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Ianiro G, Pavoni E, De Sabato L, Monini M, Delibato E, Perrone V, Ostanello F, Niine T, Di Bartolo I. Investigation of Salmonella, hepatitis E virus (HEV) and viral indicators of fecal contamination in four Italian pig slaughterhouses, 2021-2022. Res Vet Sci 2024; 171:105209. [PMID: 38460205 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
In the pork production chain, the control at slaughterhouse aims to ensure safe food thanks to proper hygienic conditions during all steps of the slaughtering. Salmonella is one of the main foodborne pathogens in the EU causing a great number of human cases, and pigs also contribute to its spreading. Pig is the main reservoir of the zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) that can be present in liver, bile, feces and even rarely in blood and muscle. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of both Salmonella and HEV in several points of the slaughtering chain, including pig trucks. Other viruses hosted in the gut flora of pigs and shed in feces were also assayed (porcine adenovirus PAdV, rotavirus, norovirus, and mammalian orthoreovirus MRV). Torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) present in both feces, liver and blood was also considered. Four Italian pig abattoirs were sampled in 12 critical points, 5 of which were the outer surface of carcasses before processing. HEV and rotavirus (RVA) were not detected. Norovirus was detected once. Salmonella was detected in two of the 4 abattoirs: in the two lairage pens, in the site of evisceration and on one carcass, indicating the presence of Salmonella if carcass is improper handled. The sampling sites positive for Salmonella were also positive for PAdV. MRV was detected in 10 swabs, from only two abattoirs, mainly in outer surface of carcasses. TTSuV was also detected in all abattoirs. Our study has revealed a diverse group of viruses, each serving as indicator of either fecal (NoV, RVA, PAdV, MRV) or blood contamination (TTSuV). TTSuV could be relevant as blood contamination indicators, crucial for viruses with a viremic stage, such as HEV. The simultaneous presence of PAdV with Salmonella is relevant, suggesting PAdV as a promising indicator for fecal contamination for both bacterial and viruses. In conclusion, even in the absence of HEV, the widespread presence of Salmonella at various points in the chain, underscores the need for vigilant monitoring and mitigation strategies which could be achieved by testing not only bacteria indicators as expected by current regulation, but also some viruses (PAdV, TTSuV, MRV) which could represent other sources of fecal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ianiro
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Pavoni
- Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna "Bruno Ubertini" (IZSLER), Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca De Sabato
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Monini
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Delibato
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Ostanello
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy.
| | - Tarmo Niine
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ilaria Di Bartolo
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Azinheiro S, Roumani F, Costa-Ribeiro A, Prado M, Garrido-Maestu A. Application of MinION sequencing as a tool for the rapid detection and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes in smoked salmon. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:931810. [PMID: 36033887 PMCID: PMC9399719 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.931810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial pathogens may be present in different types of foods, and hence the development of novel methods to assure consumers' safeness is of great interest. Molecular methods are known to provide sensitive and rapid results; however, they are typically targeted approaches. In recent years, the advent of non-targeted approaches based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a rational way to proceed. This technology allows for the detection of several pathogens simultaneously. Furthermore, with the same set of data, it is possible to characterize the microorganisms in terms of serotype, virulence, and/ or resistance genes, among other molecular features. In the current study, a novel method for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes based on the "quasimetagenomics" approach was developed. Different enrichment media and immunomagnetic separation (IMS) strategies were compared to determine the best approach in terms of L. monocytogenes sequences generated from smoked salmon samples. Finally, the data generated were analyzed with a user-friendly workflow that simultaneously provided the species identification, serotype, and antimicrobial resistance genes. The new method was thoroughly evaluated against a culture-based approach, using smoked salmon inoculated with L. monocytogenes as the matrix of choice. The sequencing method reached a very low limit of detection (LOD50, 1.2 CFU/ 25 g) along with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity (100%), and a perfect correlation with the culture-based method (Cohen's k = 1.00). Overall, the proposed method overcomes all the major limitations reported for the implementation of NGS as a routine food testing technology and paves the way for future developments taking its advantage into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Azinheiro
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Foteini Roumani
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ana Costa-Ribeiro
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta Prado
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Alejandro Garrido-Maestu
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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3
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In-House Validation of Multiplex PCR for Simultaneous Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. in Raw Meats. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111557. [PMID: 35681308 PMCID: PMC9180326 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to perform in-house validation of the developed multiplex PCR (mPCR)-based alternative method to detect Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) and Salmonella spp. in raw meats following the ISO 16140-2: 2016. A comparative study of the developed mPCR against the Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) method was evaluated for inclusivity and exclusivity, sensitivity and the relative level of detection (RLOD). Inclusivity levels for each target bacterium were all 100%, while exclusivity for non-target bacteria was 100%. The sensitivity of the developed mPCR was calculated based on the analysis of 72 samples of raw meat. The sensitivity of the developed mPCR was 100%. The RLOD values of the developed mPCR for STEC, L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were 0.756, 1.170 and 1.000, respectively. The developed mPCR showed potential as a tool for the fast, specific and sensitive detection of the three bacteria in the raw meat industry
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Modernization of Control of Pathogenic Micro-Organisms in the Food-Chain Requires a Durable Role for Immunoaffinity-Based Detection Methodology-A Review. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040832. [PMID: 33920486 PMCID: PMC8069916 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Food microbiology is deluged by a vastly growing plethora of analytical methods. This review endeavors to color the context into which methodology has to fit and underlines the importance of sampling and sample treatment. The context is that the highest risk of food contamination is through the animal and human fecal route with a majority of foodborne infections originating from sources in mass and domestic kitchens at the end of the food-chain. Containment requires easy-to-use, failsafe, single-use tests giving an overall risk score in situ. Conversely, progressive food-safety systems are relying increasingly on early assessment of batches and groups involving risk-based sampling, monitoring environment and herd/flock health status, and (historic) food-chain information. Accordingly, responsible field laboratories prefer specificity, multi-analyte, and high-throughput procedures. Under certain etiological and epidemiological circumstances, indirect antigen immunoaffinity assays outperform the diagnostic sensitivity and diagnostic specificity of e.g., nucleic acid sequence-based assays. The current bulk of testing involves therefore ante- and post-mortem probing of humoral response to several pathogens. In this review, the inclusion of immunoglobulins against additional invasive micro-organisms indicating the level of hygiene and ergo public health risks in tests is advocated. Immunomagnetic separation, immunochromatography, immunosensor, microsphere array, lab-on-a-chip/disc platforms increasingly in combination with nanotechnologies, are discussed. The heuristic development of portable and ambulant microfluidic devices is intriguing and promising. Tant pis, many new platforms seem unattainable as the industry standard. Comparability of results with those of reference methods hinders the implementation of new technologies. Whatever the scientific and technological excellence and incentives, the decision-maker determines this implementation after weighing mainly costs and business risks.
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Lin L, Zheng Q, Lin J, Yuk HG, Guo L. Immuno- and nucleic acid-based current technique for Salmonella detection in food. Eur Food Res Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-019-03423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Pala C, Tedde T, Salza S, Uda MT, Lollai S, Carboni V, Fadda A, Marongiu E, Virgilio S. Epidemiological survey on the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in the Sardinian pig production chain, using real-time PCR screening method. Ital J Food Saf 2019; 8:7843. [PMID: 31355154 PMCID: PMC6615067 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2019.7843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in the Sardinian pig production chain in order to establish the incidence of monophasic serovariant of Salmonella Typhimurium on isolates with molecular methods (real-time PCR and multiplex PCR). Samples were collected in three EC slaughterhouses, four small slaughterhouses annexed to farmhouses, one meat distribution center, four meat cutting laboratories and four sausage processing plants. A total of 166 samples were collected and analyzed: 46 environmental samples, 48 finishing pigs, 16 piglets, 24 samples of non-processed meat, 28 meat preparations and 4 meat products. All samples were processed with an initial screening using the real-time PCR MicroSEQ® Salmonella spp detection Kit (Applied biosystems, life technologies) and with the TaqMan® Real-time PCR to confirm the kit results. Samples that tested positive for Salmonella spp were confirmed with cultural method using the standard ISO 6579. Positive samples were submitted to phenotypic identification. One colony from each positive sample was serotyped with multiplex PCR method. Salmonella spp was isolated in 7 on 166 samples (4.22 %). Among the positive samples, two came from finishing pigs, two belonged to the category meat preparations, two to meat products, one was an environmental sample. Multiplex PCR confirmed that the collected strains belonged to the species Salmonella Typhimurium (1), Salmonella derby (3) and monophasic serovariant of Salmonella Typhimurium (3).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stefano Lollai
- Department Animal Health, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sardinia, Sassari, Italy
| | - Vittoria Carboni
- Department Animal Health, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sardinia, Sassari, Italy
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7
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Fletcher B, Mullane K, Platts P, Todd E, Power A, Roberts J, Chapman J, Cozzolino D, Chandra S. Advances in meat spoilage detection: A short focus on rapid methods and technologies. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2018.1525432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Fletcher
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton North, QLD, Australia
| | - Keegan Mullane
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton North, QLD, Australia
| | - Phoebe Platts
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton North, QLD, Australia
| | - Ethan Todd
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton North, QLD, Australia
| | - Aoife Power
- Agri-Chemistry Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton North, QLD, Australia
| | - Jessica Roberts
- Agri-Chemistry Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton North, QLD, Australia
| | - James Chapman
- Agri-Chemistry Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton North, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton North, QLD, Australia
| | - Shaneel Chandra
- Agri-Chemistry Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton North, QLD, Australia
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Agrimonti C, Sanangelantoni AM, Marmiroli N. Simultaneous enumeration of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica genome equivalents by melting curve analysis following duplex real time PCR in the presence of SYBR Green. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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9
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Bonardi S, Bruini I, Bolzoni L, Cozzolino P, Pierantoni M, Brindani F, Bellotti P, Renzi M, Pongolini S. Assessment of Salmonella survival in dry-cured Italian salami. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 262:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Dmitric M, Vidanovic D, Matovic K, Sekler M, Saric L, Arsic M, Karabasil N. In‐house validation of real‐time PCR methods for detecting the
INV A
and
TTR
genes of
Salmonella
spp. in food. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Dmitric
- Department for Testing Raw Materials of Animal Origin, Food and Water, Veterinary Specialized Institute Kraljevo, Zicka 34 36000 Kraljevo Serbia
| | - Dejan Vidanovic
- Department for Laboratory DiagnosticVeterinary Specialized Institute Kraljevo Zicka 34, 36000 Kraljevo Serbia
| | - Kazimir Matovic
- Department for Laboratory DiagnosticVeterinary Specialized Institute Kraljevo Zicka 34, 36000 Kraljevo Serbia
| | - Milanko Sekler
- Department for Laboratory DiagnosticVeterinary Specialized Institute Kraljevo Zicka 34, 36000 Kraljevo Serbia
| | - Ljubisa Saric
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi SadBulevar cara Lazara 1 21000 Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Milos Arsic
- Service for Laboratory Testing of FoodVeterinary Specialized Institute Nis, Naselje Milka Protic 18106 Nis Serbia
| | - Nedjeljko Karabasil
- Department of Food Hygiene and TechnologyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar oslobodjenja 18 11000 Belgrade Serbia
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Boskovic M, Djordjevic J, Ivanovic J, Janjic J, Zdravkovic N, Glisic M, Glamoclija N, Baltic B, Djordjevic V, Baltic M. Inhibition of Salmonella by thyme essential oil and its effect on microbiological and sensory properties of minced pork meat packaged under vacuum and modified atmosphere. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 258:58-67. [PMID: 28759796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The antibacterial activity of thyme essential oil (TEO) was evaluated against four serovars of Salmonella (S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Montevideo and S. Infantis), experimentally inoculated (106CFU/g) in minced pork, which was treated with different concentrations of the TEO (0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9%) packaged under vacuum or MAP (30%O2/50%CO2/20% N2) and stored at 3±1°C for 15days. GC-MS analysis of the TEO was performed in order to determine composition, and the predominant constituent was thymol (50.48%), followed by p-cymene and linalool. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined for each Salmonella serovar studied. Among the tested active compounds, thymol and carvacrol exhibited the greatest inhibitory effect followed by TEO, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 320 to 640μg/ml. S. Enteritidis was the most sensitive serovar. During the storage period, Salmonella counts in pork were reduced by 1.69-4.05logCFU/g. The influence of TEO on Enterobacteriaceae, lactic acid bacteria and total viable count was determined in control mince with no added Salmonella. The most pronounced antibacterial effect was achieved by the combination MAP and 0.9% TEO. Although the antibacterial activities of all studied concentrations of TEO in pork were evident and significant (P<0.05), sensory analysis showed that 0.3% TEO was the most acceptable to trained panellists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Boskovic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jasna Djordjevic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Ivanovic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Janjic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Zdravkovic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Glisic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Glamoclija
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branislav Baltic
- Institute for Meat Hygiene and Technology, Kacanskog 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Djordjevic
- Institute for Meat Hygiene and Technology, Kacanskog 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Baltic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Fabiani L, Pucci E, Delibato E, Volpe G, Piermarini S, De Medici D, Capuano F, Palleschi G. ELIME assay vs Real-Time PCR and conventional culture method for an effective detection of Salmonella in fresh leafy green vegetables. Talanta 2017; 166:321-327. [PMID: 28213241 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The detection of Salmonella according to EC regulation is still primarily based on traditional microbiological culture methods that may take several days to be completed. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the applicability of an Enzyme-Linked-Immuno-Magnetic-Electrochemical (ELIME) assay, recently developed by our research group for the detection of salmonella in irrigation water, in fresh (raw and ready-to-eat) leafy green vegetables by comparison with Real-Time PCR (RTi-PCR) and ISO culture methods. Since vegetables represent a more complex matrix than irrigation water, preliminary experiments were carried out on two leafy green vegetables that resulted negative for salmonella by the ISO method. 25g of these samples were experimentally inoculated with 1-10 CFU of S. Napoli or S. Thompson and pre-enriched for 20h in two different broths. At this time aliquots were taken, concentrated at different levels by centrifugation, and analyzed by ELIME and RTi-PCR. Once selected the best culture medium for salmonella growth, and the optimal concentration factor suitable to reduce the sample matrix effect, enhancing the out-put signal, several raw and ready-to-eat leafy green vegetables were artificially inoculated and pre-enriched. Aliquots were then taken at different incubation times and analyzed with both techniques. Results obtained showed that 20 and 8h of pre-enrichment were required to allow the target salmonella (1-10 CFU/25g) to multiply until reaching a detectable concentration by ELIME and RTi-PCR assays, respectively. A confirmation with the ISO culture method was carried out. Based on the available literature, this is the first report of the application of an ELISA based method for the detection of Salmonella in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fabiani
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, "Tor Vergata" University, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - E Pucci
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - E Delibato
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
| | - G Volpe
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, "Tor Vergata" University, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy.
| | - S Piermarini
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, "Tor Vergata" University, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - D De Medici
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - F Capuano
- Department of Food Inspection, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via della Salute 2, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - G Palleschi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, "Tor Vergata" University, via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
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Sextuplex PCR combined with immunomagnetic separation and PMA treatment for rapid detection and specific identification of viable Salmonella spp., Salmonella enterica serovars Paratyphi B, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Enteritidis in raw meat. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Zwietering MH, den Besten HMW. Microbial testing in food safety: effect of specificity and sensitivity on sampling plans—how does the OC curve move. Curr Opin Food Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Validation of a Loop-Mediated Amplification/ISO 6579-Based Method for Analysing Soya Meal for the Presence of Salmonella enterica. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Molecular Diagnostic Assays for the Detection and Control of Zoonotic Diseases. Mol Microbiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1128/9781555819071.ch23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Garrido-Maestu A, Chapela MJ, Peñaranda E, Cabado AG. Re-evaluation of Enhanced qPCR Prevalidated Method for Next-day Detection ofSalmonellaspp.,Shigellaspp.,Escherichia coliO157 andListeria monocytogenes. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2015.1091977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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18
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Volpe G, Delibato E, Fabiani L, Pucci E, Piermarini S, D'Angelo A, Capuano F, De Medici D, Palleschi G. Development and evaluation of an ELIME assay to reveal the presence of Salmonella in irrigation water: Comparison with Real-Time PCR and the Standard Culture Method. Talanta 2015; 149:202-210. [PMID: 26717832 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A reliable, low-cost and easy-to-use ELIME (Enzyme-Linked-Immuno-Magnetic-Electrochemical) assay for detection of Salmonella enterica in irrigation water is presented. Magnetic beads (MBs), coupled to a strip of eight-magnetized screen-printed electrodes localized at the bottom of eight wells (8-well/SPE strip), effectively supported a sandwich immunological chain. Enzymatic by-product is quickly measured by chronoamperometry, using a portable instrument. With the goal of developing a method able to detect a wide range of Salmonella serotypes, including S. Napoli and S. Thompson strains responsible for various community alerts, different kinds of MBs, antibodies and blocking agents were tested. The final system employs MBs coated with a broad reactivity monoclonal antibody anti-salmonella and blocked with dry milk. For a simple and rapid assay these two steps were performed in a preliminary phase, while the two sequential incubations for the immuno-recognition events were merged in a single step of 1h. In parallel a Real-Time PCR (RTi-PCR) method, based on a specific locked nucleic acid (LNA) fluorescent probe and an internal amplification control (IAC), was carried out. The selectivity of the ELIME and RTi-PCR assays was proved by inclusivity and exclusivity tests performed analyzing different Salmonella serotypes and non-target microorganisms, most commonly isolated from environmental sources. Furthermore, both methods were applied to experimentally and not experimentally contaminated irrigation water samples. Results confirmed by the ISO culture method, demonstrated the effectiveness of ELIME and RTi-PCR assays to detect a low number of salmonella cells (1-10 CFU/L) reducing drastically the long analysis time usually required to reveal this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Volpe
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, "Tor Vergata" University, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy.
| | - E Delibato
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
| | - L Fabiani
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, "Tor Vergata" University, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - E Pucci
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - S Piermarini
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, "Tor Vergata" University, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
| | - A D'Angelo
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - F Capuano
- Department of Food Inspection, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via della Salute 2, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - D De Medici
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - G Palleschi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, "Tor Vergata" University, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
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19
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Fachmann M, Josefsen M, Hoorfar J, Nielsen M, Löfström C. Cost-effective optimization of real-time PCR-based detection of Campylobacter
and Salmonella
with inhibitor tolerant DNA polymerases. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 119:1391-402. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.S.R. Fachmann
- Division of Microbiology and Production; National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Søborg Denmark
| | - M.H. Josefsen
- Division of Microbiology and Production; National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Søborg Denmark
| | - J. Hoorfar
- Division of Microbiology and Production; National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Søborg Denmark
| | - M.T. Nielsen
- Division of Microbiology and Production; National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Søborg Denmark
| | - C. Löfström
- Division of Microbiology and Production; National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Søborg Denmark
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20
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Tian Q, Yu B, Mu Y, Xu Y, Ma C, Zhang T, Jin W, Jin Q. An integrated temporary negative pressure assisted microfluidic chip for DNA isolation and digital PCR detection. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18166f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An integrated DNA purification and digital PCR (dPCR) detection microfluidic chip was developed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchang Tian
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation
- Institute of Cyber Systems and Control
- State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
| | - Baodong Yu
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Mu
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation
- Institute of Cyber Systems and Control
- State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
| | - Yanan Xu
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation
- Institute of Cyber Systems and Control
- State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
| | - Congcong Ma
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation
- Institute of Cyber Systems and Control
- State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
| | - Tao Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation
- Institute of Cyber Systems and Control
- State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
| | - Wei Jin
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation
- Institute of Cyber Systems and Control
- State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
| | - Qinhan Jin
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation
- Institute of Cyber Systems and Control
- State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
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21
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Garrido-Maestu A, Chapela MJ, Vieites JM, Cabado AG. Application of real-time PCR to detect Listeria monocytogenes in a mussel processing industry: Impact on control. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Rodriguez-Lazaro D, Gonzalez-García P, Delibato E, De Medici D, García-Gimeno RM, Valero A, Hernandez M. Next day Salmonella spp. detection method based on real-time PCR for meat, dairy and vegetable food products. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 184:113-20. [PMID: 24713474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The microbiological standard for detection of Salmonella relies on several cultural steps and requires more than 5 days for final confirmation, and as consequence there is a need for an alternative rapid methodology for its detection. The aim of this study was to compare different detection strategies based on real-time PCR for a rapid and sensitive detection in an ample range of food products: raw pork and poultry meat, ready to eat lettuce salad and raw sheep milk cured cheese. Three main parameters were evaluated to reduce the time and cost for final results: the initial sample size (25 and 50 g), the incubation times (6, 10 and 18 h) and the bacterial DNA extraction (simple boiling of the culture after washing the bacterial pellet, the use of the Chelex resin, and a commercial silica column). The results obtained demonstrate that a combination of an incubation in buffered peptone water for 18 h of a 25 g-sample coupled to a DNA extraction by boiling and a real-time PCR assay detected down to 2-4 Salmonella spp.CFU per sample in less than 21 h in different types of food products. This RTi-PCR-based method is fully compatible with the ISO standard, providing results more rapidly and cost-effectively. The results were confirmed in a large number of naturally contaminated food samples with at least the same analytical performance as the reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rodriguez-Lazaro
- Subdirección de Investigación y Tecnología, Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (ITACyL), Carretera de Burgos Km, 119 Valladolid, Spain; Microbiology Section, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bauñuelos s/n, 9001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Patricia Gonzalez-García
- Subdirección de Investigación y Tecnología, Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (ITACyL), Carretera de Burgos Km, 119 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elisabetta Delibato
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Veterinary Public Health and Food SafetyDepartment, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Dario De Medici
- Subdirección de Investigación y Tecnología, Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (ITACyL), Carretera de Burgos Km, 119 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria García-Gimeno
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Darwin 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Valero
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Darwin 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Hernandez
- Subdirección de Investigación y Tecnología, Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (ITACyL), Carretera de Burgos Km, 119 Valladolid, Spain
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