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Thippornchai N, Pengpanich S, Jaroenram W, Kosoltanapiwat N, Sukphopetch P, Kiatpathomchai W, Leaungwutiwong P. A colorimetric reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification method targeting the L452R mutation to detect the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21961. [PMID: 39304686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has triggered global difficulties for both individuals and economies, with new variants continuing to emerge. The Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 remains most prevalent worldwide, and it affects the efficacy of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Expedited testing to detect the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 and monitor viral transmission is necessary. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a colorimetric reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) technique targeting the L452R mutation in the S gene for the specific detection of the Delta variant. In the test, positivity was indicated as a color change from purple to yellow. The assay's 95% limit of detection was 57 copies per reaction for the L452R (U1355G)-specific standard plasmid. Using 126 clinical samples, our assay displayed 100% specificity, 97.06% sensitivity, and 98.41% accuracy in identifying the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 compared to real-time RT-PCR. To our knowledge, this is the first colorimetric RT-LAMP assay that can differentiate the Delta variant from its generic SARS-CoV-2, enabling it as an approach for studying COVID-19 demography and facilitating proper effective control measure establishment to fight against the reemerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narin Thippornchai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sukanya Pengpanich
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Klong Neung, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wansadaj Jaroenram
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Klong Neung, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Nathamon Kosoltanapiwat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Passanesh Sukphopetch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Wansika Kiatpathomchai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Klong Neung, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Pornsawan Leaungwutiwong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Razavi Z, Soltani M, Souri M, Pazoki-Toroudi H. CRISPR-Driven Biosensors: A New Frontier in Rapid and Accurate Disease Detection. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-25. [PMID: 39288095 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2400267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the advancements and challenges in biosensing, with a strong emphasis on the transformative potential of CRISPR technology for early and rapid detection of infectious diseases. It underscores the versatility of CRISPR/Cas systems, highlighting their ability to detect both nucleic acids and non-nucleic acid targets, and their seamless integration with isothermal amplification techniques. The review provides a thorough examination of the latest developments in CRISPR-based biosensors, detailing the unique properties of CRISPR systems, such as their high specificity and programmability, which make them particularly effective for detecting disease-associated nucleic acids. While the review focuses on nucleic acid detection due to its critical role in diagnosing infectious diseases, it also explores the broader applications of CRISPR technology in detecting non-nucleic acid targets, thereby acknowledging the technology's broader potential. Additionally, the review identifies existing challenges, such as the need for improved signal amplification and real-world applicability, and offers future perspectives aimed at overcoming these hurdles. The ultimate goal is to advance the development of highly sensitive and specific CRISPR-based biosensors that can be used widely for improving human health, particularly in point-of-care settings and resource-limited environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZahraSadat Razavi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Biochemistry Research Center, Iran University Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Madjid Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Sustainable Business, International Business University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohammad Souri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Storms SM, Shisler J, Nguyen TH, Zuckermann FA, Lowe JF. Lateral flow paired with RT-LAMP: A speedy solution for Influenza A virus detection in swine. Vet Microbiol 2024; 296:110174. [PMID: 38981201 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Influenza A Virus in swine (IAV-S) is a zoonotic pathogen that is nearly ubiquitous in commercial swine in the USA. Swine possess sialic acid receptors that allow co-infection of human and avian viruses with the potential of pandemic reassortment. We aimed to develop a fast and robust testing method for IAV-S detection on swine farms. Two primers of the RT-LAMP assay were labeled for use in a lateral flow readout. A commercially available lateral flow kit was used to read the amplicon product. With a runtime of ∼ 45 minutes, the limit of detection for the assay is comparable with an RT-qPCR Cq less than 35, with a sensitivity of 83.5 % and a specificity of 89.6 %. This assay allows veterinarians and producers with limited access to diagnostic services to perform and detect Matrix gene amplification on-site with low equipment costs. The time from sample collection to detection is less than one hour, making this method an accessible, convenient, and affordable tool to prevent the spread of zoonotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanna M Storms
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
| | - Joanna Shisler
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Chemical and Life Sciences Laboratory, B103 CLSL, MC-110, S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Thanh H Nguyen
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Federico A Zuckermann
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
| | - James F Lowe
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
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Putra HG, Surja SS, Widowati TA, Ali S, Kaisar MMM. SARS-CoV-2 RT-LAMP in saliva: enhancing the results via a combination of cooling and specimen dilution procedure. Virusdisease 2024; 35:293-301. [PMID: 39071878 PMCID: PMC11269541 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-024-00870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) is a potential and relatively simple rapid diagnostics method for COVID-19 detection. This study aims to evaluate and optimize the RT-LAMP performance on saliva specimens based on a commercially available kit.Modifications on an established protocol (Protocol A) were used, including Proteinase K supplementation (Protocol B); pre-treatment using nuclease-free water and proteinase K (Protocol C); Saliva cooling (Protocol D); saliva dilution after pre-treatment (Protocol E); lastly a combination of saliva cooling and dilution (Protocol F). Protocol performances were evaluated by comparing success rates (SR), diagnostic accuracy (DA), sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Additionally, a correlation between the Ct value by RT-qPCR and RT-LAMP performance was analyzed.. A total of 106 specimens were used in this study. Protocols B and C showed 100% unreadable results, therefore were paused. Protocol F showed the highest SR (87.65%) compared to other protocols, with a slight compromise to DA (81.69%), sensitivity (57.14%), specificity (97.67%), PPV (94.12%), and NPV (77.78%). In the sub-analysis of the low Ct value group (Ct < 30), Protocol F demonstrated a higher success rate (86.57%) compared to protocol A (64.18%); increased 3.08% sensitivity and 2.42% NPV; comparable DA; minor reduction in specificity (A = 100%; F = 97.67%) and PPV (A = 100%; F = 92.31%). A combination of saliva cooling-dilution substantially increased the tested kit's success rate, despite a slight decrease in specificity and PPV. Findings confirmed the saliva cooling-dilution procedure was beneficial to the test's SR, sensitivity, and NPV in the low Ct value group. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-024-00870-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Gotama Putra
- Undergraduate Study Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 14440 Indonesia
| | - Sem Samuel Surja
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 14440 Indonesia
| | - Tria Asri Widowati
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 14440 Indonesia
| | - Soegianto Ali
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 14440 Indonesia
- Present Address: Master in Biomedicine Study Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 14440 Indonesia
| | - Maria Mardalena Martini Kaisar
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 14440 Indonesia
- Present Address: Master in Biomedicine Study Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 14440 Indonesia
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Okada PA, Nuchnoi P, Buayai K, Phuygun S, Thongpramul N, Plabplueng C, Rojanawiwat A, Uppapong B, Sirilak S. Impact of Omicron variant sublineage BA.2.75 on the OnSite COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test: the applicability of rapid antigen test with universal transport media. Infect Dis (Lond) 2024; 56:138-144. [PMID: 37970722 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2023.2280025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid antigen testing (RAT) is one of the most powerful tools for SARS-CoV-2 detection. The OnSite COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test is an antigen-based, point-of-care test approved by the WHO for Emergency Use Listing. The Nucleocapsid (N) gene mutations found in the emerging Omicron sublineages lead to the question of RAT performance. OBJECTIVE To ensure the diagnostic performance of the study RAT during rapidly mutated Omicron variants. RESULTS We independently evaluated the performance of this assay in 1098 archived samples collected in Thailand during October 2022-February 2023, which were 798 and 300 COVID-19 real-time RT-PCR positive and negative, respectively. The assay performed with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity using a cycle threshold (Ct) of <20 for the RT-PCR. The sensitivity decreased to 88% when using Ct <30. Most of the SARS-CoV-2 found were Omicron BA.2 (99%), harboring six known N mutations (P13L, E31del, S33del, R203K, G204R and S413R). Eight samples containing hybrid variants (XBB.1*, XBB.2 and XBJ) were detected by the study RAT. This RAT detects all Omicron sublineages known to be circulating in Thailand. CONCLUSIONS These results confirmed the good performance of the study RAT for detecting Omicron variants and its appropriateness for individual diagnosis and for genomic surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pornlada Nuchnoi
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kampaew Buayai
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Siripaporn Phuygun
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Nuttida Thongpramul
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Chotiros Plabplueng
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Ballang Uppapong
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Supakit Sirilak
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
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6
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Sritong N, Ngo WW, Ejendal KFK, Linnes JC. Development of an integrated sample amplification control for salivary point-of-care pathogen testing. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1287:342072. [PMID: 38182338 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rise in point-of-care (POC) and home-based tests, but concerns over usability, accuracy, and effectiveness have arisen. The incorporation of internal amplification controls (IACs), essential control for translational POC diagnostics, could mitigate false-negative and false-positive results due to sample matrix interference or inhibition. Although emerging POC nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for detecting SARS-CoV-2 show impressive analytical sensitivity in the lab, the assessment of clinical accuracy with IACs is often overlooked. In some cases, the IACs were run spatially, complicating assay workflow. Therefore, the multiplex assay for pathogen and IAC is needed. RESULTS We developed a one-pot duplex reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for saliva samples, a non-invasive and simple collected specimen for POC NAATs. The ORF1ab gene of SARS-CoV-2 was used as a target and a human 18S ribosomal RNA in human saliva was employed as an IAC to ensure clinical reliability of the RT-LAMP assay. The optimized assay could detect SARS-CoV-2 viral particles down to 100 copies/μL of saliva within 30 min without RNA extraction. The duplex RT-LAMP for SARS-CoV-2 and IAC is successfully amplified in the same reaction without cross-reactivity. The valid results were easily visualized in triple-line lateral flow immunoassay, in which two lines (flow control and IAC lines) represent valid negative results and three lines (flow control, IAC, and test line) represent valid positive results. This duplex assay demonstrated a clinical sensitivity of 95%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 96% in 30 clinical saliva samples. SIGNIFICANCE IACs play a crucial role in ensuring user confidence with respect to the accuracy and reliability of at-home and POC molecular diagnostics. We demonstrated the multiplex capability of SARS-COV-2 and human18S ribosomal RNA RT-LAMP without complicating assay design. This generic platform can be extended in a similar manner to include human18S ribosomal RNA IACs into different clinical sample matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaporn Sritong
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Winston Wei Ngo
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Karin F K Ejendal
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jacqueline C Linnes
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Pang S, Yu H, Zhang Y, Jiao Y, Zheng Z, Wang M, Zhang H, Liu A. Bioscreening specific peptide-expressing phage and its application in sensitive dual-mode immunoassay of SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen. Talanta 2024; 266:125093. [PMID: 37611368 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Biorecognition components with high affinity and selectivity are vital in bioassay to diagnose and treat epidemic disease. Herein a phage display strategy of combining single-amplification-panning with non-amplification-panning was developed, by which a phage displaying cyclic heptapeptide ACLDWLFNSC (peptide J4) with good affinity and specificity to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SP) was identified. Molecular docking suggests that peptide J4 binds to S2 subunit by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. Then the J4-phage was used as the capture antibody to establish phage-based chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analytical systems. The as-proposed dual-modal immunoassay platform exhibited good sensitivity and reliability in SARS-CoV-2 SP and pseudovirus assay. The limit of detection for SARS-CoV-2 SP by EIS immunoassay is 0.152 pg/mL, which is dramatically lower than that of 42 pg/mL for J4-phage based CLIA. Further, low to 40 transducing units (TU)/mL, 10 TU/mL SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses can be detected by the proposed J4-phage based CLIA and electrochemical immunosensor, respectively. Therefore, the as-developed dual mode immunoassays are potential methods to detect SARS-CoV-2. It is also expected to explore various phages with specific peptides to different targets for bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Pang
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Rd, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haipeng Yu
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Rd, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Rd, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yiming Jiao
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Rd, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zongmei Zheng
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Rd, Qingdao, 266071, China; Qingdao Hightop Biotech Co., Ltd, 369 Hedong Road, Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Qingdao, 266112, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Rd, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haohan Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Rd, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Rd, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Tao J, Yan H, Chen S, Du J, Zhou S, Guo H, Lu L, Fang J, Jin X, Wang Z, Ying H, Han W, Dai F. Establishment and application of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification-lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) method for detecting Clostridium piliforme. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1318. [PMID: 37922247 PMCID: PMC10949940 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clostridium piliforme (causative agent of Tyzzer disease) infects various animals, including primates, and hence a threat to animal and human health worldwide. At present, it is detected using traditional methods, such as path morphology, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Therefore, it is necessary to develop convenient, efficient visual molecular biological methods for detecting C. piliforme. OBJECTIVES To establish a method with good specificity, high sensitivity and simple operation for the detection of C. piliforme. METHODS In this study, we designed internal and external primers based on the conserved 23S rRNA region of C. piliforme to develop a biotin-labelled diarrhoea-suffered loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) system for detecting of C. piliforme and assessed the specificity, sensitivity and repeatability of the LAMP system. RESULTS The LAMP system did not exhibit cross-reactivity with 24 other common pathogenic species, indicating that it had good specificity. The minimum concentration of sensitivity was 1 × 10-7 ng/μL. Mouse models (Meriones unguiculatus) of Tyzzer disease were established and a LAMP-lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) was developed for detecting C. piliforme. The detection rate of C. piliforme was 5.08% in clean-grade animals and 9.96% in specific-pathogen-free-grade animals from Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. In addition, the detection rates of C. piliforme were 10.1%, 8.6% and 20%, in animals from Hangzhou, Wenzhou and Shaoxing, respectively. The detection rate of C. piliforme was higher in experimental animals used in schools than in those used in companies and research institutes. CONCLUSIONS The LAMP-LFD method established in this study can be used to detect C. piliforme in animals handled in laboratory facilities of universities, pharmaceutical enterprises and research and development institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Tao
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Huiqiong Yan
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Sisi Chen
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Jiangtao Du
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Shasang Zhou
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Honggang Guo
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Lingqun Lu
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Jie Fang
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyin Jin
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Huazhong Ying
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Wei Han
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Fangwei Dai
- Center of Laboratory AnimalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety ResearchHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
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Sritong N, Ngo WW, Ejendal KFK, Linnes JC. Development of an Integrated Sample Amplification Control for Salivary Point-of-Care Pathogen Testing. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.10.03.23296477. [PMID: 37873363 PMCID: PMC10593008 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.03.23296477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rise in point-of-care (POC) and home-based tests, but concerns over usability, accuracy, and effectiveness have arisen. The incorporation of internal amplification controls (IACs), essential control for translational POC diagnostics, could mitigate false-negative and false-positive results due to sample matrix interference or inhibition. Although emerging POC nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for detecting SARS-CoV-2 show impressive analytical sensitivity in the lab, the assessment of clinical accuracy with IACs is often overlooked. In some cases, the IACs were run spatially, complicating assay workflow. Therefore, the multiplex assay for pathogen and IAC is needed. Results We developed a one-pot duplex reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for saliva samples, a non-invasive and simple collected specimen for POC NAATs. The ORF1ab gene of SARS-CoV-2 was used as a target and a human 18S ribosomal RNA in human saliva was employed as an IAC to ensure clinical reliability of the RT-LAMP assay. The optimized assay could detect SARS-CoV-2 viral particles down to 100 copies/μL of saliva within 30 minutes without RNA extraction. The duplex RT-LAMP for SARS-CoV-2 and IAC is successfully amplified in the same reaction without cross-reactivity. The valid results were easily visualized in triple-line lateral flow immunoassay, in which two lines (flow control and IAC lines) represent valid negative results and three lines (flow control, IAC, and test line) represent valid positive results. This duplex assay demonstrated a clinical sensitivity of 95%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 96% in 30 clinical saliva samples. Significance IACs play a crucial role in ensuring user confidence with respect to the accuracy and reliability of at-home and POC molecular diagnostics. We demonstrated the multiplex capability of SARS-COV-2 and human18S ribosomal RNA RT-LAMP without complicating assay design. This generic platform can be extended in a similar manner to include human18S ribosomal RNA IACs into different clinical sample matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaporn Sritong
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Winston Wei Ngo
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Karin F. K. Ejendal
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jacqueline C. Linnes
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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