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Kim YC, Lee SJ, Woo SH, Yang S, Choi JW. A Comparative Study of Titanium Cranioplasty for Extensive Calvarial Bone Defects: Three-Dimensionally Printed Titanium Implants Versus Premolded Titanium Mesh. Ann Plast Surg 2023; 91:446-455. [PMID: 37713150 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the complications and symmetry outcomes between 3-dimensionally printed titanium implants and premolded titanium mesh in patients with extensive calvarial bone defects. METHODS This retrospective analysis included patients with calvarial defects >50 cm2 undergoing cranioplasty who received either a 3-dimensionally printed titanium implant manufactured by selective laser melting techniques (N = 12) or a premolded titanium mesh customized onto a 3-dimensionally printed skull template (N = 23). Complications including intracranial infection, hardware extrusion, wound dehiscence, and cerebrospinal fluid leaks were investigated. Predictive factors affecting complications were investigated to identify the odds ratios in univariate and multivariate analyses. The symmetry was assessed by calculating the root mean square deviation, which showed the morphological deviation of the selected area compared with the mirrored image of the contralateral region. RESULTS The overall complication rate was 26.1% (6/23 patients) in the premolded titanium group and 16.7% (2/12 patients) in the 3-dimensionally printed group. The reoperation rates did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (3-dimensionally printed group, 16.7%, versus premolded group, 21.7%). In multivariate analysis, only the number of previous cranial operation was significantly associated with the complication rate (odds ratio, 2.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.037-5.649; P = 0.041). The mean ± SD of the root mean square deviation was significantly smaller in the 3-dimensionally printed group (2.58 ± 0.93 versus 4.82 ± 1.31 mm, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The 3-dimensionally printed titanium implant manufactured by the selective laser melting technique showed comparable stability and improved symmetry outcomes compared with the conventional titanium mesh in the reconstruction of extensive calvarial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Chul Kim
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| | - Seok Joon Lee
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
| | - Soo Hyun Woo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul
| | | | - Jong Woo Choi
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center
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Macroporous Hyaluronic Acid/Chitosan Polyelectrolyte Complex-Based Hydrogels Loaded with Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation. POLYSACCHARIDES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides3040043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to fabricate and characterize composite macroporous hydrogels based on a hyaluronic acid/chitosan (Hyal/Ch) polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) loaded with homogeneously distributed hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp), and to evaluate them in vitro using mouse fibroblasts (L929), osteoblast-like cells (HOS) and human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC). Hydrogel morphology as a function of the hydroxyapatite nanoparticle content was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The mean pore size in the Hyal/Ch hydrogel was 204 ± 25 μm. The entrapment of nHAp (1 and 5 wt. %) into the Hyal/Ch hydrogel led to a mean pore size decrease (94 ± 2 and 77 ± 9 μm, relatively). Swelling ratio and weight loss of the hydrogels in various aqueous media were found to increase with an enhancement of a medium ionic strength. Cell morphology and localization within the hydrogels was studied by CLSM. Cell viability depended upon the nHAp content and was evaluated by MTT-assay after 7 days of cultivation in the hydrogels. An increase of the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles loading in a range of 1–10 wt. % resulted in an enhancement of cell growth and proliferation for all hydrogels. Maximum cell viability was obtained in case of the Hyal/Ch/nHAp-10 sample (10 wt. % nHAp), while a minimal cell number was found for the Hyal/Ch/nHAp-1 hydrogel (1 wt. % nHAp). Thus, the proposed simple original technique and the design of PEC hydrogels could be promising for tissue engineering, in particular for bone tissue repair.
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Bai X, Li J, Zhao Z, Wang Q, Lv N, Wang Y, Gao H, Guo Z, Li Z. In vivo evaluation of osseointegration ability of sintered bionic trabecular porous titanium alloy as artificial hip prosthesis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:928216. [PMID: 36185453 PMCID: PMC9516407 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.928216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings have been widely used for improving the bone-implant interface (BII) bonding of the artificial joint prostheses. However, the incidence of prosthetic revisions due to aseptic loosening remains high. Porous materials, including three-dimensional (3D) printing, can reduce the elastic modulus and improve osseointegration at the BII. In our previous study, we identified a porous material with a sintered bionic trabecular structure with in vitro and in vivo bio-safety as well as in vivo mechanical safety. This study aimed to compare the difference in osseointegration ability of the different porous materials and HA-coated titanium alloy in the BII. We fabricated sintered bionic trabecular porous titanium acetabular cups, 3D-printed porous titanium acetabular cups, and HA-coated titanium alloy acetabular cups for producing a hip prosthesis suitable for beagle dogs. Subsequently, the imaging and histomorphological analysis of the three materials under mechanical loading in animals was performed (at months 1, 3, and 6). The results suggested that both sintered bionic porous titanium alloy and 3D-printed titanium alloy exhibited superior performances in promoting osseointegration at the BII than the HA-coated titanium alloy. In particular, the sintered bionic porous titanium alloy exhibited a favorable bone ingrowth performance at an early stage (month 1). A comparison of the two porous titanium alloys suggested that the sintered bionic porous titanium alloys exhibit superior bone in growth properties and osseointegration ability. Overall, our findings provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of sintered bionic trabecular porous titanium alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Bai
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 987th Hospital of Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Baoji, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhidong Zhao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ningyu Lv
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Huayi Gao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongli Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongli Li,
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Shang G, Xiang S, Guo C, Guo J, Wang P, Wang Y, Xu H. Use of a new off-the-shelf 3D-printed trabecular titanium acetabular cup in Chinese patients undergoing hip revision surgery: Short- to mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:636. [PMID: 35787270 PMCID: PMC9252048 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05596-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been a challenge for surgeons. The purpose of this study was to explore the short-to mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes of Chinese patients who underwent revision THA using a new off-the-shelf three-dimensional (3D)-printed trabecular titanium (TT) acetabular cup by comparison with a conventional porous coated titanium acetabular cup, to provide a reference for the recommendation of this prostheses. Methods A retrospective analysis of 57 patients (57 hips) who received revision THA was performed from January 2016 to June 2019. A total of 23 patients received 3D-printed cups (observation group) and 34 patients received non-3D-printed cups (control group). Clinical scores including Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Short Form 36 (SF-36), upward movement of the hip center of rotation(HCOR)and limb-length discrepancy (LLD), stabilization and bone ingrowth of cups were compared between two groups. The multivariate linear regression was used to determine the factors potentially influencing the HHS score. Postoperative complications in the two groups were also recorded. Results All 57 patients were routinely followed up. The average follow-up durations in the control and observation groups were 43.57 ± 13.68 (24–65) months and 41.82 ± 11.44 (24–64) months, respectively (p = 0.618). The postoperative clinical scores significantly improved in both groups compared to the preoperative scores (p < 0.001). The VAS score did not significantly differ between the groups at 3 (p = 0.946) or 12 (p = 0.681) months postoperatively, or at the last follow-up (p = 0.885). The HHS score did not significantly differ between the groups at 3 months (p = 0.378) postoperatively but differed at 12 months (p < 0.001) postoperatively and the last follow-up (p < 0.001). The SF-36 score did not significantly differ between the groups at 3 months (p = 0.289) postoperatively, but was significantly different at 12 months (p < 0.001) postoperatively and the last follow-up (p < 0.001). Compared with the control group, the postoperative recovery of HCOR and LLD was better in the observation group. All cups remained stable, with no loosening throughout the follow-up period. But the observation group had a significantly better rate of bone ingrowth compared to the control group (p = 0.037). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that different cup types, upward movement of the HCOR, and LLD influenced the HHS score at the last follow-up (p < 0.001, p = 0.005, respectively). None of the patients exhibited severe postoperative complications. Conclusion The new off-the-shelf 3D-printed TT acetabular cup demonstrated encouraging short-to mid-term clinical outcomes in Chinese patients. It can effectively relieve pain, improve hip function, provide satisfactory biological fixation and high survival rate. But further follow up is necessary to assess its long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqian Shang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Xiang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Guo
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Jianjun Guo
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Yingzhen Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
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Abstract
The application of porous materials is increasingly being used in orthopaedic surgery due to its good results. Bone growth within the pores results in excellent mechanical fixation with the bone, as well as good bone regeneration. The pores, in addition to being colonised by bone, produce a decrease in the modulus of elasticity that favours the transfer of loads to the bone. This research shows the results of an experimental study where we have created critical osteoperiosteal defects of 10 mm on rabbit’s radius diaphysis. In one group of 10 rabbits (experimental group) we have implanted a bioactive porous titanium cylinder, and in another group we have allowed spontaneous regeneration (control group). Mechanical tests were performed to assess the material. Image diagnostic techniques (X-ray, scanner and 3D scan: there are no references on the literature with the use of CT-scan in bone defects) and histological and histomorphometric studies post-op and after 3, 6 and 12 months after the surgery were performed. All the control cases went through a pseudoarthrosis. In 9 of the 10 cases of the experimental group complete regeneration was observed, with a normal cortical-marrow structure established at 6 months, similar to normal bone. Titanium trabecular reached a bone percentage of bone inside the implant of 49.3% on its surface 3 months post-op, 75.6% at 6 months and 81.3% at 12 months. This porous titanium biomaterial has appropriate characteristics to allow bone ingrowth, and it can be proposed as a bone graft substitute to regenerate bone defects, as a scaffold, or as a coating to achieve implant osteointegration.
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Navarro P, Olmo A, Giner M, Rodríguez-Albelo M, Rodríguez Á, Torres Y. Electrical Impedance of Surface Modified Porous Titanium Implants with Femtosecond Laser. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15020461. [PMID: 35057181 PMCID: PMC8779557 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The chemical composition and surface topography of titanium implants are essential to improve implant osseointegration. The present work studies a non-invasive alternative of electrical impedance spectroscopy for the characterization of the macroporosity inherent to the manufacturing process and the effect of the surface treatment with femtosecond laser of titanium discs. Osteoblasts cell culture growths on the titanium surfaces of the laser-treated discs were also studied with this method. The measurements obtained showed that the femtosecond laser treatment of the samples and cell culture produced a significant increase (around 50%) in the absolute value of the electrical impedance module, which could be characterized in a wide range of frequencies (being more relevant at 500 MHz). Results have revealed the potential of this measurement technique, in terms of advantages, in comparison to tiresome and expensive techniques, allowing semi-quantitatively relating impedance measurements to porosity content, as well as detecting the effect of surface modification, generated by laser treatment and cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Navarro
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Calle Virgen de África 7, 41011 Seville, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (Y.T.)
| | - Alberto Olmo
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Av. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954556835
| | - Mercè Giner
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Doctor Fedriani s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Marleny Rodríguez-Albelo
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Calle Virgen de África 7, 41011 Seville, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (Y.T.)
| | - Ángel Rodríguez
- Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad da Coruña, Calle Mendizábal s/n, 15403 Ferrol, Spain;
| | - Yadir Torres
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Calle Virgen de África 7, 41011 Seville, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (Y.T.)
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Novel Design and Finite Element Analysis of Diamond-like Porous Implants with Low Stiffness. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226918. [PMID: 34832321 PMCID: PMC8625789 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to design porous implants with low stiffness and evaluate their biomechanical behavior. Thus, two types of porous implants were designed (Type I: a combined structure of diamond-like porous scaffold and traditional tapered thread. Type II: a cylindrical porous scaffold filled by arrayed basic diamond-like pore units). Three implant-supported prosthesis models were constructed from Type I, Type II and commercial implants (control group) and were evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA). The stress distribution pattern of the porous implants were assessed and compared with the control group. In addition, the stiffness of the cylindrical specimens simplified from three types of implants was calculated. The Type I implant exhibited better stress distribution than the Type II implant. The maximum stress between the cortical bone–Type I implant interface was 12.9 and 19.0% lower than the other two groups. The peak stress at the cancellous bone–Type I implant interface was also reduced by 16.8 and 38.7%. Compared with the solid cylinder, the stiffness of diamond-like pore cylinders simplified from the two porous implants geometry was reduced by 61.5 to 76.1%. This construction method of porous implant can effectively lower its stiffness and optimize the stress distribution at the implant–bone interface.
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Wo J, Huang SS, Wu DY, Zhu J, Li ZZ, Yuan F. The integration of pore size and porosity distribution on Ti-6A1-4V scaffolds by 3D printing in the modulation of osteo-differentation. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 18:2280800020934652. [PMID: 32936027 DOI: 10.1177/2280800020934652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, pore size and porosity distribution of porous Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds (pTi) were controlled by 3D printing. The effects of pore size distribution at a constant porosity, or porosity distribution at a constant pore size pertaining to functions of adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of the mouse embryonic osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells were researched separately. METHODS 3D printing was used to design five groups of pTi, designated as PS300/HP, PS300/LP, PS500/HP, PS500/LP, and PS800/HP based on pore size and porosity distribution. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on pTi, and non-porous Ti-6Al-4V samples (npTi) were prepared as control. The pTi was characterized with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). MC3T3-E1 cells were stained via AlamarBlue assay and viability and proliferation analyzed. The mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), collagentype-1 (Col-1), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in MC3T3-E1 cells were analyzed by real-time PCR analysis. RESULTS The average pore size and porosity of pTi were recorded as (301 ± 9 μm, 58.8 ± 1.8%), (300 ± 9 μm, 43.4 ± 1.3%), (501 ± 11 μm, 58.3 ± 1.2%), (499 ± 12 μm, 42.7 ± 1.1%), and (804 ± 10 μm, 58.9 ± 1.3%), respectively. SEM images confirmed active attachment of cells and oriented with the direction of metal rod after pTi/MC3T3-E1 co-culture for 3 and 7 days. In addition, MC3T3-E1 cells grown on the PS800/HP displayed significantly higher proliferation compared with each group after 3 days incubation (p < 0.05). Moreover, cells showed some degree of proliferation in all groups, with the highest value recorded for PS800/HP after culture for 7 days (p < 0.05). The gene expression pattern of ALP, OCN, Col-1, and Runx2 confirmed that these were down-regulated when pore size increased or porosity decreased of pTi (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The pTi facilitated the adhesion and differentiation of osteoblast when pore size decreased or porosity increased. The scaffold model resembles physical modification with porous structures, which has potential application in the surface modifications of Ti implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wo
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Spinal Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Dong-Ying Wu
- Spinal Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Spinal Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Feng Yuan
- Spinal Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Suresh S, Sun CN, Tekumalla S, Rosa V, Ling Nai SM, Wong RCW. Mechanical properties and in vitro cytocompatibility of dense and porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI manufactured by selective laser melting technology for biomedical applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 123:104712. [PMID: 34365098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Ti-6Al-4V alloy is the most common biomaterial used for bone replacements and reconstructions. Despite its advantages, the Ti-6Al-4V has a high stiffness that can cause stress-shielding. In this work, we demonstrated that the selective laser melting (SLM) technology could be used to fabricate porosity in Ti-6Al-4V extra low interstitial (ELI) to reduce its stiffness while improving cell adhesion and proliferation. With a porosity of 14.04%, the elastic modulus of the porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI was reduced to 80 GPa. The compressive stress and the 3-point-bending flexural tests revealed that the porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI possessed a brittle characteristic. The additional pores within the beams of the lattice structures of porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI increased its surface arithmetic average roughness, Ra = 3.94 μm. The in vitro cytocompatibility test showed that the SLM printing process and the post-processes did not cause any toxicity in the MC3T3-E1 cells. The in vitro cell proliferation test also showed that the porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI increased the proliferation rate of osteogenic induced MC3T3-E1 cells on Day 7. The findings from this study would provide engineers and researchers with both the mechanical information and biological understanding of SLM printed porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI, and SLM printed dense Ti-6Al-4V ELI towards biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Suresh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Chen-Nan Sun
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.
| | - Sravya Tekumalla
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Sharon Mui Ling Nai
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.
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The impact of multimodal pore size considered independently from porosity on mechanical performance and osteogenic behaviour of titanium scaffolds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112026. [PMID: 33947533 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Titanium porous scaffolds comprising multimodal pore ranges (i.e., uni-, bi-, tri-modal and random) were studied to evaluate the effect of pore size on osteoblastogenesis. The scaffolds were manufactured using spaceholder-powder metallurgy, and porosity and pore size were kept independent. Their mechanical and physical properties (i.e., stiffness, strength, total and open porosity) were determined. In a first step, unimodal porous samples were tested with a mouse osteoblastic clonal cell line to ascertain pore size and porosity effects on cellular behaviour. Their proliferation (via cell number and total protein content), differentiation (via ALP enzyme levels) and maturation potency (with gene markers (Runx2, osteocalcin) and cytoplasmatic calcium) were investigated. In a second step informed by the previous results, multimodal scaffolds were shortlisted according to a set of criteria that included stiffness similar to that of cortical or trabecular bone, high strength and high open porosity. Their bioactivity performance was then studied to assess the benefits of mixing different pore ranges. The study concludes that pre-osteoblasts cultivated in unimodal microstructures with a pore range 106-212 μm of 36% total (actual) porosity and 300-500 μm of 55% total (actual) porosity achieved the largest extent of maturation. Bimodal microstructures comprising small (106-212 μm) and large (300-500 μm) pore ranges, distinctively distributed within the volume, and 40% (actual) porosity outperformed others, including multimodal (i.e. three or more pore ranges) and non-porous samples. They displayed a synergistic effect over the unimodal distributions. This should be a consideration in the design of scaffolds for implantation and bioengineering applications.
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Luan H, Yu Z, Li J, Bi J, Mo Z, Ren W, Li Z. Effects of different concentrations of TiAl6V4 particles on MC3T3-E1 cells and bone in rats. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2020.100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Chakraborty A, Datta P, Majumder S, Mondal SC, Roychowdhury A. Finite element and experimental analysis to select patient's bone condition specific porous dental implant, fabricated using additive manufacturing. Comput Biol Med 2020; 124:103839. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Surface Modification of Porous Titanium Discs Using Femtosecond Laser Structuring. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The failure of titanium implants is associated with two main problems that include the bone resorption and fracture of the surrounding bone tissue (stiffness incompatibility) and implant loosening (poor osseointegration). The development of porous titanium implants with low Young modulus solve the stress shielding phenomenon, while the modification of the implant surface must be implemented to promote a fast bond between the implant and bone. In this work, femtosecond laser micromachining was applied to modify the topography of the surface of Ti porous samples obtained by a space-holder technique to obtain hierarchical structures (micro and nano roughness patterns) to enhance osseointegration. Scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser microscopy, and image analysis were used for characterization of the surface morphology, roughness, and porosity before and after performing the laser treatment. Based on these results, the effect of the treatment on the mechanical behavior of the samples was estimated. In addition, a preliminary in-vitro test was performed to verify the adhesion of osteoblasts (filopodia presence) on modified titanium surface. Results revealed that laser texturing generated clusters of micro-holes and micro-columns both on the flat surface of the samples and inside the macro-pores, and periodic nanometric structures across the entire surface. The porous substrate offers suitable biomechanics (stiffness and yield strength) and bio-functional behavior (bone ingrowth and osseointegration), which improves the clinic success of titanium implants.
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Shin JY, Jeong SJ, Lee WK. Fabrication of porous scaffold by ternary combination of chitosan, gelatin, and calcium phosphate for tissue engineering. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Shirosaki Y, Nakatsukasa M, Yasutomi S, Cruz-Neves S, Hayakawa S, Osaka A, Maeda T, Miyazaki T. Cytocompatible and Antibacterial Properties of Chitosan-Siloxane Hybrid Spheres. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1676. [PMID: 31615042 PMCID: PMC6835879 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microporous spheres in a hybrid system consisting of chitosan and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) have advantages in a range of applications, e.g., as vehicles for cell transplantation and soft tissue defect filling materials, because of their excellent cytocompatibility with various cells. In this study, microporous chitosan-GPTMS spheres were prepared by dropping chitosan-GPTMS precursor sols, with or without a cerium chloride, into liquid nitrogen using a syringe pump. The droplets were then freeze dried to give the pores of size 10 to 50 μm. The cell culture tests showed that L929 fibroblast-like cells migrated into the micropores larger than 50 μm in diameter, whereas MG63 osteoblast-like cells proliferated well and covered the granule surfaces. The spheres with cerium chloride showed antibacterial properties against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Shirosaki
- Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan.
| | - Manato Nakatsukasa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Saki Yasutomi
- Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan.
| | - Susana Cruz-Neves
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Akiyoshi Osaka
- Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Toshinari Maeda
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan.
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Bollman M, Malbrue R, Li C, Yao H, Guo S, Yao S. Improvement of osseointegration by recruiting stem cells to titanium implants fabricated with 3D printing. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1463:37-44. [PMID: 31603258 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Slow and incomplete osseointegration and loss of osseointegration are major problems in dental and bone implants. We designed implants with interconnected 3D-tubulous structures and hypothesized that such interconnecting 3D (I3D) structures would serve as a repository for chemoattractants to recruit stem cells to promote osseointegration. A concept Laser Mlab-cusing-R laser-powder-bed-fusion (LPBF) 3D printing system was used to produce titanium implants with designed features. The implants were loaded (coated) with stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α), and subjected to stem cell recruitment. Implants were then surgically transplanted into the rabbit skull bone. After 12 weeks, osseointegration was analyzed by reverse-torque test and the implants were examined for calcium deposition by Alizarin Red staining. The I3D implants attracted significantly more stem cells than solid implants when coated (loaded) with SDF-1α. Greater torque force was needed to extract the I3D implants with 200 and 300 µm I3D structures than to extract solid implants from the skull. Generally, more calcium deposition was observed on the I3D implants than on the solid counterparts. LPBF 3D printing can be used to fabricate implants with complex structures. I3D-tubulous structures of implants can retain chemoattractant for recruitment of stem cells to enhance osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Bollman
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Raphael Malbrue
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Shengmin Guo
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Shaomian Yao
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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Amirikia M, Ali Jorsaraei SG, Ali Shariatzadeh SM, Mehranjani MS. Differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla into osteoblasts by the elastic modulus of porous silk fibroin scaffolds. Biologicals 2019; 57:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Sladkova M, Cheng J, Palmer M, Chen S, Lin C, Xia W, Yu YE, Zhou B, Engqvist H, de Peppo GM. Comparison of Decellularized Cow and Human Bone for Engineering Bone Grafts with Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 25:288-301. [PMID: 30129897 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Decellularized tissue matrices are popular as scaffolding materials for tissue engineering application. However, it is unclear whether interspecies differences in tissue parameters influence the quality of tissue grafts that are engineered using human stem cells. In this study, decellularized cow and human bone scaffolds were compared for engineering bone grafts using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesodermal progenitor cells and despite minor differences in architecture and mass composition, both scaffolds equally support cell viability and tissue mineralization. Decellularized cow bone scaffolds therefore represent a suitable and more affordable alternative for engineering human bone grafts for basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sladkova
- 1 The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
| | - Jiayi Cheng
- 1 The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
| | - Michael Palmer
- 2 Division of Applied Material Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Silvia Chen
- 3 LifeNet Health Foundation, Virginia Beach, Virginia
| | - Charles Lin
- 1 The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
| | - Wei Xia
- 2 Division of Applied Material Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yue Eric Yu
- 4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Bin Zhou
- 4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Håkan Engqvist
- 2 Division of Applied Material Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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do Prado RF, Esteves GC, Santos ELDS, Bueno DAG, Cairo CAA, Vasconcellos LGOD, Sagnori RS, Tessarin FBP, Oliveira FE, Oliveira LDD, Villaça-Carvalho MFL, Henriques VAR, Carvalho YR, De Vasconcellos LMR. In vitro and in vivo biological performance of porous Ti alloys prepared by powder metallurgy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196169. [PMID: 29771925 PMCID: PMC5957353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and Ti-6 Aluminium-4 Vanadium alloys are the most common materials in implants composition but β type alloys are promising biomaterials because they present better mechanical properties. Besides the composition of biomaterial, many factors influence the performance of the biomaterial. For example, porous surface may modify the functional cellular response and accelerate osseointegration. This paper presents in vitro and in vivo evaluations of powder metallurgy-processed porous samples composed by different titanium alloys and pure Ti, aiming to show their potential for biomedical applications. The porous surfaces samples were produced with different designs to in vitro and in vivo tests. Samples were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and elastic modulus analyses. Osteogenic cells from newborn rat calvaria were plated on discs of different materials: G1—commercially pure Ti group (CpTi); G2—Ti-6Al-4V alloy; G3—Ti-13 Niobium-13 Zirconium alloy; G4—Ti-35 Niobium alloy; G5—Ti-35 Niobium-7 Zirconium-5 Tantalum alloy. Cell adhesion and viability, total protein content, alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization nodules and gene expression (alkaline phosphatase, Runx-2, osteocalcin and osteopontin) were assessed. After 2 and 4 weeks of implantation in rabbit tibia, bone ingrowth was analyzed using micro-computed tomography (μCT). EDS analysis confirmed the material production of each group. Metallographic and SEM analysis revealed interconnected pores, with mean pore size of 99,5μm and mean porosity of 42%, without significant difference among the groups (p>0.05). The elastic modulus values did not exhibit difference among the groups (p>0.05). Experimental alloys demonstrated better results than CpTi and Ti-6Al-4V, in gene expression and cytokines analysis, especially in early experimental periods. In conclusion, our data suggests that the experimental alloys can be used for biomedical application since they contributed to excellent cellular behavior and osseointegration besides presenting lower elastic modulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Falchete do Prado
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Gabriela Campos Esteves
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Luzia De Souza Santos
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daiane Acácia Griti Bueno
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Alves Cairo
- Division of Materials, Air and Space Institute, Praça Mal. do Ar Eduardo Gomes, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Gustavo Oliveira De Vasconcellos
- Department of Prosthodontic and Dental Material, Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Silveira Sagnori
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bastos Pereira Tessarin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Eduardo Oliveira
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciane Dias De Oliveira
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Lima Villaça-Carvalho
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Yasmin Rodarte Carvalho
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana Marotta Reis De Vasconcellos
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chung SS, Lee KJ, Kwon YB, Kang KC. Characteristics and Efficacy of a New 3-Dimensional Printed Mesh Structure Titanium Alloy Spacer for Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion. Orthopedics 2017; 40:e880-e885. [PMID: 28817158 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20170810-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the characteristics of a newly developed 3-dimensional printed mesh structure titanium spacer and its efficacy for posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with this spacer was performed at 53 segments (40 patients; mean age, 64 years; range, 51-73 years). Data were collected prospectively. Radiographic characteristics were analyzed with changes in interbody height, instability of the segments, formation of bone bridges around the implants, and pseudarthrosis, as determined by dynamic radiographs and postoperative computed tomography scans. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with the visual analog scale for the low back and extremities, the Oswestry Disability Index, and the 36-Item Short Form Survey. Radiographically, preoperative anterior and posterior interbody height was significantly increased immediately postoperatively (P<.05), and this increase was maintained until the last follow-up. No segmental motion of 3° or greater was noted at the last follow-up. Sagittal computed tomography images showed complete anterior bone bridges for 94.3% of cases and complete posterior bone bridges for 86.7% of cases. Coronal computed tomography images showed bilateral complete bone bridges for 94.3% of cases and unilateral bone bridges for 5.7% of cases without incomplete bilateral bone bridges. No pseudarthrosis or revision, particularly including posterior lumbar interbody fusion at L5-S1, was noted. Compared with preoperative values, the visual analog scale score for the low back and extremities, the Oswestry Disability Index, and the 36-Item Short Form Survey score showed significant improvement at the last follow-up (P<.05). Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with a newly developed 3-dimensional printed mesh structure titanium spacer showed satisfactory radiographic and clinical results, with no cases of pseudarthrosis or revision, including posterior lumbar interbody fusion at L5-S1. [Orthopedics. 2017; 40(5):e880-e885.].
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de Vasconcellos LMR, Barbara MAM, Rovai EDS, de Oliveira França M, Ebrahim ZF, de Vasconcellos LGO, Porto CD, Cairo CAA. Titanium scaffold osteogenesis in healthy and osteoporotic rats is improved by the use of low-level laser therapy (GaAlAs). Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:899-905. [PMID: 27056701 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the effects of low-level laser therapy (GaAlAs) on the bone repair process within titanium scaffolds in the femurs of healthy and osteoporotic rats. Fifty-six rats were divided into four groups: group Sh: SHAM animals that received scaffolds; group LSh: SHAM animals that received scaffolds and were subjected to laser therapy; group OV: ovarietomized (OVX) animals that received scaffolds; and group LOV: OVX animals that received scaffolds and were subjected to laser therapy. Thirty days following ovariectomy or sham surgery, scaffolds were implanted in the left femurs of all animals in the study. Immediately after opening the surgical site, the inner part of the surgical cavity was stimulated with low-level laser (GaAlAs). In addition to this procedure, the laser group was also subjected to sessions of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) at 48-h intervals, with the first session performed immediately after surgery. The rats were sacrificed at 2 and 6 weeks, time in which femur fragments were submitted for histological and histomorphometric examination, and skin tissue above the scaffold was submitted to histological analysis. At the end of the study, greater bone formation was observed in the animals submitted to LLLT. At 2 and 6 weeks, statistically significant differences were observed between LSh and Sh groups (p = 0.009 and 0.0001) and LOV and OV (p = 0.0001 and 0.0001), respectively. No statistical difference was observed when assessing the estrogen variable. On the basis of our methodology and results, we conclude that LLLT improves and accelerates bone repair within titanium scaffolds in both ovariectomized and healthy rats, when compared to animals not subjected to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000.
| | - Mary Anne Moreira Barbara
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Emanuel da Silva Rovai
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, CEP 05508-000
| | - Mariana de Oliveira França
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Zahra Fernandes Ebrahim
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Luis Gustavo Oliveira de Vasconcellos
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Camila Deco Porto
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Carlos Alberto Alves Cairo
- Division of Materials, Air and Space Institute, CTA, Praça Mal. do Ar Eduardo Gomes 14, São José dos Campos, 12904-000, SP, Brazil
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do Prado RF, Rabêlo SB, de Andrade DP, Nascimento RD, Henriques VAR, Carvalho YR, Cairo CAA, de Vasconcellos LMR. Porous titanium and Ti-35Nb alloy: effects on gene expression of osteoblastic cells derived from human alveolar bone. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:259. [PMID: 26449449 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tests on titanium alloys that possess low elastic modulus, corrosion resistance and minimal potential toxicity are ongoing. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of human osteoblastic cells cultured on dense and porous Titanium (Ti) samples comparing to dense and porous Ti-35 Niobium (Ti-35Nb) samples, using gene expression analysis. Scanning electronic microscopy confirmed surface porosity and pore interconnectivity and X-ray diffraction showed titanium beta-phase stabilization in Ti-35Nb alloy. There were no differences in expression of transforming growth factor-β, integrin-β1, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, macrophage colony stimulating factor, prostaglandin E synthase, and apolipoprotein E regarding the type of alloy, porosity and experimental period. The experimental period was a significant factor for the markers: bone sialoprotein II and interleukin 6, with expression increasing over time. Porosity diminished Runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx-2) expression. Cells adhering to the Ti-35Nb alloy showed statistically similar expression to those adhering to commercially pure Ti grade II, for all the markers tested. In conclusion, the molecular mechanisms of interaction between human osteoblasts and the Ti-35Nb alloy follow the principal routes of osseointegration of commercially pure Ti grade II. Porosity impaired the route of transcription factor Runx-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Falchete do Prado
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Sylvia Bicalho Rabêlo
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Dennia Perez de Andrade
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Dias Nascimento
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Vinicius André Rodrigues Henriques
- Material Division, Air and Space Institute, General Command of Aerospace Technology, São José dos Campos, Praça Mal. do Ar Eduardo Gomes, 14, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12904-000, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Rodarte Carvalho
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Alves Cairo
- Material Division, Air and Space Institute, General Command of Aerospace Technology, São José dos Campos, Praça Mal. do Ar Eduardo Gomes, 14, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12904-000, Brazil
| | - Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
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Influence of Different Three-Dimensional Open Porous Titanium Scaffold Designs on Human Osteoblasts Behavior in Static and Dynamic Cell Investigations. MATERIALS 2015; 8:5490-5507. [PMID: 28793519 PMCID: PMC5455497 DOI: 10.3390/ma8085259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the treatment of osseous defects micro-structured three-dimensional materials for bone replacement serve as leading structure for cell migration, proliferation and bone formation. The scaffold design and culture conditions are crucial for the limited diffusion distance of nutrients and oxygen. In static culture, decreased cell activity and irregular distribution occur within the scaffold. Dynamic conditions entail physical stimulation and constant medium perfusion imitating physiological nutrient supply and metabolite disposal. Therefore, we investigated the influence of different scaffold configurations and cultivation methods on human osteoblasts. Cells were seeded on three-dimensional porous Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds manufactured with selective laser melting (SLM) or electron beam melting (EBM) varying in porosity, pore size and basic structure (cubic, diagonal, pyramidal) and cultured under static and dynamic conditions. Cell viability, migration and matrix production were examined via mitochondrial activity assay, fluorescence staining and ELISA. All scaffolds showed an increasing cell activity and matrix production under static conditions over time. Expectations about the dynamic culture were only partially fulfilled, since it enabled proliferation alike the static one and enhanced cell migration. Overall, the SLM manufactured scaffold with the highest porosity, small pore size and pyramidal basic structure proved to be the most suitable structure for cell proliferation and migration.
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Fu Y, Zhang Q, Sun Y, Liao W, Bai X, Zhang L, Du L, Jin Y, Wang Q, Li Z, Wang Y. Controlled-release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 from a microsphere coating applied to acid-etched Ti6AL4V implants increases biological bone growth in vivo. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:744-51. [PMID: 24536004 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A central clinical challenge regarding the surgical treatment of bone and joint conditions is the eventual loosening of an orthopedic implant as a result of insufficient bone ingrowth at the bone-implant interface. We investigated the in vivo effectiveness of a coating containing recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)-loaded microspheres applied to acid-etched Ti6Al4V cylinders for implantation. Three groups of rabbits (24 per group) were used for implantation: (1) acid-etched Ti6Al4V implants coated with a mixture of rhBMP-2-loaded microspheres (125 ng rhBMP-2/mg microspheres) and α-butyl cyanoacrylate; (2) acid-etched, uncoated implants; and (3) bare, smooth uncoated implants. After implantation, 12 rabbits from each group were used for bone ingrowth determination at 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 12 weeks (2 rabbits per time point), while the remainder were used for histological analysis and push-out testing at 12 weeks. Scanning electron microscopy showed significant improvement in bone growth of the rhBMP-2 microspheres/α-butyl cyanoacrylate group compared with the other groups (p<0.01). Histological analysis and push-out testing also demonstrated enhanced bone growth of the rhBMP-2 group over that in the other two groups (p<0.01). The rhBMP-2 group showed the most significant bone growth, suggesting that coating acid-etched implants with a mixture of rhBMP-2-loaded microspheres and α-butyl cyanoacrylate may be an effective method to improve the osseointegration of orthopedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmu Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
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Zimmer G, Rohrhofer A, Lewis K, Goessl A, Hoffmann O. The surface microporosity of ceramic biomaterials influences the resorption capacity of osteoclasts. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 101:3365-71. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Zimmer
- Baxter Innovations GmbH; Industriestrasse 67 1220 Vienna Austria
| | - Astrid Rohrhofer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Vienna; Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Kanthi Lewis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Vienna; Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Andreas Goessl
- Baxter Innovations GmbH; Industriestrasse 67 1220 Vienna Austria
| | - Oskar Hoffmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Vienna; Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria
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