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Sundberg T, Skillgate E, Gustavsson P, Rudman A. Early career demanding psychosocial work environment and severe back pain and neck/shoulder pain in experienced nurses: A cohort study. Scand J Public Health 2024; 52:427-433. [PMID: 36814114 PMCID: PMC11179313 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231151992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Back pain and neck/shoulder pain are common among nurses. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between nurses' exposure to a demanding psychosocial work environment during the first three years after graduation and the occurrence of severe back pain and neck/shoulder pain in the longer term, 11-15 years later. METHODS The Longitudinal Analysis of Nursing Education (LANE) study (nursing graduates from 26 Swedish universities in the years 2002, 2004 and 2006) was used to create two risk cohorts of nurses not reporting severe back pain (n=1764) or neck/shoulder pain (n=1707). Nurses exposed to a demanding psychosocial work environment for one, two or three of the first three years in their career were compared to nurses not having a demanding psychosocial work environment for any of these three years regarding the incidence of severe back pain or neck/shoulder pain at follow-up, 11-15 years later. Relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using binomial regression. RESULTS The RR (95% CI) of having severe back pain for nurses who had a demanding psychosocial work environment for one of the three years was 1.36 (0.82-2.28) and 2.08 (1.21-3.57) for two of the three years and 2.82 (1.43-5.55) for all three years. Corresponding RRs (95% CIs) for severe neck/shoulder pain were 1.35 (0.87-2.10), 1.49 (0.88-2.51) and 1.41 (0.62-3.20), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Nurses who were repeatedly exposed to a demanding psychosocial work environment early in their career reported severe back pain to a higher extent in the longer term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Sundberg
- Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Sweden
| | - Eva Skillgate
- Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Petter Gustavsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Ann Rudman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- School of Health and Welfare, Department of Caring Sciences, Dalarna University, Sweden
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Abbas J, Hamoud K, Jubran R, Daher A. Has the COVID-19 outbreak altered the prevalence of low back pain among physiotherapy students? JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2038-2043. [PMID: 34353241 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1953505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among physiotherapy students during the COVID-19 lockdown in the State of Israel. PARTICIPANTS/METHODS One hundred and sixty four physiotherapy students from all four-year student levels were invited to participate. One hundred and thirty-seven students (83.5%) were recruited in the study with 79 females (57.7%) and 58 males (42.3%). We used a structured anonymous questionnaire that sought standard information on age, height, weight, sports activity and low back pain (LBP) prevalence during three periods. RESULTS No significant differences were noted in the prevalence of LBP between the lockdown period compared to 12-month period in all four-year levels. More so, our findings showed that LBP prevalence among physiotherapy students was greater during the 12-month period compared to the lifetime period. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that COVID-19 lockdown has no negative impact on the prevalence of LBP among physiotherapy students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janan Abbas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Israel
| | - Kamal Hamoud
- Department of Physical Therapy, Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Israel
| | - Rana Jubran
- Department of Physical Therapy, Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Israel
| | - Amira Daher
- Department of Physical Therapy, Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Israel
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Levi Y, Gottlieb U, Shavit R, Springer S. A matter of choice: Should students self-select exercise for their nonspecific chronic low back pain? A controlled study. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2099-2105. [PMID: 34403329 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1960845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the effect of autonomy to choose exercise-therapy (ET) for nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) on treatment adherence and clinical outcomes. PARTICIPANTS Forty-six students were recruited from Ariel University. METHODS Every two gender-and-age-matched students were allocated to either self-selected exercise group (SSE) or pre-determined exercise group (PDE). Subjects completed 4-weeks exercise and filled a training-log. Oswestry disability-index (ODI) and numerical pain-rating scores (NPRS) were measured, as well as exercise quality-performance. RESULTS ODI and NPRS improved in both groups, with no between-group differences. Exercise quality-performance was also similar between groups. A trend for better exercise-adherence was found in the SSE-group (75.3% vs 65.0% adherence, p = 0.08, effect size d = 0.59). Meaningful NPRS improvement was demonstrated in 54.5% of SSE-group participants compared with 33.3% in the PDE-group. CONCLUSIONS Autonomy may serve as a factor to enhance treatment adherence and clinical outcomes of ET for NSCLBP among students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yhonatan Levi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, The Neuromuscular & Human Performance Laboratory, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Uri Gottlieb
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, The Neuromuscular & Human Performance Laboratory, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Ron Shavit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, The Neuromuscular & Human Performance Laboratory, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Shmuel Springer
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, The Neuromuscular & Human Performance Laboratory, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Kox J, Runhaar J, Bierma-Zeinstra S, Groenewoud H, Bakker E, Miedema H, Roelofs P. What sociodemographic and work characteristics are associated with musculoskeletal complaints in nursing students? A cross-sectional analysis of repeated measurements. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2022; 101:103719. [PMID: 35219107 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) arise during nursing education. We examined cross-sectional associations between self-reported MSCs and both sociodemographic and workplace characteristics in different clinical placement settings. We included two observations among three cohorts of third-year Dutch nursing students (total N = 711) of the undergraduate nursing program of Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences. Questionnaire data on sociodemographic, physical and psychosocial work characteristics, and MSCs were used. Generalized estimating equation analysis for repeated measurements with backward elimination was used to examine associations with MSCs. In total, 79% of students experienced MSCs. Female sex (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.22-0.62), lifting and bending (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.03), physical job demands (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.68-3.22) and need for recovery (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03), were statistically significantly associated with overall MSCs. Models for regional complaints are also presented in this article. Nursing school and clinical placement staff should consider these factors when dealing with nursing students with MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos Kox
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Innovations in Care, PO Box 25035, 3001, HA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus Medical Center, Department of General Practice, PO Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jos Runhaar
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of General Practice, PO Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Sita Bierma-Zeinstra
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of General Practice, PO Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedics, PO Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Hanny Groenewoud
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Innovations in Care, PO Box 25035, 3001, HA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ellen Bakker
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Innovations in Care, PO Box 25035, 3001, HA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 7057, 1007, MB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Harald Miedema
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Innovations in Care, PO Box 25035, 3001, HA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Pepijn Roelofs
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Innovations in Care, PO Box 25035, 3001, HA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus Medical Center, Department of General Practice, PO Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, PO Box 30001, 9700, RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Do physical work factors and musculoskeletal complaints contribute to the intention to leave or actual dropout in student nurses? A prospective cohort study. J Prof Nurs 2022; 39:26-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Aleku M, Nelson K, Abio A, Lowery Wilson M, Lule H. Lower Back Pain as an Occupational Hazard Among Ugandan Health Workers. Front Public Health 2021; 9:761765. [PMID: 34926384 PMCID: PMC8671744 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.761765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lower back pain is a public health concern affecting 70–85% of the world's population. There is paucity of published data on the prevalence, disability and risk factors for lower back pain among health workers in Uganda. Objective: To determine the frequency rate (note that is it implicit that frequency is a rate like incidence so including rate seems redundant here. This is bounded by zero and infinity. In contrast, prevalence is bounded by 0 and 1 and is thus a proportion not a rate) of lower back pain and its associated risks amongst health professionals in the Arua District of Uganda. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study of 245 consecutive participants conducted during February-April 2020. We stratified risks as individual or work related and analyzed the data using IBM SPSS version 25. Chi-square was used to measure the significance of association between categorical variables at 95% confidence interval, regarding a p ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: The mean age of participants was 40.87 years ± 8.74 (SD), with female predominance (69.8%). Majority were either general nurses or midwives (64.9%) and more than half had practiced for over 6–10 years. The frequency rate of lower back pain was 39.6% (n = 97). Individual factors associated with LBP were; cigarette smoking (X2 = 33.040; P ≤ 0.001), alcohol consumption (X2 = 13.581; P ≤ 0.001), age (X2 = 14.717; P = 0.002), and female gender (X2 = 4.802; P = 0.028). The work related factors significantly associated with lower back pain were: being a nurse/midwife (X2 = 9.829; P = 0.007), working in the outpatient department (X2 = 49.752; P ≤ 0.001), bending (X2 = 43.912; P ≤ 0.001), lifting (X2 = 33.279; P < 0.001), over standing (X2 = 40.096; P ≤ 0.001), being in awkward positions (X2 = 15.607; P= < 0.001), and pushing patients (X2 = 21.999; P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The frequency rate of low back pain was high amongst health workers and its main associated individual and work related factors could have been prevented. Health workers should strike a balance between caring for their personal back-health and meeting clients' needs while manually handling patients. Ergonomic structuring, job organization, back health care courses and use of assistive equipment could reduce such occupational hazards in our low resourced settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Aleku
- Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kevin Nelson
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention (IEP) Research Group, Turku Brain Injury Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Abio
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention (IEP) Research Group, Turku Brain Injury Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Herman Lule
- Department of Surgery, Directorate of Research and Innovations, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
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Duffett-Leger L, Beck AJ, Siddons A, Bright KS, Alix Hayden K. What Do We Know About Interventions to Prevent Low Back Injury and Pain Among Nurses and Nursing Students? A Scoping Review. Can J Nurs Res 2021; 54:392-439. [PMID: 34860587 DOI: 10.1177/08445621211047055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY BACKGROUND Back injuries are common among nurses worldwide with lifetime prevalence of lower back pain ranging from 35% to 80%, making nursing a profession at great risk for back injuries. PURPOSE This systematic scoping review explored and mapped existing evidence regarding the prevention of low back injury and pain among nurses and nursing students. METHODS Using a scoping review methodology, six databases were searched initially in September 2017 and updated June 2020. Studies investigating interventions designed to reduce back injuries and pain among regulated nurses and student nurses, published in peer-review journals and written in English, were eligible for inclusion in this review. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies of regulated nurses, nursing students, and nursing aides were included. Two independent reviewers screened, critically analysed studies using a quality appraisal tool, extracted data, and performed quality appraisals. RESULTS Two searches yielded 3,079 abstracts and after title, abstract and screening, our final synthesis was based on 48 research studies. CONCLUSIONS Forty years of research has demonstrated improvements in quality over time, the efficacy of interventions to prevent back injury and pain remains unclear, given the lack of high-quality studies. Further research, using multi-dimensional approaches and rigorous study designs, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy J Beck
- Faculty of Nursing, 2129University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anya Siddons
- Faculty of Nursing, 2129University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Katherine S Bright
- Department of Community Health Sciences, 70401Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - K Alix Hayden
- Libraries and Cultural Resources, 2129University of Calgary, , Calgary, AB, Canada
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Alghadir AH, Al-Abbad H, Buragadda S, Iqbal A. Influence of Work-Related Safety and Health Guidelines on Knowledge and Prevalence of Occupational Back Pain among Rehabilitation Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A 6-Month Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168711. [PMID: 34444458 PMCID: PMC8394852 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nurses are frequently involved in different types of patient handling activities in different departments of the hospitals. Mishandling the patients causes accumulative stress on their spine that results in occupational back pain (OBP), substantial morbidity, and incurred cost. Objectives: This study aimed to observe the influence of work-related safety and health guidelines on knowledge and prevalence of occupational back pain among rehabilitation nurses in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This cohort study was conducted with the inclusion of a total of 116-registered rehabilitation nurses (97-female, 19-male, mean age = 39.6-years) from different regions of Saudi Arabia. After the invitation, these nurses attended an ergonomic workshop focusing on work-related safety and patient handling guidelines, risk assessment, and control of OBP. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, risk, and prevalence of OBP at baseline and 6-months follow-up. Results: The perceived knowledge score significantly improved (95% CI; t = 4.691; p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.72) at 6-month follow-up (mean ± SD = 81.6 ± 18.2) from its baseline score (mean ± SD = 68.2 ± 19.2). Likewise, the prevalence score of OBP markedly reduced from 71.5% (baseline) to 65.0% (6-month follow-up). Conclusion: The level of knowledge highly improved and the prevalence of OBP markedly reduced within a span of 6-month among rehabilitation nurses in Saudi Arabia after attending an ergonomic workshop. Importantly, the nurses learned and geared up themselves for practicing the safe patient handling guidelines to avoid occupational back pain in the future. Therefore, rehabilitation nurses should update their knowledge and awareness about occupational safety and health guidelines, risk assessments, and control of OBP at a regular interval for increasing the knowledge and reducing the prevalence of OBP among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H. Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Hani Al-Abbad
- Physical Therapist, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 12231, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syamala Buragadda
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Amir Iqbal
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.A.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +966-1469-6010; Fax: +966-1469-3589
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Sany SA, Tanjim T, Hossain MI. Low back pain and associated risk factors among medical students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2021; 10:698. [PMID: 35999897 PMCID: PMC9360907 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.55151.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Different studies showed the high prevalence of LBP among medical students. However, no study has been conducted on Bangladeshi medical students to estimate the prevalence of LBP. This study evaluated the prevalence, characteristics, and associated risk factors of LBP among medical students in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2020 among randomly selected 270 medical students and medical interns in Faridpur Medical College, Bangladesh, using an online questionnaire. In data analysis, chi-square test and binary logistic regression were performed, and a p-value of < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: A total of 207 participants responded fully to the survey, and were included in the analysis. The mean age of the participants was 22.36 ± 1.915 years. The point, 6-month, and 12-month prevalence of LBP was 25.6%, 46.9%, and 63.3%, respectively. In most participants, LBP was localized (53.2%), recurrent (64.9%), undiagnosed (70.8%), affected for a short period (55%), and relieved without receiving any treatment (60.4%). Participants who had a significantly higher 12-month prevalence of LBP included females (72.2% vs 52.2%), with BMI >25 kg/m 2 (73.2% vs 56.7%), those who performed physical activity at low to moderate frequency (72.4% vs 29.5%), those who spent > 6 hours/day by sitting (71.3% vs 45.3%), and those who did not have enough rest time (92.7% vs 56%). Ergonomic features of chairs, such as having back support, adjustable back support, and adjustable sitting surface, significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the outcomes. Conclusion: The prevalence of LBP among medical students in Bangladesh was high, and most of the risk factors associated with the high prevalence of LBP were modifiable. Hence, LBP can be prevented by implementing preventive strategies and providing ergonomic training and physical activity facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabbir Ahmed Sany
- Department of Community Medicine, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Taukir Tanjim
- Department of Community Medicine, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Project Research Physician, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ikbal Hossain
- Department of Community Medicine, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Sany SA, Tanjim T, Hossain MI. Low back pain and associated risk factors among medical students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2021; 10:698. [PMID: 35999897 PMCID: PMC9360907 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.55151.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Different studies showed the high prevalence of LBP among medical students. However, no study has been conducted on Bangladeshi medical students to estimate the prevalence of LBP. This study determined the prevalence, characteristics, and associated risk factors of LBP among medical students in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2020 among randomly selected 270 medical students and medical interns in Faridpur Medical College, Bangladesh, using an online questionnaire. In data analysis, chi-square test and binary logistic regression were performed, and a p-value of < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: A total of 207 participants responded fully to the survey, and were included in the analysis. The mean age of the participants was 22.4 ± 1.9 years. The point, 6-month, and 12-month prevalence of LBP was 25.6%, 46.9%, and 63.3%, respectively. In most participants, LBP was localized (53.2%), recurrent (64.9%), non-specific (70.8%), affected for a short period (55%), and relieved without receiving any treatment (60.4%). Participants who had a significantly higher 12-month prevalence of LBP included females (72.2% vs 52.2%), with BMI >25 kg/m 2 (73.2% vs 56.7%), those who performed physical activity at low to moderate frequency (72.4% vs 29.5%), those who spent > 6 hours/day by sitting (71.3% vs 45.3%), and those who did not have enough rest time (92.7% vs 56%). Ergonomic features of chairs, such as having back support, adjustable back support, and adjustable sitting surface, significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the outcomes. Conclusion: The prevalence of LBP among medical students in Bangladesh was high, and most of the risk factors associated with the high prevalence of LBP were modifiable. Hence, LBP can be prevented by implementing preventive strategies and providing ergonomic training and physical activity facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabbir Ahmed Sany
- Department of Community Medicine, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Taukir Tanjim
- Department of Community Medicine, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Project Research Physician, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ikbal Hossain
- Department of Community Medicine, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Sany SA, Tanjim T, Hossain MI. Low back pain and associated risk factors among medical students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2021; 10:698. [PMID: 35999897 PMCID: PMC9360907 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.55151.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Different studies showed the high prevalence of LBP among medical students. However, no study has been conducted on Bangladeshi medical students to estimate the prevalence of LBP. This study determined the prevalence, characteristics, and associated risk factors of LBP among medical students in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2020 among randomly selected 270 medical students and medical interns in Faridpur Medical College, Bangladesh, using an online questionnaire. In data analysis, chi-square test and binary logistic regression were performed, and a p-value of < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: A total of 207 participants responded fully to the survey, and were included in the analysis. The mean age of the participants was 22.4 ± 1.9 years. The point, 6-month, and 12-month prevalence of LBP was 25.6%, 46.9%, and 63.3%, respectively. In most participants, LBP was localized (53.2%), recurrent (64.9%), non-specific (70.8%), affected for a short period (55%), and relieved without receiving any treatment (60.4%). Participants who had a significantly higher 12-month prevalence of LBP included females (72.2% vs 52.2%), with BMI >25 kg/m 2 (73.2% vs 56.7%), those who performed physical activity at low to moderate frequency (72.4% vs 29.5%), those who spent > 6 hours/day by sitting (71.3% vs 45.3%), and those who did not have enough rest time (92.7% vs 56%). Ergonomic features of chairs, such as having back support, adjustable back support, and adjustable sitting surface, significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the outcomes. Conclusion: The prevalence of LBP among medical students in Bangladesh was high, and most of the risk factors associated with the high prevalence of LBP were modifiable. Hence, LBP can be prevented by implementing preventive strategies and providing ergonomic training and physical activity facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabbir Ahmed Sany
- Department of Community Medicine, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Taukir Tanjim
- Department of Community Medicine, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Project Research Physician, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ikbal Hossain
- Department of Community Medicine, Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Tsigkanos C, Demestiha T, Spiliopoulou C, Tsigkanos G. Gait kinematics in Low Back Pain: A non-linear approach. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2021; 34:707-714. [PMID: 34092596 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kinematic analysis has been a dominant tool for addressing the neuromuscular and proprioceptive alterations that occur in Low Back Pain (LBP) patients. Movement variability is a crucial component of this analysis. In the recent years application of non-linear indices seems to be showing the way. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to compare movement variability, as expressed mainly by non-linear indices, at the pelvis and lumbar spine between LBP patients and healthy participants during gait. METHODS Sixteen (16) LBP patients and thirteen (13) healthy control subjects (non-athletes) participated in the study. Participants walked on a treadmill at different walking conditions while recorded by a 6-infrared camera optoelectronic system. Kinematic variability of pelvic and lumbar movement was analyzed using linear (standard deviation - SD) and non-linear indices (Maximal Lyapunov Exponent - LyE and Approximate Entropy - ApEn). RESULTS Healthy subjects were found to have significantly greater mean values than LBP patients at seven pelvic and lumbar components in LyE, ApEn and SD. Specifically, the calculated LyE at the pelvis during normal gait was proven to have a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 90% in the discrimination of healthy subjects from LBP patients. Female subjects presented with higher variability in gait measures than males. CONCLUSION Healthy participants presented with higher movement variability in their kinematic behavior in comparison to LBP patients. Lower variability values may be partly explained by the attempt of LBP patients to avoid painful end of range of motion positions. In this perspective non-linear indices seem to relate to qualitive characteristics of movement that need to be taken into consideration during rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tsigkanos
- Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theano Demestiha
- Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Chara Spiliopoulou
- Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsigkanos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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13
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Changes in exercise and musculoskeletal symptoms of novice nurses: A one-year follow-up study. Collegian 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Wong AYL, Chan LLY, Lo CWT, Chan WWY, Lam KCK, Bao JCH, Ferreira ML, Armijo-Olivo S. Prevalence/Incidence of Low Back Pain and Associated Risk Factors Among Nursing and Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PM R 2021; 13:1266-1280. [PMID: 33492778 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize evidence regarding the prevalence and incidence of low back pain and associated risk factors in nursing and medical students. TYPE: Systematic review and meta-analysis. LITERATURE SURVEY The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42015029729). Its reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Seven databases were searched until August 2020 to identify relevant studies. METHODOLOGY Two independent reviewers screened, extracted, and evaluated the risk of bias of the selected studies. Meta-analyses were used to estimate 12-month prevalence/incidence rates of low back pain and associated risk factors in these students. Levels of evidence for risk factors were determined by the updated Guidelines for Systematic Reviews in the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group. SYNTHESIS Sixteen studies involving 7072 students were included. The pooled 12-month prevalence rates of low back pain for nursing and medical students were 44% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 27%-61%) and 53% (95% CI: 44%-62%), respectively. The 12-month incidence of low back pain in nursing students ranged from 29% to 67%. No incidence rate was reported in medical students. Strong/moderate-quality evidence supported that final year of study (pooled odds ratio [OR] from five studies, 1.96, 95% CI: 1.13-3.40), anxiety (OR ranging from 3.12 to 4.61), or high mental pressure or psychological distress (OR ranging from 1.37 to 4.52) was associated with a higher 12-month low back pain prevalence in both student groups. Moderate-quality evidence suggested that prior history of low back pain (pooled OR from two studies: 3.46, 95% CI: 1.88-6.36) was associated with a higher 12-month low back pain incidence in nursing students. Similarly, moderate-quality evidence suggested that female medical students (pooled OR from two studies: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.09-2.86) demonstrated a higher 12-month low back pain prevalence than male counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Although it is impossible to alter nonmodifiable risk factors for low back pain, universities may develop and implement proper strategies to mitigate modifiable risk factors in these students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Y L Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lloyd L Y Chan
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cathy W T Lo
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Kelvin C K Lam
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jackie C H Bao
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Manuela L Ferreira
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan Armijo-Olivo
- Faculty of Business and Social Sciences, Osnabrück University of Applied Sciences, Osnabrück, Germany.,Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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15
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Boucaut R, Knobben L. Occupational health and safety incidents at a university school of nursing: A retrospective, descriptive appraisal. Nurse Educ Pract 2020; 44:102776. [PMID: 32244046 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Nursing is recognised internationally as a high-risk occupation for graduates and students. Developing an understanding of incident data may facilitate prevention of future adverse events. A descriptive, retrospective review of occupational health and safety incidents reported by personnel at an Australian university school of nursing was conducted, spanning a period of eight-and-a-half years. Classification of incident reports was determined using the existing electronic system with manual categorisation of data not suited to electronic analysis, such as narrative descriptions. In total, 142 incidents were reported, of which 135 were included in this study. Students reported 98 incidents on placement and 10 on campus. Frequently reported student incidents involved sharps, fainting, manual handling activities and workplace violence. Fifteen reports were hazard notifications. Reviewing data gathered over a prolonged duration provided useful patterns of information. Gaps in data and reporting system constraints were identified. Dual reporting systems may be barriers to providing an all-inclusive overview. Improving data collection methods could include recording demographic information such as year level, drop-down menus for commonly reported incidents to facilitate recording, and consideration of how best to capture events that involve multiple personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Boucaut
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5000, Australia.
| | - Linda Knobben
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
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16
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To Flex or Not to Flex? Is There a Relationship Between Lumbar Spine Flexion During Lifting and Low Back Pain? A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020; 50:121-130. [PMID: 31775556 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2020.9218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether lumbar spine flexion during lifting is a risk factor for low back pain (LBP) onset/persistence or a differentiator of people with and without LBP. DESIGN Etiology systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH Database search of ProQuest, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Embase up to August 21, 2018. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA We included peer-reviewed articles that investigated whether lumbar spine position during lifting was a risk factor for LBP onset or persistence or a differentiator of people with and without LBP. DATA SYNTHESIS Lifting-task comparison data were tabulated and summarized. The meta-analysis calculated an n-weighted pooled mean ± SD of the results in the LBP and no-LBP groups. If a study contained multiple comparisons (ie, different lifting tasks that used various weights or directions), then only 1 result from that study was included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Four studies (1 longitudinal study and 3 cross-sectional studies across 5 articles) included in meta-analysis measured lumbar flexion with intralumbar angles and found no difference in peak lumbar spine flexion when lifting (1.5°; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.7°, 3.7°; P = .19 for the longitudinal study and -0.9°; 95% CI: -2.5°, 0.7°; P = .29 for the cross-sectional studies). Seven cross-sectional studies measured lumbar flexion with thoracopelvic angles and found that people with LBP lifted with 6.0° less lumbar flexion than people without LBP (95% CI: -11.2°, -0.9°; P = .02). Most (9/11) studies reported no significant between-group differences in lumbar flexion during lifting. The included studies were of low quality. CONCLUSION There was low-quality evidence that greater lumbar spine flexion during lifting was not a risk factor for LBP onset/persistence or a differentiator of people with and without LBP. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(3):121-130. Epub 28 Nov 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.9218.
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Cheung K, Dai J, Cheung CL, Cho HK, Chow YL, Fung KY, Lam WS, Calvin Li HL, Ying Ng S, Ngan MY, Szeto G. The biomechanical evaluation of patient transfer tasks by female nursing students: With and without a transfer belt. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2020; 82:102940. [PMID: 31473499 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study was to examine the kinematics, muscle activities, and perceived physical exertion in different regions of the spine during patient transfers by nursing students between a bed and a wheelchair, with or without a transfer belt in a laboratory setting. Results showed that with the effect of the belt, the % maximum voluntary contraction of the lumbar erector spinae was reduced significantly by nearly 10%. Muscle activity was significantly increased in thoracic erector and multifidus spinae during wheelchair-to-bed transfer, compared to bed-to-wheelchair transfers. There was no significant effect of belt or task on the spinal angular displacement in different spinal regions. Using the transfer belt was associated with a significantly decreased score for perceived exertion. In conclusion, this study supports the use of a transfer belt contributing to lower muscle activity and lower perceived physical exertion in the low back.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Cheung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jay Dai
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chun Lok Cheung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hung Kai Cho
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yan Lam Chow
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ka Yin Fung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wai Sze Lam
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hoi Leong Calvin Li
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Sin Ying Ng
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Man Ying Ngan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Grace Szeto
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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18
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Otto AK, Bischoff LL, Wollesen B. Work-Related Burdens and Requirements for Health Promotion Programs for Nursing Staff in Different Care Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193586. [PMID: 31557855 PMCID: PMC6801967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nursing staff in all settings have multiple work-related problems due to patient handling and occupational stressors, which result in high stress levels and low back pain. In this context the importance of health promotion becomes apparent. The aim of this study is to analyse whether nursing staff (in elderly care, hospitals, home care, or trainees) show different levels of work-related burdens and whether they require individualized components in health promotion programs. N = 242 German nurses were included in a quantitative survey (Health survey, Screening Scale (SSCS) of Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress, Slesina). The differences were tested using Chi2-Tests, Kruskal–Wallis Test and one-way ANOVA. Nurses differed in stress loads and were chronically stressed (F(3236) = 5.775, p = 0.001). Nurses in home care showed the highest SSCS-values with time pressure as the most important straining factor. The physical strains also placed a particular burden on nurses in home care, whereas they still reported higher physical well-being in contrast to nurses in elderly care (Chi2 = 24.734, p < 0.001). Nurses in elderly care and home care preferred strength training whereas nurses in hospitals and trainees favoured endurance training. Targeted programs are desirable for the reduction of work-related burdens. While nurses in elderly care and home care need a combination of ergonomic and strength training, all nurses require additional stress management. Planning should take into account barriers like perceived additional time consumption. Therefore, health promotion programs for all settings should be implemented during working time at the work setting and should consider the working schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Otto
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Laura L Bischoff
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Bettina Wollesen
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
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19
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Richardson A, Gurung G, Derrett S, Harcombe H. Perspectives on preventing musculoskeletal injuries in nurses: A qualitative study. Nurs Open 2019; 6:915-929. [PMID: 31367415 PMCID: PMC6650664 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To explore the perspectives of nursing and physiotherapy academics regarding techniques designed to prevent musculoskeletal pain and injury in nurses. BACKGROUND High rates of musculoskeletal injuries are evident in nurses, yet there is an absence of research identifying effective interventions to address this problem. Exploring the perspectives of individuals with specialist knowledge in the area could help identify barriers to musculoskeletal injury prevention, and innovative strategies to investigate in future studies. DESIGN Cross-sectional qualitative descriptive study. METHODS Between October-December 2017, group and individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. All interviews were audio-recorded. A thematic analysis was performed, with two researchers coding audio files using NVivo software. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research Checklist was consulted to ensure complete reporting of all methods and findings. RESULTS Nursing and physiotherapy academics (N = 10) were aware of a range of techniques to prevent musculoskeletal injuries in nurses, including education, equipment, health and safety policy and multi-disciplinary collaboration. However, several barriers to using these techniques were identified, including age, knowledge and availability of equipment, personal and contextual factors, staffing and time pressures. Several strategies were recommended for further investigation and implementation in clinical practice, such as the sharing of personal experiences, orthopaedic assessments and changes to workplaces that foster a culture of safety. CONCLUSIONS Further research is required to reduce musculoskeletal pain and injury among nurses. This research should account for the barriers to current prevention strategies and consider investigating novel interventions. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE These findings highlight strategies for preventing musculoskeletal injuries among nurses that are likely to be most effective in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Richardson
- Injury Prevention Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Gagan Gurung
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Sarah Derrett
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Helen Harcombe
- Injury Prevention Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
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20
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Pugh JD, Cormack K, Gelder L, Williams AM, Twigg DE, Blazevich AJ. Exercise, fitness and musculoskeletal health of undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional study. J Adv Nurs 2019; 75:2110-2121. [PMID: 30835867 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To describe the exercise, physical fitness and musculoskeletal health of nursing students. BACKGROUND Nursing students are prone to musculoskeletal disorders restricting work ability. Physical fitness and leisure-time exercise may affect responses to workplace exposures and risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHOD Between August 2013 and April 2015, a convenience sample of 111 nursing students performed submaximal exercise tests. Nursing work, exercise and musculoskeletal health were surveyed and analysed descriptively. RESULTS Students' mean age was 30.0 years, 89.2% were female and 20.0% worked in nursing while studying. Highest annual prevalence of musculoskeletal trouble was in low back (45.6%), neck (32.0%) and shoulder (18.5%) regions. Most exercised regularly but did not meet weekly cardiorespiratory, resistance, neuromotor and flexibility exercise recommendations and had poor to average fitness levels. Approximately 40% were overweight or obese; 26.1% had risk for obesity-related disease. CONCLUSIONS Interventions to improve nursing students' physical condition before entering the nursing workforce appear warranted. IMPACT Imbalance between physical work capacity and demanding workloads increases musculoskeletal disorder risk amongst undergraduate nursing students. A large proportion studied reported recent musculoskeletal trouble (particularly low back, neck and shoulder). They exhibited modifiable characteristics of overweight/obese, poor fitness and inadequate leisure-time exercise, predisposing them to work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Undergraduate preparation should raise nursing students' health literacy about physical fitness and ways to achieve it, for their musculoskeletal health and work capacity. Improving nursing students' fitness may enhance their work preparedness and help them achieve longevity in this physically demanding occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith D Pugh
- Centre for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Services Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kylie Cormack
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lucy Gelder
- Statistical Services Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Anne M Williams
- Centre for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Services Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Discipline of Nursing, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Diane E Twigg
- Centre for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Services Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony J Blazevich
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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21
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Crawford RJ, Volken T, Schaffert R, Bucher T. Higher low back and neck pain in final year Swiss health professions' students: worrying susceptibilities identified in a multi-centre comparison to the national population. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1188. [PMID: 30340573 PMCID: PMC6194686 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) and neck pain (NP) are of considerable socioeconomic burden. Considering the escalating demand on health services that LBP and NP have globally, they represent an arguably unsustainable drain on resources with the projected increased demand secondary to an ageing population. Identifying populations at risk for LBP and NP may inform public health prevention strategies. Health professions' (HP) students may be more susceptible due to their demographic factors and potentially risky postural demands of their education and formative clinical practice. The aim of our study was to compare self-reported LBP and NP of HP students with the general and stratified Swiss population to identify their prevalence. In addition, we compared the prevalence of LBP and NP in students studying different professions in order to identify whether susceptibilities exist. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, self-reported LBP and NP reported by final-year HP students (n = 1848) were compared with the Swiss national population aged ≥15 years living in private households (n = 21,597). Binary regression models estimated crude prevalence and prevalence adjusted for age, gender, and education. Design-based F-Tests assessed differences between students and the Swiss population. RESULTS Crude, overall four-week (4w) prevalence (mean (95% CIs)) for LBP was 61.0% (58.4-63.5) in all HP students versus 40.0% (39.2-40.9) in the Swiss population. Female HP students aged 21-30 years (63.3% (60.5-66.1)) reported higher LBP than the same-aged Swiss female population with secondary (43.7% (39.5-47.9)) or tertiary (36.6% (30.8-42.9)) education. Crude, overall 4w prevalence for NP was 59.8% (57.2-62.3) in all HP students versus 36.4% (35.6-37.3) in the Swiss population. Female health professions' students aged 21-30 years reported higher NP (63.2% (60.4-66.0)) than the same-aged Swiss female population with secondary (36.6% (32.7-40.8)) or tertiary (35.4% (29.6-41.8)) education. The inter-professional differences shown indicate midwifery to be most susceptible to reporting both conditions. CONCLUSIONS Considerably higher LBP and NP were reported by final year HP students when compared with the general and stratified Swiss population. Worrying inter-professional susceptibilities were shown and reveal the need for further explanatory studies. Measures to reduce complex health problems like LBP and NP should be introduced into curricula in order to optimize the longevity of clinical careers and to protect the future HP workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Volken
- Institute for Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - René Schaffert
- Institute for Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Bucher
- Specialist Unit for Quality Management and Evaluation, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
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22
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Morimoto HC, Jones A, Natour J. Assessment of gesture behavior and knowledge on low back pain among nurses. Adv Rheumatol 2018; 58:27. [DOI: 10.1186/s42358-018-0029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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23
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Bakker EJM, Kox JHAM, Miedema HS, Bierma-Zeinstra S, Runhaar J, Boot CRL, van der Beek AJ, Roelofs PDDM. Physical and mental determinants of dropout and retention among nursing students: protocol of the SPRiNG cohort study. BMC Nurs 2018; 17:27. [PMID: 29977155 PMCID: PMC6014022 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-018-0296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The shortage of nursing professionals is of growing concern. The causes of this include the demanding physical and mental workload, leading to a dropout of nurses that may start during their education. However, it is unclear to what extent nursing students already perceive a physical and mental workload leading to health problems during their nursing education and placement, and to what extent these health problems cause students to dropout from nursing education. Very few prospective cohort studies have investigated protective and risk factors in relation to dropout and retention among nursing students. Methods Three cohorts of third-year nursing students will be followed for 2.5 years. Students will be enrolled from the Bachelor of Nursing program of the Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences. At baseline, students will receive a self-administered questionnaire. Primary outcome is dropout from nursing education and dropout from the nursing profession. Data on dropout from nursing education will be retrieved from the student administration on a yearly basis. Dropout from the nursing profession will be measured one year after graduation, using the self-reported questionnaire. Secondary outcomes are presenteeism and sick leave (during internship/work). In addition to student characteristics, the questionnaire asks about physical and mental internship/work characteristics, personal and behavioral factors, and experienced physical and mental burden.Main aims of this study are to determine: 1) the prevalence and incidence rates of dropout, 2) the protective and risk factors, and early indicators of dropout, and 3) the interaction between these factors and the indicators. Discussion Data analysis of a large, prospective cohort study with regard to determinants of dropout and retention of nursing students and newly graduated nurses is in progress. Findings emerging from this study can be used to develop a predictive model to identify the first indicators of dropout from nursing education and nursing profession, for which targeted interventions can be deployed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen J M Bakker
- 1Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,2Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center - Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jos H A M Kox
- 1Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,3Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Harald S Miedema
- 1Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sita Bierma-Zeinstra
- 3Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,4Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jos Runhaar
- 3Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cécile R L Boot
- 2Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center - Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Allard J van der Beek
- 2Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center - Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pepijn D D M Roelofs
- 1Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,3Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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24
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The efficacy of interventions for low back pain in nurses: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud 2018; 77:222-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Bakola H, Zyga S, Stergioulas A, Kipreos G, Panoutsopoulos G. Musculoskeletal Problems Among Greek Perioperative Nurses in Regional Hospitals in Southern Peloponnese : Musculoskeletal Problems in Perioperative Nurses. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 989:21-37. [PMID: 28971414 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57348-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The surgery unit is a particularly labor-intensive environment in the hospital. Studies reflect the correlation of labor risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries among nurses but few have investigated the relationship to perioperative nurses. The purpose of this study is the identification and definition of ergonomic risk factors in the operating room and their connection with musculoskeletal disorders in perioperative nurses in regional hospitals in Greece. Forty four Greek perioperative nurses working in regional hospitals in southern Peloponnese participated. Anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data, which consisted of three parts (investigating musculoskeletal symptoms, description of work, psychometric evaluation). The analysis was done with the statistical program SPSS.19. Symptoms of musculoskeletal problems emerged. Specifically, 54.4% in the lumbar, 47.7% in the neck, 45.5% in the shoulder, followed by smaller percentages of the hip, knee, elbow and ankle. 6.8% of participants indicated no musculoskeletal symptoms in the last year while 74.9% of those who had symptoms presented them in two or more areas. Activities rated as a major problem among others were the manual handling, tools with weight and vibration etc. 100% of respondents agreed that the work in the surgery unit is demanding and has anxiety. The lack of support from the government (81.8%), combined with the low perioperative nurses (6.8%) having the opportunity to participate in administrative decisions concerning them were related to problems in the organization and management of work. Apart from engineers target factors, a main aim should be the organization of work within the framework of a national policy based on European directives on the protection and promotion of the health and safety of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Bakola
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece.
| | - Sofia Zyga
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece
| | - Apostolos Stergioulas
- Department of Sports, Organization and Management, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
| | - George Kipreos
- Department of Sports, Organization and Management, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
| | - George Panoutsopoulos
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece
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Boughattas W, Maalel OE, Maoua M, Bougmiza I, Kalboussi H, Brahem A, Chatti S, Mahjoub F, Mrizak N. Low Back Pain among Nurses: Prevalence, and Occupational Risk Factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/odem.2017.51003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Shawashi TO, Subih MM, Al Hadid LAR, Abu Adas M. Occupational-related back pain among Jordanian nurses: A descriptive study. Int J Nurs Pract 2016; 21 Suppl 2:108-14. [PMID: 26125578 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Back pain is the leading cause of disability, decreased physical performance at work and absenteeism. Activities leading to the occurrence of back pain include patient transfer and long standing hours. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and determine the activities responsible for the presence of back pain among Jordanian nurses. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of nurses from governmental hospitals in Jordan. A self-report questionnaire was developed by Stubbs et al. and Harber et al. A descriptive method using mean, standard deviations and percentages was used, in addition to chi-square tests. Baseline findings indicated that more than three-quarters of the nurses studied suffered back pain during their work. Among nurses with back pain, about a fifth of them reported it to administration. The highest percentage of back pain was among critical care nurses. Further, the static factors contributed less commonly to back pain compared with the dynamic factors. Nearly half the participants with back pain reported taking days off more frequently. Jordanian nurses demonstrated one of the highest frequencies of back pain compared with other studies. Focus should be placed on education programmes about the appropriate body mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagreed O Shawashi
- Nursing Faculty, Clinical Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Maha M Subih
- Nursing Faculty, Clinical Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Mohammad Abu Adas
- Nursing College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Boucaut R, Cusack L. 'Sometimes your safety goes a bit by the wayside' … exploring occupational health and safety (OHS) with student nurses. Nurse Educ Pract 2016; 20:93-8. [PMID: 27525567 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Because nursing is a high risk profession in terms of occupational health and safety (OHS), the topic of OHS is an important component of student nurse education and practice. Seeking ways to enhance curricular content and foster student health, safety and wellbeing is an ongoing pursuit. This pilot study explored nursing student perspectives about OHS in the clinical setting to develop an understanding of student views that could enlighten teaching about this topic within the undergraduate nursing course. Focus groups were held with pre-registration student nurses in two discrete cohort levels (first and third year). Themes were identified from the focus group discussion about trust, knowledge and responsibility. The students demonstrated a sound grasp of clinical hazards and associated administrative controls. Strengthening student awareness of higher order controls and their evaluation would augment their knowledge of legislative requirements. Students may benefit from learning about a risk management approach to OHS which would provide them with a structured basis for problem solving. This may assist them with clinical reasoning about health and safety issues and empower them in aspects of self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Boucaut
- School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | - Lynette Cusack
- School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia 5000, Australia.
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Menzel N, Feng D, Doolen J. Low Back Pain in Student Nurses: Literature Review and Prospective Cohort Study. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh 2016; 13:/j/ijnes.2016.13.issue-1/ijnes-2015-0057/ijnes-2015-0057.xml. [PMID: 27176750 DOI: 10.1515/ijnes-2015-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
There is consensus that registered nurses worldwide have a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, particularly of the back. Patient handling activities such as lifting present the highest risk of injury, activities that begin in nursing school. A literature review identified 21 studies of back pain in nursing students, indicating a wide range of prevalence rates. A prospective cohort study of nursing students in a United States baccalaureate program followed 119 students who completed the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire upon beginning the 16 month upper division major and then a year later. There was no statistically significant change in low back pain prevalence over time. While nursing students have intermittent and brief exposure to patient handling activities, nursing schools must nevertheless protect them before they enter the high risk profession of nursing by teaching evidence-based safe patient handling techniques, empowering students to refuse unsafe manual lifts, and ensuring that the clinical settings with which they affiliate have adequate mechanical equipment available.
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Pugh JD, Gelder L, Williams AM, Twigg DE, Wilkinson AM, Blazevich AJ. Validity and reliability of an online extended version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E2) to measure nurses' fitness. J Clin Nurs 2015; 24:3550-63. [PMID: 26415886 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe modifications to a second extended version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire for online use in nursing populations, and check validity and reliability. BACKGROUND The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire has been used to assess the severity and impact of musculoskeletal symptoms in occupational groups. The reliability of a previous extended version was established for paper-based, self-administration among nursing students. This current study extended the questionnaire to collect more information regarding musculoskeletal symptoms in all nine body regions and their work-relatedness, as an instrument is needed to gather evidence about the impact of fitness levels on occupational musculoskeletal disorders among nurses. DESIGN Psychometric evaluation. METHOD Sixty-five undergraduate nurses completed the online extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire twice. Content validity was examined by expert review and construct validity by exploratory factor analysis of 90 responses from the first completion. Reliability was checked by examining internal consistency, kappa statistics, proportions of observed, and positive and negative agreements, intra-class correlation coefficient and standard error of measurement. RESULTS The instrument had high internal consistency and exploratory factor analysis revealed it was a relatively homogenous (unidimensional) measure of musculoskeletal symptom severity. Age of onset of symptoms questions were reliable, with high mean intra-class correlation coefficients and low mean standard errors of measurement. Overall, questions showed high mean strengths of agreement and proportions of observed agreement: three-quarters of the prevalence questions and 99% of the severity/impact questions had 10% or fewer disagreements. CONCLUSIONS Modifications to the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and online administration did not diminish its validity or reliability for obtaining information about the severity of nurses' musculoskeletal symptoms. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Occupational musculoskeletal disorders are an issue for nurses. This questionnaire can be used to monitor nurses' musculoskeletal health, and in musculoskeletal disorder prevention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith D Pugh
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Lucy Gelder
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Anne M Williams
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Health Professions, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.,Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Diane E Twigg
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Anne M Wilkinson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Anthony J Blazevich
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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Kay K, Evans A, Glass N. Moments of speaking and silencing: Nurses share their experiences of manual handling in healthcare. Collegian 2015; 22:61-70. [PMID: 26285410 DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nursing care involves complex patient handling tasks, resulting in high musculoskeletal injury rates. Epidemiological studies from the 1980s estimated a lifetime prevalence of lower back injuries for nurses between 35 and 80%. National and international studies continue to mirror these findings. Despite the development of programs intended to reduce manual handling injuries, sustainable solutions remain elusive. This paper reports on a study of nurses speaking about their perspectives on current manual handling practices. Qualitative research conducted in 2012 investigated nurses' perceptions and experiences relating to manual handling in the healthcare context and their participation in injury prevention programs. There were two research methods: semi-structured interviews and researcher reflective journaling. The research was framed in critical emancipatory methodology. Thirteen nurses from two Australian states participated in the study. Thematic analysis revealed an overarching theme of 'power relations' with a subcategory of '(mis)power' that comprised two subthemes, these being 'how to practice' and 'voicing practice issues'. Specifically, this paper explores nurses verbalising their views in the workplace and responses which left them feeling silenced, punished and disillusioned. The findings suggest that the sociopolitical context within which nurses practice impacts upon their ability to voice concerns or ideas related to manual handling. Inclusion of nurses in the manual handling dialogue may generate an expanded understanding of, and the potential to transform, manual handling practices in healthcare environments.
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Backåberg S, Gummesson C, Brunt D, Rask M. Is that really my movement? - Students' experiences of a video-supported interactive learning model for movement awareness. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2015; 10:28474. [PMID: 26274385 PMCID: PMC4536774 DOI: 10.3402/qhw.v10.28474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthcare staff and students have a great risk of developing musculoskeletal symptoms. One cause of this is heavy load related work activities such as manual handling, in which the quality of individual work technique may play a major role. Preventive interventions and well-defined educational strategies to support movement awareness and long-lasting movement changes need to be developed. The aim of the present study was to explore nursing students’ experiences of a newly developed interactive learning model for movement awareness. The learning model, which is based on a life-world perspective with focus on interpersonal interaction, has been used with 11 undergraduate students from the second and final year. Each student participated in three individual video sessions with a facilitator. Two individual interviews were carried out with each student during the learning process and one interview 12–18 months after the last session. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and a phenomenological hermeneutic method inspired by Paul Ricoeur and described by Lindseth and Norberg was used to interpret the interviews and diary notes. The interpretation resulted in three key themes and nine subthemes. The key themes were; “Obtaining better preconditions for bodily awareness,” “Experiencing changes in one's own movement,” and “Experiencing challenges in the learning process.” The interactive learning model entails a powerful and challenging experience that develops movement awareness. The experience of meaningfulness and usefulness emerges increasingly and alternates with a feeling of discomfort. The learning model may contribute to the body of knowledge of well-defined educational strategies in movement awareness and learning in, for example, preventive interventions and ergonomic education. It may also be valuable in other practical learning situations where movement awareness is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Backåberg
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden;
| | - Christina Gummesson
- Center for Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Brunt
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rask
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
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Straker LM, Hall GL, Mountain J, Howie EK, White E, McArdle N, Eastwood PR. Rationale, design and methods for the 22 year follow-up of the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:663. [PMID: 26169918 PMCID: PMC4501054 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adulthood is a critical life period for health and health behaviours. Related measurements collected before and after birth, and during childhood and adolescence can provide a life-course analysis of important factors that contribute to health and behaviour in young adulthood. The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study has collected a large number of such measurements during the fetal, perinatal, infancy, childhood and adolescence periods and plans to relate them to common health issues and behaviours in young adults, including spinal pain, asthma, sleep disorders, physical activity and sedentary behaviour and, work absenteeism and presenteeism. The aim of this paper is to describe the rationale, design and methods of the 22 year follow-up of the Raine Study cohort. METHODS/DESIGN The Raine Study is a prospective cohort study. Participants still active in the cohort (n = 2,086) were contacted around the time of their 22nd birthday and invited to participate in the 22 year follow-up. Each was asked to complete a questionnaire, attend a research facility for physical assessment and an overnight sleep study, wear activity monitors for a week, and to maintain a sleep and activity diary over this week. The questionnaire was broad and included questions related to sociodemographics, medical history, quality of life, psychological factors, lifestyle factors, spinal pain, respiratory, sleep, activity and work factors. Physical assessments included anthropometry, blood pressure, back muscle endurance, tissue sensitivity, lung function, airway reactivity, allergic status, 3D facial photographs, cognitive function, and overnight polysomnography. DISCUSSION Describing the prevalence of these health issues and behaviours in young adulthood will enable better recognition of the issues and planning of health care resources. Providing a detailed description of the phenotype of these issues will provide valuable information to help educate health professionals of the needs of young adults. Understanding the life-course risk factors of health issues and behaviours in young adulthood will have important health planning implications, supporting the development of targeted interventions to improve current health status and reduce the onset and development of further ill-health across adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon M Straker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.
| | - Graham L Hall
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
| | - Jenny Mountain
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | | | | | - Nigel McArdle
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Back pain beliefs are related to the impact of low back pain in baby boomers in the Busselton Healthy Aging Study. Phys Ther 2015; 95:180-9. [PMID: 25256742 DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20140064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Back pain beliefs (BPBs) are an important modifiable factor related to disability associated with low back pain (LBP). Back pain beliefs have not been characterized in baby boomers, a group at risk for decreased activity levels and reduced productivity. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were: (1) to identify factors related to BPBs and (2) to evaluate the association between LBP disability and beliefs. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey of community-dwelling baby boomers (born 1946-1964) was conducted. METHODS Nine hundred fifty-eight baby boomers (mean age=56.2 years) participating in the Busselton Healthy Aging Study provided their history of LBP, BPBs, LBP behaviors related to care seeking (taking medication, seeking professional help) and activity modification (missing work, interference with normal activities, interference with recreational activities), LBP-related disability, and additional covariates with known associations with BPBs. Regression analyses were used to: (1) identify factors associated with more positive beliefs and (2) test the association between more positive BPBs and lower LBP disability, independent of other correlates of BPBs. RESULTS More positive BPBs were associated with younger age, better mental well-being, and higher income, whereas more negative BPBs were associated with receiving sickness or disability benefits and the experience of LBP in the previous month. In participants who reported experiencing LBP within the previous month, more positive BPBs were associated with lower disability scale scores and a decreased probability of interference with usual activities, independent of pain intensity, age, mental well-being, income, and employment status. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional analysis limits assessment of causality. CONCLUSIONS Poorer BPBs were associated with greater disability. Characterization of the relationships between BPBs and LBP-associated behaviors and disability in baby boomers can assist in developing interventions to improve activity participation and productivity, potentially reducing the burden of LBP in this age group.
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Rufa'i AA, Sa'idu IA, Ahmad RY, Elmi OS, Aliyu SU, Jajere AM, Digil AA. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Low Back Pain Among Professional Drivers in Kano, Nigeria. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2015; 70:251-255. [PMID: 24219691 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2013.845139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and impact of low back pain (LBP) among professional drivers in Nigeria. Two hundred male drivers aged 19-64 years were recruited in the study. Data regarding prevalence, individual risk factors, and impact of LBP were obtained. The prevalence rate of LBP was 73.5%, and LBP have affected the driving performance of up to 74% drivers. After adjustment for age, LBP prevalence was associated with driving for >15 hours/day (odds ratio [OR]; 95% confidence interval [CI]): (0.04; 0.01, 0.20), driving car (5.52; 1.55, 19.64), and driving bus (10.49; 2.63, 41.82). No association was found between LBP prevalence and years spent driving. The study found that high prevalence of LBP affected the performance of a substantial percentage of the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adamu Ahmad Rufa'i
- a Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences , University of Maiduguri , Maiduguri , Nigeria
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Abedini S, Morowatisharifabad MA, Enjezab B, Barkhordari A, Fallahzadeh H. Risk Perception of Nonspecific Low Back Pain among Nurses: A Qualitative Approach. Health Promot Perspect 2014; 4:221-9. [PMID: 25648952 DOI: 10.5681/hpp.2014.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) is a common medical problem among nurses. A better understanding of nurses' experiences about LBP may help to develop preventative approaches. The study aimed to explore risk perceptions of nonspecific LBP among nurses in Bandar Abbas City, southern Iran. METHODS This qualitative study conducted as directed content analysis in 2013. Private semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 30 nurses with minimum of 1-year working experience in hospital. The interview questions were based on perceived severity and vulnerability structures of Protection Motivation Theory. All interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Perceived Severity had the following sub-themes: developing disorders in one's own life and profession, psychical and mental consequences, conflicts and problems in family life, and financial problems. Two sub-themes (problems and limitations in hospital's working system, nature of nursing profession) were identified in relation to perceived vulnerability. CONCLUSION Nurses reflected their concerns about the impact of LBP on their job security and their considerations about how their back pain might be interpreted by their employers and co-workers. Importance of transparent medical diagnostic procedure and clinical evidence to justify degree of LBP and its burden on the nurses' performance was also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Abedini
- Department of Public Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Behnaz Enjezab
- Department of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barkhordari
- Department of Occupational Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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El-Soud AMA, El-Najjar AR, El-Fattah NA, Hassan AA. Prevalence of low back pain in working nurses in Zagazig University Hospitals: an epidemiological study. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2014. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-161x.140525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Tan BK, Smith AJ, O'Sullivan PB, Chen G, Burnett AF, Briggs AM. Low back pain beliefs are associated to age, location of work, education and pain-related disability in Chinese healthcare professionals working in China: a cross sectional survey. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:255. [PMID: 25065641 PMCID: PMC4118206 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Evidence pointing towards a more efficacious model of care using a biopsychosocial approach for LBP management highlights the need to understand the pain-related beliefs of patients and those who treat them. The beliefs held by healthcare professionals (HCPs) are known to influence the treatment advice given to patients and consequently management outcomes. Back pain beliefs are known to be influenced by factors such as culture, education, health literacy, place of work, personal experience of LBP and the sequelae of LBP such as disability. There is currently a knowledge gap among these relationships in non-western countries. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between LBP-related beliefs among Chinese HCPs and characteristics of these HCPs. Methods A convenience sample of 432 HCPs working in various health settings in Shanghai, China, completed a series of questionnaires assessing their demographic characteristics, LBP status, pain-related disability and their beliefs about their own LBP experience, using the Back beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ) and the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ). Results Younger Chinese HCPs (20–29 years) held more negative beliefs and attitudes related to LBP compared to older HCPs (>40years; BBQ mean difference [95% CI]: 2.4 [0.9 - 3.9], p = 0.001). HCPs working outside tertiary hospitals had poorer beliefs concerning the inevitable consequences of LBP (BBQ mean difference [95% CI]: −2.4 [−3.8 - −1.0], p = 0.001). HCPs who experienced LBP had higher level of fear avoidance beliefs when experiencing high LBP-related disability (FABQ-physical mean difference [95% CI]: 2.8 [1.5 - 4.1], p < 0.001; FABQ-work mean difference [95% CI]: 6.2 [4.0 - 8.4], p < 0.001)) and had lower level of fear avoidance beliefs if they had completed postgraduate study (FABQ-physical mean difference [95% CI]: 2.9 [−5.8 - 0.0], p = 0.049). Conclusion This study suggests that LBP-related beliefs and attitudes among Chinese HCPs are influenced by age, location of work, level of LBP-related disability and education level. Understanding back pain beliefs of Chinese HCPs forms an important foundation for future studies into the condition and its management in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- B-K Tan
- International Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Curtin University, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
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Reed LF, Battistutta D, Young J, Newman B. Prevalence and risk factors for foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders experienced by nurses. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:196. [PMID: 24902582 PMCID: PMC4061517 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nurses are at high risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Although the prevalence of MSDs of the lower back, upper limbs, neck and shoulders have been reported previously in nursing, few studies have evaluated MSDs of the foot and ankle. This study evaluated the prevalence of foot and ankle MSDs in nurses and their relation to individual and workplace risk factors. Methods A self-administered survey incorporating the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was distributed, over a nine-week period, to all eligible nurses (n = 416) working in a paediatric hospital in Brisbane, Australia. The prevalence of MSDs for each of the NMQ body regions was determined. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between activity-limiting foot/ankle MSDs and risk factors related to the individual (age, body mass index, number of existing foot conditions, smoking history, general physical health [SF36 Physical Component Scale], footwear features) or the workplace (level of nursing position, work location, average hours worked, hours worked in previous week, time since last break from work). Results A 73% response rate was achieved with 304 nurses completing surveys, of whom 276 were females (91%). Mean age of the nurses was 37 years (±10), younger than the state average of 43 years. Foot/ankle MSDs were the most prevalent conditions experienced by nurses during the preceding seven days (43.8%, 95% CI 38.2-49.4%), the second most prevalent MSDs to impair physical activity (16.7%, 95% CI 13.0-21.3%), and the third most prevalent MSD, after lower-back and neck problems, during the preceding 12 months (55.3%, 95% CI 49.6-60.7%). Of the nurse and work characteristics investigated, obesity, poor general physical health, existing foot conditions and working in the intensive care unit emerged as statistically significant (p < 0.05) independent risk factors for activity-limiting foot/ankle MSDs. Conclusions Foot/ankle MSDs are common in paediatric hospital nurses and resulted in physical activity limitations in one out of every six nurses. We recommend targeted education programs regarding the prevention, self-management and treatment strategies for foot/ankle MSDs. Further research is needed into the impact of work location and extended shift durations on foot/ankle MSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd F Reed
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Lumbar spine side bending is reduced in end range extension compared to neutral and end range flexion postures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:114-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lövgren M, Gustavsson P, Melin B, Rudman A. Neck/shoulder and back pain in new graduate nurses: A growth mixture modeling analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2014; 51:625-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ovayolu O, Ovayolu N, Genc M, Col-Araz N. Frequency and severity of low back pain in nurses working in intensive care units and influential factors. Pak J Med Sci 2014; 30:70-6. [PMID: 24639834 PMCID: PMC3955545 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.301.3455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine the frequency and severity of low back pain and influencing factors in nurses working in intensive care units. Methods: This research was conducted as a cross-sectional study with 114 nurses working in the intensive care units in the province of Gaziantep, Turkey. Study data were collected using a questionnaire form and visual analogue scale. Results: It was found that 84.2% of the nurses experienced low back pain, and 66.7% of the nurses evaluated this pain as “a pain with moderate severity”. It was determined that nurses who had not received any education on low back pain, who remained standing for long periods of time, who performed interventions that required bending forward, who lifted and repositioned patients, and who did not use any aiding equipment during interventions, experienced more pain and had higher average pain scores. In addition, average pain scores were higher among nurses with master’s and doctorate degrees, and those working in internal medicine and pediatric intensive care units and working in shifts. Conclusion: It was observed that many of the nurses working in intensive care units experienced low back pain, and especially those working in internal medicine and pediatric intensive care units and working in shifts had higher average pain scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ovayolu
- Ozlem Ovayolu, RN, PhD, Gaziantep University, Faculty of Health Science, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Nimet Ovayolu
- Nimet Ovayolu, RN, PhD, Associate Professor, Gaziantep University, Faculty of Health Science, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Genc
- Mehtap Genc, RN, BSN, Instructor, Bitlis Eren University, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - Nilgun Col-Araz
- Nilgun Col-Araz, Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Backåberg S, Rask M, Brunt D, Gummesson C. Impact of musculoskeletal symptoms on general physical activity during nursing education. Nurse Educ Pract 2014; 14:385-90. [PMID: 24594281 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Nursing education should prepare students for a lifelong professional career including managing clinical physical demands. Musculoskeletal symptoms, such as bodily pain, have been reported among nurses and nursing students but less is known about the impact of symptoms in daily activities. The aim was to explore the prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms and their impact on general physical activity among nursing students. This cross-sectional study was based on a questionnaire to all undergraduate nursing students at one university. The prevalence of symptoms and physical impact during past 3 and 12 months was calculated for each study year. Odds ratio was analysed with logistic regression. Of 348 students 224 responded, 84% women, mean age 24.6 years (range 20-46). Of those 143 (64%) reporting symptoms during the past 12 months, 91 (64%) reported impact on physical activities. Most commonly reported were everyday activities such as transportations and prolonged sitting. The odds ratio for reporting symptoms was 1.8 for year 2 (95% CI: 0.9-3.5), and 4.7 for year 3 (95% CI: 2.1-10.7). The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was high among nursing students and higher the final study year and not only resulted in discomfort but had an impact on the students' general physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Backåberg
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Rask
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Sweden.
| | - David Brunt
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Linnaeus University, Sweden.
| | - Christina Gummesson
- Center for Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden; Department of Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Lund University, Sweden.
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Al-Eisa E, Al-Abbad H. Occupational Back Pain Among Rehabilitation Nurses in Saudi Arabia: The Influence of Knowledge and Awareness. Workplace Health Saf 2013. [DOI: 10.3928/21650799-20130816-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Al-Eisa E, Al-Abbad H. Occupational back pain among rehabilitation nurses in Saudi Arabia: the influence of knowledge and awareness. Workplace Health Saf 2013; 61:401-7. [PMID: 23957832 DOI: 10.1177/216507991306100905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Occupational low back pain among nurses has been the subject of research studies worldwide. However, evidence of the influence of nurses' awareness of safe handling practices and compliance with standard guidelines on low back pain remains scarce. This study examined the association between occupational low back pain and level of awareness of back care, and described the self-reported nature of low back pain in relation to organizational policies among nurses in Saudi Arabia. A total of 155 nurses working in a rehabilitation hospital participated in the study. The lack of a patient handling policy at the workplace was identified as a significant risk factor for the development of low back pain, whereas exercising regularly was a protective factor. Not only mechanical exposure but also organizational factors and level of awareness were related to the development of low back pain. This study highlights the need to develop institutional plans for injury reporting, and provides evidence of the importance of incorporating awareness as part of prevention strategies.
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Low back pain among female nurses in Yemen. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2013; 26:605-14. [DOI: 10.2478/s13382-013-0124-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
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Peniston JH. A review of pharmacotherapy for chronic low back pain with considerations for sports medicine. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2012; 40:21-32. [PMID: 23306412 DOI: 10.3810/psm.2012.11.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Up to 30% of athletes experience low back pain (LBP) depending on sport type, sex, training intensity and frequency, and technique. United States clinical guidelines define back pain as chronic if it persists for ≥ 12 weeks, and subacute if it persists 4 to < 12 weeks. Certain sports injuries are likely to lead to chronic pain. Persistent or chronic symptoms are frequently associated with degenerative lumbar disc disease or spondylolytic stress lesions. Exercise therapy is widely used and is the most conservative form of treatment for chronic LBP (cLBP). Pharmacotherapies for cLBP include acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids. Acetaminophen is a well-tolerated first-line pharmacotherapy, but high-dose, long-term use is associated with hepatic toxicity. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be an effective second-line option if acetaminophen proves inadequate but they have well-known risks of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and other systemic adverse effects that increase with patient age, dose amount, and duration of use. The serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, duloxetine, has demonstrated modest efficacy and is associated with systematic adverse events, including serotonin syndrome, which can be dose related or result from interaction with other analgesics. Opioids may be an effective choice for moderate to severe pain but also have significant risks of adverse events and carry a substantial risk of addiction and abuse. Because the course of cLBP may be protracted, patients may require treatment over years or decades, and it is critical that the risk/benefit profiles of pharmacotherapies are closely evaluated to ensure that short- and long-term treatments are optimized for each patient. This article reviews the clinical evidence and the guideline recommendations for pharmacotherapy of cLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Peniston
- Feasterville Family Health Care Center, Feasterville, PA, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Disability in adults with low back pain (LBP) is associated with negative back pain beliefs (BPBs). Adult BPBs can be positively influenced with education, resulting in reduced LBP disability. By late adolescence, the prevalence of LBP reaches adult levels. The relationship among LBP experience, LBP impact, and BPBs has not been investigated in late adolescence. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to document unknown relationships among LBP experience, LBP impact, and BPBs in 17-year-olds. Design A cross-sectional study design was used. METHODS Adolescents (n=1,126) in the Raine Study provided full information on LBP, LBP impact (sought professional advice or treatment, taken medication, missed school or work, interfered with normal activities, interfered with physical activities), BPBs, and a number of covariates. RESULTS Back pain beliefs were more positive in participants with experience of LBP (X=30.2, SD=5.6) than in those without experience of LBP (X=28.5, SD=5.1). Individuals with LBP without activity modification impacts had more positive BPBs than those with activity modification impacts, even after adjustment for mental well-being and sex. The adjusted difference in BPBs between participants with experience of LBP but no activity modification impacts and those reporting all 3 activity modification impacts was 2.9 points (95% confidence interval=1.7 to 4.2). Participants with no activity modification impacts had more positive BPBs than those with no experience of LBP (adjusted difference=2.2 points, 95% confidence interval=1.4 to 2.9). More positive BPBs also were associated with female sex, lower body mass index, higher family income, better 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Health scale scores, and more positive primary caregiver beliefs. Limitations Cause and effect cannot be ascertained with the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSION Differences in BPBs are associated with different levels of LBP impact at 17 years of age. This finding provides a potential target for intervention early during the life course.
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Kay K, Glass N, Evans A. It’s not about the hoist: A narrative literature review of manual handling in healthcare. J Res Nurs 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1744987112455423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The manual handling of people and objects is integral to the provision of nursing care to patients globally. Despite over 30 years of research intended to guide improvements for nurses’ safety, substantial rates of manual handling injuries persist internationally within the nursing profession. This paper reviews the contemporary international literature regarding manual handling interventions noting the unique context for injury prevention strategies within healthcare. The review includes the recognition of underlying assumptions inherent in the conceptualisation of manual handling and its management, and the preponderance of the post-positivist paradigm in this field. The complexity of manual handling in healthcare has resulted in a theoretical shift from single factor interventions based on technique training towards an emerging multidimensional approach. However the key elements for sustainable solutions to reduce nurses’ manual handling injuries have not yet been identified and consensus is lacking regarding the implementation and appropriate evaluation of injury prevention programmes. Furthermore, whilst the literature is replete with data derived from surveys or insurance industry records of compensation claims, there is a dearth of literature exploring nurses’ manual handling experiences. The in-depth investigation of nurses’ perspectives on manual handling may uncover new knowledge critical to improvement of the manual handling issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Kay
- PhD candidate, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Nel Glass
- Research Professor in Nursing, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Alicia Evans
- Senior Lecturer, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Australia
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