1
|
Wang M, Ding L, Zhang C, Yu H, Ma X, Wang X, Zhong F, Zhang Q. Natural borneol serves as an adjuvant agent to promote the cellular uptake of piperlongumine for improving its antiglioma efficacy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 181:106347. [PMID: 36493999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) can selectively inhibit the proliferation of various cancer cells by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) level to cause a redox imbalance in cancer cells rather than in normal cells. However, the clinical application of PL is limited by its poor cellular uptake. Natural borneol (NB) is extracted from the fresh branches and leaves of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl. with the purity of (+)-borneol no less than 96.0%. NB has been often used as an adjuvant agent to promote the cellular uptake of other drugs. This study aims to investigate the effect of NB on the cellular uptake of PL for improving its antiglioma efficacy and underlying mechanism. NB obviously promoted the cellular uptake of PL with a 1.3-fold increase in the maximum peak concentration and an earlier peak time of 30 min in C6 glioma cells. The cellular uptake of PL was enhanced by NB through down-regulating the expression levels of P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2). The combination of NB and PL significantly induced higher levels of ROS, which increased apoptosis and enhanced G2/M cycle arrest of C6 glioma cells, compared to PL alone administration. NB-enhanced antiglioma efficacy of PL without side effects was confirmed in tumor-bearing mice, which was attributed to the improved cellular uptake of PL. The distribution of PL in the tumor tissue of combined group increased 2.39 times than that of PL-treated group. We firstly report NB as an adjuvant agent to improve the antiglioma efficacy of PL in a ROS-dependent manner, which is due to the enhanced cellular uptake of PL by NB though down-regulating the expression levels of ABCB1 and ABCG2. This work provides a new strategy to promote the cellular uptake of PL with great potential for the treatment of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Lina Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xinyu Ma
- Department of Oncology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China.
| | - Qunlin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Yang G, Cui W, Zhang Y, Liang X. Regulatory mechanisms of tetramethylpyrazine on central nervous system diseases: A review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:948600. [PMID: 36133805 PMCID: PMC9483103 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.948600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases can lead to motor, sensory, speech, cognitive dysfunction, and sometimes even death. These diseases are recognized to cause a substantial socio-economic impact on a global scale. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is one of the main active ingredients extracted from the Chinese herbal medicine Ligusticum striatum DC. (Chuan Xiong). Many in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that TMP has a certain role in the treatment of CNS diseases through inhibiting calcium ion overload and glutamate excitotoxicity, anti-oxidative/nitrification stress, mitigating inflammatory response, anti-apoptosis, protecting the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and facilitating synaptic plasticity. In this review, we summarize the roles and mechanisms of action of TMP on ischemic cerebrovascular disease, spinal cord injury, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive impairments, migraine, and depression. Our review will provide new insights into the clinical applications of TMP and the development of novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Cui
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yunling Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yunling Zhang, ; Xiao Liang,
| | - Xiao Liang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yunling Zhang, ; Xiao Liang,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng D, Chu Y, Li S, Zhou S, Li W, Xie Y, Sun H. Enhancing effect of borneol on pharmacokinetics of ginsenoside Rb 1 , ginsenoside Rg 1 and notoginsenoside R 1 in healthy volunteers after oral administration of compound Danshen dropping pills (CDDP). Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5311. [PMID: 34981536 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Borneol (Bingpian), a monoterpenoid pharmaceutical ingredient, is commonly used as a main composition in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations such as compound Danshen dropping pills (CDDP), and has also been approved by the US FDA as a flavoring substance or adjuvant in food. Borneol plays a regulating and guiding role as messenger drug in CDDP. However, the effect of borneol on the pharmacokinetics of the components of CDDP in human plasma is unclear. In this study, we investigate the effects of borneol on the pharmacokinetics of ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1 ), ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1 ) and notoginsenoside R1 (NR1 ) in CDDP. We used a double-cycle crossover-administration model in twelve healthy male volunteers, giving CDDP with borneol (drug T) and without borneol (drug R). The selective response monitoring (SRM) mode was used for mass spectrometry quantification in the positive mode. As a result, we found that borneol could significantly affect the pharmacokinetic parameters of notoginsenosides, and increase the absorption and systemic exposure of Rb1 , Rg1 and NR1 in human plasma by about 1.85 to 3.71 times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China.,Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Shuming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China.,Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China.,Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yuesheng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - He Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China.,Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim S, Kim JH, Seok SH, Park ES. Enhanced permeability and oral absorption of Panax notoginseng saponins by borneol. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
5
|
Li Y, Ren M, Wang J, Ma R, Chen H, Xie Q, Li H, Li J, Wang J. Progress in Borneol Intervention for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:606682. [PMID: 34017247 PMCID: PMC8129537 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.606682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Borneol is a terpene and bicyclic organic compound that can be extracted from plants or chemically synthesized. As an important component of proprietary Chinese medicine for the treatment of stroke, its neuroprotective effects have been confirmed in many experiments. Unfortunately, there is no systematic review of these studies. This study aimed to systematically examine the neuroprotective effects of borneol in the cascade reaction of experimental ischemic stroke at different periods. Methods: Articles on animal experiments and cell-based research on the actions of borneol against ischemic stroke in the past 20°years were collected from Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and other biomedical databases. Meta-analysis was performed on key indicators in vivo experiments. After sorting the articles, we focused on the neuroprotective effects and mechanism of action of borneol at different stages of cerebral ischemia. Results: Borneol is effective in the prevention and treatment of nerve injury in ischemic stroke. Its mechanisms of action include improvement of cerebral blood flow, inhibition of neuronal excitotoxicity, blocking of Ca2+ overload, and resistance to reactive oxygen species injury in the acute ischemic stage. In the subacute ischemic stage, borneol may antagonize blood-brain barrier injury, intervene in inflammatory reactions, and prevent neuron excessive death. In the late stage, borneol promotes neurogenesis and angiogenesis in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Conclusion: Borneol prevents neuronal injury after cerebral ischemia via multiple action mechanisms, and it can mobilize endogenous nutritional factors to hasten repair and regeneration of brain tissue. Because the neuroprotective effects of borneol are mediated by various therapeutic factors, deficiency caused by a single-target drug is avoided. Besides, borneol promotes other drugs to pass through the blood-brain barrier to exert synergistic therapeutic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mihong Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinxiu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma Q, Dai M, Zhang H, Bai L, He N. Effect of different doses of borneol on the pharmacokinetics of vinpocetine in rat plasma and brain after intraocular administration. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:580-587. [PMID: 31424307 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1658139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of different doses of borneol on the pharmacokinetics of vinpocetine after intraocular administration in the rat plasma and the brain was investigated.Intraocular administration of vinpocetine (3 mg/kg) was performed, in combination with different doses (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) of borneol. Intravenous administration of vinpocetine was used as a control (1 mg/kg). The concentrations of vinpocetine in the rat plasma and the brain were determined using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Using the non-compartmental models with the DSA 2.0 software, the main pharmacokinetics parameters and the brain-targeting effect evaluated.In comparison with intravenous administration, after intraocular administration of vinpocetine alone, the absolute bioavailability (F) of vinpocetine was 43.82% for the plasma, and the drug target index (DTI) was 1.05 for the brain. After intraocular administration of vinpocetine combined with different doses of borneol, the relative bioavailability (Fr) of vinpocetine in the plasma was increased by 130.46-182.90%. The relative bioavailability (Fr) of vinpocetine in the brain was improved (147.19-225.36%). The DTI was 1.12, 1.18, and 1.21 for 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of borneol, respectively.Compared with the intraocular administration of vinpocetine alone, the co-administration of different doses of borneol resulted in an obvious brain targeting effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Manman Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Luyu Bai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, China.,Education Office of Anhui Province, Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu Y, Wang S, Shang L, Zhang H, Qin J, Ren Y, Ye T. Effect of borneol as a penetration enhancer on brain targeting of nanoliposomes: facilitate direct delivery to neurons. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:2709-2727. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study is aimed to evaluate borneol as a penetration enhancer to improve brain target of nanoliposome. Materials & methods: Effects of borneol on pharmacokinetics, targeting efficiency, brain subareas distribution and neuron-targeting level and pathway were studied by fluorescence spectrophotometry and immunofluorescence. Results: Borneol did not influence physicochemical property of doxorubicin hydrochloride nanoliposome (Dox-nanoLips). Co-administration of Dox-nanoLips with borneol elevated brain-target efficiency due to selective distribution increase in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus without difference in contralateral hemisphere. Borneol improved neuronal-targeting level of Dox-nanoLips in the cortex, CA3 and dentate gyrus regions via opening tight junctions of blood–brain barrier and then bypassing astrocyte. Conclusion: Borneol is potential to be a promising penetration enhancer for nanocarrier to target neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Chinese Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Lei Shang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science & Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jianxiu Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Chinese Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yating Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Tiantian Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ye T, Wu Y, Shang L, Deng X, Wang S. Improved lymphatic targeting: effect and mechanism of synthetic borneol on lymph node uptake of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin nanoliposomes following subcutaneous administration. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1461-1471. [PMID: 29902927 PMCID: PMC6058601 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1482973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Borneol as a penetration enhancer is widely used in guiding other components through the biological barrier into the targeting organs or tissues. This study aimed at studying effect and mechanism of synthetic borneol (S-BO) on improving lymphatic-targeting ability of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin liposomes (SN-38-Lips) via increasing lymph node uptake. At first, SN-38-Lips prepared had appropriate particle distribution, drug loading property and compatible stability with S-BO. Both in vitro cellular uptake and in vivo fluorescence imaging showed that 2 and 5 mg/mL S-BO, especially 2 mg/mL S-BO, enhanced cytoplasmic fluorescence signal of SN-38-Lips in the macrophages based on phagocytosis effect. And high-intensity zone appeared in the paracortex and medulla of popliteal lymph node. SN-38-Lips were subcutaneously (s.c.) injected into the right footpad of KM rats in the dose of 4 mg/kg following s.c. injection of 1, 2 and 5 mg/mL BO suspension. The lymphatic pharmacokinetics were investigated to explore the promotion law of S-BO, and combined with tissue irritation to optimize S-BO concentrations. The results indicated that 2 mg/mL S-BO could reduce injection-site retention, and prolong residence time and increase uptake of lymph nodes, which would not cause inflammatory reaction of injection site. In conclusion, the present study may provide a basic study for improving lymphatic-targeting ability of SN-38-Lips by the S-BO regulation, and to be the helpful guidance for further study in lymphatic targeting of delivery system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Ye
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Yue Wu
- b Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Chinese Medicines , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Lei Shang
- c Shenyang Medical College , Shenyang , China
| | - Xueqing Deng
- b Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Chinese Medicines , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Shujun Wang
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu X, Cheng N, Zhao J, Piao X, Yan Y, Zhang Q, Zhou K, Zhang Y, Feng N. Percutaneous absorption and brain distribution facilitation of borneol on tetramethylpyrazine in a microemulsion-based transdermal therapeutic system. Asian J Pharm Sci 2018; 14:305-312. [PMID: 32104460 PMCID: PMC7042483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we show that the percutaneous absorption and brain distribution of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is enhanced when combined with borneol (BN) in a microemulsion-based transdermal therapeutic system (ME-TTS). The formulation of the TMP and BN microemulsion (TEM-BN-ME) was optimized in skin permeation studies in vitro following a uniform experimental design. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the in vivo pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies of TMP-BN-ME-TTS. In the pharmacokinetic study, the TMP-BN-ME-TTS treated rats had significantly higher (P < 0.05) Cmax and AUC of TMP than the TMP-ME-TTS treated rats, indicating that BN improves the rate and extent of TMP percutaneous absorption. In the tissue distribution study, the AUC of TMP in brain was significantly higher in the TMP-BN-ME-TTS group (P < 0.05), indicating that BN facilitates the distribution of TMP in brain. In summary, BN enhanced the percutaneous absorption and brain distribution of TMP in a microemulsion-based transdermal therapeutic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ning Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jihui Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xianghua Piao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yulu Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qibo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kuan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongtai Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nianping Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liao W, Huang X, Yin Y, Liu B, Zhu R. In vivo microdialysis with ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for analysis of tetramethylpyrazine and its interaction with borneol in rat brain and blood. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4210. [PMID: 29431191 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has been widely used in the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. However, the mechanism of TMP and how to increase its bioavailability need to be further explored. In our study, an in vivo microdialysis sampling technique coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method was developed to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of TMP and its interaction with different doses of borneol (BO) in rats. Linearity of TMP in brain and blood dialysates exhibited good linear relationships over the concentration range of 0.991-555.14 ng/mL. The specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, matrix effect and stability were within acceptable ranges. The results demonstrated that BO had a marked impact on the pharmacokinetic properties of TMP. After co-administration, the areas under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of TMP in brain and blood were significantly increased. Meanwhile, the peak concentration of TMP in brain was also enhanced. The AUCBrain /AUCBlood of TMP, increased from 44% to 56 and 60.8% after co-administration with BO (15 and 30 mg/kg). The pharmacodynamic results showed that TMP co-administration with BO enhanced the cerebral blood flow during the period of ischemia and reduced the infarct volume. Overall, it might be an effective way to treat stroke to use TMP co-administered with BO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Liao
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Yin
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Runzhi Zhu
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China.,Department for Cell Therapy center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yi T, Tang D, Wang F, Zhang J, Zhang J, Wang J, Xu X, Zhang J. Enhancing both oral bioavailability and brain penetration of puerarin using borneol in combination with preparation technologies. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:422-429. [PMID: 28165806 PMCID: PMC8241152 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1259372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Now there are few good oral preparations of puerarin used in cerebrovascular diseases because of its poor oral absorption caused by the low water solubility and the poor penetration into brain. In this study, three oral formulations of puerarin, nanocrystals suspension (NCS), inclusion compounds solution (ICS) and self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) were prepared with borneol as an oral brain-targeting enhancer. A rat syngeneic in vitro model of the brain-blood barrier (BBB) was established to investigate effects of borneol on the permeability of puerarin across the BBB. The pharmacokinetics of puerarin in mice after oral administration was investigated by a high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method. The in vitro BBB model study showed the permeability of puerarin was increased significantly (p < 0.05) and the value of transepithelial electrical resistance at 2 h was decreased significantly (p < 0.01) when the concentration of borneol was over 12.5 μg/mL compared with the control group. The pharmacokinetics results indicated borneol with doses of over 50 mg/kg could obviously increase both intestinal absorption and brain penetration of puerarin. With co-administration of borneol (100 mg/kg), the AUC of puerarin both in plasma (AUCplasma) and in brain (AUCbrain) for SMEDDS were significantly higher than those for NCS (p < 0.01) and ICS (p < 0.05). These results suggested borneol in combination with SMEDDS could improve both the oral absorption and the brain penetration of puerarin in mice, which was promising for the development of an oral formulation of puerarin used in cerebrovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yi
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macau, China
| | - Dandan Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China, and
| | - Fan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China, and
| | - Jiqiong Zhang
- Chongqing Jiangjin Teacher Training School, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China, and
| | - Jirui Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China, and
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China, and
| | - Jifen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China, and
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang QL, Fu BM, Zhang ZJ. Borneol, a novel agent that improves central nervous system drug delivery by enhancing blood-brain barrier permeability. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:1037-1044. [PMID: 28687052 PMCID: PMC8241164 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1346002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of central nervous system (CNS) drugs is limited by their poor bioavailability due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Borneol is a naturally occurring compound in a class of 'orifice-opening' agents often used for resuscitative purposes in traditional Chinese medicine. A growing body of evidence confirms that the 'orifice-opening' effect of borneol is principally derived from opening the BBB. Borneol is therefore believed to be an effective adjuvant that can improve drug delivery to the brain. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of information accumulated over the past two decades on borneol's chemical features, sources, toxic and kinetic profiles, enhancing effects on BBB permeability and their putative mechanisms, improvements in CNS drug delivery, and pharmaceutical forms. The BBB-opening effect of borneol is a reversible physiological process characterized by rapid and transient penetration of the BBB and highly specific brain regional distribution. Borneol also protects the structural integrity of the BBB against pathological damage. The enhancement of the BBB permeability is associated with the modulation of multiple ATP-binding cassette transporters, including P-glycoprotein; tight junction proteins; and predominant enhancement of vasodilatory neurotransmitters. Systemic co-administration with borneol improves drug delivery to the brain in a region-, dose- and time-dependent manner. Several pharmaceutical forms of borneol have been developed to improve the kinetic and toxic profiles of co-administered drugs and enhance their delivery to the brain. Borneol is a promising novel agent that deserves further development as a BBB permeation enhancer for CNS drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun-Lin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bingmei M. Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
L-Borneol induces transient opening of the blood–brain barrier and enhances the therapeutic effect of cisplatin. Neuroreport 2017; 28:506-513. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
14
|
Luo DD, Chen XY, Zhang ZB, Sun CY, Zheng YF, Liu YH, Wang XF, Wang Q, Zhan JYX, Su ZR. Different effects of (+)‑borneol and (‑)‑borneol on the pharmacokinetics of osthole in rats following oral administration. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:4239-4246. [PMID: 28440419 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osthole is the primary active component of a number of herbal plants such as the Cnidium monnieri fruit. In traditional Chinese herb medicine, osthole is commonly used in combination with borneol to obtain improved pharmacological effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of borneol enantiomers on the pharmacokinetics of osthole. An appropriate high‑performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was applied to determine the concentrations of osthole in plasma. Following oral administration of osthole alone or combined with borneol in rats, blood samples were collected and analyzed by HPLC. The results demonstrated that there were statistically significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of osthole between osthole administration alone and co‑administration with borneol. When combined with synthetic borneol, the AUC0‑t, AUC0‑∞ and Cmax of osthole increased by 48.153, 104.708 and 92.630%, respectively, while the CL/F decreased by 51.251%. When combined with (+)‑borneol, the AUC0‑t, AUC0‑∞ and Cmax of osthole were increased by 61.561, 78.167, and 51.769%, respectively, while the CL/F decreased by 44.174% (P<0.01). In addition, when combined with (‑)‑borneol, the AUC0‑t, AUC0‑∞ and Cmax of osthole increased by 115.856, 167.786 and 271.289%, respectively, while the CL/F decreased by 60.686% (P<0.01). These results indicated that borneol may enhance gastrointestinal absorption and inhibit the metabolism of osthole. In addition, the promotional effect of (‑)‑borneol on the pharmacokinetic parameters of osthole was greater than that of (+)‑borneol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Biao Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Yue Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Feng Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Fen Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Janis Ya-Xian Zhan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
CNS disorders are on the rise despite advancements in our understanding of their pathophysiological mechanisms. A major hurdle to the treatment of these disorders is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which serves as an arduous janitor to protect the brain. Many drugs are being discovered for CNS disorders, which, however fail to enter the market because of their inability to cross the BBB. This is a pronounced challenge for the pharmaceutical fraternity. Hence, in addition to the discovery of novel entities and drug candidates, scientists are also developing new formulations of existing drugs for brain targeting. Several approaches have been investigated to allow therapeutics to cross the BBB. As the molecular structure of the BBB is better elucidated, several key approaches for brain targeting include physiological transport mechanisms such as adsorptive-mediated transcytosis, inhibition of active efflux pumps, receptor-mediated transport, cell-mediated endocytosis, and the use of peptide vectors. Drug-delivery approaches comprise delivery from microspheres, biodegradable wafers, and colloidal drug-carrier systems (e.g., liposomes, nanoparticles, nanogels, dendrimers, micelles, nanoemulsions, polymersomes, exosomes, and quantum dots). The current review discusses the latest advancements in these approaches, with a major focus on articles published in 2015 and 2016. In addition, we also cover the alternative delivery routes, such as intranasal and convection-enhanced diffusion methods, and disruption of the BBB for brain targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayur M Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Chharodi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India.
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Chharodi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Donkor PO, Chen Y, Ding L, Qiu F. Locally and traditionally used Ligusticum species - A review of their phytochemistry, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:530-548. [PMID: 27729283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ligusticum species (Umbelliferae) have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, Korean folk medicine and Native American medicine for their medicinal and nutritional value. Decoctions of the rhizomes are used in treatment and prophylaxis of migraine, anemia and cardiovascular conditions including stroke. AIM OF STUDY This review is intended to fully compile the constituents of locally and traditionally used Ligusticum species, present their bioactivities and highlight potential leads for future drug design, and thus, provide a reference for further research and application of these species. Emphasis is also placed on current trends in the pharmacokinetic studies of the major constituents. METHODS The literature discussed is derived from readily accessible papers spanning the early 1990s to the end of 2015. Information was collected from journals, books and online searches (Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Springerlink and CNKI). RESULTS The major phytoconstituents, 154 of which are presented in this review, include alkaloids, phthalides and phenolic acids. The crude extracts and isolated constituents have exhibited a wide range of in vitro and in vivo pharmacologic effects, including cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. The bioactive alkaloid tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has attracted the most attention for its potent effect on calcium channels, anti-platelet as well as anti-inflammatory effects. Pharmacokinetic studies of major constituents have also been summarized. CONCLUSION The pthalides, organic acids and alkaloids of Ligusticum species have emerged as a good source of traditional medicines for the management of cardio- and cerebrovascular conditions, inflammation and neurogenerative disorders. The species discussed in this review have demonstrated wide pharmacological actions and have great potential to yield multipotent drugs if challenges such as poor bioavailability, solubility and toxicological profiles are addressed. Apart from the rhizomes, pharmacological activities of other botanical parts also need to be studied further. Expansion of research to cover other species in the Ligusticum genus would provide more opportunities for the discovery of new bioactive principles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Owusu Donkor
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; University of Ghana School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box KB 52, Korle-Bu, Ghana
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liqin Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Concepts, technologies, and practices for drug delivery past the blood–brain barrier to the central nervous system. J Control Release 2016; 240:251-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
18
|
Ru G, Han L, Qing J, Sheng J, Li R, Qiu M, Wang J. Effects of borneol on the pharmacokinetics of 9-nitrocamptothecin encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles with different size via oral administration. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:3417-3423. [PMID: 27174642 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1189466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Although nanocarriers provide promising potential for oral drug delivery, the delivery efficiency remains unsatisfactory and needs to be improved. Size is considered to be the most important characteristic of nanoparticles related to their oral absorption. Borneol has been proved to have the ability to enhance the penetration and transport of many drugs through various physical barriers. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the particle size and coadministration of borneol on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of entrapped drug in different size poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles. MATERIALS AND METHODS 9-Nitrocamptothecin (9-NC)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles with three different range of size (50-100 nm, 100-200 nm, 200-300 nm) were prepared by emulsion solvent-evaporation method. The pharmacokinetic study in rats of these nanoparticles with borneol was carried out. RESULTS The experiments showed that the encapsulation drug in nanoparticles with size below 200 nm could improve the oral bioavailability of 9-NC. The small size nanoparticles (50-100 nm) had a better improvement efficacy. As for borneol, it played a significant promotion effect only on the small nanoparticles. Moreover, there was no significant influence on the nanoparticles with size more than 100 nm. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The study indicated that both entrapping drug in nanoparticles with the size below 100 nm and coadministrating with borneol could enhance the gastrointestinal absorption of water insoluble drug. The combination of the two strategies provides a potential approach to improve the oral bioavailability of drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Ru
- a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and
| | - Limei Han
- a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and
| | - Jin Qing
- a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and
| | - Jianyong Sheng
- a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and
| | - Ruixiang Li
- a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and
| | - Mingfeng Qiu
- b School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Synergism of Chinese Herbal Medicine: Illustrated by Danshen Compound. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7279361. [PMID: 27190537 PMCID: PMC4846759 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7279361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The primary therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) are based on the properties of each herb and the strategic combination of herbs in formulae. The herbal formulae are constructed according to Chinese medicine theory: the “Traditional Principles for Constructing Chinese Herbal Medicinal Formulae” and the “Principles of Combining Medicinal Substances.” These principles of formulation detail how and why multiple medicinal herbs with different properties are combined together into a single formula. However, the concept of herbal synergism in CHM still remains a mystery due to lack of scientific data and modern assessment methods. The Compound Danshen Formula (CDF) is a validated formula that has been used to treat a variety of diseases for hundreds of years in China and other countries. The CDF will be employed to illustrate the theory and principle of Chinese herbal medicine formulation. The aim of this review is to describe how Chinese herbal medicinal formulae are constructed according to Chinese medicine theory and to illustrate with scientific evidence how Chinese herbs work synergistically within a formula, thereby supporting Chinese medicine theory and practice.
Collapse
|
20
|
Borneol Depresses P-Glycoprotein Function by a NF-κB Signaling Mediated Mechanism in a Blood Brain Barrier in Vitro Model. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27576-88. [PMID: 26593909 PMCID: PMC4661909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) that form the blood brain barrier (BBB), influences transportation of substances between blood and brain. The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of borneol on P-gp efflux function on BBB and explore the potential mechanisms. We established an in vitro BBB model comprised of rat BMECs and astrocytes to measure the effects of borneol on the known P-gp substrates transport across BBB, and examined the function and expression of P-gp in BMECs and the signaling pathways regulating P-gp expression. Borneol increased intracellular accumulation of Rhodamine 123, enhanced verapamil and digoxin across the BBB in vitro model, and depressed mdr1a mRNA and P-gp expression. Borneol could activate nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and inhibition of NF-κB with MG132 (carbobenzoxy-Leu-Leu-leucinal) and SN50 (an inhibitory peptide) obscuring the P-gp decreases induced by borneol. These data suggested that borneol depresses P-gp function in BMECs by a NF-κB signaling medicated mechanism in a BBB in vitro model.
Collapse
|
21
|
Yan JF, Han F, Ma L, Cheng YJ, Gao J, Deng JL, Feng X. Pharmacokinetics of Tetramethylpyrazine Hydrochloride in Rabbits Blood after Intranasal Administration. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1674-6384(15)60058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
22
|
Zhang Q, Wu D, Wu J, Ou Y, Mu C, Han B, Zhang Q. Improved blood-brain barrier distribution: effect of borneol on the brain pharmacokinetics of kaempferol in rats by in vivo microdialysis sampling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 162:270-277. [PMID: 25582491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kaempferol (KA) exists in a variety of herbal medicines. In vitro and in vivo studies have focused on the anti-Alzheimer effect of KA. However, little is known about its brain pharmacokinetic profile. The accumulated amount of KA in brain is very low because of the protection of blood-brain barrier (BBB). Borneol (BO) is a classical aromatic refreshing traditional Chinese medicine and commonly used as an adjuvant component of traditional Chinese medicines (e.g. compound Danshen dropping pills) in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. According to the basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine, BO is called an "upper guiding drug", which can guide other components to the targeting tissues or organs in the upper part of the body, especially in the brain. MATERIALS AND METHODS The probes for blood and brain sampling were implanted within the jugular vein/right atrium and right hippocampus of SD rats, respectively. Rats were intravenous administered of KA (25 mg/kg) alone or combined with BO (15, 30 mg/kg) via caudal vein. The blood and brain microdialysates were collected every 15 min for 180 min and every 30 min for 180-300 min. A selective and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography-chemiluminescence method was developed for the determination of unbound KA in rat blood and brain microdialysates, which can be converted to their actual free-form concentrations based on the in vivo relative recoveries of KA across microdialysis probes. RESULTS KA quickly crossed the BBB to enter the extracellular fluid of hippocampus and reached the maximum concentration of 0.11 μg/mL within 30 min. The brain bioavailability and brain delivery of KA evidently increased with the co-administration of 15 and 30 mg/kg of BO. The AUC0-inf of KA in brain increased 1.84 and 2.19 times, and the Cmax of KA in brain increased 2.09 and 3.18 times than that without BO, respectively. In addition, the brain-to-blood distribution ratio of KA increased by 48.68% and 57.97% compared with that without BO. However, no significant difference in the T1/2 of unbound KA in blood aserved between three groups. CONCLUSIONS BO can enhance the BBB permeability and improve the transportation of KA to brain. The dose-dependent effect of BO on the brain pharmacokinetic parameters of KA was observed. This co-administration strategy can be designed to enhance the brain accumulation of other neuropsychiatric medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Dong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Juan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Yong Ou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Chunlei Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Bo Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Qunlin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xu P, Li Y, Du SY, Lu Y, Bai J, Guo QL. Comparative pharmacokinetics of borneol in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and sham-operated rats. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2014; 15:84-91. [PMID: 24390748 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of borneol in the pathological conditions of stroke and evaluate the pharmacokinetic differences of borneol caused by stroke after oral administration of borneol and Xingnaojing (XNJ). METHODS The rats were divided into two groups, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) and sham-operated (SO) rats. Each group contained two subgroups: pure borneol and XNJ subgroups. After administration with the same dosages of borneol 162.0 mg/kg, plasma samples were collected. The cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was created by reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The blood samples were collected punctually after oral administration and a specific gas chromatographic system-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) method was developed and employed to determine the level of borneol in the plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using non-compartmental methods with Kinetica. RESULTS After administration of borneol, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC) values in stroke rats significantly increased by 302% and 275%, respectively, compared with the SO rats, and the same phenomenon appeared after administration of XNJ. In the rats with the same physiological conditions, the Cmax and AUC had higher values in the borneol subgroup (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the pathological damages of ischemia-reperfusion have a significant impact on the pharmacokinetic traits of borneol and that there are some components in XNJ inhibiting the absorption of borneol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xu
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tian N, Liu S, Li J, Xu W, Yuan L, Huang J, Liu Z. Metabolic analysis of the increased adventitious rooting mutant of Artemisia annua reveals a role for the plant monoterpene borneol in adventitious root formation. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2014; 151:522-532. [PMID: 24329606 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Adventitious root (AR) formation is a critical process for plant clonal propagation. The role of plant secondary metabolites in AR formation is still poorly understood. Chemical and physical mutagenesis in combination with somatic variation were performed on Artemisia annua in order to obtain a mutant with changes in adventitious rooting and composition of plant secondary metabolites. Metabolic and morphological analyses of the iar (increased adventitious rooting) mutant coupled with in vitro assays were used to elucidate the relationship between plant secondary metabolites and AR formation. The only detected differences between the iar mutant and wild-type were rooting capacity and borneol/camphor content. Consistent with this, treatment with borneol in vitro promoted adventitious rooting in wild-type. The enhanced rooting did not continue upon removal of borneol. The iar mutant displayed no significant differences in AR formation upon treatment with camphor. Together, our results suggest that borneol promotes adventitious rooting whereas camphor has no effect on AR formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Tian
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture and Hardening, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Neuroprotective effect of a formula, moschus combined with borneolum synthcticum, from traditional chinese medicine on ischemia stroke in rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:157938. [PMID: 24782904 PMCID: PMC3982284 DOI: 10.1155/2014/157938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Moschus compatible with borneolum synthcticum is a well-known herb pair in Traditional Chinese Medicine and the present study aims to assess the neuroprotective effect of a formula composed of this herb pair on ischemia stroke in rats. The middle cerebral artery occlusion model of focal cerebral ischemia in rat was performed by using intraluminal suture method. The behavioral scores, infarct volume, and neuron ultrastructure of model and formula-treated rats were investigated after the 2 h of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion. Meanwhile the expression levels of caspase-3, caspase-9, Bcl-2, and Bax were measured by western blot analysis. The formula treatment showed obvious neuroprotective effect according to significant decrease of the neurological scores (P < 0.01) and the infarct volumes (P < 0.05) when compared to the MCAO group. We also observed that this formula had antiapoptosis activity on neuron cell under electron microscope. Furthermore, our result supported the idea that pro- and postadministration of this formula had an antiapoptosis effect by decreasing remarkably the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 (P < 0.05) as well as increasing significantly the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax (P < 0.01). All evidences demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of this formula on ischemia stroke due to decrease of brain infract volume and modulation of the expression of apoptosis-related proteins.
Collapse
|
26
|
Cai Z, Lei X, Lin Z, Zhao J, Wu F, Yang Z, Pu J, Liu Z. Preparation and evaluation of sustained-release solid dispersions co-loading gastrodin with borneol as an oral brain-targeting enhancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2014; 4:86-93. [PMID: 26579369 PMCID: PMC4590720 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2013.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Borneol is a traditional Chinese medicine that can promote drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and distribution to the brain. However, stomach irritation may occur when high doses of borneol are used. In the present work, gastrodin, the main bioactive ingredient of the traditional Chinese drug “Tianma” (Rhizoma Gastrodiae) was used as a model drug to explore reasonable application of borneol. Sustained-release solid dispersions (SRSDs) for co-loading gastrodin and borneol were prepared using ethylcellulose as a sustained release matrix and hydroxy-propyl methylcellulose as a retarder. The dispersion state of drug within the SRSDs was analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X-ray diffractometry. The results indicated that both gastrodin and borneol were molecularly dispersed in an amorphous form. Assay of in vitro drug release demonstrated that the dissolution profiles of gastrodin and borneol from the SRSDs both fitted the Higuchi model. Subsequently, gastric mucosa irritation and the brain targeting of the SRSDs were evaluated. Compared with the free mixture of gastrodin and borneol, brain targeting of SRSDs was slightly weaker (brain targeting index: 1.83 vs. 2.09), but stomach irritation obviously reduced. Sustained-release technology can be used to reduce stomach irritation caused by borneol while preserving sufficient transport capacity for oral brain-targeting drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaolu Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhufen Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Feizhen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Kunming Pharmaceutical Co., Kunming 650100, China
| | - Junxue Pu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Kunming Pharmaceutical Co., Kunming 650100, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Corresponding author at: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. Tel./fax: +86 20 61648597.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Systematic review of recent advances in pharmacokinetics of four classical Chinese medicines used for the treatment of cerebrovascular disease. Fitoterapia 2013; 88:50-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
28
|
Wu C, Liao Q, Yao M, Xu X, Zhou Y, Hou X, Xie Z. Effect of natural borneol on the pharmacokinetics and distribution of nimodipine in mice. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2013; 39:17-24. [PMID: 23673491 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-013-0135-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of natural borneol (NB) on the pharmacokinetics and distribution of nimodipine in mice. A single dose of nimodipine was administered intravenously (2 mg/kg) to mice pretreated with NB (250 mg/kg) or vehicle. Blood as well as brain, liver, and kidney tissue samples were collected at 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 min post-dose nimodipine. The concentrations of nimodipine in plasma and tissues were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with UV detection, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated based on non-compartmental analysis. NB increased the plasma AUC5-60 min by 26 % compared to the vehicle. In addition, brain concentrations of nimodipine in NB-treated mice were significantly higher than those in control mice with the increased AUC5-60 min by 30 %. In liver and kidney, NB also caused 26 and 47 % increase in AUC5-60 min, respectively. These results implicated that NB may inhibit the metabolism or elimination of nimodipine and enhance its distribution in brain and kidney tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
The use of borneol as an enhancer for targeting aprotinin-conjugated PEG-PLGA nanoparticles to the brain. Pharm Res 2013; 30:2560-72. [PMID: 23615859 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of borneol on the brain targeting efficiency of aprotinin-conjugated poly (ethyleneglycol)-poly (L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (Apr-NP) and the activity of huperzine A (Hup A) loaded nanoparticles to AD rats . METHOD Apr-NP was prepared by emulsion and solvent evaporation method. The uptake of Apr-NP alone or combined with borneol by brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) was evaluated by incorporating coumarin-6 as a tracer. In vivo imaging and the distribution of Hup A in the brain were measured to investigate the brain delivery of Apr-NP in rats, with or without the oral administration of borneol. Morris water maze was used to evaluate the memory improvement effect of Hup A loaded nanoparticles (Apr-NP-Hup). RESULTS Co-incubation with borneol could increase the uptake of nanoparticles by BCECs. Nanoparticles delivered into the rat brain were enhanced significantly by the co-administration of borneol. The pharmacological effects of Hup A loaded nanoparticles on improving the memory impairment of AD rats were greatly improved when combined with borneol. CONCLUSIONS Borneol is a promising enhancer for brain-targeting delivery systems. When co-administered with aprotinin-modified nanoparticles, borneol could improve the brain targeting efficiency of nanoparticles significantly.
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang R, Mi SQ, Wang NS. Effect of borneol on cytochrome P450 3A enzyme and midazolam pharmacokinetics in rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2013; 38:159-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-013-0125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
31
|
Ren J, Zou M, Gao P, Wang Y, Cheng G. Tissue distribution of borneol-modified ganciclovir-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles in mice after intravenous administration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
32
|
Song J, Bi H, Xie X, Guo J, Wang X, Liu D. Natural borneol enhances geniposide ophthalmic absorption in rabbits. Int J Pharm 2013; 445:163-70. [PMID: 23376228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of natural borneol (NB) on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of ophthalmic administered geniposide (Ge) in rabbits. In vitro permeability characteristics of Ge in excised rabbit corneas were evaluated using Franz-type cells. The effect of NB on Ge pharmacokinetic profiles in vivo was studied with microdialysis. Concentrations of Ge were determined with reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) following ophthalmic administration of Ge alone or with NB (0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.04%) or 0.5% ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Ocular irritation was evaluated using the Draize method and histological examination. Ge solution alone (control solution) had limited corneal permeability. The ratio of the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) with respect to the control solution significantly increased by approximately 1.6-, 2.0-, and 2.4-fold at NB concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.04%, respectively. The Papp for Ge with 0.5% EDTA (positive control) was approximately 1.7-fold higher than that for control solution. Compared to control solution, Ge exhibited a 1.46-, 2.16-, and 2.47-fold greater AUC0-6h, and 2.0-, 3.5-, and 4.4-fold greater Cmax, with 0.01, 0.02, and 0.04% NB, respectively, while Tmax remained unchanged. In conclusion, the ocular bioavailability of Ge significantly increased in the presence of NB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jike Song
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16369#, Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang LS, Shi ZF, Zhang YF, Guo Q, Huang YW, Zhou LL. Effect of Xiongbing compound on the pharmacokinetics and brain targeting of tetramethylpyrazine. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 64:1688-94. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01546.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the effect of the Xiongbing compound (XBC) on the pharmacokinetics and brain targeting of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP).
Methods
Three microemulsions containing the same TMP concentration were prepared. XBC microemulsions were made from Rhizoma ligustric Chuanxiong extracts, borneol and TMP. TMP microemulsions were made with TMP only. Borneol microemulsions contained borneol and TMP. Microdialysis with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure the concentration of TMP in the blood and striatum after intravenous (i.v.) or intragastric (i.g.) administration of the three different microemulsions.
Key findings
The pharmacokinetics of free TMP concentration in the blood and the striatum fit a first-order rate, open two-compartment model after intravenous and intragastric microemulsion administration. The maximal concentration (Cmax) and area under curve (AUC) values in the XBC microemulsion i.v. group were significantly higher than that in the TMP microemulsion and borneol microemulsion i.v. groups. After XBC microemulsion i.g. administration, the t1/2, mean residence time (MRT) and AUC of TMP in both plasma and brain tissues were greater than those with TMP microemulsion and borneol microemulsion administration. The relative brain targeting efficiency of TMP for the XBC microemulsion i.v and i.g. groups relative to the TMP microemulsion and borneol microemulsion groups were greater than 1.
Conclusion
XBC microemulsion can enhance TMP oral bioavailability, brain targeting and tissue distribution, mainly through a synergistic action of Rhizoma ligustric Chuanxiong extracts and borneol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zong-Feng Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ling Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang S, Zhang K, Lin X, Miao Y, Meng L, Chen W, Tang X. Pharmacokinetic comparisons of single herb extract of Fufang Danshen preparation with different combinations of its constituent herbs in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 67-68:77-85. [PMID: 22579600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (SAB), tanshinone IIA (TS), ginsenoside Rb₁ (Rb₁), ginsenoside Rg₁ (Rg₁) and notoginsenoside R₁ (R₁) are major active ingredients of Fufang Danshen preparation (FDP) for its protective effects on myocardial ischemia. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of marker compounds after oral administration of single herb extract and different combinations of constitutional herbs in FDP, and explored potential herb-herb interactions among the ingredients in the multi-herb medicine. The pharmacokinetics study on the target compounds in rat plasma was performed using an optimal ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) coupled with protein precipitation method. There were no statistically significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters of SAB, TS, Rb₁, Rg₁ and R₁ between single Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) or Radix Panax notoginsen (P. notoginseng) extract and combination treatment. While, in comparison with oral administration of P. notoginseng extract alone, the pharmacokinetic parameters (C(max), AUC(0-72 h), AUC(0-∞), Cl, V), particularly for Rb₁ and Rg₁, were significantly different after oral administration P. notoginseng extract with addition of borneol (p<0.05). The AUC(0-72 h) values of Rb₁ and Rg₁ were significantly increased 1.3-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively, after P. Notoginsen extract co-administered with borneol. The results showed that herb-herb interactions may be accounting for the different pharmacokinetic behaviors of active constituents administered in compound prescriptions versus in single-herb extracts, however, which were not significant in most cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenshen Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Shen Q, Li X, Li W, Zhao X. Enhanced intestinal absorption of daidzein by borneol/menthol eutectic mixture and microemulsion. AAPS PharmSciTech 2011; 12:1044-9. [PMID: 21842308 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-011-9672-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of a borneol/menthol eutectic mixture (25:75) and microemulsion on the absorption of daidzein in rat intestinal membrane was evaluated. The microemulsion formulation was composed of ethyl oleate (oil), Cremophor RH40 (surfactant), PEG400 (co-surfactant), and water. The borneol/menthol eutectic mixture and its microemulsion were found to enhance the intestinal absorption of daidzein in vitro. A diffusion chamber system with isolated rat intestinal membranes was used. In contrast, verapamil (0.3 mM), a typical P-glycoprotein inhibitor, showed no effect on the absorption of daidzein by this system. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted in rats. After oral administration of daidzein at a dose of 10 mg/kg in the form of either borneol/menthol eutectic mixtures or suspension, the relative bioavailability of borneol/menthol eutectic mixtures and microemulsion was enhanced by about 1.5- and 3.65-fold, respectively, compared with a daidzein suspension. In conclusion, a borneol/menthol eutectic mixture can enhance the absorption of daidzein, although the mechanism of absorption enhancement is still unclear.
Collapse
|
36
|
Li WR, Chen RY, Yang L, Huang TL, Xu QW, Mi SQ, Wang NS. Pharmacokinetics of natural borneol after oral administration in mice brain and its effect on excitation ratio. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2011; 37:39-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-011-0058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
37
|
Lu Y, Du SY, Chen XL, Wu Q, Song X, Xu B, Zhai YS. Enhancing effect of natural borneol on the absorption of geniposide in rat via intranasal administration. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2011; 12:143-8. [PMID: 21265046 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Both geniposide (Ge) and natural borneol (NB) are bioactive substances derived from traditional Chinese herbs. The effect of NB on the pharmacokinetics of Ge in rat via intranasal administration was investigated. The concentrations of Ge in plasma were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after intranasal administration of Ge (4 mg/kg) alone and combined with different doses (0.08, 0.8, and 8 mg/kg) of NB. The intravenous administration was given as a reference (4 mg/kg of Ge and 8 mg/kg of NB). Compared with the intravenous administration, the absolute bioavailability of Ge was 76.14% through intranasal administration combined with NB. Compared with the intranasal administration of Ge alone, Ge could be absorbed rapidly in the nasal cavity combined with NB; the peak time of Ge in the plasma became shorter (3-5 min vs. 40 min); the peak concentration became higher (1.32-4.25 μg/ml vs. 0.67 μg/ml); and, the relative bioavailability of Ge combined with NB was 90.3%-237.8%. The enhancing effect was attenuated as the dose of NB decreased. The results indicated that NB can accelerate the absorption of Ge dose-dependently in the nasal cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang W, Liao QP, Quan LH, Liu CY, Chang Q, Liu XM, Liao YH. The effect of Acorus gramineus on the bioavailabilities and brain concentrations of ginsenosides Rg1, Re and Rb1 after oral administration of Kai-Xin-San preparations in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 131:313-320. [PMID: 20600754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effect of Acorus gramineus (AG), a supposed 'delivering servant' according to traditional Chinese medicine principles governing multi-herb formula preparation and formulation, on facilitating the uptake of ginsenosides Rg1, Re and Rb1 to the brain after oral administration of Kai-Xin-San (KXS) preparations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ginseng extracts or KXS with or without AG were administered to rats for pharmacokinetic study and mice for behaviour tests at a dose of 3 g ginseng per kg. The concentrations of ginsenosides in plasma and brain were determined by an LC-MS/MS method, whilst the effects of preparations on spatial learning were evaluated using the Morris water maze test. RESULTS KXS in the presence of AG tended to significantly reverse the learning impairment induced by scopolamine. The presence of AG in the KXS formula led to increases in the initial absorption rate and extent of Rg1 and Re in terms of Cmax1 and AUC(0-3h) compared to KXS without AG. Although KXS were found to increase the bioavailabilities and brain concentrations of ginsenosides relative to ginseng extract, the brain-to-plasma AUC(0-12h) ratios appeared not to be affected. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that the presence of AG in the KXS formula promoted the initial absorption of ginsenosides Rg1 and Re in the gastrointestinal tract, but unlikely affected the brain-to-plasma AUC ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haidian District, Beijing, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen XH, Lin ZZ, Liu AM, Ye JT, Luo Y, Luo YY, Mao XX, Liu PQ, Pi RB. The orally combined neuroprotective effects of sodium ferulate and borneol against transient global ischaemia in C57 BL/6J mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 62:915-23. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.62.07.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
40
|
Liu D, Zheng X, Tang Y, Zi J, Nan Y, Wang S, Xiao C, Zhu J, Chen C. Metabolism of Tanshinol Borneol Ester in Rat and Human Liver Microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos 2010; 38:1464-70. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.110.033381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
41
|
Lu Y, Chen X, Du S, Wu Q, Yao Z, Zhai Y. The in situ and in vivo study on enhancing effect of borneol in nasal absorption of Geniposide in rats. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:691-6. [PMID: 20512466 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Revised: 11/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the in situ and in vivo nasal absorption of Geniposide (Ge) co-administered with borneol. A rat in situ nasal perfusion technique with a novel volumeadjusted calculation was used to examine the absorption rate and extent of Ge. The influence of different experimental conditions such as purity of extract, drug concentration, co-administration with synthetic borneol or natural borneol were also investigated. Results indicated nasal absorption of Ge was primarily by passive diffusion that resembled first order kinetics. Following co-administration with borenol, the drug absorption was increased by 1.4 and 1.7 folds for natural borneol and synthetic borneol, respectively. However, the effect of other factors on drug absorption was not significant. In addition, it was also observed that there is a positive correlation between the absorption of water and Ge by the nasal route. In vivo studies carried out in rats where Ge was co-administered with NB and the pharmacokinetic profile obtained following intranasal administration were compared with those after intravenous administration. The bioavailability of Ge by intranasal was 101.5% and T(max) was 2.04 +/- 0.64 min. MRT was 218.7 +/- 74.1 min and 44.4 +/- 8.9 min for intranasal and intravenous, respectively. Combined with the borneol, Ge can be promptly and thoroughly absorbed intranasally in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Beijing University of TCM, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhou Y, Li W, Chen L, Ma S, Ping L, Yang Z. Enhancement of intestinal absorption of akebia saponin D by borneol and probenecid in situ and in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2010; 29:229-234. [PMID: 21787607 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2010.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 01/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Akebia saponin D is a typical bioactive triterpenoid saponin isolated the rhizome of Dipsacus asper Wall. Our previous studies demonstrated that the oral bioavailability of akebia saponin D was very low, but the underlying mechanisms remained unknown. The present study aims to investigate the intestinal absorptive characteristics of akebia saponin D as well as the absorptive transport behavior influenced by co-administration of three absorption-enhancing agents and three efflux protein inhibitors using an in vitro everted gut sac method and an in situ intestinal perfusion model. The results showed that akebia saponin D had a quite limited intestinal permeability, and there was a non-linear increase in transepithelial transportation with increasing concentrations of akebia saponin D. The absorption of akebia saponin D was intestinal segment selective and the small intestine was the best absorptive site. Among three absorption promoters, borneol could significantly improve the permeability of akebia saponin D across ileum, while Tween-80 and DMSO had almost no absorption-enhancing effect. In addition, verapamil, probenecid and pantoprazole in the perfusates were used in this study as modulators of transporters such as P-glycoprotein, MRPs and BCRP in the intestinal mucosa, respectively. The results exhibited that the ileal permeability of akebia saponin D was markedly elevated by the co-administration of probenecid, indicating that akebia saponin D may be likely a substrate of MRPs. The above-mentioned results suggest that akebia saponin D has a poor intestinal absorption not only due to its poor transepithelial permeability but also owing to the contribution of efflux transporters such as MRPs in the intestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhang T, Shen Q, Pan W. LC Determination of the Intestinal Absorption of Etoposide in Vitro and in Rat Plasma. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
44
|
Application of headspace solid phase microextraction for study of noncovalent interaction of borneol with human serum albumin. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2009; 30:1573-6. [PMID: 19890364 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2009.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate noncovalent interactions between borneol and human serum albumin (HSA) under near-physiological conditions. METHODS A 65-microm polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber was selected for sampling. The extraction temperature was kept at 37 degrees C, and the extraction time was optimized at 10 min. Borneol solutions of different concentrations were equilibrated in 600 micromol/L HSA and 67 mmol/L phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4, 37 degrees C) for 24 h prior to solid phase microextraction (SPME) using headspace mode. The binding properties were obtained based on the calculation of extracted borneol amount using gas chromatography (GC) determination. RESULTS The headspace SPME extraction method avoided disturbance from the HSA binding matrix. The recovery showed good linearity for the borneol concentrations over the range of 0.4-16.3 mumol/L with a regression coefficient (R(2)) of 0.9998. The limit of detection and lower limit of quantitation were determined to be 0.01 micromol/L and 0.4 micromol/L, respectively. The binding constant and the percentage binding rate were estimated to be 2.4 x 10(3)(mol/L)(-1) and 59.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION Headspace SPME coupled to GC is a simple, sensitive and rapid method for the study of borneol binding to HSA. The method may be applied in the determination of other protein binding properties in human plasma.
Collapse
|
45
|
Yang H, Xun Y, Li Z, Hang T, Zhang X, Cui H. Influence of Borneol on In Vitro Corneal Permeability and on In Vivo and In Vitro Corneal Toxicity. J Int Med Res 2009; 37:791-802. [PMID: 19589262 DOI: 10.1177/147323000903700322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether borneol could enhance corneal drug permeability. Model drugs containing either synthetic or natural borneol were co-administered to isolated intact or de-epithelialized rabbit corneas and the apparent permeability coefficients were measured. Draize tests in rabbits and levels of isolated intact rabbit corneal hydration were used to measure in vivo and in vitro toxicity, respectively. Synthetic borneol (0.1%) increased corneal penetration of the lipophilic agents, indomethacin and dexamethasone, by 1.23 and 2.40, respectively, and of the hydrophilic agents, ofloxacin, ribavirin and tobramycin, by 1.87, 2.80 and 3.89, respectively. For natural borneol, the corresponding fold increases were 1.67, 2.00, 2.15, 2.18 and 3.39, respectively. Removing the epithelium attenuated the penetration-enhancing effects of borneol. Borneol (0.1%) did not damage corneal tissue. The ability of borneol to enhance drug penetration through the outer corneal layer, particularly for highly-hydrophilic drugs, suggests that further clinical investigation may be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Y Xun
- Centre for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Hei Long Jiang Institute For Drug Control, Harbin, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - T Hang
- Centre for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - H Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
|