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王 雪, 冯 伟, 黄 卓, 张 君, 杨 滨. [Prevalence of Allergen-Specific Immunoglobulin E in 57558 Patients in 2012-2022]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:980-988. [PMID: 39169998 PMCID: PMC11334271 DOI: 10.12182/20240760502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective The study aims to preliminarily investigate the prevalence characteristics of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in 57558 patients over the past decade by examining its distribution in the province and exploring its associations with age, sex, temperature, and relative humidity, providing insights for the prevention and diagnosis of allergic diseases in the Sichuan region. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 57558 patients who underwent allergen testing (by means of EUROIMMUN immunoblotting method) at West China Hospital, Sichuan University between August 2012 and February 2022. The clinical data of these patients were collected to establish a comprehensive database, while the temperature and humidity records of the corresponding timeframe were gathered for further analysis. The positive results from the allergen tests were categorized into four levels, including weakly positive (±), positive (+), moderately positive (++), and strongly positive (+++). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0, with Chi-square tests conducted to compare count data and Pearson's correlation tests done conducted to assess the relationships between different types of allergens and temperature/relative humidity. P<0.05 was applied to determine statistically significant differences. GraphPad Prism 9.0.0 was utilized to generate visual representations of the data. Results The overall positivity rate of allergen-specific IgE among the 57558 samples was 30.69%. The top five allergens that elicited positive results were dust mite mix 1 (14.46%), crab (6.67%), soybean (4.72%), fish mix 1 (4.64%), and cockroach (4.34%). Notably, weakly positive (±) results were predominant for allergens such as eggs, peanuts, soybeans, cow's milk, beef, mutton, crab, shrimp, fish mix 1, cockroach, humulus japonicus, ambrosia artemisifolia, artemisia vulgaris, tree mix 2, house dust, and mold mix 1, collectively constituting over 40% of the positive outcomes. In contrast, cat hair and dog dander exhibited an equal distribution of approximately 25% for each positive levels, while mite mix 1 demonstrated the highest proportion of strongly positive results (+++), accounting for 37.66% of all positive results. Sex disparities in positivity rates were evident for various allergens, with significant differences observed for peanut, soybean, crab, shrimp, fish mix 1, cockroach, ambrosia artemisifolia, tree mix 2, cat hair, dog dander, and mite mix 1. Furthermore, the study identified age-related trends in allergen positivity rates, with a general decline observed across most allergens with increasing age. The positive rate of at least one food allergen was highest in the 0-10 age group (36.18%), and the positive rate of at least one inhalation allergen was highest in the 11-20 age group (45.35%). Noteworthy correlations were observed between allergen-specific IgE positivity and environmental factors, including a strong negative correlation between cow's milk allergy and relative humidity ( r=-0.640, P<0.05), a strong negative correlation of artemisia vulgaris sensitivity with temperature ( r Mean high temperature=-0.695, r Mean low temperature=-0.692, P<0.05), and a very strong positive correlation of mold mix 1 sensitivity with relative humidity ( r=0.704, P<0.05). Conclusion Allergen-specific IgE positivity is associated with genetic factors, demonstrates significant sex- and age-related characteristics in the population, and is influenced by changes in local temperature and relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- 雪安 王
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 伟华 冯
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 卓春 黄
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 君龙 张
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 滨 杨
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Prakash PS, Weber MHW, van Hellemond JJ, Falcone FH. Are humanized IgE reporter systems potential game changers in serological diagnosis of human parasitic infection? Parasitol Res 2021; 121:1137-1144. [PMID: 34767081 PMCID: PMC8986668 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is thought to have evolved to protect mammalian hosts against parasitic infections or toxins and plays a central role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy of IgE-mediated allergy. Despite the prominence of IgE responses in most parasitic infections, and in stark contrast to its use in the diagnosis of allergy, this isotype is almost completely unexploited for parasite diagnosis. Here, we discuss the perceived or real limitations of IgE-based diagnosis in parasitology and suggest that the recent creation of a new generation of very sensitive cellular IgE-based reporters may represent a powerful new diagnostic platform, but needs to be based on a very careful choice of diagnostic allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prema S Prakash
- Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg (BFS), Institute for Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael H W Weber
- Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg (BFS), Institute for Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jaap J van Hellemond
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Franco H Falcone
- Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg (BFS), Institute for Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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Doyen V, Truyens C, Nhu Thi H, Mong HTT, Le Chi T, De Blay F, Huynh PTN, Michel O, Corazza F. Helminth infection induces non-functional sensitization to house dust mites. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253887. [PMID: 34197505 PMCID: PMC8248592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgE characterizes the humoral response of allergic sensitization but less is known about what modulates its function and why some patients present clinical symptoms for a given IgE level and others do not. An IgE response also occurs during helminth diseases, independently of allergic symptoms. This response could be a model of non-functional IgE. OBJECTIVE To study the IgE response against environmental allergens induced during natural helminth infection. METHODS In 28 non allergic subjects from the periphery of Ho Chi Minh city with (H+, n = 18) and without helminth infection (H-, n = 10), we measured IgE and IgG4 against several components of Dermatophagoïdes pteronyssinus (Dpt) and Ascaris (a marker of immunization against nematodes), and determined the IgE component sensitization profile using microarray ISAC biochips. The functional ability of IgE to induce degranulation of cultured mast cells was evaluated in the presence of Dpt. RESULTS Non allergic H+ subjects exhibited higher levels of IgE against Dpt compared to H- subjects. Dpt IgE were not functional in vitro and did not recognize usual Dpt major allergens. IgE recognized other component allergens that belong to different protein families, and most were glycosylated. Depletion of IgE recognizing carbohydrate cross-reactive determinant (CCD) did not induce a reduction in Dpt IgE. The Dpt IgG4 were not significantly different. CONCLUSION Helminth infections induced IgE against allergens such as Dpt and molecular components that belong to different sources as well as against CCD (such as β-1,2-xylose and/or ⍺-1,3-fucose substituted N-glycans). Dpt IgE were not able to induce degranulation of mast cells and were not explained by sensitization to usual major allergens or N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Doyen
- Clinic of Immunoallergology, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Research, ULB223, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Carine Truyens
- Parasitology Laboratory, ULB Center for Research in immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hoa Nhu Thi
- Parasitology and Mycology Department, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Hiep Tran Thi Mong
- Department of Family Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Le Chi
- Immunology Laboratory, Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Frederic De Blay
- Chest Diseases Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Biocluster des Haras, ALYATEC, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Olivier Michel
- Clinic of Immunoallergology, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francis Corazza
- Laboratory of Translational Research, ULB223, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Research, ULB223, CHU Brugmann, Immunology Laboratory, LHUB-ULB, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Sharma S, Arora B, Gaur SN, Arora N. Bioinformatic and immunological investigation of Per a 5 (delta class GST) allergen from Periplaneta americana. Mol Immunol 2021; 132:93-101. [PMID: 33556711 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION GSTs are multifunctional enzymes involved in cellular detoxification and present as potent allergens in several sources. Present study investigates allergenic relevance of GST from P. americana and determine its cross reactive potential with other indoor allergen sources. METHODS Computational analysis with FASTA and ConSurf webserver was performed to determine potentially cross reactive allergens. Further, Per a 5 gene was cloned in pET 22b+ vector and expressed in E.coli BL21 cells and the rPer a 5 protein was purified using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Enzymatic activity of rPer a 5 was assessed using CDNB and cumene hydroperoxide. ELISA and immunoblot were performed using cockroach hypersensitive patient's sera. Functional activity of rPer a 5 was evaluated by basophil activation test. Inhibition studies were carried out with D. pteronyssinus, A. alternata and C. lunata extracts. RESULTS Per a 5 demonstrates highest sequence similarity with delta class GST of Blattella germanica (94.9%). It also exhibits significant sequence similarity (50-58%) with mite, fungal and helminth allergenic GSTs. ConSurf analysis reveals high degree of evolutionary similarity in N terminal region of Per a 5, especially at GST dimerization interface. The purified rPer a 5 protein resolved at 27 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The rPer a 5 protein exhibits GST activity and possess upto 65% immunoreactivity with cockroach hypersensitive patient's sera in ELISA and immunoblot. It upregulates expression of CD203c on basophils signifying its biological ability to activate effector cells. rPer a 5 significantly inhibits corresponding GSTs in P. americana, D. pteronyssinus, A. alternata and C. lunata with EC50 values of 15.5 ng. 38.38 ng, 41.4 ng and 61.66 ng, respectively. CONCLUSION Recombinant delta class GST of P. americana is a clinically relevant allergen showing upto 65% immunoreactivity with hypersensitive patient's sera. Per a 5 GST allergen showed phylogenetic similarity with dust mite, fungal and birch allergens thereby demonstrating allergen cross reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, U.P., 201002, India
| | - Bharti Arora
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, U.P., 201002, India
| | - S N Gaur
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, V.P. Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Naveen Arora
- Allergy and Immunology Section, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, U.P., 201002, India.
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Nkurunungi G, Mpairwe H, Versteeg SA, Diepen A, Nassuuna J, Kabagenyi J, Nambuya I, Sanya RE, Nampijja M, Serna S, Reichardt N, Hokke CH, Webb EL, Ree R, Yazdanbakhsh M, Elliott AM. Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant-specific IgE obscures true atopy and exhibits ⍺-1,3-fucose epitope-specific inverse associations with asthma. Allergy 2021; 76:233-246. [PMID: 32568414 PMCID: PMC7610925 DOI: 10.1111/all.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background In high-income, temperate countries, IgE to allergen extracts is a risk factor for, and mediator of, allergy-related diseases (ARDs). In the tropics, positive IgE tests are also prevalent, but rarely associated with ARD. Instead, IgE responses to ubiquitous cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) on plant, insect and parasite glycoproteins, rather than to established major allergens, are dominant. Because anti-CCD IgE has limited clinical relevance, it may impact ARD phenotyping and assessment of contribution of atopy to ARD. Methods Using an allergen extract-based test, a glycan and an allergen (glyco)protein microarray, we mapped IgE fine specificity among Ugandan rural Schistosoma mansoni (Sm)-endemic communities, proximate urban communities, and importantly in asthmatic and nonasthmatic schoolchildren. Results Overall, IgE sensitization to extracts was highly prevalent (43%-73%) but allergen arrays indicated that this was not attributable to established major allergenic components of the extracts (0%-36%); instead, over 40% of all participants recognized CCD-bearing components. Using glycan arrays, we dissected IgE responses to specific glycan moieties and found that reactivity to classical CCD epitopes (core β-1,2-xylose, α-1,3-fucose) was positively associated with sensitization to extracts, rural environment and Sm infection, but not with skin reactivity to extracts or sensitization to their major allergenic components. Interestingly, we discovered that reactivity to only a subset of core α-1,3-fucose-carrying N-glycans was inversely associated with asthma. Conclusions CCD reactivity is not just an epiphenomenon of parasite exposure hampering specificity of allergy diagnostics; mechanistic studies should investigate whether specific CCD moieties identified here are implicated in the protective effect of certain environmental exposures against asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyaviira Nkurunungi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
- Department of Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK
| | - Harriet Mpairwe
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Serge A. Versteeg
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers (AMC) Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Angela Diepen
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Jacent Nassuuna
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Joyce Kabagenyi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Irene Nambuya
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Richard E. Sanya
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
- College of Health Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda
| | - Margaret Nampijja
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
| | - Sonia Serna
- Glycotechnology Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE) San Sebastián Spain
| | - Niels‐Christian Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE) San Sebastián Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER‐BBN) San Sebastián Spain
| | - Cornelis H. Hokke
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Emily L. Webb
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group London UK
| | - Ronald Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centers (AMC) Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Maria Yazdanbakhsh
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Alison M. Elliott
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda
- Department of Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK
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Antigenic cross-reactivity between Schistosoma mansoni and allergenic invertebrates putatively due to shared glycanic epitopes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3350. [PMID: 32099050 PMCID: PMC7042331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that rabbit IgG antibodies against Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens (SmSEA) cross-react with allergens in natural rubber latex, peanuts and grass and tree pollens. Here we describe antigenic molecules that cross-react with rabbit anti-S. mansoni IgG antibodies in extracts of the house dust mite (HDM) Dermatophagoides farinae, the Australian cockroach (ACR) Periplaneta australasiae and in the venom of the honey bee Apis mellifera (HBV). Tandem mass spectrometry identified the cross-reactive allergens as Der f 15 in HDM, two homologues of the Periplaneta americana cockroach allergen Cr-PI/Per a 3 in ACR and two isoforms of the allergen Api m 1 (phospholipase A2: PLA2) in HBV. Cross-reactive rabbit anti-SmSEA IgG antibodies eluted from the three invertebrate allergens reacted with S. mansoni egg antigens and variably with schistosome cercarial and worm antigens. Treatment of the electroblotted allergens with sodium metaperiodate abrogated most of the cross-reactivity of the rabbit anti-SmSEA antibodies, suggesting it was due to cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs). Furthermore, analyses of the allergens’ amino acid sequences indicated that they had potential for both N- and O-linked glycosylation. A potential role for the CCDs shared by the schistosome and invertebrates in inducing an allergy-protective effect, as proposed by the hygiene hypothesis, is discussed.
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Mazzoni A, D'Elios MM, Mayaregua DR, Spinicci M, Strohmeyer M, Cosmi F, Cosmi L. Prevalence of allergy and asthma in a rural community of children and adults in Bolivian Chaco. Immunol Lett 2019; 215:45-47. [PMID: 31400357 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Milco D'Elios
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | | | - Michele Spinicci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Marianne Strohmeyer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Cosmi
- Escuela de Salud Publica "Tekove Katu", Gutierrez, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy.
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8
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Nkurunungi G, Lubyayi L, Versteeg SA, Sanya RE, Nassuuna J, Kabagenyi J, Kabuubi PN, Tumusiime J, Zziwa C, Kizindo R, Niwagaba E, Nanyunja C, Nampijja M, Mpairwe H, Yazdanbakhsh M, van Ree R, Webb EL, Elliott AM. Do helminth infections underpin urban-rural differences in risk factors for allergy-related outcomes? Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 49:663-676. [PMID: 30633850 PMCID: PMC6518997 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background It is proposed that helminth exposure protects against allergy‐related disease, by mechanisms that include disconnecting risk factors (such as atopy) from effector responses. Objective We aimed to assess how helminth exposure influences rural‐urban differences in risk factors for allergy‐related outcomes in tropical low‐ and middle‐income countries. Methods In cross‐sectional surveys in Ugandan rural Schistosoma mansoni (Sm)‐endemic islands, and in nearby mainland urban communities with lower helminth exposure, we assessed risk factors for atopy (allergen‐specific skin prick test [SPT] reactivity and IgE [asIgE] sensitization) and clinical allergy‐related outcomes (wheeze, urticaria, rhinitis and visible flexural dermatitis), and effect modification by Sm exposure. Results Dermatitis and SPT reactivity were more prevalent among urban participants, urticaria and asIgE sensitization among rural participants. Pairwise associations between clinical outcomes, and between atopy and clinical outcomes, were stronger in the urban survey. In the rural survey, SPT positivity was inversely associated with bathing in lakewater, Schistosoma‐specific IgG4 and Sm infection. In the urban survey, SPT positivity was positively associated with age, non‐Ugandan maternal tribe, being born in a city/town, BCG scar and light Sm infection. Setting (rural vs urban) was an effect modifier for risk factors including Sm‐ and Schistosoma‐specific IgG4. In both surveys, the dominant risk factors for asIgE sensitization were Schistosoma‐specific antibody levels and helminth infections. Handwashing and recent malaria treatment reduced odds of asIgE sensitization among rural but not urban participants. Risk factors for clinical outcomes also differed by setting. Despite suggestive trends, we did not find sufficient evidence to conclude that helminth (Sm) exposure explained rural‐urban differences in risk factors. Conclusions and clinical relevance Risk factors for allergy‐related outcomes differ between rural and urban communities in Uganda but helminth exposure is unlikely to be the sole mechanism of the observed effect modification between the two settings. Other environmental exposures may contribute significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyaviira Nkurunungi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lawrence Lubyayi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Serge A Versteeg
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard E Sanya
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jacent Nassuuna
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Joyce Kabagenyi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Prossy N Kabuubi
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Josephine Tumusiime
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Christopher Zziwa
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Robert Kizindo
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Emmanuel Niwagaba
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Carol Nanyunja
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Margaret Nampijja
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Harriet Mpairwe
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Maria Yazdanbakhsh
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emily L Webb
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alison M Elliott
- Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.,Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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9
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Lacorcia M, Prazeres da Costa CU. Maternal Schistosomiasis: Immunomodulatory Effects With Lasting Impact on Allergy and Vaccine Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2960. [PMID: 30619318 PMCID: PMC6305477 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early exposure to immune stimuli, including maternal infection during the perinatal period, is increasingly recognized to affect immune predisposition during later life. This includes exposure to not only viral and bacterial infection but also parasitic helminths which remain widespread. Noted effects of helminth infection, including altered incidence of atopic inflammation and vaccine responsiveness, support further research into the impact these infections have for skewing immune responses. At the same time, despite a sea of recommendations, clear phenotypic and mechanistic understandings of how environmental perturbations in pregnancy and nursing modify immune predisposition and allergy in offspring remain unrefined. Schistosomes, as strong inducers of type 2 immunity embedded in a rich network of regulatory processes, possess strong abilities to shift inflammatory and allergic diseases in infected hosts, for example by generating feedback loops that impair T cell responses to heterologous antigens. Based on the current literature on schistosomiasis, we explore in this review how maternal schistosome infection could drive changes in immune system development of offspring and how this may lead to identifying factors involved in altering responses to vaccination as well as manifestations of immune disorders including allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Lacorcia
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Clarissa U Prazeres da Costa
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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McSorley HJ, Chayé MAM, Smits HH. Worms: Pernicious parasites or allies against allergies? Parasite Immunol 2018; 41:e12574. [PMID: 30043455 PMCID: PMC6585781 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 immune responses are most commonly associated with allergy and helminth parasite infections. Since the discovery of Th1 and Th2 immune responses more than 30 years ago, models of both allergic disease and helminth infections have been useful in characterizing the development, effector mechanisms and pathological consequences of type 2 immune responses. The observation that some helminth infections negatively correlate with allergic and inflammatory disease led to a large field of research into parasite immunomodulation. However, it is worth noting that helminth parasites are not always benign infections, and that helminth immunomodulation can have stimulatory as well as suppressive effects on allergic responses. In this review, we will discuss how parasitic infections change host responses, the consequences for bystander immunity and how this interaction influences clinical symptoms of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J McSorley
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mathilde A M Chayé
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden Immunology of Parasitic Infections Group, Leiden University Medical Centre, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hermelijn H Smits
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden Immunology of Parasitic Infections Group, Leiden University Medical Centre, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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