in other samples suggests that the university ponds kept a good state and did not have a significant impact on their surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianzhi Wang
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory For Antimicrobial Resistance Of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory For Antimicrobial Resistance Of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixin Zhong
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory For Antimicrobial Resistance Of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenguang Xiong
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory For Antimicrobial Resistance Of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenling Zeng
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory For Antimicrobial Resistance Of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxue Sun
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory For Antimicrobial Resistance Of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, China.
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Douarre PE, Sauvage E, Poyart C, Glaser P. Host specificity in the diversity and transfer of lsa resistance genes in group B Streptococcus. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:3205-13. [PMID: 26410170 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In group B Streptococcus (GBS), cross-resistance to lincosamides, streptogramin A and pleuromutilins (LSAP) is mediated by the acquisition of lsa genes. Here, we characterized the diversity, mobility and ecology of lsa genes in this species. METHODS lsa variants were systematically identified by BLAST searches in the genomes of 531 GBS strains from different hosts and geographical origins. The associated phenotypes were determined by a microdilution MIC method. Acquisition of resistance genes was deduced from comparative genomics and phylogeny. Their mobility was tested by conjugation experiments. RESULTS lsa(E) and three variants of lsa(C) were identified in GBS strains. Two lsa(C) variants had not been previously reported. All four variants conferred LSAP phenotypes. lsa(E) was located in a multiresistance gene cluster of a single human strain. This gene was transferred by a high-frequency recombination-type mechanism between GBS strains. Two lsa(C) variants are carried in six unrelated human strains by two similar elements specifically integrated in the oriT site of four different classes of integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). Strikingly, the acquisition of the resistance gene always occurred by the integration of the element into a resident ICE. The third lsa(C) variant was located at the same site in the core genome of 11 genetically distant bovine strains and was likely propagated by horizontal transfer of the corresponding chromosomal region. CONCLUSIONS lsa genes in GBS show distinct host specificities and modes of transfer. In general, their dissemination is mediated by recombination rather than by the transfer of conjugative elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Emmanuel Douarre
- Unité de Biologie des Bactéries pathogènes à Gram-positif, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724, Paris, France CNRS, UMR3525, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Sauvage
- Unité de Biologie des Bactéries pathogènes à Gram-positif, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724, Paris, France CNRS, UMR3525, Paris, France
| | - Claire Poyart
- Unité de Biologie des Bactéries pathogènes à Gram-positif, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724, Paris, France Centre National de Référence des Streptocoques, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre Cochin-Hôtel Dieu-Broca, Paris, France Institut Cochin, Université Sorbonne Paris Descartes, Paris, France INSERM, U1016, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Glaser
- Unité de Biologie des Bactéries pathogènes à Gram-positif, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724, Paris, France CNRS, UMR3525, Paris, France
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26
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Si H, Zhang WJ, Chu S, Wang XM, Dai L, Hua X, Dong Z, Schwarz S, Liu S. Novel plasmid-borne multidrug resistance gene cluster including lsa(E) from a linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolate of swine origin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:7113-6. [PMID: 26324271 PMCID: PMC4604366 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01394-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel nonconjugative plasmid of 28,489 bp from a porcine linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolate was completely sequenced. This plasmid harbored a novel type of multiresistance gene cluster that comprised the resistance genes lnu(B), lsa(E), spw, aadE, aphA3, and two copies of erm(B), which account for resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, pleuromutilins, streptomycin, spectinomycin, and kanamycin/neomycin. Structural comparisons suggested that this plasmid might have developed from other enterococcal plasmids by insertion element (IS)-mediated interplasmid recombination processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Si
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Wan-Jiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shengbo Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Xin Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhimin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Siguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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Alba P, Feltrin F, Cordaro G, Porrero MC, Kraushaar B, Argudín MA, Nykäsenoja S, Monaco M, Stegger M, Aarestrup FM, Butaye P, Franco A, Battisti A. Livestock-Associated Methicillin Resistant and Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type (CC)1 in European Farmed Animals: High Genetic Relatedness of Isolates from Italian Cattle Herds and Humans. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137143. [PMID: 26322785 PMCID: PMC4556339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Sequence Type (ST)1, Clonal Complex(CC)1, SCCmec V is one of the major Livestock-Associated (LA-) lineages in pig farming industry in Italy and is associated with pigs in other European countries. Recently, it has been increasingly detected in Italian dairy cattle herds. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences between ST1 MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) from cattle and pig herds in Italy and Europe and human isolates. Sixty-tree animal isolates from different holdings and 20 human isolates were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), spa-typing, SCCmec typing, and by micro-array analysis for several virulence, antimicrobial resistance, and strain/host-specific marker genes. Three major PFGE clusters were detected. The bovine isolates shared a high (≥90% to 100%) similarity with human isolates and carried the same SCCmec type IVa. They often showed genetic features typical of human adaptation or present in human-associated CC1: Immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes sak and scn, or sea; sat and aphA3-mediated aminoglycoside resistance. Contrary, typical markers of porcine origin in Italy and Spain, like erm(A) mediated macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB, and of vga(A)-mediated pleuromutilin resistance were always absent in human and bovine isolates. Most of ST(CC)1 MRSA from dairy cattle were multidrug-resistant and contained virulence and immunomodulatory genes associated with full capability of colonizing humans. As such, these strains may represent a greater human hazard than the porcine strains. The zoonotic capacity of CC1 LA-MRSA from livestock must be taken seriously and measures should be implemented at farm-level to prevent spill-over.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alba
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Diagnostic Department, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Feltrin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Diagnostic Department, Rome, Italy
| | - Gessica Cordaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Diagnostic Department, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - María Angeles Argudín
- Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre (VAR-CODA-CERVA), Groeselenberg, Belgium
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme Laboratoire de Référence MRSA—Staphylocoques, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Monica Monaco
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immuno-mediated Diseases, Rome, Italy
| | - Marc Stegger
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frank M. Aarestrup
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Patrick Butaye
- Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre (VAR-CODA-CERVA), Groeselenberg, Belgium
- Ross University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biosciences, Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and poultry diseases, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Alessia Franco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Diagnostic Department, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Battisti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Diagnostic Department, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Wasels F, Monot M, Spigaglia P, Barbanti F, Ma L, Bouchier C, Dupuy B, Mastrantonio P. Inter- and intraspecies transfer of a Clostridium difficile conjugative transposon conferring resistance to MLSB. Microb Drug Resist 2015; 20:555-60. [PMID: 25055190 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2014.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B group of antibiotics in Clostridium difficile is generally due to erm(B) genes. Tn6194, a conjugative transposon initially detected in PCR-ribotype 027 isolates, is an erm(B)-containing element also detected in other relevant C. difficile PCR-ribotypes. In this study, the genome of a C. difficile PCR-ribotype 001 strain was sequenced, and an element with two nucleotidic changes compared to Tn6194 was detected. This element was transferred by filter mating assays to recipient strains of C. difficile belonging to PCR-ribotype 009 and 027 and to a recipient strain of Enterococcus faecalis. Transconjugants were characterized by Southern blotting and genome sequencing, and integration sites in all transconjugants were identified. The element integrated the genome of C. difficile at different sites and the genome of E. faecalis at a unique site. This study is the first molecular characterization of an erm(B)-containing conjugative transposon in C. difficile and provides additional evidence of the antibiotic resistance transmission risk among pathogenic bacteria occupying the same human intestinal niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Wasels
- 1 Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
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Wendlandt S, Kadlec K, Feßler AT, Schwarz S. Identification of ABC transporter genes conferring combined pleuromutilin-lincosamide-streptogramin A resistance in bovine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. Vet Microbiol 2015; 177:353-8. [PMID: 25891423 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic basis of combined pleuromutilin-lincosamide-streptogramin A resistance in 26 unrelated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) from dairy cows suffering from mastitis. The 26 pleuromutilin-resistant staphylococcal isolates were screened for the presence of the genes vga(A), vga(B), vga(C), vga(E), vga(E) variant, sal(A), vmlR, cfr, lsa(A), lsa(B), lsa(C), and lsa(E) by PCR. None of the 26 isolates carried the genes vga(B), vga(C), vga(E), vga(E) variant, vmlR, cfr, lsa(A), lsa(B), or lsa(C). Two Staphylococcus haemolyticus and single Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus lentus, and Staphylococcus hominis were vga(A)-positive. Twelve S. aureus, two Staphylococcus warneri, as well as single S. lentus and S. xylosus carried the lsa(E) gene. Moreover, single S. aureus, S. haemolyticus, S. xylosus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were positive for both genes, vga(A) and lsa(E). The sal(A) gene was found in a single Staphylococcus sciuri. All ABC transporter genes were located in the chromosomal DNA, except for a plasmid-borne vga(A) gene in the S. epidermidis isolate. The genetic environment of the lsa(E)-positive isolates was analyzed using previously described PCR assays. Except for the S. warneri and S. xylosus, all lsa(E)-positive isolates harbored a part of the previously described enterococcal multiresistance gene cluster. This is the first report of the novel lsa(E) gene in the aforementioned bovine CoNS species. This is also the first identification of the sal(A) gene in a S. sciuri from a case of bovine mastitis. Moreover, the sal(A) gene was shown to also confer pleuromutilin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wendlandt
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Kristina Kadlec
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Andrea T Feßler
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany.
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Zhang A, Xu C, Wang H, Lei C, Liu B, Guan Z, Yang C, Yang Y, Peng L. Presence and new genetic environment of pleuromutilin-lincosamide-streptogramin A resistance gene lsa(E) in Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae of swine origin. Vet Microbiol 2015; 177:162-7. [PMID: 25759293 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive bacillus that causes erysipelas in swine. In recent years, erysipelas infection among swine in China has been increasing. A combined resistance phenotype to pleuromutilins, lincosamides, and streptogramin A (PLSA phenotype) was found in some E. rhusiopathiae isolates. The aim of this study was to identify the resistance genes responsible for the PLSA phenotype in E. rhusiopathiae strains and to map the genetic environment of the identified resistance gene. A total of 46 E. rhusiopathiae isolates from 31 pig farms in China were studied. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 11 antimicrobial agents were determined by broth microdilution method. Seven were highly resistant to tiamulin (MICs 32 μg/ml) and clindamycin (MICs 64 μg/ml). Resistance genes responsible for the PLSA phenotype were screened by PCR. The lsa(E), spw, lnu(B), aadE and aphA3 genes were detected in strains had the PLSA phenotype, whereas none was detected in susceptible strains. The genetic environment of lsa(E) gene was determined by whole-genome sequencing and overlapping PCR assays. A novel multiresistance gene cluster, orf1-aadE-apt-spw-lsa(E)-lnu(B)-rec-orf2-orf1-aadE-sat4-aphA3, was found. Horizontal gene transfer experiments and whole-genome sequencing suggested that the lsa(E)-carrying multiresistance gene cluster was located in the chromosome. This is the first molecular characterization of PLSA resistance in E. rhusiopathiae. The lsa(E), spw and lnu(B) genes were found in E. rhusiopathiae for the first time. A novel lsa(E)-carrying multiresistance gene cluster was found. The location of lsa(E) in different gene cluster facilitates its persistence and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Changwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Hongning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; "985 Project" Science Innovative Platform for Resource and environment Protection of Southwestern, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China.
| | - Changwei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Bihui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Zhongbin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Chunmei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
| | - Linyao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, PR China
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Lenart J, Vimberg V, Vesela L, Janata J, Balikova Novotna G. Detailed mutational analysis of Vga(A) interdomain linker: implication for antibiotic resistance specificity and mechanism. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:1360-4. [PMID: 25512423 PMCID: PMC4335903 DOI: 10.1128/aac.04468-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Detailed mutational analysis examines the roles of individual residues of the Vga(A) linker in determining the antibiotic resistance phenotype. It defines a narrowed region of residues 212 to 220 whose composition determines the resistance specificity to lincosamides, pleuromutilins, and/or streptogramins A. From the analogy with the recently described function of the homologous ABC-F protein EttA as a translational factor, we infer that the Vga(A) linker interacts with the ribosome and directly or indirectly affects the binding of the respective antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Lenart
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Vimberg
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Vesela
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Janata
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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Aydeniz Ozansoy F, Cevahir N, Kaleli İ. [Investigation of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B resistance in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical samples by phenotypical and genotypical methods]. MIKROBIYOL BUL 2015; 49:1-14. [PMID: 25706726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common cause of both community and healthcare-associated infections. As staphylococci have developed resistance to various antibiotics, initially to penicillins then to methicillin and glycopeptides and have the ability to cause epidemics, they continue to be a major problem from past to present. Methicillin resistance gave rise to the use of alternative antibiotics such as macrolides, however worldwide development of macrolide resistance limited the use of these antibiotics. Macrolide resistance occurs either through target site modification (MLS(B) phenotype, encoded by erm genes), efflux pumps (MS phenotype, encoded by msrA/B genes) or decreased cell wall permeability. The aim of this study was to investigate the MLS(B) resistance of clinical S.aureus strains with phenotypic and genotypic methods. A total of 404 S.aureus strains isolated from different clinical samples (50% wound, 15% tracheal aspirate and 35% other samples) of inpatients (93.3%) and outpatients (6.7%) were included in the study. Double disc synergy test (D-test) was used for the phenotypical research and PCR was used for the genotypical research of MLS(B) resistance of isolates. One hundred fifty eight (39.1%) of the S.aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant (MRSA), and 246 (60.9%) were methicillin-susceptible (MSSA). By the use of D-test, constitutive (cMLS(B)) and inducible (iMLS(B)) clindamycin resistance were detected in 19 and 111 isolates, respectively, while five isolates were MS phenotype and 268 isolates were S phenotype (susceptible to erythromycin and clindamycin). The resistance genes of 136 isolates with MLS(B) resistance phenotype were determined genotypically and among 111 isolates showing iMLS(B) phenotype ermA gene was found in 81.9% (83 MRSA, 8 MSSA), ermC gene in 10.8% (7 MRSA, 5 MSSA), msrA gene in 10.8% (11 MRSA, 1 MSSA), msrB gene in 1.8% (2 MRSA) and ermB gene in 0.9% (1 MRSA). Among 19 strains with cMLS(B) phenotype, ermA was found in 57.9% (10 MRSA, 1 MSSA), ermC in 36.8% (6 MRSA, 1 MSSA) and ermB in 15.8% (3 MRSA). Among five strains with MS phenotype, ermA was found in 80% (2 MRSA, 2 MSSA), msrA in 75% (3 MSSA), msrB in 50% (2 MSSA) and ermC in 25% (1 MSSA) of the isolates. ErmA and ermC genes were detected together in 14 isolates, ermA, ermC and msrA genes in one isolate, ermA and msrA genes in 11 isolates, ermA, msrA and msrB genes in three isolates and ermA and ermB genes in three isolates, respectively. In this study, two MRSA isolates with MS phenotype and negative D-test had only ermA gene and among two MSSA strains, erm genes were also determined in addition to msr genes. In our study RAPD-PCR method was used to investigate the clonal similarity, however no dominance of one or a number of clonal type was observed among the isolates in which the resistance genes were identified. In conclusion, the detection of MLS(B) resistance in S.aureus isolates is likely to influence the selection of antibiotics in the treatment of the infections caused by this bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nural Cevahir
- Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Denizli, Turkey.
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Liu M, Ding R, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Tian Z, Zhang T, Yang M. Abundance and distribution of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin resistance genes in an anaerobic-aerobic system treating spiramycin production wastewater. Water Res 2014; 63:33-41. [PMID: 24973730 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The behaviors of the Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin (MLS) resistance genes were investigated in an anaerobic-aerobic pilot-scale system treating spiramycin (SPM) production wastewater. After screening fifteen typical MLS resistance genes with different mechanisms using conventional PCR, eight detected genes were determined by quantitative PCR, together with three mobile elements. Aerobic sludge in the pilot system exhibited a total relative abundance of MLS resistance genes (per 16S rRNA gene) 2.5 logs higher than those in control samples collected from sewage and inosine wastewater treatment systems (P < 0.05), implying the presence of SPM could induce the production of MLS resistance genes. However, the total relative gene abundance in anaerobic sludge (4.3 × 10(-1)) was lower than that in aerobic sludge (3.7 × 10(0)) despite of the higher SPM level in anaerobic reactor, showing the advantage of anaerobic treatment in reducing the production of MLS resistance genes. The rRNA methylase genes (erm(B), erm(F), erm(X)) were the most abundant in the aerobic sludge (5.3 × 10(-1)-1.7 × 10(0)), followed by esterase gene ere(A) (1.3 × 10(-1)) and phosphorylase gene mph(B) (5.7 × 10(-2)). In anaerobic sludge, erm(B), erm(F), ere(A), and msr(D) were the major ones (1.2 × 10(-2)-3.2 × 10(-1)). These MLS resistance genes (except for msr(D)) were positively correlated with Class 1 integron (r(2) = 0.74-0.93, P < 0.05), implying the significance of horizontal transfer in their proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Ran Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Yingxin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Zhe Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
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Shrestha B, Rana SS. D test: a simple test with big implication for Staphylococcus aureus macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB resistance pattern. Nepal Med Coll J 2014; 16:88-94. [PMID: 25799821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
D test is a simple disc diffusion test giving high throughput results. It is used to study the macrolide lincosamide streptogramin resistance (MLSB), both constitutive and inducible as well as macrolide streptogramin resistance (MSB) in Staphylococcus aureus. In this test, erythromycin (macrolide) and clindamycin (lincosamide derivative) discs are placed adjacent to each other over the Mueller Hinton agar medium inoculated with the test organism. The growth of the organism up to the edges of the disc, flattening of the clindamycin zone (D test positive) near the erythromycin disc (resistant) and susceptible to both antibiotics implicate that the organism is having constitutive MLSB (CMLSB), inducible MLSB (IMLSB) and no resistance respectively. Further, the organism susceptible to clindamycin without any flattening of the zone (D test negative) near clindamycin disc (resistant) implicates that the organism is having macrolide streptogramin resistance (MSB). The test is performed in the same MHA plate in which the antibiotic sensitivity test is being done, taking into consideration that the discs are placed adjacent to each other maintaining the distance. Since clindamycin and streptogramin are among the few drugs of choice in the treatment of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections, knowing the resistance to these antibiotics is imperative.
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Li XS, Dong WC, Wang XM, Hu GZ, Wang YB, Cai BY, Wu CM, Wang Y, Du XD. Presence and genetic environment of pleuromutilin-lincosamide-streptogramin A resistance gene lsa(E) in enterococci of human and swine origin. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:1424-6. [PMID: 24379302 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Sheng Li
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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36
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Li J, Li B, Wendlandt S, Schwarz S, Wang Y, Wu C, Ma Z, Shen J. Identification of a novel vga(E) gene variant that confers resistance to pleuromutilins, lincosamides and streptogramin A antibiotics in staphylococci of porcine origin. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:919-23. [PMID: 24324222 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the genetic basis of pleuromutilin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci of porcine origin that do not carry known pleuromutilin resistance genes and to determine the localization and genetic environment of the identified resistance gene. METHODS Plasmid DNA of two pleuromutilin-resistant Staphylococcus cohnii and Staphylococcus simulans isolates was transformed into Staphylococcus aureus RN4220. The identified resistance plasmids were sequenced completely. The candidate gene for pleuromutilin resistance was cloned into shuttle vector pAM401. S. aureus RN4220 transformants carrying this recombinant shuttle vector were tested for their MICs. RESULTS S. cohnii isolate SA-7 and S. simulans isolate SSI1 carried the same plasmid of 5584 bp, designated pSA-7. A variant of the vga(E) gene was detected, which encodes a 524 amino acid ATP-binding cassette protein. The variant gene shared 85.7% nucleotide sequence identity and the variant protein 85.3% amino acid sequence identity with the original vga(E) gene and Vga(E) protein, respectively. The Vga(E) variant conferred cross-resistance to pleuromutilins, lincosamides and streptogramin A antibiotics. Plasmid pSA-7 showed an organization similar to that of the apmA-carrying plasmid pKKS49 from methicillin-resistant S. aureus and the dfrK-carrying plasmid pKKS966 from Staphylococcus hyicus. Sequence comparisons suggested that recombination events may have played a role in the acquisition of this vga(E) variant. CONCLUSIONS A novel vga(E) gene variant was identified, which was located on a small plasmid and was not associated with the transposon Tn6133 [in contrast to the original vga(E) gene]. The plasmid location may enable its further dissemination to other staphylococci and possibly also to other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Zhao Q, Wendlandt S, Li H, Li J, Wu C, Shen J, Schwarz S, Wang Y. Identification of the novel lincosamide resistance gene lnu(E) truncated by ISEnfa5-cfr-ISEnfa5 insertion in Streptococcus suis: de novo synthesis and confirmation of functional activity in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 58:1785-8. [PMID: 24366733 PMCID: PMC3957883 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02007-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel lincosamide resistance gene lnu(E), truncated by insertion of an ISEnfa5-cfr-ISEnfa5 segment, was identified in Streptococcus suis. The gene lnu(E) encodes a 173-amino-acid protein with ≤69.4% identity to other lincosamide nucleotidyltransferases. The lnu(E) gene and its promoter region were de novo synthesized, and Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 carrying a shuttle vector with the cloned lnu(E) gene showed a 16-fold increase in the lincomycin MIC. Mass spectrometry experiments demonstrated that Lnu(E) catalyzed the nucleotidylation of lincomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sarah Wendlandt
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Congming Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Quispe-Manco MDC, Zerpa-Larrauri R. [Need to detect a mechanism of resistance to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins in Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus in complicated small pox]. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 2013; 30:718-719. [PMID: 24448957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
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Isnard C, Malbruny B, Leclercq R, Cattoir V. Genetic basis for in vitro and in vivo resistance to lincosamides, streptogramins A, and pleuromutilins (LSAP phenotype) in Enterococcus faecium. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:4463-9. [PMID: 23836170 PMCID: PMC3754343 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01030-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
As opposed to Enterococcus faecalis, which is intrinsically resistant to lincosamides, streptogramins A, and pleuromutilins (LSAP phenotype) by production of the ABC protein Lsa(A), Enterococcus faecium is naturally susceptible. Since this phenotype may be selected for in vivo by quinupristin-dalfopristin (Q-D), the aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of acquired LSAP resistance in E. faecium. Six LSAP-resistant in vitro mutants of E. faecium HM1070 as well as three different pairs of clinical isolates (pre- and postexposure to Q-D) were studied. The full genome sequence of an in vitro mutant (E. faecium UCN90B) was determined by using 454 sequencing technology and was compared with that of the parental strain. Single-nucleotide replacement was carried out to confirm the role of this mutation. By comparative genomic analysis, a point mutation was found within a 1,503-bp gene coding for an ABC homologue showing 66% amino acid identity with Lsa(A). This mutation (C1349T) led to an amino acid substitution (Thr450Ile). An identical mutation was identified in all in vitro and in vivo resistant strains but was not present in susceptible strains. The wild-type allele was named eat(A) (for Enterococcus ABC transporter), and its mutated allelic variant was named eat(A)v. The introduction of eat(A)v from UCN90B into HM1070 conferred the LSAP phenotype, whereas that of eat(A) from HM1070 into UCN90B restored susceptibility entirely. This is the first description of the molecular mechanism of acquired LSAP resistance in E. faecium. Characterization of the biochemical mechanism of resistance and the physiological role of this ABC protein need further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roland Leclercq
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA4655 (Équipe Antibiorésistance), Faculté de Médecine, Caen, France
| | - Vincent Cattoir
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA4655 (Équipe Antibiorésistance), Faculté de Médecine, Caen, France
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Li B, Wendlandt S, Yao J, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Shi Z, Wei J, Shao D, Schwarz S, Wang S, Ma Z. Detection and new genetic environment of the pleuromutilin-lincosamide-streptogramin A resistance gene lsa(E) in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of swine origin. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:1251-5. [PMID: 23386262 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the genetic basis of pleuromutilin resistance in porcine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and to map the genetic environment of the identified plasmid-borne resistance gene. METHODS Seventy porcine MRSA isolates, which exhibited high MICs of tiamulin, valnemulin and retapamulin, were investigated for pleuromutilin resistance genes and mutations. They were characterized by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, spa typing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Plasmid DNA was extracted from the lsa(E)-positive strains and transferred to S. aureus RN4220 for selection of resistance plasmids. The plasmid-borne lsa(E) gene region was sequenced and 10 overlapping PCR assays for the analysis of the genetic environment of lsa(E) were developed. RESULTS All 70 MRSA isolates were ST9 (MLST)-t899 (spa)-IVa (SCCmec). Sixteen isolates carried the lsa(E) gene; all others were negative for known pleuromutilin resistance mechanisms. An lsa(E)-carrying plasmid of ∼41 kb was detected in a single isolate. Sequence analysis revealed that the lsa(E) gene was located in a multiresistance gene cluster, which showed partial homology to clusters identified in MRSA, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and Enterococcus faecalis. PCR analysis of the remaining isolates revealed a partly deleted multiresistance gene cluster in 6/15 isolates and solely the lsa(E) gene without the known flanking regions in 9/15 isolates. CONCLUSIONS We identified the pleuromutilin-lincosamide-streptogramin A resistance gene lsa(E) in porcine MRSA isolates. The multiresistance gene cluster in which lsa(E) was located differed from the previously described ones found in human MRSA/MSSA or in E. faecalis. The location of lsa(E) on a multiresistance plasmid facilitates its persistence and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
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Wendlandt S, Lozano C, Kadlec K, Gómez-Sanz E, Zarazaga M, Torres C, Schwarz S. The enterococcal ABC transporter gene lsa(E) confers combined resistance to lincosamides, pleuromutilins and streptogramin A antibiotics in methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:473-5. [PMID: 23047809 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
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Hansen LH, Planellas MH, Long KS, Vester B. The order Bacillales hosts functional homologs of the worrisome cfr antibiotic resistance gene. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56:3563-7. [PMID: 22547628 PMCID: PMC3393444 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00673-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cfr gene encodes the Cfr methyltransferase that methylates a single adenine in the peptidyl transferase region of bacterial ribosomes. The methylation provides resistance to several classes of antibiotics that include drugs of clinical and veterinary importance. This paper describes a first step toward elucidating natural residences of the worrisome cfr gene and functionally similar genes. Three cfr-like genes from the order Bacillales were identified from BLAST searches and cloned into plasmids under the control of an inducible promoter. Expression of the genes was induced in Escherichia coli, and MICs for selected antibiotics indicate that the cfr-like genes confer resistance to PhLOPSa (phenicol, lincosamide, oxazolidinone, pleuromutilin, and streptogramin A) antibiotics in the same way as the cfr gene. In addition, modification at A2503 on 23S rRNA was confirmed by primer extension. Finally, expression of the Cfr-like proteins was verified by SDS gel electrophoresis of whole-cell extracts. The work shows that cfr-like genes exist in the environment and that Bacillales are natural residences of cfr-like genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lykke H. Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Mercè H. Planellas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Katherine S. Long
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability and Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Birte Vester
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
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Sakar H, Mumcuoğlu I, Aksu N, Karahan ZC, Kurşun S, Kuştimur S. [The rare genes related to resistance to macrolide-lincosamide and streptogramin B group antibiotics among coagulase-negative staphylococci]. MIKROBIYOL BUL 2012; 46:170-179. [PMID: 22639306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) group antibiotics are recommended as first choice in the treatment of staphylococcal infections. All of those drugs bind to the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, thus cross-resistance is a major concern in this group of drugs. The mechanisms associated to resistance are (a) ribosomal methylation due to the methylases encoded by erm genes, (b) active drug efflux due to msrA, msrB, vga, vgb gene activity, (c) enzymatic inactivation of the drug due to the activity of linA, vat, vatB genes. While the most common resistance genes are ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA and msrB genes; linA, vga, vgb, vat and vatB genes have also been found in some studies. In this study it was aimed to investigate the presence of the rare MLSB resistance genes and their coexistence with erm and msr genes in 454 clinical isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). Of them 46.5% (n= 211) were S.hominis, 30.8% (n= 140) were S.epidermidis, 12.1% (n= 55) were S.haemolyticus, 3.5% (n= 16) were S.warnerii and 7% (n= 32) were the other coagulase-negative staphylococcal species. Resistance phenotypes were determined by using D-test method according to the recommendation of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). With the D-test 107 (23.6%) strains were determined as M phenotype (resistant to erythromycin and inducible clindamycin resistance was not detected), 92 (20.3%) were iMLSB phenotype (inducible clindamycin resistance was detected by the D-test) and 110 (24.2%) were cMLSB phenotype (constitutive erythromycin and clindamycin resistance was detected). linA, vga, vgb, vat, vatB, ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA, msrB genes were investigated by polymerase chain reaction in all strains showing iMLSB (n= 92) and cMLSB (n= 110) phenotypes and 46 randomly selected strains among 107 strains exhibiting the M phenotype. linA gene was found in 91 (20%) strains as single gene or in combination with erm or msr genes, and vga gene was found in 19 (4.2%) strains. linA gene was found in 52% of iMLSB phenotype, in 26% of cMLSB phenotype and 13% of M phenotype while vga gene was found in 5.4% of iMLSB phenotype, in 12% of cMLSB phenotype and in 0.9% of M phenotype. The most common resistance gene among iMLSB and cMLSB phenotypes was ermC (32.6% and 42.7%, respectively), followed by ermC + linA gene combination (31.5% and 14.5%, respectively). The most frequent gene combination was msrA and msrB in M phenotype (34.8%) and it was followed by a combination of msrA + msrB + linA genes (19.1%). None of the strains revealed presence of vgb, vat and vatB genes. There were no previous reports about the rarely detected resistance genes against MLSB antibiotics in our country. This was the first study which reported the frequency of linA, vga, vgb, vat and vatB genes in MLSB resistant CNS. In conclusion, since linA and vga genes were detected in high frequency in MLSB resistant CNS in this study, it was thought that the investigation of these genes should be included in the further related epidemiologic gene research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Havva Sakar
- Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey
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Campelo FA, Pedrosa AC, Antúnez IÁ, Capuz BL. [Phenotypes and mechanisms of resistance to macrolides and lincosamides in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates with clinical significance in an eight-year period (2002-2010)]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2012; 25:42-46. [PMID: 22488541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Streptococcus agalactiae is the most prevalent agent of invasive disease in the newborn (sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis), as well as an important cause of puerperal fever, urinary tract infection and surgical site infection. The aim of our study was to know the evolution of macrolide and lincosamide resistance in this microorganism. METHODS Resistance phenotypes were established according to the erythromycin-clindamycin induction test: M (efflux pump) or MLSB (methylase). Genetic mechanisms were detected by PCR for the following genes: ermB, ermA, ermTR, and mefA/E. Molecular typing was based on chromosomal DNA macrorestriction and detection of fragments using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. RESULTS During 8 years, 300 isolates of S. agalactiae were recovered. Seventy-eight (26%) were resistant to macrolides, and seventy (23%) were resistant to lincosamides. Constitutive MLSB was observed in 21% of the isolates (all but one carrying the ermB gene), with a erythromycin MIC90 ≥ 256 mg/L. Inducible MLSB was observed in 2.3% of the isolates (all carrying the ermTR gene), with a MIC90 of 6 mg/L. M phenotype was observed in 2.7% of the isolates (all carrying the mefA/E gene), with a MIC90 of 6 mg/L. Molecular typing revealed the presence of two major clones (A and B) comprising 56.6% of the isolates. Most of the isolates (90.5%) belonging to clon A carried the ermB gene. CONCLUSIONS Macrolide resistance in our area is similar to that observed in the rest of Spain, but there has been no increase in the incidence rate along the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Artiles Campelo
- Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Barranco de la Ballena, s/n. 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
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Schwendener S, Perreten V. New transposon Tn6133 in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 contains vga(E), a novel streptogramin A, pleuromutilin, and lincosamide resistance gene. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:4900-4. [PMID: 21768510 PMCID: PMC3187003 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00528-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel streptogramin A, pleuromutilin, and lincosamide resistance determinant, Vga(E), was identified in porcine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST398. The vga(E) gene encoded a 524-amino-acid protein belonging to the ABC transporter family. It was found on a multidrug resistance-conferring transposon, Tn6133, which was comprised of Tn554 with a stably integrated 4,787-bp DNA sequence harboring vga(E). Detection of Tn6133 in several porcine MRSA ST398 isolates and its ability to circularize suggest a potential for dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent Perreten
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Kadlec K, Brenner Michael G, Sweeney MT, Brzuszkiewicz E, Liesegang H, Daniel R, Watts JL, Schwarz S. Molecular basis of macrolide, triamilide, and lincosamide resistance in Pasteurella multocida from bovine respiratory disease. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:2475-7. [PMID: 21402855 PMCID: PMC3088232 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00092-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of macrolide-triamilide resistance in Pasteurella multocida has been unknown. During whole-genome sequencing of a multiresistant bovine P. multocida isolate, three new resistance genes, the rRNA methylase gene erm(42), the macrolide transporter gene msr(E), and the macrolide phosphotransferase gene mph(E), were detected. The three genes were PCR amplified, cloned into suitable plasmid vectors, and shown to confer either macrolide-lincosamide resistance [erm(42)] or macrolide-triamilide resistance [msr(E)-mph(E)] in macrolide-susceptible Escherichia coli and P. multocida hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Kadlec
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Geovana Brenner Michael
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
- Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Elzbieta Brzuszkiewicz
- Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Heiko Liesegang
- Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
- Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Höltystr. 10, 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany. Phone: 49-5034-871-241. Fax: 49-5034-871-246. E-mail:
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Malbruny B, Werno AM, Murdoch DR, Leclercq R, Cattoir V. Cross-resistance to lincosamides, streptogramins A, and pleuromutilins due to the lsa(C) gene in Streptococcus agalactiae UCN70. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:1470-4. [PMID: 21245447 PMCID: PMC3067124 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01068-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae UCN70, isolated from a vaginal swab obtained in New Zealand, is resistant to lincosamides and streptogramins A (LS(A) phenotype) and also to tiamulin (a pleuromutilin). By whole-genome sequencing, we identified a 5,224-bp chromosomal extra-element that comprised a 1,479-bp open reading frame coding for an ABC protein (492 amino acids) 45% identical to Lsa(A), a protein related to intrinsic LS(A) resistance in Enterococcus faecalis. Expression of this novel gene, named lsa(C), in S. agalactiae BM132 after cloning led to an increase in MICs of lincomycin (0.06 to 4 μg/ml), clindamycin (0.03 to 2 μg/ml), dalfopristin (2 to >32 μg/ml), and tiamulin (0.12 to 32 μg/ml), whereas no change in MICs of erythromycin (0.06 μg/ml), azithromycin (0.03 μg/ml), spiramycin (0.25 μg/ml), telithromycin (0.03 μg/ml), and quinupristin (8 μg/ml) was observed. The phenotype was renamed the LS(A)P phenotype on the basis of cross-resistance to lincosamides, streptogramins A, and pleuromutilins. This gene was also identified in similar genetic environments in 17 other S. agalactiae clinical isolates from New Zealand exhibiting the same LS(A)P phenotype, whereas it was absent in susceptible S. agalactiae strains. Interestingly, this extra-element was bracketed by a 7-bp duplication of a target site (ATTAGAA), suggesting that this structure was likely a mobile genetic element. In conclusion, we identified a novel gene, lsa(C), responsible for the acquired LS(A)P resistance phenotype in S. agalactiae. Dissection of the biochemical basis of resistance, as well as demonstration of in vitro mobilization of lsa(C), remains to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Malbruny
- Service de Microbiologie and EA 2128, Relations Hôte et Microorganismes des Épithéliums, Hôpital Côte de Nacre, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, France, Microbiology Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories and University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Anja M. Werno
- Service de Microbiologie and EA 2128, Relations Hôte et Microorganismes des Épithéliums, Hôpital Côte de Nacre, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, France, Microbiology Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories and University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - David R. Murdoch
- Service de Microbiologie and EA 2128, Relations Hôte et Microorganismes des Épithéliums, Hôpital Côte de Nacre, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, France, Microbiology Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories and University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Roland Leclercq
- Service de Microbiologie and EA 2128, Relations Hôte et Microorganismes des Épithéliums, Hôpital Côte de Nacre, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, France, Microbiology Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories and University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Vincent Cattoir
- Service de Microbiologie and EA 2128, Relations Hôte et Microorganismes des Épithéliums, Hôpital Côte de Nacre, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, France, Microbiology Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories and University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Ho PL, Lai EL, Chan MY, Chow KH. Distinctive patterns of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin resistance phenotypes and determinants amongst Staphylococcus aureus populations in Hong Kong. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2010; 37:181-2. [PMID: 21163633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kadlec K, Pomba CF, Couto N, Schwarz S. Small plasmids carrying vga(A) or vga(C) genes mediate resistance to lincosamides, pleuromutilins and streptogramin A antibiotics in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 from swine. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010; 65:2692-3. [PMID: 20876620 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkq365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
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Chen LP, Cai XW, Wang XR, Zhou XL, Wu DF, Xu XJ, Chen HC. Characterization of plasmid-mediated lincosamide resistance in a field isolate of Haemophilus parasuis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010; 65:2256-8. [PMID: 20699244 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkq304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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