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Farias SNPD, Souza NVDDO, Varella TCMYML, Andrade KBSD, Soares SSS, Carvalho EC. Pejotização and implications for nursing work in Brazil: repercussions of neoliberalism. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2023; 57:e20220396. [PMID: 37285577 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0396en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze pejotização in the context of nursing work and the respective implications for the protection and health of these professionals. METHOD Documentary study, which had news, resolutions, and recommendations issued by the Federal Nursing Council and the Regional Nursing Councils as data collection source, which underwent lexical analysis, based on data processing using the software Iramuteq. RESULTS Six news items were captured for analysis. The similitude analysis was built with 40 active forms and six discussion centers were generated, with the most expressive lexicons in each of these being outsourcing, economic, pejotização, deputy, Federal Nursing Council, Bill of Law. CONCLUSION In the quest to increase capital based on neoliberal ideas, strategies are produced that put the workers' and users' health and safety at risk. Pejotização leads to loss of labor rights, as it deprives the worker of consolidated labor achievements, such as the 13th salary, paid vacations, sick leave and, above all, insecurities are generated in relation to the future, with few guarantees, causing negative impacts on these workers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eloá Carneiro Carvalho
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Costa A, Caldas de Almeida T, Fialho M, Rasga C, Martiniano H, Santos O, Virgolino A, Vicente AM, Heitor MJ. Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals: Two Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Portugal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3131. [PMID: 36833822 PMCID: PMC9968046 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic increased psychosocial risk factors among healthcare professionals (HCPs). Objective: To characterize Portuguese HCPs mental health (MH), estimate anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and burnout symptoms, and identify risk/protective factors. A cross-sectional online survey and a longitudinal assessment were conducted in 2020 (T0) and 2021 (T1). Sociodemographic and occupational variables, COVID-19-related experiences and protective behavior data were collected from a non-probabilistic sample of HCPs in Portugal. Symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD, burnout and resilience were assessed using the Portuguese versions of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (MBSM) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), respectively. Risk and protective factors were identified through simple and multiple logistic regression models. Overall, 2027 participants answered the survey in T0 and 1843 in T1. The percentage of moderate-to-severe symptoms decreased from T0 to T1; however, a considerable proportion of HCPs reported symptoms of distress in both years. Being a woman, working in a COVID-19-treatment frontline position and work-life balance increased the odds of distress. High resilience, good social/family support, and hobbies/lifestyle maintenance were found to be protective factors. Globally, our results show that performing as a HCP during the pandemic may result in long-term effects on MH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Costa
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Caldas de Almeida
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mónica Fialho
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Célia Rasga
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo Martiniano
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Osvaldo Santos
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Unbreakable Idea Research, 2550-426 Painho, Portugal
| | - Ana Virgolino
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Astrid Moura Vicente
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Heitor
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal
- Sociedade Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, 1050-096 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Saúde (CIIS), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 2635-631 Sintra, Portugal
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Ajejas Bazán M, Fuentes Mora C, Ballester Orcal LE, Puerro Vicente M, Herrero Pérez L, Wärnberg J, Pérez Rivas FJ, Pérez Farinós N. A Questionnaire Survey of Personal and Occupational Variables Associated With SARS-COV-2 Infection in Health Care Personnel of the Spanish Central Military Hospital. Mil Med 2023; 188:166-173. [PMID: 34718691 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usab366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Spain is the country with the highest number of health care workers affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the world. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection in health care worker (HCW) at the Gómez Ulla Military Hospital (HCDGU). MATERIALS AND METHODS A case-control study was conducted during the first outbreak of COVID 19 at GUMH. The study was extended to the total number of HCW in the hospital who met the inclusion criteria. Health care worker of the HCDGU were civilian and military personnel that included nursing and medicine students of Spanish Military Academy, medicine specialty residents, and nursing residents of Medical Surgical Specialty in Operations (EMQO). A questionnaire of 33 items was prepared. The questionnaire was sent by e-mail to the entire population of study. With this questionnaire personnel were classified into sick (cases) or healthy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS One hundred fifty professionals answered the questionnaire. Cases were defined as those who tested positive in the diagnostic tests (n = 28, 20.7%) and no cases were those who tested negative (n = 107, 79.3%). Therefore, the percentage of SARS-CoV-2 in the GUMH was 20.7%. Of the total number of cases, 64.3% were men (P < .05), with a mean age of 47.1 years (SD 13.3), a mean BMI of 25.3 (SD 3.8), and 48.2% being overweight. Of the total cases, 59.3% had "A" blood group type and 69.2% were Rh positive. 50% were physicians, 32.1% were nurses, and 17.9% were auxiliary nurses (P < .05). Cases and controls with vitamin D deficiency and who took supplements had a lower risk of suffering COVID-19, with significant differences. Fever, cough, and diarrhea were found in at least 50% of the samples with significant differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mj Ajejas Bazán
- Nursing Department, Military School of Health, Central Defense Academy, Madrid 28047, Spain.,Nursing Department, Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry Faculty, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - C Fuentes Mora
- Coordination and Teaching Department, Central Defense Hospital, Madrid 28047, Spain
| | - L E Ballester Orcal
- CBRN Infectious Diseases Department and Medical Medicine Department, Hospital Central de la Defensa, Madrid 28047, Spain
| | - M Puerro Vicente
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - L Herrero Pérez
- Subdirectorate General for Planning, Directorate General of Personnel, Ministry of Defence, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - J Wärnberg
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - F J Pérez Rivas
- Nursing Department, Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry Faculty, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - N Pérez Farinós
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga 29071, Spain
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Yin Q, Shao X, Zhang R, Fan J, Dong W, Deng G. Psychophysical Risk Perceptions and Sleep Quality of Medical Assistance Team Members in Square Cabin Hospitals: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10102048. [PMID: 36292495 PMCID: PMC9602534 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the perceptions of psychophysical risks and sleep quality of Medical Assistance Team Members (MATMs) in Square Cabin Hospitals. Methods: Repeated cross-sectional data collection was conducted in Square Cabin Hospitals during two large-scale lockdowns. The first wave was sampled from MATMs dispatched to Wuhan and the second was from MATMs dispatched to Shanghai. Participants completed online questionnaires comprised of the Risk Perception Questionnaire (RPQ), Positive and negative emotions scale (PANAS), and Sleep Quality Scale (SQS), measuring the psychophysical risk perceptions about the MATMs’ current work, emotional states, and sleep quality. Changes across two waves of data collection were statistically parsed using the exploratory factor analysis and regression models. Results: Data of 220 participants from first-wave samples [S1] and 300 from second-wave samples [S2] were analyzed. Participants reported more worries about physical risks, such as inadequate protection methods and being infected, and S1 rated higher on all risks compared with S2 (as the biggest p-value was 0.021). Across the different situations, the dominant emotional states of MATMs were positive; a higher level of psychophysical risk perceptions, negative emotional states, and poor sleep quality were consistently interrelated. The psychophysical risk perceptions predicted sleep quality. Negative emotions as a state variable intensified the relationship between physical risk perceptions and sleep quality (bindirect effect = 1.084, bootstrapped CI = [0.705, 1.487]). Conclusions: The results provide important evidence that MATMs’ higher level of psychophysical risk perceptions associated with negative emotions could indicate worse sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlan Yin
- Department of Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoqin Shao
- Department of Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Nursing, No. 989 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Forces of PLA, Luoyang 471031, China
| | - Jiemei Fan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Psychology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (W.D.); (G.D.)
| | - Guanghui Deng
- Department of Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (W.D.); (G.D.)
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Aram SA, Saalidong BM, Opoku EO, Sam Hayford I. Perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Ghana: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e653. [PMID: 35702514 PMCID: PMC9178411 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The COVID-19 pandemic has stretched many healthcare systems, and it is having detrimental impacts on healthcare workers at the forefront, fighting to save lives. This study sought to assess the relationship between job factors and the perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 at the workplace among healthcare workers and how the relationships are augmented when sociodemographic characteristics are taken into consideration in a limited resource setting (Ghana). Methods A cross-sectional survey of 455 respondents was conducted. Results Overall, 5.93% of the respondents perceived low risk of contracting COVID-19 while 69.45% and 24.62% perceived medium and high risks of contracting COVID-19 at the workplace, respectively. The odds of a high perceived risk versus the combined medium and low perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 at the workplace was 0.461 times lower for healthcare workers who rated their workplace safety systems as good and 0.515 and 0.170 times lower for healthcare workers who indicated occasional and frequent work environment situational assessment (situational awareness), respectively. The odds of high perceived risk were 2.239 times higher for workers who are always emotionally fatigued and 1.829 times higher for healthcare workers who frequently contribute personally to workplace decision-making. The perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 at the workplace was also 1.780 times higher for healthcare workers with tertiary education. Conclusion In terms of health and safety at work, this study recommends that there should be an improvement in implementing safety protocols at health facilities to increase the confidence of healthcare workers. Furthermore, social and psychological support and work environment situational assessment, which can reduce stress and anxiety levels among the healthcare workers, should be implemented if contributing factors such as working outside their area of expertise or job scope cannot be eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Appah Aram
- Department of Environmental ScienceUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana
- College of Safety and Emergency Management EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanChina
| | | | - Erica Odwira Opoku
- Department of Economics and ManagementTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanChina
| | - Isaac Sam Hayford
- Department of Economics and ManagementTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanChina
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Shinan-Altman S, Schiff M, Rosenne H, Chen W, Kaofer H, Zeevi S, Nir-Paz R. Perceived support and preparedness for the next pandemic among Israeli social workers in hospital settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2022; 61:243-260. [PMID: 35575192 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2022.2076765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the conditions under which Israeli social workers in hospital settings operated s during the COVID-19 pandemic, and assesses their perceived support (informal and organizational support) and preparedness for the next pandemic. It further assesses correlates for perceived support and associations between perceived support and preparedness. The participants were 163 social workers from four hospitals who completed an on-line survey. The findings revealed that the level of exposure to COVID-19 and fear of contracting COVID-19 were unrelated to perceived informal and organizational support. Age and having children who are minors living at home moderated the relationship between fear of contracting COVID-19 and both types of perceived support. Each type of perceived support was significantly associated with preparedness beyond age, having minors at home, exposure to COVID-19, and fear of contracting COVID-19. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Shinan-Altman
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Miriam Schiff
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University, Jerusalem Israel
| | | | - Wendy Chen
- Social Services DepartmentSheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hanna Kaofer
- Social Work Services, Barzilai university Medical Center Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Sagit Zeevi
- Department of Social WorkRambam Health care campus, Haifa, Israel
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7
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Introducing the International Journal of Nursing Studies – Advances. Int J Nurs Stud 2022; 127:104177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Romero-García M, Delgado-Hito P, Gálvez-Herrer M, Antonio Ángel-Sesmero J, Raquel Velasco-Sanz T, Benito-Aracil L, Heras-La Calle G. Moral distress, emotional impact and coping in intensive care units staff during the outbreack of COVID-19. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2022; 70:103206. [PMID: 35120794 PMCID: PMC8776502 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2022.103206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background From the beginning, the COVID-19 pandemic increased ICU workloads and created exceptionally difficult ethical dilemmas. ICU staff around the world have been subject to high levels of moral stress, potentially leading to mental health problems. There is only limited evidence on moral distress levels and coping styles among Spanish ICU staff, and how they influenced health professionals’ mental health during the pandemic. Objectives To assess moral distress, related mental health problems (anxiety and depression), and coping styles among ICU staff during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Design Cross-sectional. Settings and participants The study setting consisted of intensive care unit and areas converted into intensive care units in public and private hospitals. A total of 434 permanent and temporary intensive care staff (reassigned due to the pandemic from other departments to units) answered an online questionnaire between March and June 2020. Methods Sociodemographic and job variables, moral distress, anxiety, depression, and coping mechanisms were anonymously evaluated through a self-reported questionnaire. Descriptive and correlation analyses were conducted and multivariate linear regression models were developed to explore the predictive ability of moral distress and coping on anxiety and depression. Results Moral distress during the pandemic is determined by situations related to the patient and family, the intensive care unit, and resource management of the organisations themselves. intensive care unit staff already reached moderate levels of moral distress, anxiety, and depression during the first wave of the pandemic. Temporary staff (redeployed from other units) obtained higher scores in these variables (p = 0.04, p = 0.038, and p = 0.009, respectively) than permanent staff, as well as in greater intention to leave their current position (p = 0.03). This intention was also stronger in health staff working in areas converted into intensive care units (45.2%) than in normal intensive care units (40.2%) (p = 0.02). Moral distress, coupled with primarily avoidance-oriented coping styles, explains 37% (AdR2) of the variance in anxiety and 38% (AdR2) of the variance in depression. Conclusions Our study reveals that the emotional well-being of intensive care unit staff was already at risk during the first wave of the pandemic. The moral distress they experienced was related to anxiety and depression issues, as well as the desire to leave the profession, and should be addressed, not only in permanent staff, but also in temporary staff, redeployed to these units as reinforcement workers.
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9
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Costa NNG, Servo MLS, Figueredo WN. COVID-19 and the occupational stress experienced by health professionals in the hospital context: integrative review. Rev Bras Enferm 2022; 75Suppl 1:e20200859. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze Brazilian and international scientific publications about the stress experienced by health professionals in the hospital context during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Integrative literature review carried out on the SciELO, ScienceDirect, and LILACS databases, and sources of official Brazilian institutions, with documents published by May 2020. Results: Of the 26 selected references, 19 (73.08%) were indexed articles, and 7 (26.92 %) were obtained from official institutions. The study found that stress is mainly due to the overload of hospital services, the removal of professionals, the insufficiency of personal protective equipment and strict biosecurity measures, challenges in the allocation of available resources, and the risk of contamination by COVID-19. Final considerations: The stress experienced by health professionals in hospital institutions during the pandemic can trigger occupational and psychological problems.
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Pulido-Fuentes M, Flores-Martos JA, Abad-González L, Navarta-Sánchez MV, Valera-Oviedo L, Cipriano-Crespo C. Emotions in the Time of COVID-19: Affections and Impacts among the Spanish Primary Care Workforce. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1723. [PMID: 34946447 PMCID: PMC8701181 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature review shows that most studies on the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare professionals have focused on hospital staff, with few specifically addressing the primary care workforce. This study aims to explore primary care workers' verbal accounts of the emotions they experienced. METHODS This is a qualitative study carried out between July and December 2020 in Spain. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with primary care workers. Data were analysed through thematic content analysis. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. RESULTS A total of 53 primary care workers participated in the study, of whom 38 were individually interviewed, and 15 participated in three focus groups. Our analysis revealed themes in two categories: (1) from infection to affection; and (2) affected, but not patients-a discourse based on the acceptance of their experience as part of their work in primary care, creating an ideological construct or "shield" based on emotional self-management. CONCLUSIONS Self-reflection on the emotional impact of COVID-19 is scarce. Examples of emotional affections include an obsessive focus on hygiene, the inability to establish clear boundaries between the personal and the professional spheres, and experiencing-and having to self-manage-emotional strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Pulido-Fuentes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Real Fábrica de Sedas s/n, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain;
| | | | - Luisa Abad-González
- Faculty of Education Sciences and Humanities, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain;
| | | | - Laura Valera-Oviedo
- Talaverana Multiple Sclerosis Association, ATAEM, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain;
| | - Carmen Cipriano-Crespo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Real Fábrica de Sedas s/n, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain;
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De Raeve P, Adams E, Xyrichis A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses in Europe: A critical discussion of policy failures and opportunities for future preparedness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES ADVANCES 2021; 3:100032. [PMID: 34079957 PMCID: PMC8152362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2021.100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul De Raeve
- European Federation of Nurses Associations, Clos du Parnasse, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth Adams
- European Federation of Nurses Associations, Clos du Parnasse, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andreas Xyrichis
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK, 57 Waterloo Road, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Peng X, Yang Y, Gao P, Ren Y, Hu D, He Q. Negative and positive psychological experience of frontline nurses in combatting COVID-19: A qualitative study. J Nurs Manag 2021; 30:2185-2193. [PMID: 34626025 PMCID: PMC8646834 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To qualitatively explore potential experience among frontline nurses who had been fighting against the COVID-19 infection since the outbreak. BACKGROUND Disasters are often sudden and uncertain. Since the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan city, local frontline nurses had been responsible for treatment of COVID-19 for several months. Qualitative study was required to assess complex multi-component psychological experiences among frontline nurses. METHODS Twenty local frontline nurses were recruited from a designated hospital of COVID-19 treatment. We conducted semi-structured interview using phenomenological method. Descriptive phenomenological method was applied for thematic analysis. RESULTS Twenty female frontline nurses (aged 24 to 43 years old) were interviewed. Two broader themes, negative and positive, were identified. Negative experience included refusal and helpless (refusal to work at frontline, shortage of confidence in working and helpless), fear and anxiety, excessive miss, and other health issues. Positive experience included improved interpersonal relationship, sublimation of personal faith and strength, changes in understanding meaning of life and new possibility. CONCLUSION Both positive and negative psychological response were observed, which can provide evidence based clues for making essential strategies and policy. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Understand subjective experience of frontline nurses can establish evidence for development of effective psychological intervention. Nursing administrator should consider the nurses' psychological experience comprehensively to promote psychological growth and lower post-traumatic psychological burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Peng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of the Wise Group, Pathways Health, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Deying Hu
- Department of Nursing, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin He
- Public Health Department, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Gálvez-Herrer M, Via-Clavero G, Ángel-Sesmero JA, Heras-La Calle G. Psychological crisis and emergency intervention for frontline critical care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Clin Nurs 2021; 31:2309-2323. [PMID: 34542199 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the main feelings and coping strategies among frontline critical care workers during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate the level of satisfaction after a psychological crisis and emergency intervention. BACKGROUND The health crisis brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed critical care workers to an intense physical and emotional burden. Scientific research recommends psychological crisis and emergency interventions during the acute phase to help cope with the situation and prevent emotional side effects. DESIGN A multicentre descriptive study with mixed qualitative and quantitative data was developed. METHODS Healthcare and non-healthcare critical care workers from 16 hospitals were included. Psychological crisis assistance was given (for individuals and groups), both face-to-face and online, with 18 psychologists for two months. Content analysis from the psychologists' session reports after each intervention was performed (COREQ). Satisfaction with the intervention was assessed with an 'ad hoc' 21-item online survey. RESULTS A total of 553 interventions were carried out (361 individually and 192 in groups). Four themes were identified: 1-Imbalance between occupational demands and resources; 2-Acute stress responses; 3-Personal and professional consequences; and 4-Protection factors. The main protection factor identified was group cohesion and perceived social support. The mean general satisfaction with the intervention was high and 96.2% (n=252) of the participants would recommend it in future. CONCLUSIONS A psychological crisis and emergency intervention helped critical care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic to verbalise and integrate the situation, providing strategies to cope with the experience with a high level of satisfaction from the participants assisted. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE During the COVID-19 pandemic, support groups guided by psychologists fostered reflection on aspects related to work, interaction with patients and relatives and social support from workmates that help them for coping with stress, share emotions and experiences and feel understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Gálvez-Herrer
- Director of the Emotional Care and Psychology Area at the International Research Project for the Humanization of Health Care, Proyecto HU-CI, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Via-Clavero
- Advanced Practice Critical Care Nurse. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. Assistant Professor, School of Nursing. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Universitat de Barcelona, Nursing Research Group (GRIN), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Member of the International Research Project for the Humanization of Health Care, Proyecto HU-CI, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Ángel-Sesmero
- Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor (Madrid), Member of the International Research Project for the Humanization of Health Care, Proyecto HU-CI, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Heras-La Calle
- Hospital Comarcal Santa Ana de Motril (Granada), Creator and director of the International Research Project for the Humanization of Health Care, Proyecto HU-CI, Madrid, Spain
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Techno-Stress: Damage Caused by New Emerging Risks. LAWS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/laws10030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The world moves and advances very quickly. Production systems and jobs evolve with the world. Occupational risks change as jobs change: The occupational risks of jobs we found two hundred years ago are different from the risks inherent to today’s jobs. The influence of technology is evident in many of today’s companies and, as a consequence, in the work that takes place in them. The recent COVID-19 pandemic, which has so upset the world, has made possible the acceleration in the massive use of certain communication tools that has been linked to the home confinement of a significant part of the population. Lots of workers and companies have been forced to telecommute. In a lot of countries, legislation and regulations were not prepared for these new ways of working: the laws have had to adapt to this new operation. In this area techno-stress has emerged, a new variety of stress derived from the use of new technologies at work, with the consequent negative psychosocial effects for the worker and the people around him, which can, at the same time, be the prelude to many others pathological processes of various nature.
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15
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Franklin P, Gkiouleka A. A Scoping Review of Psychosocial Risks to Health Workers during the Covid-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2453. [PMID: 33801517 PMCID: PMC7967576 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed health workers to a diverse set of hazards impacting their physical, psychological and social wellbeing. This review aims to provide an overview of the categories of the psychosocial risk factors and hazards affecting HCWs during the Covid-19 pandemic and the recommendations for prevention. We used the scoping review methodology to collate categories of psychosocial risks, the related health outcomes, interventions, and data gaps. The review was conducted on global peer-reviewed academic and authoritative grey literature, published between 1. January-26. October 2020; in total, 220 articles were included into the review and the subsequent analysis. Analysis of the extracted data found PSRs related to four sources: personal protective equipment (PPE), job content, work organisation, and social context. is. Women health workers and nurses reported worst health outcomes. Majority of the research to date concerns health workers in secondary care, while data on psychosocial risks at primary and community-based settings are scarce. However, the emerging research implies that the pandemic creates psychosocial risks also to non-clinical health workers. The intervention and mitigation measures address individual and organisational levels. Preventative and mitigating measures for social and societal risks-such as staff shortages, intersecting inequalities, and financial stressors require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Franklin
- Occupational Safety & Health and Working Conditions Unit, European Trade Union Institute (ETUI), Boulevard du Roi Albert II, 1210 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anna Gkiouleka
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK;
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16
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Rodríguez-López AM, Rubio-Valdehita S, Díaz-Ramiro EM. Influence of the CoViD-19 Pandemic on Mental Workload and Burnout of Fashion Retailing Workers in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:983. [PMID: 33499416 PMCID: PMC7908298 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed the levels of mental workload and the presence of burnout on a sample of fashion retailing workers from Spain and its relationship with the current CoViD-19 (Coronavirus disease-19) pandemic. We established a cross-sectional design. Participants (n = 360) answered an online survey including questions about sociodemographic data, perception of CoViD-19, CarMen-Q questionnaire (workload), and MBI (burnout syndrome). The survey campaign took place in October and November 2020. The results showed that participants exhibited deep concern about the CoViD-19 pandemic and its influence in the workplace. Although the mental workload was near the middle point of the scale, participants showed moderate to high burnout levels, revealing that the sample was at risk of experiencing higher burnout levels over time as the pandemic and associated economic crisis continued. The multiple regression analysis results indicated that environmental changes, work overload, somatic symptoms, insomnia, negative job expectations, and uncertainty constituted significant mental workload predictors. Insomnia, somatic symptoms, and negative job expectations constituted significant predictors for burnout. Differences between job positions and genders in mental workload and burnout were found. In conclusion, the uncertainty at work derived from the CoViD-19 pandemic harms fashion retailing workers' psychological well-being in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susana Rubio-Valdehita
- Faculty of Psychology, Campus de Somosaguas, University Complutense of Madrid, 20223 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.R.-L.); (E.M.D.-R.)
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Martínez-López JÁ, Lázaro-Pérez C, Gómez-Galán J, Fernández-Martínez MDM. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Emergency on Health Professionals: Burnout Incidence at the Most Critical Period in Spain. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3029. [PMID: 32962258 PMCID: PMC7565941 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9093029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health profession is a burnout producer due to the continuous contact with pain and suffering. In addition, excessive workloads can generate stress and psychological distress. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the degree of burnout and its main triggers in health professionals in Spain at the most critical period of the COVID-19 emergency. METHOD A quantitative research was developed through a simple random sampling in different Spanish hospitals through the period of greatest impact of the pandemic (N = 157). Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire from Maslach burnout inventory (MBI) containing 22 items, which measures three subscales: emotional burnout, depersonalization, and self-fulfillment. RESULTS depersonalization values reached 38.9%. A total of 90.4% of the health professionals considered that psychological care should be provided from the work centers. Furthermore, 43.3% of the health professionals estimated that they might need psychological treatment in the future. Finally, 85.4% stated that the lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) generated an increase in stress and anxiety. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the need to consider specific mental health care services and training in crises to avoid possible psychological disorders. The information obtained is also valuable for the development of future prevention protocols and training of health personnel to face pandemics of these characteristics or emergency scenarios. Having the necessary physical means for their protection, as well to updated regular and accurate information, is essential to avoid feelings of fear and uncertainty. This would promote the health of these professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ángel Martínez-López
- Department of Social Work and Social Services, University of Murcia, Avda. Teniente Flomesta, 5-30003 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Cristina Lázaro-Pérez
- Department of Sociology, University of Murcia, C/Campus Universitario, 11, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - José Gómez-Galán
- Department of Education, University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- College of Education, Ana G. Méndez University, Cupey Campus, San Juan, PR 00926, USA
| | - María del Mar Fernández-Martínez
- College of Education Sciences & College of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, University of Huelva, Campus El Carmen, Avda. de las Fuerzas Armadas, s/n, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
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18
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Braquehais MD, Vargas-Cáceres S, Gómez-Durán E, Nieva G, Valero S, Casas M, Bruguera E. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare professionals. QJM 2020; 113:hcaa207. [PMID: 32569374 PMCID: PMC7337807 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthcare professionals (HPs) have been confronted by unprecedented traumatic experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in countries that had not experienced similar epidemic outbreaks in recent years. AIM To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of HPs. METHOD We comprehensively reviewed the studies published in MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science and Google Scholar between December 2019 and May 2020. RESULTS Most studies report a high prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among HPs that can be associated with: a) COVID-19 exposure; b) epidemiological issues; c) material resources; d) human resources; and e) personal factors. The role of certain variables, before, during and after the pandemic, remains unexplored. Longitudinal studies will help elucidate which factors are associated with a higher risk of developing long-lasting negative effects. Qualitative studies may contribute to understanding the influence of individual and social narratives in HPs' distress. CONCLUSION A deeper analysis on the individual, institutional, political and socio-cultural factors, meanings and values influencing HPs distress and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Braquehais
- Galatea Care Programme for Sick Health Professionals, Galatea Clinic, Palafolls Street 17-19, Barcelona 08017, Spain
- Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - S Vargas-Cáceres
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - E Gómez-Durán
- Galatea Care Programme for Sick Health Professionals, Galatea Clinic, Palafolls Street 17-19, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - G Nieva
- Galatea Care Programme for Sick Health Professionals, Galatea Clinic, Palafolls Street 17-19, Barcelona 08017, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - S Valero
- Galatea Care Programme for Sick Health Professionals, Galatea Clinic, Palafolls Street 17-19, Barcelona 08017, Spain
- Research Centre and Memory Clinic, Fundació ACE Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Gran Via de Carles III, 85 bis, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - M Casas
- Galatea Care Programme for Sick Health Professionals, Galatea Clinic, Palafolls Street 17-19, Barcelona 08017, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - E Bruguera
- Galatea Care Programme for Sick Health Professionals, Galatea Clinic, Palafolls Street 17-19, Barcelona 08017, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona 08035, Spain
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