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Almegewly WH, Karavasileiadou S, Alotaibi TS. Exploring the experiences of female undergraduate nursing students in providing home healthcare to older adults. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2291838. [PMID: 38055792 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2291838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In light of the growing ageing population in Saudi Arabia and Saudi nurses' hesitation to work with the older population, it is important to understand the experiences of nursing students on their clinical placement in home healthcare. METHODS This study is a descriptive qualitative study based on five focus groups of 3-5 students each. Data were collected from female senior baccalaureate nursing students at a female governmental university in Saudi Arabia, and during their placement in home healthcare. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Five main themes emerged : struggling with their own family; struggling with cultural and social beliefs; struggling during clinical training; struggling with domestic caregivers; and reflections for the future were considered important impressions in clinical experience. CONCLUSION The culture of Saudi Arabian society is an important factor in shaping the training experience of female nursing students either positively or negatively, specifically in the context of home healthcare nursing for older patients. The results of this study show how important it is for students to be prepared for the clinical environment, the nature of the work, and the role of the home healthcare nurse in order to improve their clinical learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Hamad Almegewly
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Taghreed Samel Alotaibi
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Adagide S, Canlı S, Aksoy M. The identification of the relationship between nursing students' disgust sensitivity and willingness to care for the elderly: The case of a university. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 59:453-457. [PMID: 39141952 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In clinical learning environments, nursing students frequently encounter situations that cause physical disgust. It is believed that a high sensitivity to disgust among students can negatively affect their academic performance and caregiving behavior. This study was conducted to identify the relationship between nursing students' disgust sensitivity and willingness to care for older adults. METHOD This descriptive and cross-sectional research was conducted with 807 volunteer participants studying at the Department of Nursing of a university in southeast Turkey. The research data were collected by using the Personal Information Form, the Disgust Sensitivity Scale - Revised Form (DS-R), and the Willingness to Care for the Elderly Scale (WCES) . Descriptive statistics, the Student's t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the One-Way Analysis of Variance, and Pearson's correlation were used in the analysis of research data. RESULTS In the research, nursing students' mean DS-R and WCES scores were calculated respectively as 77.93 ± 16.40 and 34.16 ± 5.98 points. A statistically significant negative relationship was found between nursing students' DS-R and WCES scores (p < 0.05). In the research, there were statistically significant differences in nursing students' mean DS-R scores as per the variables of student gender and class year. Also, it was found that, as per the variables of student nationality and the status of assuming responsibility for the care of a sick or old relative, there were statistically significant differences in both nursing students' mean DS-R scores and their mean WCES scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION It was concluded that nursing students had high-level disgust sensitivity and medium-level willingness to care for an older adult. As the disgust sensitivity of the nursing students increased, their willingness to care for an older adult was negatively affected. Therefore, it is important that nurse educators evaluate nursing students' disgust sensitivity and help nursing students define and eliminate their disgust emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simla Adagide
- Siirt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing Psychiatric, Siirt Turkey
| | - Serap Canlı
- Department of Elderly Care, Haymana Vocational School, University of Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Meyreme Aksoy
- Siirt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing Fundamentals, Siirt Turkey.
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Bahador RS, Dastyar N, Ahmadidarrehsima S, Rafati S, Rafati F. The patients' lived experiences with equitable nursing care. Nurs Ethics 2024; 31:859-874. [PMID: 37867260 DOI: 10.1177/09697330231209293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Equitable care is a fundamental value in the nursing profession. Healthcare workers have both a moral and professional duty to ensure that they do not discriminate. AIM This study aimed to explore how patients perceive equitable nursing care. RESEARCH DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND RESEARCH CONTEXT This descriptive phenomenological qualitative research study used purposeful sampling to select 17 patients from various departments of a general hospital in southern Iran. The participants were then interviewed using a semi-structured in-depth interview format, which aimed to delve into their experiences with equitable nursing care. The collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method and MAXQDA20 software. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS Oral and written information about the study was provided before the participants gave their written consent. The transcribed interviews were de-identified. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences. FINDINGS The data analysis of the study identified three main themes and six subthemes that were related to the experiences of patients with equitable nursing care. The first theme, equitable care, encompassed subthemes such as nurses' dedicated efforts to facilitate patient recovery and adherence to ethical behavior. The second theme, unconscious causes of inequitable nursing care, included subthemes such as unintentional discrimination stemming from organizational constraints and unconscious biases resulting from a lack of knowledge and skills. The third theme, discriminatory care, comprised subthemes such as deliberate discrimination based on personal traits and selective discrimination. CONCLUSION The study findings indicate that achieving equitable nursing care requires a multifaceted approach. This includes effective hospital management, organizational reforms, and regulatory enhancements. Additionally, it is crucial to pay close attention to the needs of patients, enhance nurses' theoretical and practical skills in providing equitable care, fostering a culture of equality within healthcare settings, and consider the personality dimensions and moral characteristics of nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Sadat Bahador
- Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Neda Dastyar
- Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Sudabeh Ahmadidarrehsima
- Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Shideh Rafati
- Social Factors in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Research Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Foozieh Rafati
- Nursing and Midwifery School, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
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Fu JX, Huang LL, Li XH, Zhao H, Li R. Association between ageing knowledge and willingness to care for older adults among nursing students in China: the mediating role of attitude towards older adults. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2024; 45:444-457. [PMID: 37356028 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2023.2227874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the mediating effect of attitude toward older adults on the relationship between aging knowledge and willingness to care for older adults. We applied the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB) model as theoretical frameworks to examine the mediation effect of attitude toward older adults. Data from 388 Chinese nursing students were analyzed. The Willingness to Care for Older People (WCOP) scale, Kogan's Attitude toward Older People scale (KAOP) and Facts on Aging Quiz (FAQ) were utilized to assess willingness, attitude and aging knowledge, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22. 0 with the PROCESS macro. Bootstrap methods were used to obtain the significance of mediating effects. The study showed that aging knowledge was significantly associated with willingness to care for older adults and that attitude toward older adults mediated the association. Bootstrapping method confirmed the significance of the indirect effect of aging knowledge through attitude, accounting for 18.9% of the total willingness variance. Overall, based on the TPB and the KAB theoretical framework, our data support the notion that improving aging knowledge and attitude may contribute to improve the willingness to aged care among nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xia Fu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Ling Huang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan-Hua Li
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhao
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
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Abera W, Daba AK, Gebre BB, Ashagere M, Yeheyis T, Addisu D, Amlaku T, Tadesse F, Samuel T. Knowledge and attitude toward geriatric nursing care and associated factors among nurses working at hospitals in Hawassa City, Ethiopia, 2022. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1284845. [PMID: 38912339 PMCID: PMC11190072 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1284845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, the fastest growth in the number of older people combined with chronic and age-related medical conditions experienced by the older adult placed great demand on geriatric care. Thus, nurses are required to be knowledgeable and have a desirable attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge and attitude toward geriatric nursing care and associated factors among nurses working at hospitals in Hawassa City, Ethiopia. Methods Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 30 to July 30, 2022, among 365 nurses. The hospitals and study participants were selected by using purposive and simple random sampling methods, respectively. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were computed to generate descriptive results. Binary and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify predictors at p-value <0.05. Results About 39.2% of nurses had good knowledge and 49.3% of the nurses showed a positive attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Nurses with BSc degree or above [AOR 2.5, 95% CI, (1.2-5.6)], having lived with older people [AOR 2.2, 95% CI, (1.4-3.6)], nurses with 6-10 years [AOR, 2.8, 95% CI, (1.4-5.57)] and >10 years of work experience [AOR 4.2, 95% CI, (1.6-10.8)] were more likely to have knowledge about geriatric nursing care. Having BSc degree or above [AOR 2.7, 95% C.I, (1.2-6)], 6-10 years [AOR 3, 95% CI, (1.48-6.3)], and >10 years [AOR 3.9, 95% CI, (1.4-10.99)] of work experience, living experience with older people [AOR 1.7, 95% C.I:1.05-2.7], knowledge about geriatric care [AOR 3, 95% CI,(1.85-4.92)], and having worked at adequate space [AOR 1.7, 95% CI: 1.009-2.8] increased odds of good attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Conclusion Less than half of nurses demonstrated good knowledge and positive attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Higher level of education, higher work experience, living with older people were significantly associated with knowledge and attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Additionally, working in an adequate space and having knowledge about geriatric care positively influenced attitude toward geriatric nursing care. Therefore, nursing schools and hospitals should conduct training and consider incorporating more content about geriatric care into nursing education to enhance nurses' knowledge and attitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Workineh Abera
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wachemo University, Durame, Ethiopia
| | - Alemneh Kabeta Daba
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Bereket Beyene Gebre
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Mathewos Ashagere
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wachemo University, Durame, Ethiopia
| | - Tomas Yeheyis
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Dereje Addisu
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Tsegahun Amlaku
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wachemo University, Durame, Ethiopia
| | - Fikru Tadesse
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Tinbete Samuel
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
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Garcia D, Kazemitabar M, Björk E, Daniele TMDC, Mihailovic M, Cloninger KM, Frota MA, Cloninger C. Nursing students' personality (Temperament and Character), burnout symptoms, and health and well-being. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES ADVANCES 2024; 6:100206. [PMID: 38803822 PMCID: PMC11129095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background About 9 million nurses will be needed by 2030. To face these unprecedented times, governments/institutions focus on educating as many nursing students as possible. This strategy is clouded by burnout and lack of both health and well-being among students and by the fact that personality is one of the major determinants of these health outcomes. Nevertheless, recent findings show that personality is a complex adaptive system (i,e., nonlinear) and that combinations of people's temperament and character traits (i.e., joint personality networks) might provide further information to understand its development, academic burnout, and lack of health and well-being. Aims Our aims were to investigate the linear relationship between nursing students' personality, burnout, health, and well-being; investigate the linear mediational effects of personality and burnout on health and well-being; and investigate differences in these health outcomes between/within students with distinct joint personality networks (i.e., nonlinear relationships). Method Swedish nursing students (189 women, 29 men) responded to the Temperament and Character Inventory, The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey for Students, and the Public Health Surveillance Well-Being Scale. We conducted correlation analyses and Structural Equation Modeling and, for the nonlinear relationships, Latent Profile Analysis and Latent Class Analysis for clustering and then Analyses of Variance for differences in health outcomes between/within students with distinct personality networks. This study was not pre-registered. Results High levels of health and well-being and low burnout symptoms (low Emotional Exhaustion, low Cynicism, and high Academic Efficacy) were associated with low Harm Avoidance and high Self-Directedness. Some personality traits were associated with specific health outcomes (e.g., high Self-Transcendence-high Emotional Exhaustion and high Persistence-high Academic Efficacy) and their effects on health and well-being were mediated by specific burnout symptoms. Cynicism and Emotional Exhaustion predicted low levels of health and well-being, Academic Efficacy predicted high levels, and Cynicism lead both directly and indirectly to low levels of health and well-being through Emotional Exhaustion. We found two joint personality networks: students with an Organized/Reliable combination who reported being less emotionally exhausted by their studies, less cynical towards education, higher self-efficacy regarding their academic work/skills, and better health and well-being compared to nursing students with an Emotional/Unreliable combination. Conclusions The coherence of temperament-character, rather than single traits, seems to determine students' health outcomes. Thus, nursing education might need to focus on helping students to develop professional skills and health-related abilities (e.g., self-acceptance and spiritual-acceptance), by supporting self-awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Garcia
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Lab for Biopsychosocial Personality Research (BPS-PR), International Network for Well-Being
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, International Network for Well-Being
- Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health (CELAM), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Elina Björk
- Lab for Biopsychosocial Personality Research (BPS-PR), International Network for Well-Being
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, International Network for Well-Being
| | - Thiago Medeiros da Costa Daniele
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, International Network for Well-Being
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marko Mihailovic
- Lab for Biopsychosocial Personality Research (BPS-PR), International Network for Well-Being
- Promotion of Health and Innovation (PHI) Lab, International Network for Well-Being
| | - Kevin M. Cloninger
- Lab for Biopsychosocial Personality Research (BPS-PR), International Network for Well-Being
- Anthropedia Foundation, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mirna Albuquerque Frota
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Ceará, Brazil
| | - C.Robert Cloninger
- Lab for Biopsychosocial Personality Research (BPS-PR), International Network for Well-Being
- Anthropedia Foundation, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Tate K, Guney S, Lai C, Van Son C, Kennedy M, Dahlke S. Gerontological nursing competencies: A scoping review. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2024; 133:106034. [PMID: 37988828 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.106034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite decades of advocates striving to enhance gerontological content in baccalaureate nursing programs, nurses are still graduating with inadequate knowledge and skills to work with older adults. Scholars suggest that incorporating entry-to-practice gerontological competencies could be one way to improve graduating nurses' knowledge about older adults. AIM To examine the state of gerontological entry to practice competencies and standards for baccalaureate-prepared nurses around the world. DESIGN We conducted a scoping review of the literature using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework and followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines to report findings. METHODS We performed searches from inception to June 20th 2022 in Medline and EMBASE via OVID, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Cochrane Library via Wiley. We conducted a search on GOOGLE for grey literature. We included literature that examined 1) baccalaureate nursing programs, 2) gerontological competencies/standards, and 3) older people/adults. RESULTS We found 8 literature sources, 4 of which were academic papers and 4 documents describing gerontological entry-to-practice standards and competencies from national nursing associations. Gerontological competencies highlight providing person-centered care to older people and their families across many care contexts. This care includes relational and cultural competence, exhibiting professional values and screening for potential elder abuse. Scholars in two papers relayed their experiences incorporating gerontological competencies into their curricula and two studied student nurses' gerontological competency. CONCLUSIONS There is interest and some progress in developing and incorporating gerontological competencies in various countries but not enough. A coordinated approach to sharing information and expertise among nations is needed to develop international gerontological competencies to facilitate improved nursing care with older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Tate
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy 11405-87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada.
| | - Seda Guney
- Faculty of Nursing, Koç University, Health Sciences Campus, Davutpaşa Caddesi, No: 4 34010 Topkapı, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Claudia Lai
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
| | | | - Megan Kennedy
- John W Scott Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta 2K.28 Walter C Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada.
| | - Sherry Dahlke
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy 11405-87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada.
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Pérez-Rugosa V, de Lorena-Quintal P, Domínguez-Valdés E, Rodríguez-Rodríguez A, Núñez-Castro I, Suárez-Fernández Y, Sarabia-Cobo C. Exploring older people's experiences of the interpersonal care relationship between nurses and patients during hospitalization in the pandemic period: A qualitative study. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38225866 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
AIM This article presents the findings of a qualitative study focusing on the experiences of people aged over 70 years in the interpersonal nurse-patient care relationship in hospital settings during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to analyse different aspects of this relationship, including nurses' behaviour and caring attitudes, the person-centred model of care, patients' involvement in their own care and communication in the hospital context. DESIGN An exploratory qualitative study was conducted on the basis of an interpretative framework. METHODS Six focus groups were conducted. A total of 34 participants were purposively recruited from three nursing homes in Spain, Italy and Portugal. Specific inclusion criteria were used to select participants. RESULTS Five main categories were identified. Analysis revealed the importance of empathy and sensitivity in caring relationships, as well as the need for personalized and patient-centred care. The importance of effective communication and recognition of ageist behaviour by professionals was highlighted. In addition, independent of the pandemic, situational factors in the hospital environment were identified that influence the interpersonal care relationship. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the need to promote a person-centred model of care that takes into account the specific preferences and needs of older people. This is achieved by identifying elements of the interpersonal nurse-patient relationship. In addition to highlighting the disparity of opinion regarding an active or passive role in self-care and decision making, the importance of addressing ageism and improving communication is emphasized. WHAT PROBLEM DID THE STUDY ADDRESS?: The importance of the patient-nurse relationship in hospital care has been highlighted in previous studies. Critical elements of the patient care experience have been identified as empathy and effective communication. Ageism in healthcare has been recognized as a potential barrier to patient-centred care. WHAT WERE THE KEY FINDINGS?: The main findings highlight the importance of empathy and personalized care, emphasize the importance of effective communication and address ageist behaviours in the nurse-patient relationship. WHERE AND WHO WILL THE RESEARCH IMPACT?: By highlighting the need for person-centred care and improved communication strategies, particularly in the context of caring for older patients during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, this research will have an impact on healthcare professionals, policy makers and carers. REPORTING METHOD The COREQ guideline was used. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study adopted a collaborative approach to ensure that patient perspectives were integrated into the research process. We organized regular focus groups. Patients were actively involved in shaping the research questions, refining the study design and interpreting the emerging findings. Their valuable input helped us to understand the nuances of their experience and to prioritize the aspects that were critical to their well-being. In addition, their insights guided the development of practical recommendations aimed at improving the interpersonal care relationship between nurses and patients in hospital settings, ensuring that their voices were heard and reflected in the proposed interventions. This patient-centred approach fostered a sense of empowerment among the participants. It reinforced the notion that their experiences and opinions are integral to shaping healthcare practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carmen Sarabia-Cobo
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Nursing Research Group, IDIVAL. CIBERFRAIL, Santander, Spain
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Mitike H, Yimam W, Goshiye D, Kumar KP. Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Associated Factors Towards Care of Elderly Patients among Nurses. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231159631. [PMID: 36865754 PMCID: PMC9972063 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231159631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ethiopia's elderly care service is relatively young and little is known about the practices or readiness of nurses to provide care. Nurses need to have good knowledge, a positive attitude, and experience when it comes to caring for the elderly or patients who are chronically providing quality care. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards care for elderly patients and associated factors among nurses working in adult care units of public hospitals in Harar, 2021. Methods An institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from February 12 to July 10, 2021. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 478 study participants. Data were collected by trained data collectors using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. From the pretest, Cronbach's alpha for all items was above 0.7 for all items. Data were entered into Epi Data v.4.6 and exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science Version 26 for binary logistic regression analysis. A P-value of 0.05 was used to declare a significant association between variables. Results The study revealed that 311 (69%) had inadequate knowledge. Having a first degree and an unfavorable attitude towards nurses showed a statistically significant association with nurses' inadequate knowledge. A total of 275 (61.0%) nurses were found to have an unfavorable attitude and were significantly associated with having a diploma and first degree, learning in a private organization, 6 to 10 years of experience, lack of training, and inadequate knowledge of nurses. A total of 297 (65.9%) study units had inadequate practice towards the care of elderly patients. Nurses' practices showed a significant association with the type of hospital, work experience, and adherence to guidelines with a response rate of 94.4%. Conclusion The majority of nurses had inadequate knowledge, an unfavorable attitude, and inadequate practice towards the care of elderly patients. Having a first-degree and an unfavorable attitude with inadequate knowledge, lack of training and inadequate knowledge, unfavorable attitudes and less than 11 years of experience, working in non-academic hospitals, and unavailability of guidelines with inadequate practices were significantly associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailye Mitike
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Gigjiga University, Gigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Wondwossen Yimam
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia,Wondwossen Yimam Hussien, Department of
Comprehensive Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo
University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
| | - Debrnesh Goshiye
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of
Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Kumar Prem Kumar
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Abudu-Birresborn D, Brennenstuhl S, Puts M, McCleary L, Yakong V, Chu CH, Cranley L. Evaluating knowledge and attitudes scales for the care of older adults among nursing students in Ghana. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:47. [PMID: 36805691 PMCID: PMC9942360 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding nursing students' knowledge about and attitudes toward older adults' using context-specific survey instruments can help to identify and design effective learning and teaching materials to improve the care for persons 60 years and above. However, there are no validated instruments to examine nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward the care for older adults in the African context. The study aimed to evaluate the items on the Knowledge about Older Patients Quiz and Kogan's Attitudes towards Old People Scale suitable for the African context. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using second-and third-year nursing students from two public Nursing Training Institutions in Ghana. Using Sahin's rule of sample size estimate of at least 150 participants for unidimensional dichotomous scales, 170 nursing students were recruited to participate after an information session in their classrooms. Data were collected from December 2019-March 2020 using the Knowledge about Older Patients Quiz and Kogan's Attitudes Towards Old People Scale. Item response theory was employed to evaluate the Knowledge about Older Patients Quiz difficulty level and discrimination indices. Corrected item-to-total correlation analysis was conducted for Kogan's Attitudes towards Old People Scale. The internal consistency for both scales was examined. RESULTS Of the 170 participants, 169 returned completed surveys. The mean age of participants was 21 years (SD = 3.7), and (54%) were female. Of the 30-items of the Knowledge about Older Patients Quiz, seven items were very difficult for most students to choose the correct response, and one was easy, as most of the students chose the correct response. Although 22 items demonstrated appropriate difficulty level, discrimination indices were used to select the final 15- items that discriminated moderately between upper and lower 25% performing students. The Kuder-Richardson-20 reliability was. 0.30, which was low. Considering Kogan's Attitudes towards Old People scale, 10-items were removed following negative and low corrected item-to-total correlation and a high Alpha coefficient if items were deleted. The final 22-items had a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.65, which was moderately satisfactory. CONCLUSION Evaluation of the scales demonstrated essential content validity and moderate internal consistency for the context of our study. Further research should focus on ongoing context-specific refinement of the survey instruments to measure nursing students' knowledge about and attitudes toward caring for older adults in the African context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Abudu-Birresborn
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Suite 130, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P8, Canada.
| | - Sarah Brennenstuhl
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Suite 130, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8 Canada
| | - Martine Puts
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Suite 130, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8 Canada
| | - Lynn McCleary
- grid.411793.90000 0004 1936 9318Department of Nursing, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharine’s, ON L2S 3A1 Canada
| | - Vida Yakong
- grid.442305.40000 0004 0441 5393School of Nursing and Midwifery, University for Development Studies, Box 1350, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Charlene H. Chu
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Suite 130, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8 Canada
| | - Lisa Cranley
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Suite 130, Toronto, ON M5T 1P8 Canada
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11
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Venables H, Wells Y, Fetherstonhaugh D, Wallace H. Factors associated with nursing students' attitudes toward older people: A scoping review. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2023; 44:131-150. [PMID: 34927567 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2021.2012466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nursing students rate geriatric nursing poorly in career preferences, but aging populations mean more older people require access to health care. Negative attitudes held by nursing students can lead to ageism affecting the quality of care provided. The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize research findings in the published literature relating to factors associated with nursing students' attitudes toward older people, and the tools used to measure these attitudes. The Joanna Briggs Institute guide for conducting a scoping review was used. Eleven databases and search engines were searched for international peer reviewed research articles published in English between January 2000 and February 2021. Sixteen articles were included in the review. This review highlights areas for affirmative action to improve undergraduate nursing students' attitudes toward older people to prepare them to work effectively in future health care systems. Positive attitudes were associated with: senior years of study; professional values (caring, professionalism, trust); education regarding care of older adults; knowledge about aging; contact with older family members; comfort communicating with older people; and willingness to work with older people following graduation. It also identified the need for a current, nursing-specific measure of attitudes toward older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Venables
- College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Yvonne Wells
- Lincoln Centre for Research on Ageing, La Trobe University Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Deirdre Fetherstonhaugh
- Australian Centre for Evidence Based Aged Care, La Trobe University Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Heather Wallace
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Australia
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12
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Devkota R, Dahlke S, Fox MT, Davidson S, Hunter KF, Butler JI, Shrestha S, Chasteen AL, Moody E, Martin LS, Pietrosanu M. E-learning modules to enhance student nurses' perceptions of older people: a single group pre-post quasi-experimental study. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh 2023; 20:ijnes-2023-0059. [PMID: 38029314 DOI: 10.1515/ijnes-2023-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether e-learning activities on cognitive impairment (CI), continence and mobility (CM) and understanding and communication (UC) improve student nurses' knowledge and attitudes in the care of older adults. METHODS A quasi-experimental single group pre-post-test design was used. We included 299 undergraduate nursing students for the CI module, 304 for the CM module, and 313 for the UC module. We administered knowledge quizzes, Likert scales, and a feedback survey to measure student nurses' knowledge, ageist beliefs, and feedback on the modules respectively. RESULTS Participants demonstrated significantly more knowledge and reduced ageist attitudes following the e-learning activities. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that e-learning activities on cognitive impairment, continence and mobility, and understanding and communication improve knowledge and reduce ageist attitudes among nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Devkota
- Faculty of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sherry Dahlke
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mary T Fox
- School of Nursing, York University Centre for Aging Research & Education, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra Davidson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Jeffrey I Butler
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shovana Shrestha
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Alison L Chasteen
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elaine Moody
- School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Lori Schindel Martin
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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13
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Validação psicométrica da versão brasileira do Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ao02597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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14
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Zisberg A, Lickiewicz J, Rogozinski A, Hahn S, Mabire C, Gentizon J, Malinowska-Lipień I, Bilgin H, Tulek Z, Pedersen MM, Andersen O, Mayer H, Schönfelder B, Gillis K, Gilmartin MJ, Squires A. Adapting the Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile for different countries and languages: A multi-language translation and content validation study. Int J Nurs Stud 2022; 134:104283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Sedri N, Zakeri MA, Zare Zardiny M, Tavan A. Evaluation of Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitudes towards Older Adults and Associated Factors. Open Nurs J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18744346-v16-e2206200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Due to the increased risk of developing chronic diseases among older adults, their demand for health care has increased. Preparing nurses to care for the older adults is one of the most difficult challenges in nursing education.
Objective:
This study investigated nurses’ knowledge and attitudes towards older adults and demographic and occupational features that affect them.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 412 participants from July to October 2020. Patients were selected using a random sampling method. Three questionnaires were used: a socio-demographic form, an Older Patient in Acute Care Survey, and a Knowledge about Older Patients-Quiz.
Results:
According to the Pearson correlation test, there is a statistically significant and positive correlation between knowledge and general opinion (P = 0.000), (r = 0.271) as well as between practice experiences and general opinion (P = 0.000), (r = 0.205) of nurses about older adult’s care. There was no statistically significant relationship between knowledge and practice experiences (P = 0.857), (r = -. 009).
Conclusion:
Having a better understanding of the needs of the older adults would improve the quality of care that nurses provide to them.
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Nawagi F, Mukisa J, Najjuma JN, Nabirye RC. "We are never taught anything about the elderly." Establishing the gap in elderly health care competencies in nursing education in Uganda. BMC Nurs 2022; 21:160. [PMID: 35729575 PMCID: PMC9210050 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-00936-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses contribute the largest portion of Uganda's health workforce providing care to individuals of all ages and communities. However, despite the growing number of the elderly population in Uganda with improved life expectancy, there is hardly any study that has looked at the elderly health care competencies in the nursing training programs at various levels. This paper provides an overview of the gaps in elderly health care competencies in nursing education in Uganda. METHODS We conducted a descriptive qualitative cross-sectional study that involved document review, Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) with nursing leaders, and Focus Group Discussions ( FGDs) with faculty at all levels of nursing training and nurses in practice. Data was analyzed using latent and manifest content analysis with Open Code software 4.03. Common categories were identified and incorporated into a matrix to create themes. RESULTS Almost all the curricula and minimum standards for training nurses at certificate, diploma, and degree levels lack a module and nursing competencies on elderly nursing care. This is aggravated by a lack of faculty trained in elderly health care skills, and a lack of specialized wards for nursing elderly care clinical training among others. CONCLUSIONS There is hardly any elderly health care training module and elderly nursing competencies at all levels of nursing training in Uganda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith Nawagi
- Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MaKCHS), School of Medicine, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - John Mukisa
- Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MaKCHS), School of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Rose C Nabirye
- Busitema University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
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17
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Tabootwong W, Jullamate P. Experiences of nursing students in caring for older adults with mechanical ventilation: A descriptive phenomenological study. TEACHING AND LEARNING IN NURSING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.teln.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Tan MP. Healthcare for older people in lower and middle income countries. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6563041. [PMID: 35373815 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-thirds of the world's population aged 60 years and over will reside in lower and middle income countries (LMIC) by 2050. Many LMICs are experiencing rapid population ageing at a faster rate than in Western Europe and North America, but may not have the resources to respond to the World Health Organization's call to action. As population ageing is a global issue, effective and sustainable global solutions are much needed. Proposed strategies include stemming the outflow of trained healthcare workers to high-income nations where migrants from LMICs often contribute to the work force caring for older people. Public education, preventive measures and innovative approaches to training are additional proposed solutions. Higher income countries have a responsibility to contribute towards the development of healthcare services for older people in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maw Pin Tan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Ageing and Age-Associated Disorders Research Group, Health and Wellbeing Research Cluster, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Department of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Cheng HL, Lam SC, Cruz JP, Almazan JU, Machuca-Contreras FA, Cecily HSJ, Rady HEAEA, Papathanasiou IV, Ghrayeb F, Qtait M, Liu XL, Balay-Odao EM. Willingness to care for older people and associated factors in pre-registered student nurses: A multi-country survey study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 110:105279. [PMID: 35121237 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addressing nursing students' lack of interest in providing care for the aged population is a global challenge for nursing educators. Despite global interest in student nurses' readiness for older people care, almost all the literature has been identified from single countries, predominantly with high income per capita. At present, no study has been conducted to provide evidence-based data related to this topic from a multi-country perspective. OBJECTIVE The study's purpose was to examine the willingness to work with older persons and associated factors among student nurses from nine countries (or regions). DESIGN This study utilized a correlational and cross-sectional design. SETTINGS This was a multi-country survey study conducted in China, Chile, Egypt, Hong Kong, India, Greece, the State of Palestine (henceforth Palestine), the Philippines, and Saudi Arabia. PARTICIPANTS 2250 baccalaureate nursing students were recruited from 10 universities in this study. METHODS The survey that was used to collect data comprised four parts: socio-demographic data, attitude toward aging, older person care perception, and willingness to work with such group. RESULTS Respondents in five regions (including Mainland China, Greece, Hong Kong, Palestine, and Saudi Arabia) stated that older persons were the least favored group for future career choices. In comparison with mainland China, respondents in Chile, India, and the Philippines were significantly more likely to be willing to care for older patients, but those in Egypt and Greece indicated a lower tendency to choose this option. Favorable attitudes toward aging and older person care perception were significantly associated with having the willingness to provide care to gerontologic patients in the future. CONCLUSIONS Although attitudes toward aging and older person care perception have long been confirmed as important factors that are linked with willingness in caring for older people, this study adds that location is a more influential factor. Additional research in other countries is needed to advance the knowledge in this important area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Cheng
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR; College of Nursing and Midwifery, Charles Darwin University, 410 Ann Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Simon Ching Lam
- School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR. https://twitter.com/SimonCLAM1
| | - Jonas Preposi Cruz
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kerey and Zhanibek Khans St 5/1, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Joseph U Almazan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kerey and Zhanibek Khans St 5/1, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Helen Shaji John Cecily
- Shri Sathya Sai College of Nursing, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College & Research Institute Campus, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | | | - Farid Ghrayeb
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Professions, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Mohammed Qtait
- College of Applied Professions, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Xian-Liang Liu
- College of Nursing and Midwifery, Charles Darwin University, 410 Ann Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Ejercito Mangawa Balay-Odao
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia; School of Advanced Studies, Saint Louis University, Baguio, Philippines
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20
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Yan Z, Chang HCR, Montayre J, Ho MH. How does geriatric nursing education program change the knowledge, attitude and working intention among undergraduate nursing students? A systematic literature review. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 108:105161. [PMID: 34649069 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to examine the changes of knowledge, attitude and working intention in nursing students after an undergraduate geriatric nursing education. DESIGN A systematic review of the literature. DATA SOURCES Five databases which included CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for this literature review from January 2010 to October 2020. REVIEW METHODS The review was registered in PROSPERO registry with registration number CRD42020215703. The review examined undergraduate nursing education programs in terms of knowledge, attitude and working intention towards geriatric care among undergraduate nursing students as outcomes. We used JBI critical appraisal tools and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool to evaluate and assess the quality of the retrieved research papers. RESULTS The search yielded 19 studies included in the final review, 14 of which were quantitative studies and five were qualitative studies. Four types of education programs were identified. These were type 1, a four-year undergraduate gerontology program consisting of geriatric theory and geriatric care clinical placement; type 2, stand-alone geriatric subject and geriatric clinical placement program; type 3, integrated geriatric subject and geriatric clinical placement program; type 4, solely geriatric clinical placement program. The review found that the type 2 program demonstrated the best educational outcomes in undergraduate students. CONCLUSIONS This review provided the most recent literature evidence pertaining to undergraduate geriatric education program and its educational outcomes. Future research should focus on the evaluating the content of each type of geriatric education program to inform the development of undergraduate geriatric nursing education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoumei Yan
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Hui-Chen Rita Chang
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Jed Montayre
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Mu-Hsing Ho
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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21
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Study of the attitudes and future intentions of nursing students towards working with older people: an observational study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:3117-3122. [PMID: 33786801 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older people are increasing in the world leading to the fact that many nursing students will work in geriatric care setting. It was also reported the lack of knowledge and interest in working with older people by many nursing students. Therefore, the aim of the study is to explore the attitudes, wills, and intentions for the care of older people from nursing students. METHODS A sample of 383 students (mean age between 17 and 24; females: 76.2%) was divided according to the year. A questionnaire and three scales investigating the attitude for working with older persons (Kogan, Aday-Campbell, Nolan scales) were administered. Simple correlations across the three scales and the comparisons in means by year of graduation were reported. RESULTS Of the 383 students, 69.7% would take care of an older person, with the previous experience with older patients being the most important determinant in positive attitude of students in working with older people. The Kogan scale revealed a relatively positive attitude towards older people of the students involved; the Aday's scale a reasonable willingness to take care of the older people; the Nolan scale a fair intention. Aday's scale significantly correlated with Nolan's scale and with Kogan's scale as well as the Nolan scale correlated with the Kogan scale. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the quality of care provided to older people is related to the attitudes of health professionals indicating that nursing educators should adopt effective strategies to increase and promote students' positive attitudes to older people.
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Yao GY, Luo YY, Zhao ZM, Zhu B, Gao M. The Moderating Role of Empathy Profiles in the Relationship Between Knowledge About Aging and Attitudes Toward Older Adults Among Nursing Students. Front Psychol 2021; 12:713271. [PMID: 34733203 PMCID: PMC8558622 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.713271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about aging (KA) and empathy affect nursing students' attitudes toward older adults. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon from an integrated, person-centered perspective. The purposes of the present study were (1) to identify empathy profiles based on the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) among Chinese nursing students and (2) to explore whether these latent empathy profiles moderate the association between KA and attitudes toward older people. A cross-sectional survey design was used, and a battery of questionnaires - including those on demographic information, the Chinese version of Palmore's Facts on Aging Quiz (C-FAQ), the Chinese version of Kogan's Attitude Toward Older People Scale (C-KAOP), and the IRI - was filled in by 622 Chinese nursing students (M age 21.76; SD = 1.33). The mean total scores on KAOP and C-FAQ were 164.96 ± 18.32 and 10.436 ± 3.015, respectively, indicating relatively positive attitudes toward older people but low KA among Chinese nursing students. Latent profile analysis was used to identify a three-profile solution characterized by distinct levels of four dimensions of empathy, namely average empathy (AE, n = 399), high empathy (HE, n = 42), and low empathy (LE, n = 181). Subsequent linear regression analysis revealed that the LE rather than the HE profile predicted positive attitudes toward older adults. It is worth noting that the LE profile played a remarkable moderating role in associations between KA and negative attitudes toward older adults after controlling for covariant variables. Both the identification of distinct empathy profiles and the interplay between the LE profile and KA are of significance in reducing negative attitudes toward older adults among Chinese nursing students. Nursing educators should combine improving nursing students' levels of KA and fostering greater empathy to reduce negative attitudes toward older adults. Such training should give priority to nursing students with LE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Ying Yao
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan-Yan Luo
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhao
- School of Nursing, Henan University Minsheng College, Kaifeng, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Gao
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Effects of a Web-Based Educational Program Regarding Physical Restraint Reduction in Long-Term Care Settings on Nursing Students: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136698. [PMID: 34206292 PMCID: PMC8297122 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Physical restraint is still frequently used in many countries. However, a lack of education hinders physical restraint reduction in long-term care facilities. No study has yet to examine the effects of physical restraint reduction education on nursing students. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a web-based educational program of physical restraint reduction on nursing students’ knowledge and perceptions. A cluster randomized controlled and single-blind design was used. This study was conducted at four nursing schools in South Korea. A total of 169 undergraduate nursing students completed this study. Using random allocation, two nursing schools (85 students) were allocated as the experimental group and the other two schools (84 students) as the control group. The experimental group received the web-based educational program, and the control group did not receive the educational program. Data were collected immediately before and after the web-based educational program. The experimental group’s knowledge and perceptions significantly improved between pre-test and post-test. The analysis of covariance showed statistically significant differences between groups in knowledge (p < 0.001) and perceptions (p < 0.001) over time, revealing positive effects of the web-based educational program. The web-based educational program regarding physical restraint reduction positively affected nursing students’ knowledge and perceptions. Future studies are required to examine the educational program’s longitudinal effects with more rigorous measurements and research methods.
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Quality of Gerontological Nursing and Ageism: What Factors Influence on Nurses' Ageism in South Korea? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084091. [PMID: 33924476 PMCID: PMC8069577 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With the aging of the population, age-related problems are emerging, which has caused age discrimination. Particularly, most nurses care for a large number of old patients in the clinical setting. Nurses' attitude toward the clients has a significant effect on the quality of nursing, so it is time to identify their perspective to the aged. The quality of nursing could greatly depend on who provides and how to provide care. If older patients meet nursing staff with an ageist perspective, whether intentionally or unintentionally, they experience negative attitudes toward them during served health care, and trust cannot be formed, resulting in a deterioration in the quality of medical services. This study aimed to identify factors influencing nurses' ageism attitudes. A total of 162 general hospital nurses completed a questionnaire consisting of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), the Contact with Elderly People (CEP), the Anxiety about Aging Scale (AAS), and the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé post hoc, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. The average score of FSA was 2.63 ± 0.36 (range 1-4); FSA showed a statistical difference according to cohabitation with an old adult in the past (t = 2.42, p = 0.017). Factors influencing FSA were the fear of old people (β = 0.34, p < 0.001) and fear of loss (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) of the AAS; and these variables explained 21.1% of FSA (F = 22.56, p < 0.001). Based on these results, the development and application of nursing education focused on intergenerational contact is needed in order to reduce the anxiety about aging and to acquire a high quality of gerontological nursing with a reduction of ageism.
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Zisberg A, Shulyaev K, Van Son C. Assessing attitudes and intention to work with older adults by American and Israeli nursing students: Adapting and testing a measure. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2021; 98:104735. [PMID: 33453557 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finding workers to care for older adults in healthcare settings has become a priority, and research identifying factors influencing a nursing student's intention to make geriatrics a career choice is needed. This calls for the development of a reliable measure of students' perceptions and attitudes. OBJECTIVES To determine the adaptability of Carolina Opinions on Care of Older Adults (COCOA) to assess nursing students' attitudes to older adults and their intentions to work with them in two countries. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTINGS Nursing students enrolled in an introduction to gerontological nursing course in the United States and Israel. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 231 undergraduates pursuing a Bachelor of Science in nursing in the United States (N=122) and Israel (N=109). METHODS Students completed the COCOA instrument and basic demographics using an electronic platform. RESULTS Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) produced five factors explaining 59% of the variation, with the majority of the items (17, 71%) loading above 0.40 on subscales from the instrument's original structure. EFA led to the elimination of one subscale (Value of Older Adults) and the creation of a new subscale (Older versus Younger Adults) with three items. The reliability scores were good to acceptable for all subscales in both Israeli and American samples (α-Cronbach 0.80 to 0.60). Confirmatory FA supported the data's fit to the 21 items of the modified COCOA instrument (CMIN/DF=1.55, CFI=0.93, IFI=0.93, RMSEA=0.05). The analysis of model equivalence for American and Israeli samples revealed significant differences only on the Experience in Caring for Older Adults subscale. CONCLUSIONS The modified COCOA demonstrated good construct validity and reliability and can serve as estimation of nursing students' attitudes to older adults and their intention to make geriatrics a career choice. Future studies should further evaluate its predictive validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zisberg
- The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Science, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel 31905, Israel.
| | - Ksenya Shulyaev
- The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Science, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel 31905, Israel.
| | - Catherine Van Son
- Washington State University College of Nursing - Vancouver, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Avenue, Vancouver, WA 98686-9600, United States of America.
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A cross sectional study on the relationship between nursing students' perception of clinical learning environment and the willingness to care for older adult patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2021.100369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Dai F, Liu Y, Ju M, Yang Y. Nursing students' willingness to work in geriatric care: An integrative review. Nurs Open 2020; 8:2061-2077. [PMID: 34388864 PMCID: PMC8363346 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This integrative review aims to explore the willingness of nursing students to work in geriatric care over the past 10 years and to explore the factors influencing nursing students to work in geriatric care. Design An integrative review. Methods Studies investigating nursing students’ willingness in gerontological nursing work and related influencing factors published in English in Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL between 2010–2020 were included. Data collected in April 2020. Results Twenty‐four studies were analysed. Most studies presented a contradictory or negative attitude about the willingness of nursing students to engage in gerontological nursing work. In most studies that rank the intention to work in nursing fields, gerontological care received the lowest or a relatively low ranking. The main factors affecting work related to gerontological nursing include prior experience caring for older adults, attitudes towards geriatrics, anxiety about ageing, clinical practice environment and living experience with older family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Dai
- Faculty of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mei Ju
- Faculty of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Muhsin AA, Munyogwa MJ, Kibusi SM, Seif SA. Poor level of knowledge on elderly care despite positive attitude among nursing students in Zanzibar Island: findings from a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2020; 19:96. [PMID: 33061842 PMCID: PMC7547516 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-020-00488-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is estimated by the year 2050, 80% of the global elderly population will be from the low-and middle income countries. Elderly care requires health workers with skills associated with an understanding of the biological, psychological, social and cultural theories related to aging. Nurses with better knowledge, skills and positive attitudes towards elderly care are highly needed and critically important for better healthcare and wellbeing of the elderly population. Therefore the objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of nursing students towards elderly care in Zanzibar Island. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zanzibar involving three out of five nursing training institutions. Participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Facts on Aging Quiz 2 and Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People scale were used to assess the level of knowledge and attitude towards elderly care among the students respectively. Simple and multivariable logistic regressions were applied to determine the predictors of knowledge and attitude among the participants. Results A total of 393 students participated in this study. Only 17% (69) of the participants had good level of knowledge and about 67.9% (267) had positive attitude towards elderly care. Living in an extended family and with an elderly person at home were both associated with good level of knowledge and positive attitude towards elderly care. Furthermore, living in a rural area (adjusted odds ratio = 2.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.22, 4.10) and studying at public institution (adjusted odds ratio = 2.59; 95% confidence interval: 1.41, 4.63) were associated with positive attitude towards elderly care. Conclusion This study has shown that the majority of nursing students in Zanzibar have positive attitude but poor level of knowledge towards elderly care. The current findings have demonstrated that past experience with an elderly person can help in influencing good knowledge and shaping positive attitudes towards elderly care. Low level of knowledge shown in the study suggests for further research on adequacy of nursing curriculum and/or its implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafa A Muhsin
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania.,Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanzibar University, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | | | - Stephen M Kibusi
- Department of Public Health, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Saada A Seif
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
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Cheng H, Liu X, Bi R, Liu L, Lam SC. Two versions of perspectives on caring for older patients scale: Translation and psychometric testing among Chinese nursing students. Nurs Health Sci 2020; 22:903-912. [DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui‐Lin Cheng
- School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong
| | - Xian‐Liang Liu
- Department of Nursing Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
| | - Rui‐Xue Bi
- School of Nursing Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China
| | - Lan‐Fang Liu
- Department of Nursing Jiangxi Health Vocational College Nanchang Jiangxi China
| | - Simon Ching Lam
- School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong
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Rababa M, Hammouri AM, Hweidi IM, Ellis JL. Association of nurses' level of knowledge and attitudes to ageism toward older adults: Cross‐sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2020; 22:593-601. [DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rababa
- Department of Adult Health Nursing Faculty of Nursing/Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan
| | - Ammar M. Hammouri
- Jordan University of Science and Technology King Abdullah University Hospital Irbid Jordan
| | - Issa M. Hweidi
- Department of Adult Health Nursing Faculty of Nursing/Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan
| | - Julie L. Ellis
- University of Wisconsin‐Milwaukee College of Nursing Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
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Reid-Searl K, Levett-Jones T, Lapkin S, Jakimowicz S, Hunter J, Rawlings-Anderson K. Evaluation of the 'Empathic Care of a Vulnerable Older Person' e-simulation. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2020; 88:104375. [PMID: 32114402 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare reports have identified that the nursing care provided to frail older people is sometimes indifferent, unkind, and lacking in empathy. Compelling research indicates that these types of healthcare interactions can result in both emotional and physiological harm. Thus, there is a need for authentic learning experiences that enhance nursing students' empathy towards older people and that they can reflect upon, learn from and transfer to their real-world practice. e-Simulations provide a pragmatic way of addressing this need. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an 'Empathic Care of a Vulnerable Older Person' e-simulation on nursing students' empathy levels. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of first year nursing students from one university in the United Kingdom and two Australian universities was recruited for the study. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS A three-group pre-post study was conducted using the Comprehensive State Empathy Scale to evaluate the impact of the effectiveness of the e-simulation. Sample characteristics were summarised using descriptive statistics. Dependent t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the changes in empathy scores pre post and differences between groups. RESULTS A total of 684 nursing students participated in the study; their average age was 23 years. Overall, there was a significant increase in empathy scores from pre-test to post-test. Post-hoc comparison of the three groups indicated that the e-simulation had a greater impact on the empathy levels of participants from Universities 2 and 3, compared to those from University 1. CONCLUSION e-Simulations using narrative methodologies that cater for learners' emotional memory appear to be an effective approach for enhancing empathy towards older people. However, further studies are needed to explore how this learning activity might inform and influence learners' future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Reid-Searl
- CQUniversity, Australia, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Sciences, Building 18, Yaamba Road, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Tracy Levett-Jones
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Health, 235 Jones St, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Samuel Lapkin
- Faculty of Science Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, South Western Sydney Campus, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia.
| | - Samantha Jakimowicz
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Health, 235 Jones St, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Janet Hunter
- City, University of London, School of Health Sciences, Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK.
| | - Karen Rawlings-Anderson
- City, University of London, School of Health Sciences, Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK.
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Heydari A, Sharifi M, Moghaddam AB. Challenges and Barriers to Providing Care to Older Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Research. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:3682-3690. [PMID: 32010399 PMCID: PMC6986530 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Enhancing the quality of care for elderly patients needs an understanding of the challenges and obstacles experienced by the intensive care unit (ICU) staff in providing care. AIM: To explore the most challenging issues experienced by ICU staff, in particular, nurses, in the care of elderly patients in the general adult ICU. DESIGN: A qualitative research design was employed. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) were followed. METHODS: Based on theoretical sampling, we carried out 34 in-depth semi-structured interviews from two medical adult ICUs. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative conventional content analysis. RESULTS: Data analysis led to the identification of three interrelated categories and 12 subcategories. Three main categories were factors related to nurses’ attitude in elderly care, factors related to the system of care, and factors related to the models of patient care delivery. These categories came under the main theme of “Inappropriate and unfair system for elderly care”. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study increase scholarly understanding of challenges and barriers to providing care to elderly patients in the general adult ICU. We found that the provision of care to elderly patients is inappropriate and unfair. Various obstacles must be overcome to improve the care of these patients. For example, negative attitudes toward elder care, inappropriate environments, lack of resources, lack of knowledge and skills, a specialized model of care delivery, respect for humanity, care without considering patient age, and separating professional conflicts from patient care. These findings may be used by ICU’s caregivers and managers to improve the quality of care. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Various obstacles were documented that need to be overcome by hospital administrators, nursing managers, clinical nurses, nursing educators, nursing researchers to improve the care of elderly patients admitted to ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Heydari
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadhesam Sharifi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Bagheri Moghaddam
- Department of Anesthesiology, Internal Medicine and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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