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Melamud K, Wahab SA, Smereka PN, Dighe MK, Glanc P, Kamath A, Maheshwari E, Scoutt LM, Hindman NM. Imaging of Antepartum and Postpartum Hemorrhage. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230164. [PMID: 38547034 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Severe obstetric hemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Major hemorrhage in the antepartum period presents potential risks for both the mother and the fetus. Similarly, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) accounts for up to a quarter of maternal deaths worldwide. Potential causes of severe antepartum hemorrhage that radiologists should be familiar with include placental abruption, placenta previa, placenta accreta spectrum disorders, and vasa previa. Common causes of PPH that the authors discuss include uterine atony, puerperal genital hematomas, uterine rupture and dehiscence, retained products of conception, and vascular anomalies. Bleeding complications unique to or most frequently encountered after cesarean delivery are also enumerated, including entities such as bladder flap hematomas, rectus sheath and subfascial hemorrhage, and infectious complications of endometritis and uterine dehiscence. ©RSNA, 2024 Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material. See the invited commentary by Javitt and Madrazo in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Melamud
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (K.M., P.N.S., N.M.H.); Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, Ohio (S.A.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash (M.K.D.); Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (A.K.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.M.); Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (L.M.S.); and Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Ave, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 (N.M.H.)
| | - Shaun A Wahab
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (K.M., P.N.S., N.M.H.); Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, Ohio (S.A.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash (M.K.D.); Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (A.K.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.M.); Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (L.M.S.); and Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Ave, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 (N.M.H.)
| | - Paul N Smereka
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (K.M., P.N.S., N.M.H.); Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, Ohio (S.A.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash (M.K.D.); Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (A.K.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.M.); Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (L.M.S.); and Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Ave, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 (N.M.H.)
| | - Manjiri K Dighe
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (K.M., P.N.S., N.M.H.); Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, Ohio (S.A.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash (M.K.D.); Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (A.K.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.M.); Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (L.M.S.); and Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Ave, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 (N.M.H.)
| | - Phyllis Glanc
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (K.M., P.N.S., N.M.H.); Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, Ohio (S.A.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash (M.K.D.); Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (A.K.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.M.); Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (L.M.S.); and Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Ave, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 (N.M.H.)
| | - Amita Kamath
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (K.M., P.N.S., N.M.H.); Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, Ohio (S.A.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash (M.K.D.); Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (A.K.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.M.); Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (L.M.S.); and Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Ave, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 (N.M.H.)
| | - Ekta Maheshwari
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (K.M., P.N.S., N.M.H.); Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, Ohio (S.A.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash (M.K.D.); Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (A.K.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.M.); Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (L.M.S.); and Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Ave, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 (N.M.H.)
| | - Leslie M Scoutt
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (K.M., P.N.S., N.M.H.); Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, Ohio (S.A.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash (M.K.D.); Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (A.K.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.M.); Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (L.M.S.); and Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Ave, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 (N.M.H.)
| | - Nicole M Hindman
- From the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (K.M., P.N.S., N.M.H.); Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Mason, Ohio (S.A.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash (M.K.D.); Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (A.K.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.M.); Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (L.M.S.); and Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Ave, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 (N.M.H.)
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Blackman A, Ukah UV, Platt RW, Meng X, Shapiro GD, Malhamé I, Ray JG, Lisonkova S, El-Chaâr D, Auger N, Dayan N. Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mental Health Hospitalizations or Emergency Department Visits. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e247983. [PMID: 38652472 PMCID: PMC11040413 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.7983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) can have long-term health consequences for the affected mother. The association between SMM and future maternal mental health conditions has not been well studied. Objective To assess the association between SMM in the first recorded birth and the risk of hospitalization or emergency department (ED) visits for a mental health condition over a 13-year period. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based retrospective cohort study used data from postpartum individuals aged 18 to 55 years with a first hospital delivery between 2008 and 2021 in 11 provinces and territories in Canada, except Québec. Data were analyzed from January to June 2023. Exposure SMM, defined as a composite of conditions, such as septic shock, severe preeclampsia or eclampsia, severe hemorrhage with intervention, or other complications, occurring after 20 weeks' gestation and up to 42 days after a first delivery. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was a hospitalization or ED visit for a mental health condition, including mood and anxiety disorders, substance use, schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorder, or suicidality or self-harm event, arising at least 43 days after the first birth hospitalization. Cox regression models generated hazard ratios with 95% CIs, adjusted for baseline maternal comorbidities, maternal age at delivery, income quintile, type of residence, hospital type, and delivery year. Results Of 2 026 594 individuals with a first hospital delivery, 1 579 392 individuals (mean [SD] age, 30.0 [5.4] years) had complete ED and hospital records and were included in analyses; among these, 35 825 individuals (2.3%) had SMM. Compared with individuals without SMM, those with SMM were older (mean [SD] age, 29.9 [5.4] years vs 30.7 [6.0] years), were more likely to deliver in a teaching tertiary care hospital (40.8% vs 51.1%), and to have preexisting conditions (eg, ≥2 conditions: 1.2% vs 5.3%), gestational diabetes (8.2% vs 11.7%), stillbirth (0.5% vs 1.6%), preterm birth (7.7% vs 25.0%), or cesarean delivery (31.0% vs 54.3%). After a median (IQR) duration of 2.6 (1.3-6.4) years, 1287 (96.1 per 10 000) individuals with SMM had a mental health hospitalization or ED visit, compared with 41 779 (73.2 per 10 000) individuals without SMM (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.19-1.34]). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of postpartum individuals with and without SMM in pregnancy and delivery, there was an increased risk of mental health hospitalizations or ED visits up to 13 years after a delivery complicated by SMM. Enhanced surveillance and provision of postpartum mental health resources may be especially important after SMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Blackman
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ugochinyere V. Ukah
- Pregnancy and Child Research Center, HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert W. Platt
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriel D. Shapiro
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Malhamé
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Joel G. Ray
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarka Lisonkova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Darine El-Chaâr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathalie Auger
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Natalie Dayan
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Rojas-Suarez J, Paruk F. Maternal high-care and intensive care units in low- and middle-income countries. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2024; 93:102474. [PMID: 38395025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite notable advancements in minimizing maternal mortality during recent decades, a pronounced disparity persists between high-income nations and low-to middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly in intensive and high-care for pregnant and postpartum individuals. This divergence is multifactorial and influenced by factors such as the availability and accessibility of community-based maternity healthcare services, the quality of preventive care, timeliness in accessing hospital or critical care, resource availability, and facilities equipped for advanced interventions. Complications from various conditions, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), unsafe abortions, puerperal sepsis, and, notably, the COVID-19 pandemic, intensify the complexity of these challenges. In confronting these challenges and deliberating on potential solutions, we hope to contribute to the ongoing discourse around maternal healthcare in LMICs, ultimately striving toward an equitable health landscape where every mother, regardless of geographic location or socioeconomic status, has access to the care they require and deserve. The use of traditional and innovative methods to achieve adequate knowledge, appropriate skills, location of applicable resources, and strong leadership is essential. By implementing and enhancing these strategies, limited-resource settings can optimize the available resources to promptly recognize the severity of illness in obstetric individuals, ensuring timely and appropriate interventions for mothers and children. Additionally, strategies that could significantly improve the situation include increased investment in healthcare infrastructure, effective resource management, enhanced supply chain efficiency, and the development and use of low-cost, high-quality equipment. Through targeted investments, innovations, efficient resource management, and international cooperation, it is possible to ensure that every maternal high-care and ICU unit, regardless of geographical location or socioeconomic status, has access to high-quality critical care to provide life-saving care.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Rojas-Suarez
- Intensive Care and Obstetric Research Group (GRICIO), Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia; GINUMED Research Group, Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez, Cartagena, Colombia.
| | - Fathima Paruk
- Department of Critical Care, Steve Biko Academic Hospital and Faculty of Health Science University of Pretoria, South Africa.
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Valiati N, Puel EM, Stefani CM, Lataro RM. Does probiotic ingestion reduce the risk of preeclampsia? A systematic review. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:135-147. [PMID: 37844331 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to systematically review the literature on the effects of probiotic consumption on the risk of preeclampsia (PE) development. Eight databases, clinical trial registries, and grey literature were searched until February 2022. Studies were included if they (1) were randomized clinical trials (RCTs), (2) included pregnant women aged ≥ 18 years old, (3) used probiotics products, and (4) were written in the Latin alphabet. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using the risk ratio as the effect measure with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PE. The search strategy identified 359 records, from which six RCTs were included. The six RCTs evaluated pregnant women with comorbidities and enrolled 593 women that received probiotics and 625 receiving placebo. None of the included RCTs analyzed healthy women. Probiotics increased by 12% the PE risk (RR 1.12, 95% CI, CI = 0.83-1.53, p = 0.46, χ2 = 3.31, df = 5 (p = 0.65), I2 = 0%). The certainty of the evidence, evaluated through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach, was rated as very low. In conclusion, probiotics supplementation may slightly increase PE rates in pregnant women with comorbidities. The risk may be higher in obese women and for periods of ingestion longer than eight weeks. However, the evidence certainty is very low. PROSPERO registration No.CRD42021278611.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Valiati
- Department of Physiological SciencesCenter of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Esthela M Puel
- Department of Physiological SciencesCenter of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cristine M Stefani
- Department of DentistryFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Renata M Lataro
- Department of Physiological SciencesCenter of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Sitter M, Pecks U, Härtel C, Meybohm P, Bohlmann MK. [Pregnant in the Intensive Care Unit]. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2023; 58:598-611. [PMID: 37832562 DOI: 10.1055/a-2043-4435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Although admission to an intensive care unit during pregnancy is rare, pregnant women may become critically ill due to either obstetric or non-obstetric illness. Whilst critical illness due to obstetric reasons during the peripartum period (e.g. peripartum haemorrhage, HELLP-syndrome) is more common, it is also important to know how to care for critically ill pregnant women with non-obstetric illness (e.g. infection, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, trauma). Physiological changes during pregnancy may affect critical care treatment, variation in standard and target values for blood pressure management or artificial ventilation. Pregnancy specific reference values in interpretation of blood chemistry are important issues to consider. The use of different drugs is inevitable in critical care, knowing which drugs are safe to use during the different stages of pregnancy is essential. Caring for mother and unborn child in the ICU is a challenge, open communication, ethical considerations and interdisciplinary as well as multiprofessional collaborations should be key points when caring for critically ill pregnant patients.
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Ayala Quintanilla BP, Taft A, McDonald S, Pollock W, Roque Henriquez JC. Social determinants and exposure to intimate partner violence in women with severe acute maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:656. [PMID: 37700244 PMCID: PMC10496274 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05927-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studying severe acute maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit improves our understanding of potential factors affecting maternal health. AIM To review evidence on maternal exposure to intimate partner violence and social determinants of health in women with severe acute maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit. METHODS The protocol for this review was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42016037492). A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, ProQuest, LILACS and SciELO using the search terms "intensive care unit", "intensive care", "critical care" and "critically ill" in combination with "intimate partner violence", "social determinants of health", "severe acute maternal morbidity", pregnancy, postpartum and other similar terms. Eligible studies were (i) quantitative, (ii) published in English and Spanish, (iii) from 2000 to 2021, (iv) with data related to intimate partner violence and/or social determinants of health, and (v) investigating severe acute maternal morbidity (maternity patients treated in the intensive care unit during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination). Of 52,866 studies initially identified, 1087 full texts were assessed and 156 studies included. Studies were independently assessed by two reviewers for screening, revision, quality assessment and abstracted data. Studies were categorised into high/middle/low-income countries and summarised data were presented using a narrative description, due to heterogenic data as: (i) exposure to intimate partner violence and (ii) social determinants of health. RESULTS One study assessed intimate partner violence among mothers with severe acute maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit and found that women exposed to intimate partner violence before and during pregnancy had a nearly four-fold risk of severe acute maternal morbidity requiring ICU admission. Few social determinants of health other than age were reported in most studies. CONCLUSION This review identified a significant gap in knowledge concerning intimate partner violence and social determinants of health in women with severe acute maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit, which is essential to better understand the complete picture of the maternal morbidity spectrum and reduce maternal mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Level 3, George Singer Building, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Universidad de San Martin de Porres, La Molina, Lima, Peru.
| | - Angela Taft
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Level 3, George Singer Building, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan McDonald
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Level 3, George Singer Building, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wendy Pollock
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Level 3, George Singer Building, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Arslan K, Arslan HÇ, Şahin AS. Evaluation of critically ill obstetric patients treated in an intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ann Saudi Med 2023; 43:10-16. [PMID: 36739504 PMCID: PMC9899340 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2023.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although obstetric morbidity and mortality have decreased recently, rates are still high enough to constitute a significant health problem. With the COVID-19 pandemic, many obstetric patients have required treatment in intensive care units (ICU). OBJECTIVES Evaluate critical obstetric patients who were treated in an ICU for COVID-19 and followed up for 90 days. DESIGN Medical record review SETTING: Intensıve care unit PATİENTS AND METHODS: Obstetric patients admitted to the ICU between 15 March 2020 and 15 March 2022 and followed up for at least 90 days were evaluated retrospectively. Patients with and without COVID-19 were compared by gestational week, indications, comorbidities, length of stay in the hospital and ICU, requirement for mechanical ventilation, blood transfusion, renal replacement therapy (RRT), plasmapheresis, ICU scores, and mortality. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical outcomes and mortality. SAMPLE SIZE AND CHARACTERISTICS 102 patients with a mean (SD) maternal age of 29.1 (6.3) years, and median (IQR) length of gestation of 35.0 (7.8) weeks. RESULTS About 30% (n=31) of the patients were positive for COVID-19. Most (87.2%) were cesarean deliveries; 4.9% vaginal (8.7% did not deliver). COVID-19, eclampsia/preeclampsia, and postpartum hemorrhage were the most common ICU indications. While the 28-day mortality was 19.3% (n=6) in the COVID-19 group, it was 1.4% (n=1) in the non-COVID-19 group (P<.001). The gestational period was significantly shorter in the COVID-19 group (P=.01) while the duration of stay in ICU (P<.001) and mechanical ventilation (P=.03), lactate (P=.002), blood transfusions (P=.001), plasmapheresis requirements (P=.02), and 28-day mortality were significantly higher (P<.001). APACHE-2 scores (P=.007), duration of stay in ICU (P<.001) and mechanical ventilation (P<.001), RRT (P=.007), and plasmapheresis requirements (P=.005) were significantly higher in patients who died than in those who were discharged. CONCLUSION The most common indication for ICU admission was COVID-19. The APACHE-2 scoring was helpful in predicting mortality. We think multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are needed for COVID-19 obstetric patients. In addition to greater mortality and morbidity, the infection may affect newborn outcomes by causing premature birth. LIMITATIONS Retrospectıve, single-center, small population size. CONFLICT OF INTEREST None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Arslan
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hale Çetin Arslan
- From the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayca Sultan Şahin
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bovbjerg ML, Leitao S, Corcoran P, O'Regan L, Greene RA, Manning E, Byrne B, Cooley S, Daly D, Fallon A, Higgins M, Jones C, Kinsells I, Murphy C, Murphy J, Ni Bhuinneain M. Critical care in obstetrics: Clinical audit in the Republic of Ireland, 2014–2016. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022; 279:183-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Taube HS, Matot I, Levy N, Goren O, Marom R, Weiniger CF. Indications and diagnosis-specific features of maternal and neonatal peripartum intensive care unit admissions: A retrospective study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2022; 66:256-264. [PMID: 34811732 DOI: 10.1111/aas.14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although peripartum intensive care unit admission indications are well-reported, clinical and laboratory details rarely are. We described admission indications and categorised laboratory values and vital signs according to admission diagnosis. METHODS Retrospective Institutional Review Board approved study. We identified intensive care unit admission diagnosis, laboratory values and vital signs from patient charts. Groups were compared according to admission diagnoses. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS We included 91 general intensive care unit admissions among 56,865 deliveries (2011-2015) with complete data. The most common admission diagnosis was postpartum haemorrhage followed by hypertensive diseases of pregnancy and respiratory complications. Women with postpartum haemorrhage had lower mean (standard deviation) platelet counts (120.2 (45.8) vs. 181.2 (109.9), p = .003) and temperatures (35.7 (1.1) vs. 36.5 (1.2), p = .002). Women with hypertensive diseases of pregnancy had higher mean (standard deviation) blood pressures (systolic 150.4 (29.1) vs. 127.4 (21.0), p = .013, diastolic 100.3 (18.7) vs. 76.1 (16.1), p = .001), creatinine (1.1 (0.6) vs. 0.8 (0.3), p = .003), urea (14.6 (7.7) vs. 10.5 (4.7), p = .005) and liver enzymes, including aspartate transaminase (258.4 (297.0) vs. 41.4 (42.9), p = .000), alanine transaminase (184.4 (199.2) vs. 35.1 (75.9), p = .000), and alkaline phosphatase (166.6 (112.6) vs. 96.0 (60.0), p = .006). Women with respiratory complications had lower mean (standard deviation) oxygen saturations (93.7 (6.1) vs. 98.0 (2.6), p = .000), and higher mean (standard deviation) temperatures (37.1 (0.8) vs. 36.0 (1.2), p = .001). CONCLUSIONS We report differences in laboratory values and vital signs, according to intensive care unit admission diagnosis. Recognising these differences might help individualise patient assessment and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamutal S. Taube
- Division of Anesthesia, Pain and Critical Care Tel‐Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
| | - Idit Matot
- Division of Anesthesia, Pain and Critical Care Tel‐Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
| | - Nadav Levy
- Division of Anesthesia, Pain and Critical Care Tel‐Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
| | - Or Goren
- Division of Anesthesia, Pain and Critical Care Tel‐Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
| | - Ronella Marom
- Division of Anesthesia, Pain and Critical Care Tel‐Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
| | - Carolyn F. Weiniger
- Division of Anesthesia, Pain and Critical Care Tel‐Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
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10
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Koukoubanis K, Prodromidou A, Stamatakis E, Valsamidis D, Thomakos N. Role of Critical Care Units in the management of obstetric patients (Review). Biomed Rep 2021; 15:58. [PMID: 34007451 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is considered a natural process for the majority of women. However, a limited proportion of pregnancies and deliveries can present with a broad variety of complications that may require admission to a Critical Care Unit (CCU). In the present review, the indications of admission of obstetrical and postpartum patients to CCUs were critically evaluated with a particular focus on the management of their complications. The management of critically ill obstetric patients remains challenging due to the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, pregnancy-related diseases and the need to carefully consider the well-being of the fetus before any intervention can be recommended/performed. Indications for admission to CCUs include both obstetric and non-obstetric conditions that may require continuous monitoring and further interventions. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and mass hemorrhage are amongst the most common causes of admission to CCUs in pregnant and postpartum women. The establishment of a diagnostic and care algorithm based on the contribution of a multidisciplinary team is of critical importance to aid in the determination of which patients will require intensive care, and to assist in deciding what type of critical care each critically ill patients receives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Koukoubanis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Alexandra' Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Prodromidou
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Alexandra' Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Stamatakis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, 'Alexandra' General Hospital of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Valsamidis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, 'Alexandra' General Hospital of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Thomakos
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Alexandra' Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
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11
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12
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Chrishtop VV, Mironov VA, Prilepskii AY, Nikonorova VG, Vinogradov VV. Organ-specific toxicity of magnetic iron oxide-based nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2020; 15:167-204. [PMID: 33216662 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1842934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The unique properties of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles determined their widespread use in medical applications, the food industry, textile industry, which in turn led to environmental pollution. These factors determine the long-term nature of the effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on the body. However, studies in the field of chronic nanotoxicology of magnetic iron particles are insufficient and scattered. Studies show that toxicity may be increased depending on oral and inhalation routes of administration rather than injection. The sensory nerve pathway can produce a number of specific effects not seen with other routes of administration. Organ systems showing potential toxic effects when injected with iron oxide nanoparticles include the nervous system, heart and lungs, the thyroid gland, and organs of the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS). A special place is occupied by the reproductive system and the effect of nanoparticles on the health of the first and second generations of individuals exposed to the toxic effects of iron oxide nanoparticles. This knowledge should be taken into account for subsequent studies of the toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles. Particular attention should be paid to tests conducted on animals with pathologies representing human chronic socially significant diseases. This part of preclinical studies is almost in its infancy but of great importance for further medical translation on nanomaterials to practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Varvara G Nikonorova
- Ivanovo State Agricultural Academy named after D.K. Belyaev, Peterburg, Russian Federation
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13
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Abstract
Care of the critically ill pregnant patient is anxiety-provoking for those unprepared, as the emergency physician must consider not only the welfare of the immediate patient, but of the fetus as well. Familiarity with the physiologic changes of pregnancy and how they affect clinical presentation and management is key. Although some medications may be safer in pregnancy than others, stabilizing the pregnant patient is paramount. Emergency physicians should target pregnancy-specific oxygen and ventilation goals and hemodynamics and should be prepared to perform a perimortem cesarean section, should the mother lose pulses, to increase chances for maternal and fetal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kami M Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Aleta S Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. https://twitter.com/hong_aleta
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14
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Soares FM, Pacagnella RC, Tunçalp Ö, Cecatti JG, Vogel JP, Togoobaatar G, Souza JP. Provision of intensive care to severely ill pregnant women is associated with reduced mortality: Results from the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2020; 150:346-353. [PMID: 32464683 PMCID: PMC7496974 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the impact of the use of Intensive Care Units (ICU) in maternal mortality. METHODS A secondary analysis of the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health, a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in maternity hospitals in 29 countries. Women who had severe maternal outcome (maternal death or maternal near-miss) and the availability and use of ICU beds were included. The women were categorized according to availability of ICU, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the risk of maternal death. To rate the severity of complications, the Maternal Severity Score (MSS) and the Maternal Severity Index (MSI) were used. RESULTS Of 314 623 women observed, 24 396 had severe complications. Of those, 16 981 (69.6%) were in facilities with ICUs; 1573 women were admitted to ICUs (6.4% of women with maternal complications and 0.5% of total). There is a significant protective effect for maternal mortality for patients with more severe conditions using ICUs (odds ratio 0.16, 95% confidence interval 0.07-0.33). CONCLUSION The use of ICU was associated with significantly reduced odds of maternal death in obstetric patients with severe clinical conditions. The availability and appropriate use of good-quality ICUs are therefore crucial to reduce maternal mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano M. Soares
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasBrazil
| | - Rodolfo C. Pacagnella
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasBrazil
| | - Özge Tunçalp
- UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of ResearchDevelopment and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP)Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and ResearchWHOGenevaSwitzerland
| | - José G. Cecatti
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasBrazil
| | - Joshua P. Vogel
- UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of ResearchDevelopment and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP)Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and ResearchWHOGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Ganchimeg Togoobaatar
- Department of Global Health NursingFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Joao P. Souza
- Department of Social Medicine (Public and Family Health)Ribeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
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15
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Millington S, Arstall M, Dekker G, Magarey J, Clark R. Adherence to clinical practice guidelines for South Australian pregnant women with cardiac conditions between 2003 and 2013. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230459. [PMID: 32182282 PMCID: PMC7077829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For pregnant women with a known cardiac condition or those who develop cardiac disease during pregnancy, there is an increased risk of complications during pregnancy, to both mother and foetus. To reduce this risk, best practice guidelines have been developed and available in South Australia for several years. Measuring clinical practice against the guideline recommendations verifies real-life practice and an essential part of any clinical practice quality improvement project by identifying gaps. This study is the first report on adherence to statewide perinatal guidelines for these women in South Australia. Objectives Design A retrospective cross-sectional observational design that analysed data from medical records. Setting Three SA Health public metropolitan, university-affiliated teaching hospitals with an obstetric service within a ten-year timeframe (2003–2013). Participants 271 admissions of women who were categorised as ‘pre-existent’ or ‘newly acquired’ cardiac condition during their pregnancy. Outcome measures Adherence to guidelines was measured using a purposefully designed scoring system across the three sites. The researcher chose a minimum acceptable score of 17 applicable to the ‘newly acquired’ group and 35 for the ‘pre-existent’ group. Results Overall adherence to the perinatal guidelines for the combined groups (n = 271) reported a mean score of 16.3, SD ± 6.7, with a median score of 17. Women in the ‘newly acquired’ group scored less compared to women in the ‘pre-existent’ group (Estimate -2.3, CI -3.9,-0.7). Variance in adherence was observed across the three hospitals (P value <0.0001). The most significant predictor of adherence to guidelines was pre-pregnancy cardiac consultation which increased the likelihood of preconception care by Odds ratio 18.5 (95%, CI 2, 168). Similarly, compliance with mental health screening was associated with improved adherence to antenatal assessments (OR: 11.3(95% CI 4.7, 27.3). Conclusion There was overall suboptimal adherence to the statewide guidelines for women with cardiac conditions in pregnancy. The variance in the level of adherence across the three hospitals correlated with the exposure to higher acuity cases, and that appropriate up- referral to a higher acuity hospital was intrinsically linked to better adherence. Recommendations include preconception counselling, and to ensure that all health practitioners have the skills, sufficient training and time to complete a comprehensive initial antenatal assessment Trial registration ACTRN12617000417381
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Millington
- Adelaide Nursing School and Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Margaret Arstall
- Department of Cardiology at the Northern Adelaide Local Health Network (NAHLN) and the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Gustaaf Dekker
- Obstetrics & Gynaecology for the Women’s and Children’s Division of Northern Adelaide Health Network (Lyell McEwin Hospital and Modbury Hospitals) and the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Judith Magarey
- Adelaide Nursing School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Robyn Clark
- College of Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia
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