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Yazdi F, Chaboksavar F, Malekzadeh R, Ziapour A, Yoosefi Lebni J, Janjani P, Hamidipour N, Fard Azar AAE, Darabi F, Garosi VH, Kianipour N. Role of demographic variables in investigating occupational stress of disaster and emergency medical management center. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:289. [PMID: 37849883 PMCID: PMC10578552 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1300_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency medical services face stressful environments such as departments dealing with injuries and sick patients that pose challenging situations for the healthcare staff. This present study investigates the role of demographic variables in investigating occupational stress of disaster and emergency medical management center in 2021. MATERIALS AND METHODS This present descriptive study selected a sample size of 200 medical personnel associated with disaster and emergency medical management center in Iran, according to the inclusion chosen criteria. The study used a tool consisting of two parts, including demographic information and a job stress Health and Safety Executive (HSE) standard questionnaire. The study selected respondents through Cochran's sample size formula using stratified random sampling with a cross-sectional research design for data collection. This present study has analyzed received data using performed the descriptive and inferential information (t-test and one-way ANOVA) at a significance level P < 0.05. The participants of the survey were males only. RESULTS The study results specified that the mean age of respondents was 30.14 ± 5.96. The study results exhibited that the mean score of total occupational stress was 3.41 ± 0.26. The results showed the highest (4.34 ± 0.35) and the lowest (2.72 ± 0.86) stress levels were related to role dimensions. CONCLUSIONS The study findings revealed a significant relationship between stress level and participants' age, marital status, educational level, type of base, workplace, and the number of work hours per month. Emergency medical personnel experience a high level of occupational stress. Senior managers can use similar studies to implement measures to reduce the experience of employees' stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Yazdi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Fakhreddin Chaboksavar
- Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. Iran
| | - Roya Malekzadeh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Arash Ziapour
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Imam-Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Javad Yoosefi Lebni
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Parisa Janjani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Imam-Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nasim Hamidipour
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Darabi
- Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
| | - Vahid Hatami Garosi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Imam-Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Neda Kianipour
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Galanis P, Fragkou D, Katsoulas TA. Risk factors for stress among police officers: A systematic literature review. Work 2021; 68:1255-1272. [PMID: 33867384 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is common among police personnel leading to several negative consequences. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic literature review to identify risk factors for stress among police officers. METHODS We searched PubMed and Scopus electronic databases through to July 2018 and we conducted this review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for studies quality assessment. RESULTS After selection, 29 cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria and included in the review. The average quality of studies was low since no study was rated as having low risk of bias, three studies (10.3%) as moderate risk and 26 studies (89.7%) were rated as having high risk of bias. Stress risk factors were summarized in the following categories: demographic characteristics; job characteristics; lifestyle factors; negative coping strategies and negative personality traits. CONCLUSIONS Identification of stress risk factors is the first step to create and adopt the appropriate interventions to decrease stress among police personnel. The early identification of police officers at higher risk and the appropriate screening for mental health disorders is crucial to prevent disease and promote quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Galanis
- Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Fragkou
- Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros A Katsoulas
- Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Embse N, Ryan SV, Gibbs T, Mankin A. Teacher stress interventions: A systematic review. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Embse
- College of EducationUniversity of South FloridaTampa Florida
| | - Shannon V. Ryan
- College of EducationTemple UniversityPhiladelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Tera Gibbs
- College of EducationTemple UniversityPhiladelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Ariel Mankin
- College of EducationTemple UniversityPhiladelphia Pennsylvania
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Massage Therapy in Management of Occupational Stress in Emergency Medical Services Staffs: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork 2019; 12:16-22. [PMID: 30854151 PMCID: PMC6398989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of various studies indicate that emergency medical service (EMS) staff suffer from occupational stress that adversely affects their quality of life and their care quality. PURPOSE This study aimed at determining the effect of massage on occupational stress experienced by emergency medical service staff. SETTING Prehospital emergency medical services stations of a city in the southwest of Iran. PARTICIPANTS A total of 58 members of staff of the emergency medical services, working in prehospital emergency medical services stations. RESEARCH DESIGN In this randomized controlled trial, a total of 58 EMS staff were selected from prehospital EMS stations, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then assigned in two groups (29 in massage and 29 in control group) randomly by the minimization method. The intervention group received Swedish massage, twice a week for four weeks in the morning after the end of the work shift. Each massage session lasted 20-25 minutes. Subjects in the control group received no intervention. The level of occupational stress of the two groups was measured under the same conditions before and after the intervention by using the expanded nurses' occupational stress scale (ENSS). Data were analyzed with the SPSS16 software by using the chi-squared test, paired and independent-sample t tests, one-way ANCOVA. P value < .05 was considered as the level of significance. RESULTS The mean and SD of total occupational stress scores in the control group was 114.41±30.11 in pretest and reach to 112.58± 30.62 in posttest stage. Also the mean and SD of total occupational stress scores in the intervention group was 130.20±26.45 in pretest and reach to 110.41±21.75 in posttest stage. A one-way ANCOVA showed that there is a significant effect of massage on EMS staff's occupational stress level after controlling for pretest score (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS The training and the application of massage therapy can serve as an effective method in reducing occupational stress in emergency medical centers.
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Lu F, Xu Y, Yu Y, Peng L, Wu T, Wang T, Liu B, Xie J, Xu S, Li M. Moderating Effect of Mindfulness on the Relationships Between Perceived Stress and Mental Health Outcomes Among Chinese Intensive Care Nurses. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:260. [PMID: 31057445 PMCID: PMC6482227 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the potential moderating effect of mindfulness and its facets on the relationships among perceived stress and mental health outcomes (burnout, depression, anxiety, and subjective well-being) among Chinese intensive care nurses. A total of 500 Chinese intensive care nurses completed self-report measures of mindfulness, burnout syndromes, perceived stress, depression, anxiety, and subjective well-being. Correlation and hierarchical multiple regressions were applied for data analysis. Mindfulness moderated the effects of perceived stress on emotional exhaustion (the core component of burnout syndrome), depression, anxiety, positive affect, and negative affect but not on the other two dimensions of burnout and life satisfaction. Further analyses indicated that the ability to act with awareness was particularly crucial in improving the effects of perceived stress on depression. These results further broaden our understanding of the relationships between perceived stress and burnout, depression, anxiety, and subjective well-being by demonstrating that mindfulness may serve as a protective factor that alleviates or eliminates the negative effects of perceived stress on depression, anxiety, burnout syndrome, and subjective well-being and may instigate further research into targeted mindfulness interventions for Chinese intensive care nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lu
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongju Yu
- Department of Sociology, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Peng
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Botao Liu
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junpeng Xie
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Xu
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Schnitzler L, Kosny A, Lifshen M. Healthcare providers' experience with the management of mental health conditions in the context of Workers' Compensation. Work 2018; 59:449-462. [PMID: 29630586 DOI: 10.3233/wor-182695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about how healthcare providers (HCPs) in Canada manage mental health claims and the return to work (RTW) of injured workersOBJECTIVE:To examine HCPs' experience and challenges on the treatment of mental health conditions (MHCs) in the context of Workers' Compensation (WC) processes and their involvement in RTW. METHODS Ninety-seven interviews with HCPs (general practitioners, n = 59; allied HCPs, n = 19; specialists, n = 19) were conducted in British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario and Newfoundland. A thematic content analysis was used to analyze interviews. RESULTS HCPs reported that while RTW is extolled at virtually all costs by WC boards, they did not always see it as beneficial. Most HCPs were convinced that successful recovery and RTW depend on being aware of how mental and physical health is intertwined and treating both issues. Organizational barriers within WC processes and adversarial relationships between injured workers (IWs) and WC boards made it difficult for HCPs to adequately treat patients and facilitate RTW. Dealing with IWs' MHCs and their emotional distress due to 'going through WC systems' was challenging. CONCLUSIONS WC boards must identify how policies can be modified to mitigate compensation processes and RTW for WC claimants with MHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Schnitzler
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Agnieszka Kosny
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marni Lifshen
- Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Vong LTN, Ngan HFB, Lo PCP. Does organizational climate moderate the relationship between job stress and intent to stay? JOURNAL OF CHINESE HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/jchrm-09-2017-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating influence of organizational climate in the relationship between job stress and intent to stay.
Design/methodology/approach
This study has used a non-probability sampling design for data collection. A semi-structured questionnaire has been prepared and a street survey has been carried out at popular public places in Macau.
Findings
This study shows that stressful employees working in organizations characterized by unsupportive organizational climate had far less desire to stay with the organization than those working in organizations with supportive organizational climate.
Research limitations/implications
Street intercept survey is a technique of convenience sampling. This makes it difficult to generalize the study’s findings to the entire population.
Originality/value
Few studies to date have paid attention to the influence of organizational climate between job stress and intent to stay. The multi-industry context from which the data are collected suggests that the results and findings are useful to managers and practitioners from across a broad range of business sectors.
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Workers’ Age and the Impact of Psychological Factors on the Perception of Safety at Construction Sites. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9050745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The safety of construction workers is always a major concern at construction sites as the construction industry is inherently dangerous with many factors influencing worker safety. Several studies concluded that psychological factors such as workload, organizational relationships, mental stress, job security, and job satisfaction have significant effects on workers’ safety. However, research on psychological factors that are characteristic of different age groups have been limited. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of psychological factors on the perception of worker safety for two different age groups. After an extensive literature review, different psychological factors were identified, and a hypothetical research model was developed based on psychological factors that could affect workers’ perception of safety. A survey instrument was developed, and data were collected from seven different construction sites in Pakistan. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the hypothetical model for both age groups. The results revealed that workload and job satisfaction are significantly dominant factors on workers’ perception of safety in older workers, whereas organizational relationships, mental stress, and job security are dominant factors for younger workers at construction sites.
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Taylor NZ, Millear PMR. The contribution of mindfulness to predicting burnout in the workplace. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Berecki-Gisolf J, Smith PM, Collie A, McClure RJ. Gender differences in occupational injury incidence. Am J Ind Med 2015; 58:299-307. [PMID: 25641425 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the frequency and distribution of workplace injury claims by gender, and quantify the extent to which observed gender differences in injury claim rates are attributable to differential exposure to work-related factors. METHODS WorkSafe Victoria (Australia) workers' compensation data (254,704 claims with affliction onset 2004-2011) were analysed. Claim rates were calculated by combining compensation data with state-wide employment data. RESULTS Mental disorder claim rates were 1.9 times higher among women; physical injury claim rates were 1.4 times higher among men. Adjusting for occupational group reversed the gender difference in musculoskeletal and tendon injury claim rates, i.e., these were more common in women than men after adjusting for occupational exposure. CONCLUSIONS Men had higher rates of physical injury claims than women, but this was mostly attributable to occupational factors. Women had higher rates of mental disorder claims than men; this was not fully explained by industry or occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter M. Smith
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Alex Collie
- Institute for Safety; Compensation and Recovery Research; Monash University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Roderick J. McClure
- Harvard Injury Control Research Center; Harvard School of Population Health; Boston Massachusetts
- Institute for Work & Health; Toronto ON Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health; University of Toronto; ON Canada
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McKenzie DM. The role of mediation in resolving workplace relationship conflict. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY 2015; 39:52-59. [PMID: 25660062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Stress triggered by workplace-based interpersonal conflict can result in damaged relationships, loss of productivity, diminished job satisfaction and increasingly, workers' compensation claims for psychological injury. This paper examined the literature on the role and effectiveness of mediation, as the most common method of Alternative Dispute Resolution, in resolving workplace relationship conflict. Available evidence suggests that mediation is most effective when supported by organisational commitment to ADR strategies, policies and processes, and conducted by independent, experienced and qualified mediators. The United States Postal Service program REDRESS™ is described as an illustration of the successful use of mediation to resolve conflict in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna Margaret McKenzie
- Institute for Safety, Compensation and Recovery Research, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Stough C, Simpson T, Lomas J, McPhee G, Billings C, Myers S, Oliver C, Downey LA. Reducing occupational stress with a B-vitamin focussed intervention: a randomized clinical trial: study protocol. Nutr J 2014; 13:122. [PMID: 25533338 PMCID: PMC4290459 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Workplace stress in Australia and other western countries has been steadily increasing over the past decade. It can be observed not only in terms of increased compensation claims but also costs due to absenteeism, loss of productivity at work and reduced psychological and physiological health and well-being. Given the cost and pervasive effects of stress in the modern workforce, time efficient and cost-effective interventions capable of reducing occupational stress (or strain) and burnout are urgently required for the improved well-being of stressed employees. One intervention gaining scientific traction is supplementation with nutritional interventions, particularly the B group vitamins. Methods This study was developed to examine the effects of B group vitamins on workplace stress and mood variables with a sample of full-time employed older adults who subjectively report feeling stressed. The study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-groups clinical trial where 200 (N = 100/group) participants will be randomized to receive Blackmores® Executive B Stress Formula or placebo daily for a period of 6 months. Participants will be tested at baseline and 6 months post-randomization on workplace stress, cognitive, personality and mood measures, cardiovascular (brachial and aortic systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as arterial stiffness), biochemical (assays to measure inflammation and safety) as well as genetic assessments (to assess stress processing) and neuroimaging measures (to investigate in vivo mechanisms of action of B vitamins). In addition to this pre- and post- supplementation testing, participants will also complete a battery of self-report questionnaires online to assess their stress and mood once a month for the duration of the study. The primary aim of the study is to investigate the effects of B vitamin supplementation on work related stress. The secondary aims are to explore the mechanisms underpinning any changes in mood or workplace stress due to the B vitamin intervention by examining relationships between cognitive, biological, neuroimaging and cardiovascular variables over 6 months. A subset of 40 participants (N = 20/group) will undergo neuroimaging at baseline and at 6 months using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in order to further explore in vivo mechanisms of action of B vitamins. Trial registration Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR):ACTRN12613000294752
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Affiliation(s)
- Con Stough
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, PO Box 218, HawthornVictoria, Melbourne, Australia.
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Brijnath B, Mazza D, Singh N, Kosny A, Ruseckaite R, Collie A. Mental health claims management and return to work: qualitative insights from Melbourne, Australia. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2014; 24:766-776. [PMID: 24647855 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-014-9506-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental health conditions (MHC) are an increasing reason for claiming injury compensation in Australia; however little is known about how these claims are managed by different gatekeepers to injury entitlements. This study, drawing on the views of four stakeholders-general practitioners (GPs), injured persons, employers and compensation agents, aims to describe current management of MHC claims and to identify the current barriers to return to work (RTW) for injured persons with a MHC claim and/or mental illness. METHODS Ninety-three in-depth interviews were undertaken with GPs, compensation agents, employers and injured persons. Data were collected in Melbourne, Australia. Thematic techniques were used to analyse data. RESULTS MHC claims were complex to manage because of initial assessment and diagnostic difficulties related to the invisibility of the injury, conflicting medical opinions and the stigma associated with making a MHC claim. Mental illness also developed as a secondary issue in the recovery process. These factors made MHC difficult to manage and impeded timely RTW. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to undertake further research (e.g. guideline development) to improve current practice in order to enable those with MHC claims to make a timely RTW. Further education and training interventions (e.g. on diagnosis and management of MHC) are also needed to enable GPs, employers and compensation agents to better assess and manage MHC claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Brijnath
- Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Primary Care, Monash University, Building 1, 270 Ferntree Gully Rd., Notting Hill, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia,
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Joosen MCW, Brouwers EPM, van Beurden KM, Terluin B, Ruotsalainen JH, Woo JM, Choi KS, Eguchi H, Moriguchi J, van der Klink JJL, van Weeghel J. An international comparison of occupational health guidelines for the management of mental disorders and stress-related psychological symptoms. Occup Environ Med 2014; 72:313-22. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2013-101626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Carlisle KN, Parker AW. Psychological distress and pain reporting in Australian coal miners. Saf Health Work 2014; 5:203-9. [PMID: 25516813 PMCID: PMC4266779 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coal mining is of significant economic importance to the Australian economy. Despite this fact, the related workforce is subjected to a number of psychosocial risks and musculoskeletal injury, and various psychological disorders are common among this population group. Because only limited research has been conducted in this population group, we sought to examine the relationship between physical (pain) and psychological (distress) factors, as well as the effects of various demographic, lifestyle, and fatigue indicators on this relationship. Methods Coal miners (N = 231) participated in a survey of musculoskeletal pain and distress on-site during their work shifts. Participants also provided demographic information (job type, age, experience in the industry, and body mass index) and responded to questions about exercise and sleep quality (on- and off-shift) as well as physical and mental tiredness after work. Results A total of 177 workers (80.5%) reported experiencing pain in at least one region of their body. The majority of the sample population (61.9%) was classified as having low-level distress, 28.4% had scores indicating mild to moderate distress, and 9.6% had scores indicating high levels of distress. Both number of pain regions and job type (being an operator) significantly predicted distress. Higher distress score was also associated with greater absenteeism in workers who reported lower back pain. In addition, perceived sleep quality during work periods partially mediated the relationship between pain and distress. Conclusion The study findings support the existence of widespread musculoskeletal pain among the coal-mining workforce, and this pain is associated with increased psychological distress. Operators (truck drivers) and workers reporting poor sleep quality during work periods are most likely to report increased distress, which highlights the importance of supporting the mining workforce for sustained productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy N Carlisle
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anthony W Parker
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Sultan-Taïeb H, Chastang JF, Mansouri M, Niedhammer I. The annual costs of cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders attributable to job strain in France. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:748. [PMID: 23941511 PMCID: PMC3751631 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work stress has become a major occupational risk factor in industrialized countries and an important economic issue. The objective was to estimate the annual costs of coronary heart diseases (CHD) and mental disorders (MD) attributable to job strain exposure according to Karasek's model in France for the year 2003 from a societal perspective. METHODS We produced attributable fraction estimates which were applied to the number of cases (morbidity and mortality) and the costs of CHD and MD. Relative risk estimates came from a systematic literature review of prospective studies. We conducted meta-analyses based on this selection of studies. Prevalence of exposure to job strain came from the national SUMER survey conducted in France in 2003. Costs included direct medical costs and indirect costs: production losses due to sick leaves and premature deaths. RESULTS Between 8.8 and 10.2% of CHD morbidity was attributable to job strain, and between 9.4 and 11.2% of CHD mortality was attributable to this exposure for men. Between 15.2 and 19.8% of MD was attributable to job strain for men, and between 14.3 and 27.1% for women. As a whole, between 450 000 and 590 000 cases of diseases and 910-1130 deaths were attributable to job strain for men. From 730 000 to 1 380 000 cases of diseases and from 150 to 280 deaths were attributable to job strain for women. The total number of sick leave days amounted from 5 to 6.6 million days for men, and from 8.5 to 16 million days for women. The total costs of CHD and MD attributable to job strain exposure ranged from 1.8 to 3 billion euros for the year 2003 (0.12-0.19% GDP). Medical costs accounted for 11% of the total costs, value of life costs accounted for 13-15% and sick leave costs for 74-77%. The cost of CHD was estimated at 113-133 million euros and the cost of MD was between 1.7 - 2.8 billion euros in 2003. CONCLUSION This study on the economic burden of diseases attributable to job strain in France provides relevant insights for policy-makers when defining public health priorities for prevention policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Sultan-Taïeb
- Département d’organisation et ressources humaines, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la biologie, la santé, la société et l’environnement (CINBIOSE), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Laboratoire d’Économie Gestion (UMR CNRS 5118), Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-François Chastang
- INSERM, U1018, CESP Centre for research in epidemiology and population health, Epidemiology of occupational and social determinants of health team, Villejuif, France
- Univ Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Université de Versailles St-Quentin, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Malika Mansouri
- Laboratoire d’Économie Gestion (UMR CNRS 5118), Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Isabelle Niedhammer
- INSERM, U1018, CESP Centre for research in epidemiology and population health, Epidemiology of occupational and social determinants of health team, Villejuif, France
- Univ Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
- Université de Versailles St-Quentin, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
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The recognition of occupational diseases attributed to heavy workloads: experiences in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2011; 85:791-9. [PMID: 22109675 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-011-0722-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Health problems caused by long working hours and work stress have gained growing concerns in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. In all the three countries, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and mental disorders attributed to heavy workloads or stressful work events are considered compensable occupational diseases by workers' compensation systems. This study compared the trends of such cases and correlated the trends with changes in working hours during the period from 1980 to 2010. METHODS Data on occupational diseases were obtained from official statistics of the workers' compensation systems. Information on working hours was obtained from official statistics and national surveys of employees. RESULTS While occupational cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and mental disorders attributed to work stress were increasingly compensated in all the three countries, the averaged working hours and the percentage of employees with long working hours had been in decline discordantly. CONCLUSION Findings of this study suggested that reducing working hours alone is unlikely to reduce the problems of work stress. There is an urgent need to monitor and regulate a wider range of psychosocial work hazards. Especially, precarious employment and its associated health risks should be targeted for effective prevention of stress-related health problems in the workplace.
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