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Qin XY, Liu XX, Li ZY, Guo LY, Zheng ZZ, Guan HT, Song L, Zou YH, Fan TY. MRI Detectable Polymer Microspheres Embedded With Magnetic Ferrite Nanoclusters For Embolization: In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8989-9006. [PMID: 31819414 PMCID: PMC6873973 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s209603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop magnetic embolic microspheres that could be visualized by clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners aiming to improve the efficiency and safety of embolotherapy. METHODS AND DISCUSSION Magnetic ferrite nanoclusters (FNs) were synthesized with microwave-assisted solvothermal method, and their morphology, particle size, crystalline structure, magnetic properties as well as T2 relaxivity were characterized to confirm the feasibility of FNs as an MRI probe. Magnetic polymer microspheres (FNMs) were then produced by inverse suspension polymerization with FNs embedded inside. The physicochemical and mechanical properties (including morphology, particle size, infrared spectra, elasticity, etc.) of FNMs were investigated, and the magnetic properties and MRI detectable properties of FNMs were also assayed by vibrating sample magnetometer and MRI scanners. Favorable biocompatibility and long-term MRI detectability of FNMs were then studied in mice by subcutaneous injection. FNMs were further used to embolize rabbits' kidneys to evaluate the embolic property and detectability by MRI. CONCLUSION FNMs could serve as a promising MRI-visualized embolic material for embolotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ya Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xin Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yuan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Ying Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Zhao Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Tao Guan
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hua Zou
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian-Yuan Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Tian L, Lu L, Feng J, Melancon MP. Radiopaque nano and polymeric materials for atherosclerosis imaging, embolization and other catheterization procedures. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:360-370. [PMID: 29881675 PMCID: PMC5990339 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A review of radiopaque nano and polymeric materials for atherosclerosis imaging and catheterization procedures is presented in this paper. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the US with atherosclerosis as a significant contributor for mortality and morbidity. In this review paper, we discussed the physics of radiopacity and X-ray/CT, clinically used contrast agents, and the recent progress in the development of radiopaque imaging agents and devices for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs. We focused on radiopaque imaging agents for atherosclerosis, radiopaque embolic agents and drug eluting beads, and other radiopaque medical devices related to catheterization procedures to treat CVDs. Common strategies of introducing radiopacity in the polymers, together with examples of their applications in imaging and medical devices, are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Linfeng Lu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Marites P Melancon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Caine M, Carugo D, Zhang X, Hill M, Dreher MR, Lewis AL. Review of the Development of Methods for Characterization of Microspheres for Use in Embolotherapy: Translating Bench to Cathlab. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28218823 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic embolotherapy is the deliberate occlusion of a blood vessel within the body, which can be for the prevention of internal bleeding, stemming of flow through an arteriovenous malformation, or occlusion of blood vessels feeding a tumor. This is achieved using a wide selection of embolic devices such as balloons, coils, gels, glues, and particles. Particulate embolization is often favored for blocking smaller vessels, particularly within hypervascularized tumors, as they are available in calibrated sizes and can be delivered distally via microcatheters for precise occlusion with associated locoregional drug delivery. Embolic performance has been traditionally evaluated using animal models, but with increasing interest in the 3R's (replacement, reduction, refinement), manufacturers, regulators, and clinicians have shown interest in the development of more sophisticated in vitro methods for evaluation and prediction of in vivo performance. Herein the current progress in developing bespoke techniques incorporating physical handling, fluid dynamics, occlusive behavior, and sustained drug elution kinetics within vascular systems is reviewed. While it is necessary to continue to validate the safety of such devices in vivo, great strides have been made in the development of bench tests that better predict the behavior of these products aligned with the principles of the 3R's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Caine
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment; University of Southampton; University Road Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
- Biocompatibles UK Ltd., Lakeview; Riverside Way, Watchmoor Park Camberley GU15 3YL UK
| | - Dario Carugo
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment; University of Southampton; University Road Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Xunli Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment; University of Southampton; University Road Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Martyn Hill
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment; University of Southampton; University Road Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Matthew R. Dreher
- Biocompatibles UK Ltd., Lakeview; Riverside Way, Watchmoor Park Camberley GU15 3YL UK
| | - Andrew L. Lewis
- Biocompatibles UK Ltd., Lakeview; Riverside Way, Watchmoor Park Camberley GU15 3YL UK
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Liu J, Wang K, Luan J, Wen Z, Wang L, Liu Z, Wu G, Zhuo R. Visualization of in situ hydrogels by MRI in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:1343-1353. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02459e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan and PEG-based self-healable in situ hydrogel developed as a long-term MRI reporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of the Ministry of Education & College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- Medical Imaging Division
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Luan
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of the Ministry of Education & College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi Wen
- Medical Imaging Division
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of the Ministry of Education & College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Zhilan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of the Ministry of Education & College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Guangyao Wu
- Medical Imaging Division
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Renxi Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of the Ministry of Education & College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
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Meng WJ, Lu XJ, Wang H, Fan TY, Cui DC, Zhang SS, Zheng ZZ, Guan HT, Song L, Zou YH. Preparation and evaluation of biocompatible long-term radiopaque microspheres based on polyvinyl alcohol and lipiodol for embolization. J Biomater Appl 2015; 30:133-46. [PMID: 25766037 DOI: 10.1177/0885328215575622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop long-term radiopaque microspheres (LRMs) by entrapping lipiodol in biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol with multiple emulsions chemical crosslinking method. The high content of lipiodol (0.366 g/mL) was hardly released from LRMs in vitro and the radiopacity could maintain at least 3 months after subcutaneous injection in mice without weakening. A series of tests was performed to evaluate the feasibility of LRMs for embolization. LRMs were proved to be smooth, spherical, and well dispersed with diameter range of 100–1200 μm. Young's modulus of LRMs was 55.39 ± 9.10 kPa and LRMs could be easily delivered through catheter without aggregating or clogging. No toxicity of LRMs was found to mouse L929 fibroblasts cells and only moderate inflammatory in surrounding tissue of mice was found after subcutaneous injection of LRMs. After LRMs were embolized in renal artery of a rabbit, the distribution and radiopacity of LRMs in vivo were easily detectable by X-ray fluoroscopy and computed tomography (CT) imaging, respectively. More accurate distribution of LRMs in embolized kidney and vessels could be detected by high-revolution visualization of micro-CT ex vivo. In conclusion, the LRMs were proved to be biocompatible and provide long-term radiopacity with good physical and mechanical properties for embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Meng
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Yuan Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dai-Chao Cui
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shui-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo-Zhao Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Tao Guan
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Hua Zou
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Du LR, Lu XJ, Guan HT, Yang YJ, Gu MJ, Zheng ZZ, Lv TS, Yan ZG, Song L, Zou YH, Fu NQ, Qi XR, Fan TY. Development and evaluation of liquid embolic agents based on liquid crystalline material of glyceryl monooleate. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:285-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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