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Naficy A, Kuxhausen A, Seifert H, Hastie A, Leav B, Miller J, Anteyi K, Mwakingwe-Omari A. No immunological interference or concerns about safety when seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine is co-administered with a COVID-19 mRNA-1273 booster vaccine in adults: A randomized trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2327736. [PMID: 38513689 PMCID: PMC10962584 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2327736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess the safety and immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 COVID-19 booster vaccination when co-administered with an egg-based standard dose seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV). This was a phase 3, randomized, open-label study. Eligible adults aged ≥ 18 years were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive mRNA-1273 (50 µg) booster vaccination and QIV 2 weeks apart (Seq group) or concomitantly (Coad group). Primary objectives were non-inferiority of haemagglutinin inhibition (HI) and anti-Spike protein antibody responses in the Coad compared to Seq group. 497/498 participants were randomized and vaccinated in the Seq/Coad groups, respectively. The adjusted geometric mean titer/concentration ratios (95% confidence intervals) (Seq/Coad) for HI antibodies were 1.02 (0.89-1.18) for A/H1N1, 0.93 (0.82-1.05) for A/H3N2, 1.00 (0.89-1.14] for B/Victoria, and 1.04 (0.93-1.17) for B/Yamagata; and 0.98 (0.84-1.13) for anti-Spike antibodies, thus meeting the protocol-specified non-inferiority criteria. The most frequently reported adverse events in both groups were pain at the injection site and myalgia. The 2 groups were similar in terms of the overall frequency, intensity, and duration of adverse events. In conclusion, co-administration of mRNA-1273 booster vaccine with QIV in adults was immunologically non-inferior to sequential administration. Safety and reactogenicity profiles were similar in both groups (clinicaltrials.gov NCT05047770).
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Shahri MS, Sadeghi S, Hazegh Fetratjoo D, Hosseini H, Amin Ghobadi M, Afshani SM, Mirhassani R, Gohari K, Havasi F, Abdolghaffari A, Hedayatjoo B, Ghanei M. Immunogenicity and safety evaluation of a newly manufactured recombinant Baculovirus-Expressed quadrivalent influenza vaccine in adults 18 years old and Above: An Open-Label, phase III extension study. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112214. [PMID: 38823176 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
In the face of global health threats, there is a growing demand for vaccines that can be manufactured on a large scale within compressed timeline. This study responds to this imperative by delving into the evaluation of FluGuard, a novel recombinant influenza vaccine developed by Nivad Pharmed Salamat Company in Iran. Positioned as a phase 3 extension, the research aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of FluGuard in volunteers aged 18 and above. The study was conducted as a single-center, open-label clinical trial. All eligible volunteers received FluGuard (2021-2022 Formula) on day 0. Safety assessments occurred at days 1, 4, 7, 14, 28 and 42 post-vaccination. Immunogenicity was measured through seroconversion, seroprotection, and geometric mean titer fold increase in subgroups of 250 volunteers. Among the 4,260 volunteers were screened and assessed for eligibility, 1000 were enrolled. At day 28 post-vaccination, seroconversion rates for A/H1N1, A/H3N2, B/Yamagata, B/Victoria were 53.4 % [95 %CI: 46.7-60], 57.7 % [95 %CI: 51.1-64.3], 54.3 % [95 %CI: 47.7-60.9], and 36.2 % [95 %CI: 29.8-42.6], respectively in volunteers 18 years and above. The most common solicited adverse events were pain at the injection site, malaise, and headache. No suspected unexpected adverse events and adverse events of special interest occurred during the study period. Our findings suggested that FluGuard® exhibits a desirable safety profile and provides sufficient immunogenicity against influenza virus types A and B. However, extended studies are warranted to assess the long-term protective efficacy. Trial Registration: The study protocol was accepted by Iranian registry of clinical trial; https://www.irct.ir; IRCT20201104049265N2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Setayesh Sadeghi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Hosseini
- Clinical Trial Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Reihaneh Mirhassani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Nivad Pharmed Salamat, Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimiya Gohari
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forugh Havasi
- Nivad Pharmed Salamat, Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Keppeler S, Sanftenberg L, Sckopke P, Heithorst N, Dreischulte T, Roos M, Gensichen J. Depression and vaccination behavior in patients with chronic physical illness - A cross-sectional survey. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2024; 127:108355. [PMID: 38901067 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronically ill are vulnerable to vaccine preventable infections. Consequently, their vaccination behavior is highly relevant. Depressive comorbidities are frequent in these patients. Furthermore, these patients are mainly diagnosed, treated and vaccinated in primary care. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between depression and vaccination behavior (COVID-19 and influenza) in adult chronically ill primary care patients. METHODS In a cross-sectional survey, we examined depression (PHQ9), psychological antecedents of vaccinations (Confidence and Constraints), health care utilization, and vaccination status. Based on an effect model, descriptive statistics and mixed linear/logistic models were calculated. (German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00030042). RESULTS n = 795 patients were analyzed. Both psychological antecedents of vaccinations (Confidence and Constraints) mediated a negative association between depression and vaccination behavior, healthcare utilization mediated a positive association. The total effect of depression was negligible. CONCLUSIONS As the effects of vaccination readiness and healthcare utilization are opposing, different total effects depending on the study population are possible. Further studies are needed to investigate additional predictors of vaccination behavior. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS We suggest tackling vaccine acceptance in chronically ill through increasing confidence using communication-based interventions, for which primary care is the suitable setting. Constraints might be reduced by reminder and recall systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Keppeler
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Linda Sanftenberg
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Nadine Heithorst
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Dreischulte
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Roos
- General Practice, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Gensichen
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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4
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Zhang T, Han Y, Huang W, Wei H, Zhao Y, Shu L, Guo Y, Ye B, Zhou J, Liu J. Neutralizing antibody responses against contemporary and future influenza A(H3N2) viruses in paradoxical clades elicited by repeated and single vaccinations. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29743. [PMID: 38884419 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most effective measures to prevent seasonal influenza viruses, annual influenza vaccination is globally recommended. Nevertheless, evidence regarding the impact of repeated vaccination to contemporary and future influenza has been inconclusive. A total of 100 subjects singly or repeatedly immunized with influenza vaccines including 3C.2a1 or 3C.3a1 A(H3N2) during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 influenza season were recruited. We investigated neutralization antibody by microneutralization assay using four antigenically distinct A(H3N2) viruses circulating from 2018 to 2023, and tracked the dynamics of B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire for consecutive vaccinations. We found that vaccination elicited cross-reactive antibody responses against future emerging strains. Broader neutralizing antibodies to A(H3N2) viruses and more diverse BCR repertoires were observed in the repeated vaccination. Meanwhile, a higher frequency of BCR sequences shared among the repeated-vaccinated individuals with consistently boosting antibody response was found than those with a reduced antibody response. Our findings suggest that repeated seasonal vaccination could broaden the breadth of antibody responses, which may improve vaccine protection against future emerging viruses.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Adult
- Cross Reactions/immunology
- Male
- Female
- Vaccination
- Middle Aged
- Young Adult
- Neutralization Tests
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics
- Adolescent
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Bioresource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses (2018RU009), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Han
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses (2018RU009), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weijuan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hejiang Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yingze Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses (2018RU009), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liumei Shu
- Department of Health Care, Beijing Daxing District Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses (2018RU009), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Beiwei Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses (2018RU009), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfang Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Bioresource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses (2018RU009), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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Hulin-Curtis S, Geary JK, MacLachlan BJ, Altmann DM, Baillon L, Cole DK, Greenshields-Watson A, Hesketh SJ, Humphreys IR, Jones IM, Lauder SN, Mason GH, Smart K, Scourfield DO, Scott J, Sukhova K, Stanton RJ, Wall A, Rizkallah PJ, Barclay WS, Gallimore A, Godkin A. A targeted single mutation in influenza A virus universal epitope transforms immunogenicity and protective immunity via CD4 + T cell activation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114259. [PMID: 38819988 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cells are central to adaptive immunity. Their role in cross-protection in viral infections such as influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is well documented; however, molecular rules governing T cell receptor (TCR) engagement of peptide-human leukocyte antigen (pHLA) class II are less understood. Here, we exploit an aspect of HLA class II presentation, the peptide-flanking residues (PFRs), to "tune" CD4+ T cell responses within an in vivo model system of influenza. Using a recombinant virus containing targeted substitutions at immunodominant HLA-DR1 epitopes, we demonstrate limited weight loss and improved clinical scores after heterosubtypic re-challenge. We observe enhanced protection linked to lung-derived influenza-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells prior to re-infection. Structural analysis of the ternary TCR:pHLA complex identifies that flanking amino acids influence side chains in the core 9-mer peptide, increasing TCR affinity. Augmentation of CD4+ T cell immunity is achievable with a single mutation, representing a strategy to enhance adaptive immunity that is decoupled from vaccine modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hulin-Curtis
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - James K Geary
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Bruce J MacLachlan
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Danny M Altmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Laury Baillon
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - David K Cole
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Alex Greenshields-Watson
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3LB, UK
| | - Sophie J Hesketh
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Ian R Humphreys
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Ian M Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
| | - Sarah N Lauder
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Georgina H Mason
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Kathryn Smart
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - D Oliver Scourfield
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Jake Scott
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Ksenia Sukhova
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Richard J Stanton
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Aaron Wall
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Pierre J Rizkallah
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Wendy S Barclay
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Awen Gallimore
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Andrew Godkin
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
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6
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Li Z, Duan Y, Yu Y, Su Y, Zhang M, Gao Y, Jiang L, Zhang H, Lian X, Zhu X, Ke J, Peng Q, Chen X. Sodium Polyoxotungstate Inhibits the Replication of Influenza Virus by Blocking the Nuclear Import of vRNP. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1017. [PMID: 38792846 PMCID: PMC11124062 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Both pandemic and seasonal influenza are major health concerns, causing significant mortality and morbidity. Current influenza drugs primarily target viral neuraminidase and RNA polymerase, which are prone to drug resistance. Polyoxometalates (POMs) are metal cation clusters bridged by oxide anions. They have exhibited potent anti-tumor, antiviral, and antibacterial effects. They have remarkable activity against various DNA and RNA viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, dengue virus, and influenza virus. In this study, we have identified sodium polyoxotungstate (POM-1) from an ion channel inhibitor library. In vitro, POM-1 has been demonstrated to have potent antiviral activity against H1N1, H3N2, and oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 strains. POM-1 can cause virion aggregation during adsorption, as well as endocytosis. However, the aggregation is reversible; it does not interfere with virus adsorption and endocytosis. Our results suggest that POM-1 exerts its antiviral activity by inhibiting the nuclear import of viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP). This distinct mechanism of action, combined with its wide range of efficacy, positions POM-1 as a promising therapeutic candidate for influenza treatment and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xulin Chen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Z.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.Y.); (Y.S.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.K.); (Q.P.)
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7
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Owusu D, Ndegwa LK, Ayugi J, Kinuthia P, Kalani R, Okeyo M, Otieno NA, Kikwai G, Juma B, Munyua P, Kuria F, Okunga E, Moen AC, Emukule GO. Use of Sentinel Surveillance Platforms for Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 Activity: Evidence From Analysis of Kenya Influenza Sentinel Surveillance Data. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e50799. [PMID: 38526537 PMCID: PMC11002741 DOI: 10.2196/50799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the cocirculation of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic and the use of respiratory disease sentinel surveillance platforms for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 activity in sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe influenza and SARS-CoV-2 cocirculation in Kenya and how the SARS-CoV-2 data from influenza sentinel surveillance correlated with that of universal national surveillance. METHODS From April 2020 to March 2022, we enrolled 7349 patients with severe acute respiratory illness or influenza-like illness at 8 sentinel influenza surveillance sites in Kenya and collected demographic, clinical, underlying medical condition, vaccination, and exposure information, as well as respiratory specimens, from them. Respiratory specimens were tested for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The universal national-level SARS-CoV-2 data were also obtained from the Kenya Ministry of Health. The universal national-level SARS-CoV-2 data were collected from all health facilities nationally, border entry points, and contact tracing in Kenya. Epidemic curves and Pearson r were used to describe the correlation between SARS-CoV-2 positivity in data from the 8 influenza sentinel sites in Kenya and that of the universal national SARS-CoV-2 surveillance data. A logistic regression model was used to assess the association between influenza and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection with severe clinical illness. We defined severe clinical illness as any of oxygen saturation <90%, in-hospital death, admission to intensive care unit or high dependence unit, mechanical ventilation, or a report of any danger sign (ie, inability to drink or eat, severe vomiting, grunting, stridor, or unconsciousness in children younger than 5 years) among patients with severe acute respiratory illness. RESULTS Of the 7349 patients from the influenza sentinel surveillance sites, 76.3% (n=5606) were younger than 5 years. We detected any influenza (A or B) in 8.7% (629/7224), SARS-CoV-2 in 10.7% (768/7199), and coinfection in 0.9% (63/7165) of samples tested. Although the number of samples tested for SARS-CoV-2 from the sentinel surveillance was only 0.2% (60 per week vs 36,000 per week) of the number tested in the universal national surveillance, SARS-CoV-2 positivity in the sentinel surveillance data significantly correlated with that of the universal national surveillance (Pearson r=0.58; P<.001). The adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of clinical severe illness among participants with coinfection were similar to those of patients with influenza only (aOR 0.91, 95% CI 0.47-1.79) and SARS-CoV-2 only (aOR 0.92, 95% CI 0.47-1.82). CONCLUSIONS Influenza substantially cocirculated with SARS-CoV-2 in Kenya. We found a significant correlation of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in the data from 8 influenza sentinel surveillance sites with that of the universal national SARS-CoV-2 surveillance data. Our findings indicate that the influenza sentinel surveillance system can be used as a sustainable platform for monitoring respiratory pathogens of pandemic potential or public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Owusu
- Influenza Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Linus K Ndegwa
- Global Influenza Branch, Influenza Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jorim Ayugi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | | | - Rosalia Kalani
- Disease Surveillance and Response Unit, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mary Okeyo
- National Influenza Centre Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nancy A Otieno
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Gilbert Kikwai
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Bonventure Juma
- Global Influenza Branch, Influenza Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peninah Munyua
- Global Influenza Branch, Influenza Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Francis Kuria
- Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Emmanuel Okunga
- Disease Surveillance and Response Unit, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ann C Moen
- Influenza Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Gideon O Emukule
- Global Influenza Branch, Influenza Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
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8
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Ma J, Chen L, Tang S, Shi Y. Efficacy and safety of respiratory syncytial virus vaccination during pregnancy to prevent lower respiratory tract illness in newborns and infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pediatr 2024; 11:1260740. [PMID: 38357264 PMCID: PMC10864603 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1260740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination during pregnancy in preventing lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in infants and neonates, we conducted a systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in five databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Cochrane Center Register of Controlled trial) until 1 May 2023. We performed a meta-analysis of the eligible trials using RevMan5.4.1 software. Our analysis included six articles and five RCTs. The meta-analysis revealed significant differences in the incidences of LRTI [risk ratio (RR): 0.64; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43, 0.96; p = 0.03)] and severe LRTI (RR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.79; p = 0.01) between the vaccine group and the placebo group for newborns and infants. These differences were observed at 90, 120, and 150 days after birth (p = 0.003, p = 0.05, p = 0.02, p = 0.03, p = 0.009, p = 0.05). At 180 days after birth, there was a significant difference observed in the incidence of LRTI between the two groups (RR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.90; p = 0.02). The safety results showed a significant difference in the incidence of common adverse events between the two groups (RR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.12; p < 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference observed in the incidence of serious adverse events (RR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.15; p = 0.23), common and serious adverse events (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.10; p = 0.23), or common and serious adverse events among pregnant women and newborns and infants (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.04; p = 0.52). In conclusion, maternal RSV vaccination is an effective and safe immunization strategy for preventing LRTI in postpartum infants, with greater efficacy observed within the first 150 days after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ma
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neonatology, SongShan General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children), Chongqing, China
| | - ShiFang Tang
- Department of Neonatology, SongShan General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
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9
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Tawfik A, Kawaguchi T, Takahashi M, Setoh K, Yamaguchi I, Tabara Y, Van Steen K, Sakuntabhai A, Matsuda F. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Sixteen Potential Genes Associated with the Successful Differentiation of Antibody-Secreting Cells through the Utilization of Unfolded Protein Response Mechanisms in Robust Responders to the Influenza Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:136. [PMID: 38400120 PMCID: PMC10892001 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The seasonal influenza vaccine remains one of the vital recommended infection control measures for the elderly with chronic illnesses. We investigated the immunogenicity of a single dose of influenza vaccine in 123 seronegative participants and classified them into four distinct groups, determined by the promptness of vaccine response, the longevity of humoral immunity, and the likelihood of exhibiting cross-reactivity. Subsequently, we used transcriptional profiling and differential gene expression analysis to identify potential genes directly associated with the robust response to the vaccine. The group of exemplary vaccine responders differentially expressed 16 genes, namely: MZB1, MYDGF, TXNDC5, TXNDC11, HSP90B1, FKBP11, PDIA5, PRDX4, CD38, SDC1, TNFRSF17, TNFRSF13B, PAX5, POU2AF1, IRF4, and XBP1. Our findings point out a list of expressed proteins that are related to B cell proliferation, unfolded protein response, and cellular haemostasis, as well as a linkage of these expressions to the survival of long-lived plasma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Tawfik
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR2000, 75015 Paris, France;
- Pasteur International Unit at Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan (I.Y.)
| | - Meiko Takahashi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan (I.Y.)
| | - Kazuya Setoh
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan (I.Y.)
| | - Izumi Yamaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan (I.Y.)
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan (I.Y.)
| | - Kristel Van Steen
- BIO3—Laboratory for Systems Genetics, GIGA-R Medical Genomics, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- BIO3—Laboratory for Systems Genetics, GIGA-R Medical Genomics, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Pasteur International Unit at Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Ecology and Emergence of Arthropod-Borne Pathogens Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR2000, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan (I.Y.)
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10
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Yang Z, Yu S, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Li L, Sun J, Wang X, Guo Y, Zhang Y. The Screening and Mechanism of Influenza-Virus Sensitive MDCK Cell Lines for Influenza Vaccine Production. Diseases 2024; 12:20. [PMID: 38248371 PMCID: PMC10814076 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a potentially fatal acute respiratory viral disease caused by the influenza virus. Influenza viruses vary in antigenicity and spread rapidly, resulting in seasonal epidemics. Vaccination is the most effective strategy for lowering the incidence and fatality rates of influenza-related disorders, and it is also an important method for reducing seasonal influenza infections. Mammalian Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell lines are recommended for influenza virus growth, and such cell lines have been utilized in several commercial influenza vaccine productions. The limit dilution approach was used to screen ATCC-MDCK cell line subcellular strains that are especially sensitive to H1N1, H3N2, BV, and BY influenza viruses to increase virus production, and research on influenza virus culture media was performed to support influenza virus vaccine development. We also used RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes and a GSEA analysis to determine the biological mechanisms underlying the various levels of susceptibility of cells to influenza viruses. MDCK cell subline 2B6 can be cultured to increase titer and the production of the H1N1, H3N2, BV, and BY influenza viruses. MDCK-2B6 has a significantly enriched and activated in ECM receptor interaction, JAK-STAT signaling, and cytokine receptor interaction signaling pathways, which may result in increased cellular susceptibility and cell proliferation activity to influenza viruses, promote viral adsorption and replication, and elevate viral production, ultimately. The study revealed that MDCK-2B6 can increase the influenza virus titer and yield in vaccine production by increasing cell sensitivity and enhancing proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuntao Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited, Beijing 100176, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (J.S.); (X.W.); (Y.G.)
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11
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Wang B, Zheng H, Dong X, Zhang W, Wu J, Chen H, Zhang J, Zhou A. The Identification Distinct Antiviral Factors Regulated Influenza Pandemic H1N1 Infection. Int J Microbiol 2024; 2024:6631882. [PMID: 38229736 PMCID: PMC10791480 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6631882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza pandemic with H1N1 (H1N1pdms) causes severe lung damage and "cytokine storm," leading to higher mortality and global health emergencies in humans and animals. Explaining host antiviral molecular mechanisms in response to H1N1pdms is important for the development of novel therapies. In this study, we organised and analysed multimicroarray data for mouse lungs infected with different H1N1pdm and nonpandemic H1N1 strains. We found that H1N1pdms infection resulted in a large proportion of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the infected lungs compared with normal lungs, and the number of DEGs increased markedly with the time of infection. In addition, we found that different H1N1pdm strains induced similarly innate immune responses and the identified DEGs during H1N1pdms infection were functionally concentrated in defence response to virus, cytokine-mediated signalling pathway, regulation of innate immune response, and response to interferon. Moreover, comparing with nonpandemic H1N1, we identified ten distinct DEGs (AREG, CXCL13, GATM, GPR171, IFI35, IFI47, IFIT3, ORM1, RETNLA, and UBD), which were enriched in immune response and cell surface receptor signalling pathway as well as interacted with immune response-related dysregulated genes during H1N1pdms. Our discoveries will provide comprehensive insights into host responding to pandemic with influenza H1N1 and find broad-spectrum effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxin Wang
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
| | - Xia Dong
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
| | - Junjing Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
| | - Ao Zhou
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China
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12
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Froes F, Timóteo A, Almeida B, Raposo JF, Oliveira J, Carrageta M, Duque S, Morais A. Influenza vaccination in older adults and patients with chronic disorders: A position paper from the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Diabetology, the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, the Portuguese Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology, the Study Group of Geriatrics of the Portuguese Society of Internal Medicine, and the Portuguese Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology. Pulmonology 2023:S2531-0437(23)00201-5. [PMID: 38129238 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza affects millions of people worldwide each year and can lead to severe complications, hospitalizations, and even death, especially among vulnerable populations such as older adults and those with chronic medical conditions. Annual vaccination is considered the most effective measure for preventing influenza and its complications. Despite the widespread availability of influenza vaccines, however, vaccination coverage rates remain suboptimal in several countries. Based on the latest scientific evidence and expert opinions on influenza vaccination in older people and patients with chronic disease, the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology (SPP), the Portuguese Society of Diabetology (SPD), the Portuguese Society of Cardiology (SPC), the Portuguese Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology (SPGG), the Study Group of Geriatrics of the Portuguese Society of Internal Medicine (NEGERMI-SPMI), and the Portuguese Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SPDIMC) discussed best practices for promoting vaccination uptake and coverage and drew up several recommendations to mitigate the impact of influenza. These recommendations focus on the efficacy and safety of available vaccines; the impact of influenza vaccination on older adults; patients with chronic medical conditions, namely cardiac and respiratory conditions, diabetes, and immunosuppressive diseases; and health care professionals, optimal vaccination timing, and strategies to increase vaccination uptake and coverage. The resulting position paper highlights the critical role that vaccinations play in promoting public health, raising awareness, and encouraging more people to get vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Froes
- Torax Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal; Portuguese Society of Pulmonology (SPP), Portugal
| | - A Timóteo
- Cardiology Department, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal; Portuguese Society of Cardiology (SPC), Portugal
| | - B Almeida
- APDP Diabetes, Lisbon, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - J F Raposo
- NOVA Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal; APDP Diabetes, Lisbon, Portugal; Portuguese Society of Diabetology (SPD), Portugal
| | - J Oliveira
- Infection Control and Prevention and Antimicrobial Resistance Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Portuguese Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SPDIMC), Portugal
| | - M Carrageta
- Institute of Preventive Cardiology, Almada, Portugal; Portuguese Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology (SPGG), Portugal
| | - S Duque
- Hospital CUF Descobertas, Lisboa, Portugal; Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal; Study Group of Geriatrics of the Portuguese Society of Internal Medicine (NEGERMI-SPMI), Portugal
| | - A Morais
- Portuguese Society of Pulmonology (SPP), Portugal; Nova Medical School, Lisbon Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Pulmonology Department, Hospital de São João, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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13
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Mai G, Zhang C, Lan C, Zhang J, Wang Y, Tang K, Tang J, Zeng J, Chen Y, Cheng P, Liu S, Long H, Wen Q, Li A, Liu X, Zhang R, Xu S, Liu L, Niu Y, Yang L, Wang Y, Yin D, Sun C, Chen YQ, Shen W, Zhang Z, Du X. Characterizing the dynamics of BCR repertoire from repeated influenza vaccination. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2245931. [PMID: 37542407 PMCID: PMC10438862 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2245931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Yearly epidemics of seasonal influenza cause an enormous disease burden around the globe. An understanding of the rules behind the immune response with repeated vaccination still presents a significant challenge, which would be helpful for optimizing the vaccination strategy. In this study, 34 healthy volunteers with 16 vaccinated were recruited, and the dynamics of the BCR repertoire for consecutive vaccinations in two seasons were tracked. In terms of diversity, length, network, V and J gene segments usage, somatic hypermutation (SHM) rate and isotype, it was found that the overall changes were stronger in the acute phase of the first vaccination than the second vaccination. However, the V gene segments of IGHV4-39, IGHV3-9, IGHV3-7 and IGHV1-69 were amplified in the acute phase of the first vaccination, with IGHV3-7 dominant. On the other hand, for the second vaccination, the changes were dominated by IGHV1-69, with potential for coding broad neutralizing antibody. Additional analysis indicates that the application of V gene segment for IGHV3-7 in the acute phase of the first vaccination was due to the elevated usage of isotypes IgM and IgG3. While for IGHV1-69 in the second vaccination, it was contributed by isotypes IgG1 and IgG2. Finally, 41 public BCR clusters were identified in the vaccine group, with both IGHV3-7 and IGHV1-69 were involved and representative complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) motifs were characterized. This study provides insights into the immune response dynamics following repeated influenza vaccination in humans and can inform universal vaccine design and vaccine strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqin Mai
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Lan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Tang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Tang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Zeng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yilin Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Cheng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuning Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Long
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qilan Wen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aqin Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruitong Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Xu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanlan Niu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yihan Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Yin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caijun Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao-Qing Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhai Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangjun Du
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Guzmán-Esquivel J, Mendoza-Cano O, Trujillo X, Huerta M, Ríos-Silva M, Lugo-Radillo A, Benites-Godínez V, Bricio-Barrios JA, Ríos-Bracamontes EF, Cárdenas-Rojas MI, Ortega-Ramírez AD, Murillo-Zamora E. Evaluating the performance of WHO and CDC case definitions for influenza-like illness in diagnosing influenza during the 2022-2023 flu season in Mexico. Public Health 2023; 222:175-177. [PMID: 37552926 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) case definitions for influenza-like illness (ILI) in diagnosing influenza during the 2022-2023 flu season in Mexico. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of national epidemiological surveillance data in Mexico, focusing on respiratory viral pathogens. METHODS We analyzed data from 6027 non-hospitalized patients between 5 and 65 years old who underwent molecular testing for respiratory viral pathogens. The performance of both case definitions was evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. RESULTS Overall, the diagnostic accuracy of the evaluated ILI definitions in identifying influenza patients was low, particularly among older patients. When compared to the CDC, the WHO definition had a lower sensitivity but a higher specificity, resulting in a higher AUROC (P = 0.031) for the WHO criteria. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the WHO and CDC ILI case definitions have limited accuracy for diagnosing influenza in non-hospitalized patients and highlight the need for more specific diagnostic tools to improve the detection of influenza cases during the flu season.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guzmán-Esquivel
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Lapislázuli 250, Col. El Haya, Villa de Álvarez 28984, Mexico.
| | - O Mendoza-Cano
- Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Colima, km. 9 Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán, Coquimatlán 28400, Colima, Mexico.
| | - X Trujillo
- Centro Universitario de Investiga ciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Col. Villas San Sebastián, Colima 28045, Mexico.
| | - M Huerta
- Centro Universitario de Investiga ciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Col. Villas San Sebastián, Colima 28045, Mexico.
| | - M Ríos-Silva
- CONACHyT-Universidad de Colima, Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Col. Villas San Sebastián, Colima 28045, Mexico.
| | - A Lugo-Radillo
- CONACHyT -Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda Aguilera S/N, Carr. a San Felipe del Agua, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico.
| | - V Benites-Godínez
- Coordinación de Educación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Calzada del Ejercito Nacional 14, Col. Fray Junípero Serra, Tepic 63160, Mexico; Unidad Académica de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura Amado Nervo, Tepic 631555, Mexico.
| | - J A Bricio-Barrios
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad 333, Col. Las Víboras, Colima 28040, Mexico.
| | - E F Ríos-Bracamontes
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital General de Zona No. 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Lapislázuli 250, Col. El Haya, Villa de Álvarez 28984, Mexico.
| | - M I Cárdenas-Rojas
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Lapislázuli 250, Col. El Haya, Villa de Álvarez 28984, Mexico.
| | - A D Ortega-Ramírez
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad 333, Col. Las Víboras, Colima 28040, Mexico.
| | - E Murillo-Zamora
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Lapislázuli 250, Col. El Haya, Villa de Álvarez 28984, Mexico.
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Martins JP, Santos M, Martins A, Felgueiras M, Santos R. Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Persons Aged 15-64 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1322. [PMID: 37631889 PMCID: PMC10459161 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus, which is highly transmissible in humans. This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and test-negative designs (TNDs) to assess the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of seasonal influenza vaccines (SIVs) in humans aged 15 to 64 years. An electronic search to identify all relevant studies was performed. The outcome measure of interest was VE on laboratory-confirmed influenza (any strain). Quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for RCTs and the ROBINS-I tool for TNDs. The search identified a total of 2993 records, but only 123 studies from 73 papers were included in the meta-analysis. Of these studies, 9 were RCTs and 116 were TNDs. The pooled VE was 48% (95% CI: 42-54) for RCTs, 55.4% (95% CI: 43.2-64.9) when there was a match between the vaccine and most prevalent circulating strains and 39.3% (95% CI: 23.5-51.9) otherwise. The TNDs' adjusted VE was equal to 39.9% (95% CI: 31-48), 45.1 (95% CI: 38.7-50.8) when there was a match and 35.1 (95% CI: 29.0-40.7) otherwise. The match between strains included in the vaccine and strains in circulation is the most important factor in the VE. It increases by more than 25% when there is a match with the most prevalent circulating strains. The laboratorial method for confirmation of influenza is a possible source of bias when estimating VE.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Martins
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- CEAUL—Centro de Estatística e Aplicações, Faculdade de Ciências, Campo Grande, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.F.); (R.S.)
| | - Marlene Santos
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - André Martins
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Miguel Felgueiras
- CEAUL—Centro de Estatística e Aplicações, Faculdade de Ciências, Campo Grande, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.F.); (R.S.)
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena—Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4163, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Rui Santos
- CEAUL—Centro de Estatística e Aplicações, Faculdade de Ciências, Campo Grande, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.F.); (R.S.)
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena—Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4163, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
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Quiles R, Deckers Leme M, Denise Swei Lo, Elias Gilio A. A study of acceptance and hesitation factors towards tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) and influenza vaccines during pregnancy. Vaccine X 2023; 14:100351. [PMID: 37519777 PMCID: PMC10372311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vaccination of pregnant women with tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) and influenza vaccines is desirable to reduce neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. However, vaccine coverage rates and acceptance are frequently below recommended rates. Objectives To ascertain Tdap and influenza vaccine coverage rates in our population and to study the reasons behind sub-optimal rates. Method A survey was submitted to pregnant or in their puerperium women at the University Hospital of São Paulo University. Data were obtained during two consecutive influenza seasons (2017-2018), and vaccination was verified through vaccination chart checking. Respondents were classified according to their status as "Received Tdap" and "Didn't receive Tdap", and as "Know" or "Doesn't know" regarding their awareness of Tdap safety during pregnancy and protective effect on the newborn. Vaccine uptake and personal awareness of vaccination status were compared among these groups for Tdap and influenza vaccines. Results In a studied sample of 207 patients (representative of the whole), coverage rates for Tdap and influenza vaccines were respectively 85.5% and 95.2%. Additionally, 84.5% received both vaccines. There was no vaccine refusal for Tdap and only 0.5% for influenza. For either Tdap or influenza vaccines, the main reason for not vaccinating was a lack of knowledge/information. Factors associated with not vaccinating Tdap during pregnancy were lower number of prenatal visits, being unemployed or freelance worker, not being aware of vaccine safety or its benefits for the baby, not being oriented by the doctor to be vaccinated, not being aware of personal vaccination status, and not having been vaccinated for influenza. Conclusion While influenza vaccination coverage during pregnancy was ideal, Tdap rates were below recommended values. Significant factors associated with better coverage for Tdap during pregnancy included being employed and not being self-employed, (not yet reported in the Americas) and being aware of personal vaccination status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Quiles
- Master at the Instituto da Criança of the USP faculty of Medicine, Graduation in Medicine from the University of São Paulo (2002), Specialization in Pediatrics and pediatric oncology at Instituto da Criança at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (USP) and specialist in Pediatrics by the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics, Brazil
| | - Mateus Deckers Leme
- Graduation in Medicine from the University of São Paulo (2002), Specialization in Pediatrics and Pediatric Pulmonology at USP Clinical Hospital, Brazil
| | - Denise Swei Lo
- Pediatrics from USP (2017) and specialization in Health Economics and Management from the Faculty of Public Health at USP (2021), She is currently the head of the Pediatric Hospital Medicine at the University Hospital of USP and residency program coordinator for Pediatrics residents at the University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Elias Gilio
- Professor at the Department of Pediatrics at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Director of the Division of the Pediatric Clinic at the University Hospital of the USP and coordinates the Immunization Center at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Brazil
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17
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Hashemi P, Mahmoodi S, Ghasemian A. An updated review on oral protein-based antigen vaccines efficiency and delivery approaches: a special attention to infectious diseases. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:289. [PMID: 37468763 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Various infectious agents affect human health via the oral entrance. The majority of pathogens lack approved vaccines. Oral vaccination is a convenient, safe and cost-effective approach with the potential of provoking mucosal and systemic immunity and maintaining individual satisfaction. However, vaccines should overcome the intricate environment of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Oral protein-based antigen vaccines (OPAVs) are easier to administer than injectable vaccines and do not require trained healthcare professionals. Additionally, the risk of needle-related injuries, pain, and discomfort is eliminated. However, OPAVs stability at environmental and GIT conditions should be considered to enhance their stability and facilitate their transport and storage. These vaccines elicit the local immunity, protecting GIT, genital tract and respiratory epithelial surfaces, where numerous pathogens penetrate the body. OPAVs can also be manipulated (such as using specific incorporated ligand and receptors) to elicit targeted immune response. However, low bioavailability of OPAVs necessitates development of proper protein carriers and formulations to enhance their stability and efficacy. There are several strategies to improve their efficacy or protective effects, such as incorporation of adjuvants, enzyme inhibitors, mucoadhesive or penetrating devices and permeation enhancers. Hence, efficient delivery of OPAVs into GIT require proper delivery systems mainly including smart target systems, probiotics, muco-adhesive carriers, lipid- and plant-based delivery systems and nano- and microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Hashemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Shirin Mahmoodi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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18
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Hemagglutinin Antibodies in the Polish Population during the 2019/2020 Epidemic Season. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030760. [PMID: 36992469 PMCID: PMC10052160 DOI: 10.3390/v15030760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the level of antibodies against hemagglutinin of influenza viruses in the serum of subjects belonging to seven different age groups in the 2019/2020 epidemic season. The level of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies was tested using the hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) test. The tests included 700 sera from all over Poland. Their results confirmed the presence of antibodies against the following influenza virus antigens: A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1)pdm09 (48% of samples), A/Kansas/14/2017/ (H3N2) (74% of samples), B/Colorado/06/ 2017 Victoria line (26% of samples), and B/Phuket/3073/2013 Yamagata line (63% of samples). The level of antibodies against hemagglutinin varied between the age groups. The highest average (geometric mean) antibody titer (68.0) and the highest response rate (62%) were found for the strain A/Kansas/14/2017/ (H3N2). During the epidemic season in Poland, only 4.4% of the population was vaccinated.
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Li C, Han P, Mao H, Lv C, Huang K, Jin M. Glycyrrhizic Acid-Based Carbonized Dots Boost Antiviral Activity against Influenza A Virus via Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:10441-10451. [PMID: 36789721 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IVA) has been continuously causing pandemics in several animal hosts and has become a worldwide public health threat. Currently, antiviral drugs have become associated with a lot of side effects and limited activity against emerging drug-resistant influenza viruses. Therefore, the development of novel antiviral drugs is of great importance. In this study, we synthesized a kind of carbon dots (CDs) with high dispersibility from glycyrrhizic acid (GA) using a simple dry heating method. Compared with glycyrrhizic acid alone, GA-CDs exhibit superior solubility and significantly improve the antiviral property against IVA. Investigation of the mechanism revealed that GA-CDs act against IVA mainly by inhibiting viral internalization, replication of the viral genome, neuraminidase activity, and host inflammatory responses. More importantly, in a mouse model, GA-CDs can significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms and decrease mortality and lung viral titers. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that GA-CDs possess extraordinary therapeutic effects; therefore, we propose that GA-CDs may be a promising alternative therapy for IVA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Han
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Haiying Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Changjie Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Kun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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20
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Xu M, Cai T, Yue T, Zhang P, Huang J, Liu Q, Wang Y, Luo R, Li Z, Luo L, Ji C, Tan X, Zheng Y, Whitley R, De Clercq E, Yin Q, Li G. Comparative effectiveness of oseltamivir versus peramivir for hospitalized children (aged 0-5 years) with influenza infection. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 128:157-165. [PMID: 36608788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effectiveness of oseltamivir versus peramivir in children infected with influenza remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate their effectiveness in young children (aged 0-5 years) infected with severe influenza A virus (IAV) or influenza B virus (IBV). METHODS We analyzed a cohort of 1662 young children with either IAV (N = 1095) or IBV (N = 567) who received oseltamivir or peramivir treatment from January 1, 2018 to March 31, 2022. Propensity score matching methods were applied to match children who were oseltamivir-treated versus peramivir-treated. RESULTS Children who were IAV-infected and IBV-infected shared similar features, such as influenza-associated symptoms and comorbidities at baseline. Among children infected with IAV with bacterial coinfection, the recovery rate was significantly greater in children treated with oseltamivir than in children treated with peramivir (15.6% vs 4.4%, P = 0.01). The median duration of hospitalization was also shorter in children treated with oseltamivir. Among children infected with IAV without bacterial coinfection, the recovery rate was greater in children treated with oseltamivir than in children treated with peramivir (21.1% vs 3.7%, P = 0.002). However, oseltamivir and peramivir offered similar recovery rates and duration of hospitalization (P >0.05 for both) among children infected with IBV. CONCLUSION Oseltamivir and peramivir exhibit similar effectiveness in young children with severe influenza B, whereas oseltamivir demonstrated improved recovery and shorter hospitalization in the treatment of severe influenza A in hospitalized children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Cai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tingting Yue
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruping Luo
- Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | | | - Linli Luo
- Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Chunyi Ji
- Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xinrui Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanling Zheng
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Richard Whitley
- Department of Pediatrics, Microbiology, Medicine and Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Erik De Clercq
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Qiang Yin
- Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China.
| | - Guangdi Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China.
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21
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Aso S, Ono S, Michihata N, Uemura K, Yasunaga H. Effectiveness of vaccination on influenza-related critical illnesses in the elderly population. J Infect Chemother 2023; 29:576-579. [PMID: 36754256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevention of serious influenza-related severe conditions due to influenza is important, particularly in elderly patients, age is a risk factor for death resulting from influenza-related respiratory diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of influenza vaccination with severe condition requiring critical care and death in elderly people, using vaccine records and healthcare administrative claims data in a Japanese city. RESULTS Among 5608 patients aged ≥65 years diagnosed with influenza, we identified 96 patients who had received invasive mechanical ventilation or died. Thereafter, we matched 384 controls with the cases. The cases were less vaccinated than the controls (37.5% vs. 56.0%, P < 0.01). In the multivariate analysis, influenza vaccination was associated with a lower proportion of the composite outcome (odds ratio, 0.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.21-0.60). In patients aged ≥80 years old and those with cardiovascular disease, influenza vaccination was associated with low composite outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Influenza vaccination was associated with reduced proportions of receiving invasive mechanical ventilation or influenza-related mortality, particularly in those aged ≥80 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Aso
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Sachiko Ono
- Department of Eat-loss Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Michihata
- Department of Health Services Research, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Uemura
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Yasunaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Owusu D, Dawood FS, Azziz-Baumgartner E, Tinoco Y, Soto G, Gonzalez O, Cabrera S, Florian R, Llajaruna E, Hunt DR, Wesley MG, Yau T, Arriola CS. Effectiveness of Maternal Influenza Vaccination in Peru PRIME Cohort. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad033. [PMID: 36817741 PMCID: PMC9927556 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have examined influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) among women during pregnancy in middle-income countries. We used data from a prospective cohort of women who were pregnant in Peru to estimate effectiveness of the 2018 Southern Hemisphere influenza vaccine. Methods Women at <28 weeks gestation were enrolled from 4 tertiary level hospitals in Lima, Peru at the start of the 2018 influenza season and followed until the end of their pregnancies. Participants had mid-turbinate nasal swabs collected and tested for influenza by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with onset of ≥1 of myalgia, cough, runny nose or nasal congestion, sore throat, or difficulty breathing. Time-varying Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the risk of RT-PCR-confirmed influenza infection after adjusting for inverse probability treatment weight. Results We followed 1896 women for a median of 127 days (interquartile range [IQR], 86-174). Participants had a median age of 29 years (IQR, 24-34). Among the 1896 women, 49% were vaccinated with the 2018 influenza vaccine and 1039 (55%) developed influenza-like illness, 76 (7%) of whom had RT-PCR-confirmed influenza. Incidence rates of RT-PCR-confirmed influenza were 36.6 and 15.3 per 100 000 person-days among women who were unvaccinated and vaccinated, respectively. Adjusted influenza VE was 22% (95% confidence interval, -64.1% to 62.9%). Conclusions Participants vaccinated against influenza had more than 50% lower incidence of RT-PCR-confirmed influenza illness. Although the VE estimated through propensity weight-adjusted time-varying Cox regression did not reach statistical significance, our findings provide additional evidence about the value of maternal influenza vaccination in middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Owusu
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fatimah S Dawood
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Yeny Tinoco
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6, Bellavista, Peru
| | - Giselle Soto
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6, Bellavista, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Meredith G Wesley
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Abt Associates, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tat Yau
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Carmen S Arriola
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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23
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Arsenović S, Trajković G, Pekmezović T, Gazibara T. Associations of health literacy with missed free influenza immunization in people with chronic diseases. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:6974789. [PMID: 36617290 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a gap in understanding specific features of health literacy that might be associated with adherence to influenza immunization. The aim of this study was to examine the association of health literacy with avoidance of influenza immunization and beliefs about the influenza vaccine among people with chronic diseases. Selection of study participants was based on a case-control study design in a population of people with chronic illnesses living in the Foča region (Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina) and who were entitled to receive a free influenza shot in season 2017/2018. The cases represented all non-vaccinated people (a total of 146) and the controls were vaccinated people (a total of 149) matched according to town of residence. Participants were interviewed in person from April to December 2018 using a socio-demographic questionnaire, Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) and Health Belief Model Applied to Influenza (HBMAI). Better score on 'Feeling understood and supported by healthcare providers', 'Social support for health' and 'Ability to actively engage with healthcare providers' was associated with more perceived benefits of influenza immunization in men, but not in women. Perceiving more Barriers to influenza immunization was associated with lower scores on 'Feeling understood and supported by healthcare providers', 'Have sufficient information to manage health', 'Social support for health' and 'Ability to actively engage with healthcare providers' in both men and women. Health literacy may be associated with the perception of susceptibility to influenza, benefits and barriers to influenza immunization and motivations to receive influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sladjana Arsenović
- Public Health Institute of Republic of Srpska, Regional Center Foča, Njegoševa 15, 73301 Foča, Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
| | - Goran Trajković
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Dr Subotica 15, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Pekmezović
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26A, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Gazibara
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26A, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Tawfik A, Kawaguchi T, Takahashi M, Setoh K, Yamaguchi I, Tabara Y, Van Steen K, Sakuntabhai A, Matsuda F. Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine response and immunogenicity assessment after one week and three months in repeatedly vaccinated adults. Expert Rev Vaccines 2023; 22:826-838. [PMID: 37747798 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2262563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influenza vaccine administrated every year is a recommended infection control procedure for individuals above the age of six months. However, the effectiveness of repeated annual vaccination is still an active research topic. Therefore, we investigated the vaccine immunogenicity in two independent groups: previously vaccinated versus non-vaccinated individuals at three time points; prior vaccination, one week and three months post vaccination. The assessment enabled us to evaluate the elicited immune responses and the durability of the induced protection in both groups. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A research study was conducted to assess the immunogenicity of a single dose of Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B) in 278 healthy adults aged between 32 and 66 years. Almost half of the participants, 140 (50·36%), received influenza vaccination at least once precursor to past influenza seasons. One blood sample was taken prior to vaccination for complete blood analysis and baseline immunogenicity assessment. The selected study participants received a single vaccine dose on the first day, and then followed up for three months. Two blood samples were taken after one week and three months post vaccination, respectively, for vaccine immunogenicity assessment. RESULTS Before vaccination, the seroprotection, defined as a hemagglutination-inhibiting titer of =>1:40, was detected for the three vaccine virus strains in 20 previously vaccinated participants (14·29%) [8·95%, 21·2%]. We compared the overall vaccine response for the three virus strains using a normalized response score calculated from linearly transformed titer measurements; the score before vaccination was 84% higher in the previously vaccinated group and the mean difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Three months post-vaccination, we didn't find a significant difference in vaccine responses; the number of fully seroprotected individuals became 48 (34·29%) [26·48%, 42·77%] in the previously vaccinated group and 59 (42·75%) [34·37%, 51·45%] in the non-vaccinated group. The calculated response score was almost equal in both groups and the mean difference was no longer statistically significant. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that a single dose of influenza vaccine is equally protective after three months for annually vaccinated adults and first-time vaccine receivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Tawfik
- Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR2000, Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Paris, France
- Pasteur International Unit at Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Meiko Takahashi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuya Setoh
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Izumi Yamaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kristel Van Steen
- BIO3 - Laboratory for Systems Genetics, GIGA-R Medical Genomics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- BIO3 - Laboratory for Systems Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, Leuven, Leuven, KU, Belgium
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Pasteur International Unit at Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR2000, Ecology and Emergence of Arthropod-borne Pathogens Unit, Paris, France
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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25
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Koo H, Kwon KH. The applicability of scarcity, originality, and transaction tracking characteristics of the dermatological industry and non-fungible token. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6628-6635. [PMID: 36152011 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The K-beauty industry has entered the global market and encompasses the global economy. In the future, it is necessary to recognize the need for rapid recognition and application of digital technologies such as non-fungible token (NFT) in a continuously changing and shared society. OBJECTIVES This literature review presents various examples of ways to increase the value of beauty brands according to the latest digital trends. The potential value of blockchain technology was reviewed while understanding the current usage status of NFT. METHODS As of July 2022, NFT's brand application cases can be confirmed, and comparisons and cases can be applied to how much it can contribute to the rise in the value of beauty brands in the future. The 41 references were finally selected using PRISMA flow diagram. RESULTS In a rapidly changing time, the beauty industry pays attention to the NFT market that can develop economically. Therefore, the parts that various industries are preemptively trying were prepared by confirming the cases. CONCLUSION The beauty industry should pay attention to the NFT market, which is an issue, and by creating a brand with scarcity value, it can apply economic activities in the beauty industry to the trend by releasing products that both consumers and sellers can satisfy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejeong Koo
- Division of Beauty Arts Care, Department of Beauty Arts Care, Graduate School, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Han Kwon
- Division of Beauty Arts Care, Department of Beauty Arts Care, Graduate School, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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26
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Ye B, Shu L, Pang Y, Guo Y, Guo Y, Zong K, Chen C, Zheng X, Zhang J, Liu M, Yuan X, Zhao Y, Zhang D, Wang D, Bao C, Zhang J, Chen L, Gao GF, Liu WJ. Repeated influenza vaccination induces similar immune protection as first-time vaccination but with differing immune responses. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2022; 17:e13060. [PMID: 36271687 PMCID: PMC9835420 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent seasonal epidemics of influenza have been caused by human influenza A viruses of the H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes and influenza B viruses. Annual vaccination is recommended to prevent infection; however, how annual influenza vaccination influences vaccine effectiveness is largely unknown. METHODS To investigate the impact of repeated vaccination on immune and protective effect, we performed a prospective seroepidemiologic study. Participants with or without prior vaccination (2018-2019) were enrolled during the 2019-2020 influenza season. Inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (IIV4) was administered through the intramuscular route, and venous blood samples were collected regularly to test hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers. RESULTS The geometric mean titers and proportion with titers ≥40 against the influenza vaccine components peaked at 30 days post-vaccination. At Day 30, the geometric mean titer and proportion with titers ≥40 in participants who had been previously vaccinated were higher for H3N2 but similar for both B lineages (Victoria and Yamagata) as compared with participants vaccinated for the first time. As for H1N1, the geometric mean titer was lower in repeated vaccinated participants, but the proportion with titers ≥40 was consistent in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Repeated vaccination provides similar or enhanced protection as compared with single vaccination in first-time vaccinees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiwei Ye
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina
| | - Liumei Shu
- Department of Health CareBeijing Daxing District HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yuanyuan Pang
- Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionSuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yaxin Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Kexin Zong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina
| | - Cong Chen
- Changzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Xianzhi Zheng
- Changzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Jie Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina
| | - Maoshun Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xiaoju Yuan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina
| | - Yingze Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina
| | - Danni Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina
| | - Dayan Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina
| | - Changjun Bao
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jun Zhang
- Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionSuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Liling Chen
- Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionSuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - George F. Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina,CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)BeijingChina,Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging VirusesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - William J. Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)BeijingChina,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina,Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging VirusesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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27
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Shaheen H, König HH, Hajek A. Religious Affiliation and Flu Vaccination in Germany: Results of the German Ageing Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10102108. [PMID: 36292555 PMCID: PMC9602020 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10102108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to examine the association between religious affiliation and the likelihood of taking the flu vaccine. Cross-sectional data (year 2014 with n = 7172) were used from the nationally representative German Ageing Survey—covering community-dwelling individuals aged 40 years and over. Multiple logistic regressions showed that compared with individuals without a religious affiliation, individuals with certain religious affiliations had a lower likelihood of taking the flu vaccine. More precisely, the likelihood of taking a flu shot was significantly associated with belonging to the Roman Catholic Church (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.44–0.57), the Protestant Church (OR: 0.68, 0.60–0.77), the Evangelic Free Church (OR: 0.54, 0.35–0.82) and other religious communities (OR: 0.25, 0.14–0.45). The results remained nearly the same when we restricted our analyses to individuals aged 60 years and over (according to existing recommendations for flu vaccination). The association between religious affiliation and the likelihood of taking the flu vaccine was moderated by thoughts about religion and deeds for religion. This knowledge could help to improve the immunization coverage by addressing individuals with certain religious affiliations.
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28
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Damm O, Krefft A, Ahlers J, Kramer R, Witte J, Batram M, Schelling J, Greiner W. Prevalence of chronic conditions and influenza vaccination coverage rates in Germany: Results of a health insurance claims data analysis. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2022; 17:e13054. [PMID: 36181357 PMCID: PMC9835435 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The significant annual burden caused by seasonal influenza has led to global calls for increased influenza vaccination coverage rates (VCRs). We aimed to estimate the proportion of the German population at high risk of serious illness from influenza due to chronic conditions and to estimate age-specific VCRs of people with/without chronic conditions. METHODS Using health insurance claims data covering nine influenza seasons (2010-2019), we assessed up to 7 million insured individuals per season across all German regions. Individuals were classified according to age and presence of chronic health conditions. VCRs were estimated using outpatient healthcare utilization documentation. RESULTS In the 2018-2019 influenza season, 47.3% of individuals had ≥1 chronic condition. Most common were circulatory disorders, accounting for more than a third of individuals with ≥1 condition. Prevalence of chronic diseases, and therefore the proportion of high-risk individuals, increased slightly over time across most age groups. A downward trend in influenza VCRs was observed in all age groups until the 2017-2018 season, followed by a noticeable increase in the 2018-2019 season. Highest VCRs occurred among individuals of ≥60 years, with a 38.5% VCR for this age group in the 2018-2019 season. Several factors, including age, chronic condition type, and geographical location, affected VCRs. CONCLUSIONS Influenza VCRs in individuals at high risk of severe complications from influenza infection are insufficient. Our results suggest that intensified public health efforts are necessary to reach the World Health Organization vaccination coverage target of 75%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Damm
- Sanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHBerlinGermany
| | - Anya Krefft
- Sanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHBerlinGermany
| | | | - Rolf Kramer
- Sanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHBerlinGermany
| | - Julian Witte
- School of Public HealthBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany,Vandage GmbHBielefeldGermany
| | | | - Jörg Schelling
- Medical FacultyLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversityMunichGermany
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Arsenović S, Trajković G, Pekmezović T, Gazibara T. Validity of the Health Belief Model Applied to Influenza among people with chronic diseases: Is it time to develop a new knowledge domain? PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274739. [PMID: 36108085 PMCID: PMC9477327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of comprehensive instruments for the assessment of compliance with influenza immunization. The purpose of this study was to examine psychometric characteristics of the Health Belief Model Applied to Influenza (HBMAI) among people with chronic diseases. We selected people residing in four municipalities of the Foča region (Republic of Srpska—Bosnia and Herzegovina) who were listed in the official records to receive the recommended influenza immunization in 2017/2018. Participants were interviewed using the HBMAI questionnaire at their homes. The HBMAI is composed of 45 items classified in 7 domains (Susceptibility, Seriousness, Benefits, Barriers, Knowledge, Health Motivation and Cue to Action). The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) suggested that the Serbian HBMAI did not fit the original structure. The parallel analysis suggested that HBMAI in Serbian had 6 domains, instead of the original 7. The domain of "Knowledge" was removed. The domains of "Barriers", "Health Motivation" and "Cue to Action" preserved their original structure. The domains of "Susceptibility", "Seriousness" and "Benefits" were partially modified. The parameters on the CFA for the new modified HBMAI in Serbian were acceptable (goodness of fit index [GFI] = 0.946, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.967, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.963, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.044 and standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.078). This modified HBMAI version with 6 domains, not including the Knowledge domain, is recommended for use in research about influenza among people with chronic diseases in Serbian language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sladjana Arsenović
- Department of Immunization, Public Health Institute of Republic of Srpska, Regional Center Foča, Foča, Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
| | - Goran Trajković
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Pekmezović
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Gazibara
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail:
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30
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The Role of Psychological Factors and Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs in Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake among Jordanian Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081355. [PMID: 36016243 PMCID: PMC9413675 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination to prevent influenza virus infection and to lessen its severity is recommended among healthcare workers (HCWs). Health professionals have a higher risk of exposure to viruses and could transmit the influenza virus to vulnerable patients who are prone to severe disease and mortality. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the levels of influenza vaccine acceptance and uptake as well as its determinants, among Jordanian HCWs over the last influenza season of 2021/2022. This study was based on a self-administered electronic survey that was distributed in March 2022. Psychological determinants of influenza vaccine acceptance and vaccine conspiracy beliefs were assessed using the previously validated 5C scale questionnaire (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation and collective responsibility) and the vaccine conspiracy beliefs scale. The study sample comprised a total of 1218 HCWs: nurses (n = 412, 33.8%), physicians (n = 367, 30.1%), medical technicians (n = 182, 14.9%), pharmacists (n = 161, 13.2%) and dentists (n = 87, 7.1%), among others. About two-thirds of the study sample expressed willingness to receive influenza vaccination if provided free of charge (n = 807, 66.3%), whereas less than one-third were willing to pay for the vaccine (n = 388, 31.9%). The self-reported uptake of the influenza vaccine in the last influenza season was 62.8%. The following factors were significantly associated with higher acceptance of influenza vaccination if provided freely, as opposed to vaccine hesitancy/rejection: male sex; physicians and dentists among HCW categories; higher confidence and collective responsibility; and lower complacency, constraints and calculation. Higher influenza vaccine uptake was significantly correlated with nurses and physicians among HCW categories, older age, a higher monthly income, higher confidence and collective responsibility, lower complacency and constraints and lower embrace of general vaccine conspiracy beliefs. The results of the current study can provide helpful clues to improve influenza vaccine coverage among HCWs in Jordan. Consequently, this can help to protect vulnerable patient groups and reserve valuable resources in healthcare settings. Psychological determinants appeared to be the most significant factors for vaccine acceptance and uptake, whereas the embrace of general vaccine conspiracy beliefs was associated with lower rates of influenza vaccine uptake, which should be considered in educational and interventional measures aiming to promote influenza vaccination.
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31
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Kompier R, Neels P, Beyer W, Hardman T, Lioznov D, Kharit S, Kostinov M. Analysis of the safety and immunogenicity profile of an azoximer bromide polymer-adjuvanted subunit influenza vaccine. F1000Res 2022; 11:259. [PMID: 36176546 PMCID: PMC9493399 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.75869.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic review of clinical trials conducted with a low-dose inactivated influenza vaccine adjuvanted by azoximer bromide (AZB, Polyoxidonium), was performed to compare vaccine reactogenicity against non-adjuvant vaccines. We also assessed whether lower amounts of antigen per viral strain in AZB-adjuvanted vaccines affected antibody responses. A robust search strategy identified scientific publications reporting 30 clinical trials, comprising data on 11,736 participants and 86 trial arms, for inclusion in the analysis. Local reaction rates (R lr) appeared to be lower in AZB-adjuvanted vaccine treatment arms versus comparator vaccine treatment arms. Meta‑regression analysis revealed that AZB did not contribute to vaccine reactogenicity. Post-vaccination geometric mean titres in those exposed to AZB-adjuvanted vaccine and comparator vaccine treatment arms were similar in both children and adults aged 18-60 years, implying an antigen-sparing effect by AZB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Kompier
- Ruijgenhoeck 6, 2201 EW Noordwijk, Vaccine Consultancy, The Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles
| | | | - Walter Beyer
- Ruijgenhoeck 6, 2201 EW Noordwijk, Vaccine Consultancy, The Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles,Niche Science and Technology Ltd., Unit 26, Falstaff House, Bardolph Road, Niche Science and Technology, London, UK
| | - Tim Hardman
- Niche Science and Technology Ltd., Unit 26, Falstaff House, Bardolph Road, Niche Science and Technology, London, UK,
| | - Dmitry Lioznov
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation,First Pavlov State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Susanna Kharit
- Scientific Research Institute of Children’s Infections of the Russian Federal Biomedical Agency, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Michail Kostinov
- Department of Allergology, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russian Federation,Moscow State Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies, Sechenov First, Moscow, Russian Federation
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32
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Stańczak-Mrozek KI, Sobczak A, Lipiński L, Sienkiewicz E, Makarewicz D, Topór-Mądry R, Pinkas J, Sierpiński RA. The Potential Benefits of the Influenza Vaccination on COVID-19 Mortality Rate-A Retrospective Analysis of Patients in Poland. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 10:vaccines10010005. [PMID: 35062666 PMCID: PMC8778897 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used publicly available data from the Centrum e-Zdrowia (CeZ) Polish Databank proposing a possible correlation between influenza vaccination and mortality due to COVID-19. We limited our search to the patients with positive COVID-19 laboratory tests from 1 January 2020 to 31 March 2021 and who filled a prescription for any influenza vaccine during the 2019–2020 influenza season. In total, we included 116,277 patients and used a generalized linear model to analyze the data. We found out that patients aged 60+ who received an influenza vaccination have a lower probability of death caused by COVID-19 in comparison to unvaccinated, and the magnitude of this difference grows with age. For people below 60 years old, we did not observe an influence of the vaccination. Our results suggest a potential protective effect of the influenza vaccine on COVID-19 mortality of the elderly. Administration of the influenza vaccine before the influenza season would reduce the burden of increased influenza incidence, the risk of influenza and COVID-19 coinfection and render the essential medical resources accessible to cope with another wave of COVID-19. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing a correlation between influenza vaccination and the COVID-19 mortality rate in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Sobczak
- Medical Research Agency, Stanislawa Moniuszki 1a St., 00-014 Warsaw, Poland; (K.I.S.-M.); (A.S.); (L.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Leszek Lipiński
- Medical Research Agency, Stanislawa Moniuszki 1a St., 00-014 Warsaw, Poland; (K.I.S.-M.); (A.S.); (L.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Elżbieta Sienkiewicz
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Pl. Politechniki 1 St., 00-661 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dorota Makarewicz
- Medical Research Agency, Stanislawa Moniuszki 1a St., 00-014 Warsaw, Poland; (K.I.S.-M.); (A.S.); (L.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Roman Topór-Mądry
- The Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Tariff System, Przeskok 2 St., 00-032 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Pinkas
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Radosław Adam Sierpiński
- Medical Research Agency, Stanislawa Moniuszki 1a St., 00-014 Warsaw, Poland; (K.I.S.-M.); (A.S.); (L.L.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence:
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33
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Jones WA, Castro RDC, Masters HL, Carrico R. Influenza Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of Recent Innovations in Antiviral Therapy and Relevance to Primary Care Practice. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2021; 5:974-991. [PMID: 34414356 PMCID: PMC8363430 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal influenza requires appropriate management to protect public health and resources. Decreasing the burden of influenza will depend primarily on increasing vaccination rates as well as prompt initiation of antiviral therapy within 48 hours of symptom onset, especially in the context of the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. A careful approach is required to prevent health services from being overwhelmed by a surge in demand that could exceed capacity. This review highlights the societal burden of influenza and discusses the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of influenza as a complicating addition to the challenges of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The importance of vaccination for seasonal influenza and the role of antiviral therapy in the treatment and prophylaxis of seasonal influenza, including the most up-to-date recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for influenza management, will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren A. Jones
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | | | | | - Ruth Carrico
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
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34
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Hoe Nam L, Chiu CH, Heo JY, Ip M, Jung KS, Menzies R, Pearce R, Buchy P, Chen J, Nissen M, Oh KB. The need for pertussis vaccination among older adults and high-risk groups: a perspective from advanced economies of the Asia Pacific region. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:1603-1617. [PMID: 34734556 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1990759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Influenza and pneumococcal vaccines are the most regularly prescribed vaccines amongst adults <65 years of age. Pertussis booster vaccines (available as combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis, Tdap) uptake is relatively low in many countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Increasing Tdap vaccination is a strategy that may aid healthy aging.Areas Covered: Epidemiology data, including notification reports from 6 advanced economies in Asia (Australia, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan) were reviewed to assess the pertussis disease burden and identify high-risk groups. Existing Tdap vaccination recommendations were reviewed. Current vaccination practices were discussed to benchmark and identify barriers and success factors for Tdap booster vaccination in older adults.Expert Opinion: The available evidence supports Tdap vaccination at an individual level for the prevention of pertussis, along with tetanus and diphtheria in those aged 65+ years, together with influenza and pneumococcal vaccination. Data gaps need to be filled to support the development of national/supranational recommendations for pertussis booster vaccination. Groups at higher risk of pertussis infection and its complications, including those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, could be considered as priority groups. Increasing disease awareness and establishing adult vaccination registries could improve vaccine coverage and promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leong Hoe Nam
- Infectious Diseases, Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jung Yeon Heo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, The People's Republic of China
| | - Ki-Suck Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert Menzies
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Blasi F, Di Pasquale M, Gramegna A, Viale P, Iacobello C, Gori A, Tumbarello M, Esposito S, Richeldi L, Bassetti M. A new call for influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations during COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: A SIP/IRS (Italian Respiratory Society) and SITA (Italian Society of Antiinfective therapy) statement. Respir Med 2021; 190:106674. [PMID: 34788734 PMCID: PMC8559458 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Influenza and pneumococcal disease represent a well-known burden on healthcare systems worldwide, as well as they still have an attributed morbidity and mortality, especially in elderly individuals and vulnerable populations. In the context of the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, a series of considerations in favor of extensive influenza and pneumococcal vaccination campaign are emerging, including a possible reduction of hospital extra burden and saving of sanitary resources. In addition, recent studies have suggested that prior vaccinations towards non SARS-CoV-2 pathogens might confer some protection against COVID-19. In this paper the authors consider all factors in support of these hypotheses and provide a consensus statement to encourage influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations in targeted populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Blasi
- Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Marta Di Pasquale
- Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gramegna
- Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Viale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmelo Iacobello
- UOC Malattie Infettive, Azienda Ospedaliera per L'Emergenza Cannizzaro-Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Gori
- Infectious Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Tumbarello
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Richeldi
- Complex Operative Unit of Pneumology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Bassetti
- Department of Health Science, University of Genoa, Italy; Infectious Diseases Clinic, Policlinico San Martino Hospital - IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
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3-Indoleacetonitrile Is Highly Effective in Treating Influenza A Virus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081433. [PMID: 34452298 PMCID: PMC8402863 DOI: 10.3390/v13081433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses are serious zoonotic pathogens that continuously cause pandemics in several animal hosts, including birds, pigs, and humans. Indole derivatives containing an indole core framework have been extensively studied and developed to prevent and/or treat viral infection. This study evaluated the anti-influenza activity of several indole derivatives, including 3-indoleacetonitrile, indole-3-carboxaldehyde, 3-carboxyindole, and gramine, in A549 and MDCK cells. Among these compounds, 3-indoleacetonitrile exerts profound antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of influenza A viruses, as tested in A549 cells. Importantly, in a mouse model, 3-indoleacetonitrile with a non-toxic concentration of 20 mg/kg effectively reduced the mortality and weight loss, diminished lung virus titers, and alleviated lung lesions of mice lethally challenged with A/duck/Hubei/WH18/2015 H5N6 and A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1 influenza A viruses. The antiviral properties enable the potential use of 3-indoleacetonitrile for the treatment of IAV infection.
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Purandare CN, Preiss S, Kolhapure S, Sathyanarayanan S. Expert opinion on the way forward for improving maternal influenza vaccination in India. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:773-778. [PMID: 34018897 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1932474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : Rates of maternal vaccination against influenza are extremely low in India. An expert panel of obstetric-gynecologists and pediatricians met to develop consensus-based recommendations for improving awareness of the benefits of influenza vaccination during pregnancy in India. AREAS COVERED : The group discussed experiences of influenza infection in pregnancy and infancy before focusing on maternal vaccination practices in India, including the degree of communication between obstetric-gynecologists and pediatricians and opinions on optimal timing for vaccination. The impact of inconsistent vaccine prescription practices by healthcare providers was discussed, as well as current clinical recommendations on maternal influenza vaccination. EXPERT OPINION : Although clinical evidence demonstrates the benefit of maternal influenza vaccination in any trimester, influenza vaccination is not widely accepted in India as an integral part of antenatal care. There is a lack of familiarity among obstetricians of clinical guidelines on maternal influenza vaccination. This can be addressed with an education campaign targeting obstetricians and other providers of maternal healthcare. With variable influenza seasons between regions in India, common vaccine stock shortages, and data suggesting influenza vaccination is feasible anytime in pregnancy, all opportunities to offer vaccination to this high-risk group for severe influenza disease should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott Preiss
- Global Medical Affairs Lead, GSK, Rockville, USA
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The Association between Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 and Its Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050529. [PMID: 34065294 PMCID: PMC8161076 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza could circulate in parallel with COVID-19. In the context of COVID-19, some studies observed inverse associations between influenza vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical outcomes, while others did not. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between influenza vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical outcomes, aiming to provide evidence for COVID-19 prevention and vaccination promotion. We searched four databases from inception to 10 March, 2021. Random effects and fixed effects models were used to pool odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We used funnel plots to evaluate the publication bias, I2 statistics to evaluate the heterogeneity, and conducted subgroup analyses. Sixteen observational studies involving 290,327 participants were included. Influenza vaccination was associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (pooled adjusted OR: 0.86, 95%CI: 0.81–0.91), while not significantly associated with adverse outcomes (intensive care: adjusted OR 0.63, 95%CI: 0.22–1.81; hospitalization: adjusted OR 0.74, 95%CI: 0.51–1.06; mortality: adjusted OR 0.89, 95%CI: 0.73–1.09). Our findings suggest that influenza vaccination is associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is crucial for policy makers to implement strategies on influenza vaccination, for it may also have benefits for COVID-19 prevention.
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Moons P, Fieuws S, Vandermeulen C, Ombelet F, Willems R, Goossens E, Van Bulck L, de Hosson M, Annemans L, Budts W, De Backer J, Moniotte S, Marelli A, De Groote K. Influenza Vaccination in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease in the Pre-COVID-19 Era: Coverage Rate, Patient Characteristics, and Outcomes. Can J Cardiol 2021; 37:1472-1479. [PMID: 33961983 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza vaccination is the most commonly recommended immune prevention strategy. However, data on influenza vaccination in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are scarce. In this study, our goals were to: (1) measure vaccination coverage rates (VCRs) for influenza in a large cohort of children, adolescents, and adults with CHD; (2) identity patient characteristics as predictors for vaccination; and (3) investigate the effect of influenza vaccination on hospitalization. METHODS A nationwide cohort study in Belgium included 16,778 patients, representing 134,782 vaccination years, from the Belgian Congenital Heart Disease Database Combining Administrative and Clinical Data (BELCODAC). Data over 9 vaccination years (2006-2015) were used, and patients were stratified into 5 age cohorts: 6 months to 4 years; 5-17 years; 18-49 years; 50-64 years; and 65 years and older. RESULTS In the respective age cohorts, the VCR was estimated to be 6.6%, 8.0%, 23.9%, 46.6%, and 72.8%. There was a steep increase in VCRs as of the age of 40 years. Multivariable logistic regression showed that higher anatomical complexity of CHD, older age, presence of genetic syndromes, and previous cardiac interventions were associated with significantly higher VCRs. Among adults, men had lower and pregnant women had higher VCRs. The association between influenza vaccination and all-cause hospitalization was not significant in this study. CONCLUSIONS The influenza VCR in people with CHD is low, especially in children and adolescents. Older patients, particularly those with complex CHD, are well covered. Our findings should inform vaccination promotion strategies in populations with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Moons
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Steffen Fieuws
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Corinne Vandermeulen
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fouke Ombelet
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB - Center of Brain and Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruben Willems
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Goossens
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Research and Innovation in Care, Division of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Van Bulck
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michèle de Hosson
- Department of Adult Congenital Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven Annemans
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Werner Budts
- KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Division of Congenital and Structural Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie De Backer
- Department of Adult Congenital Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Moniotte
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arianne Marelli
- McGill Adult Unit for Congenital Heart Disease Excellence (MAUDE Unit), McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Katya De Groote
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Bacterial Membrane Vesicles in Pneumonia: From Mediators of Virulence to Innovative Vaccine Candidates. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083858. [PMID: 33917862 PMCID: PMC8068278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia due to respiratory infection with most prominently bacteria, but also viruses, fungi, or parasites is the leading cause of death worldwide among all infectious disease in both adults and infants. The introduction of modern antibiotic treatment regimens and vaccine strategies has helped to lower the burden of bacterial pneumonia, yet due to the unavailability or refusal of vaccines and antimicrobials in parts of the global population, the rise of multidrug resistant pathogens, and high fatality rates even in patients treated with appropriate antibiotics pneumonia remains a global threat. As such, a better understanding of pathogen virulence on the one, and the development of innovative vaccine strategies on the other hand are once again in dire need in the perennial fight of men against microbes. Recent data show that the secretome of bacteria consists not only of soluble mediators of virulence but also to a significant proportion of extracellular vesicles—lipid bilayer-delimited particles that form integral mediators of intercellular communication. Extracellular vesicles are released from cells of all kinds of organisms, including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in which case they are commonly termed outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and membrane vesicles (MVs), respectively. (O)MVs can trigger inflammatory responses to specific pathogens including S. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, and L. pneumophila and as such, mediate bacterial virulence in pneumonia by challenging the host respiratory epithelium and cellular and humoral immunity. In parallel, however, (O)MVs have recently emerged as auspicious vaccine candidates due to their natural antigenicity and favorable biochemical properties. First studies highlight the efficacy of such vaccines in animal models exposed to (O)MVs from B. pertussis, S. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, and K. pneumoniae. An advanced and balanced recognition of both the detrimental effects of (O)MVs and their immunogenic potential could pave the way to novel treatment strategies in pneumonia and effective preventive approaches.
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Arsenović S, Gazibara T. Factors associated with seasonal influenza immunization in people with chronic diseases. MEDICINSKI PODMLADAK 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/mp72-31846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Annually, at a global level, 3 to 5 million people present severe clinical forms of seasonal influenza and up to 650 000 people die of influenza-related complications. People with chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, neurologic, hematologic and metabolic diseases or those reciveing immunosuppressive therapy, constitute a high-risk population group for the development of influenza-related complications, more severe clinical course and poorer health-related outcomes. Due to all of the above, people with chronic diseases are of high priority to receive the influenza vaccine. Immunization represents the key strategy to prevent influenza both in terms of effectiveness and health care costs. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, adequate seasonal influenza immunization coverage among people with chronic diseases is set at 75%. However, few countries achieve this threshold. Understanding predictive factors of vaccination, at different levels of health care delivery (such as individuals, service providers, health policy), is essential to secure acceptance of influenza immunization and achieve the recommended level of vaccination coverage. In this mini review, all the available evidence regarding seasonal influenza vaccination coverage is summarized, alongside factors associated with vaccine uptake in people with chronic diseases as a whole, as well as according to specific diseases such as: cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders, diabetes and cancer. Based on the reviewed empirical evidence, a wide spectrum of factors associated with immunization against influneza was found in people who have chronic diseases. Although diverse, these factors can be systematized into 4 distinctive groups: socio-demographic characteristics, individual attitudes and beliefs, health promoting behaviors and factors related to the health care system. Further efforts are needed to improve the seasonal influenza vaccination coverage. The immunization strategy needs to include the health care system and the community to support people with chronic diseases to continously accept the influenza vaccine.
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Zhao W, Wang Y, Tang Y, Zhao W, Fan Y, Liu G, Chen R, Song R, Zhou W, Liu Y, Zhang F. Characteristics of Children With Reactivation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection After Hospital Discharge. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2020; 59:929-932. [PMID: 32462940 DOI: 10.1177/0009922820928057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Zhao
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfen Tang
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rongqian Chen
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Song
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fujie Zhang
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, China
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Palestino G, García-Silva I, González-Ortega O, Rosales-Mendoza S. Can nanotechnology help in the fight against COVID-19? Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2020; 18:849-864. [PMID: 32574081 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1776115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus demands the development of strategies not only to detect or inactivate the virus, but to treat it (therapeutically and prophylactically). COVID-19 is not only a critical threat for the population with risk factors, but also generates a dramatic economic impact in terms of morbidity and the overall interruption of economic activities. AREAS COVERED Advanced materials are the basis of several technologies that could diminish the impact of COVID-19: biosensors might allow early virus detection, nanosized vaccines are powerful agents that could prevent viral infections, and nanosystems with antiviral activity could bind the virus for inactivation or destruction upon application of an external stimulus. Herein all these methods are discussed under the light of cutting-edge technologies and the previously reported prototypes targeting enveloped viruses similar to SARS-CoV-2. This analysis was derived from an extensive scientific literature search (including pubmed) performed on April 2020. EXPERT OPINION Perspectives on how biosensors, vaccines, and antiviral nanosystems can be implemented to fight COVID-19 are envisioned; identifying the approaches that can be implemented in the short term and those that deserve long term research to cope with respiratory viruses-related pandemics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Palestino
- Facultad De Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma De San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, México.,Sección De Biotecnología, Centro De Investigación En Ciencias De La Salud Y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma De San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Ileana García-Silva
- Facultad De Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma De San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, México.,Sección De Biotecnología, Centro De Investigación En Ciencias De La Salud Y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma De San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Omar González-Ortega
- Facultad De Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma De San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Facultad De Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma De San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, México.,Sección De Biotecnología, Centro De Investigación En Ciencias De La Salud Y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma De San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, México
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